新概念英语第二册笔记第77课

《新概念英语》第二册学习笔记78 77课第78课The last one?1、After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' ...entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' 过去分词短语修饰article, 这个句子也可以用定语从句表示：After reading an article that was entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'...reading 动词的现在分词，是由动词+ing 构成，可以与系动词be 一起构成进行时，也可以与have/has been 一起构成完成进行时。

例句：They are watching a basement game.He has been collecting stamps since he was a boy.2、I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.calm 使某人或者某物平静下来，或者安抚某人或者某物例句：He was starting to shake with excitement, and to calm himself he walkedover to the window.3、I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking.give up sth. 或者give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，不再做某事例句：She never completely gave up hope.4、My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事例句：They kept on walking for a while in silence.5、They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packetof sweets from my pocket.make effort to do sth. 表示为了达到某种结果而付出额外的精力例句：Mothers had to made the effort to go out to a play area with their children.whenever 无论何时，无论什么情况例句：Come to see me whenever you feel you have to talk.第77课A successful operation1、The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.B.C. 公元前，是before Christ 的缩写who died in 800 B.C. 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Egyptian woman.2、The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.who was once a singer...... 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Shepenmut.3、...doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.died of 因......而死，死于......例句：I'm dying of thirst.4、The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficultbecause of the hard resin which covered the skin.逗号后面的部分是which 引导的非限制性定语从句，对前面的operation 起补充说明的作用。

TextThe mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.定语从句：who died in 800 B.C.修饰an Egyptian woman 死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女B.C. (Before Christ)公元前eg Julius Caesar died in 44 B.C. . Julius Caesar 死于公元前44年。

A.D.(Anno Domini 拉丁语）公元（后）eg William the Conqueror invaded Britain in A.D. 1066. William征服者于1066年入侵英国。

have an operation接受手术perform an operation on sb for… 给…做手术eg He`ll perform an operation on her for a diseased lung. 他要为她做肺部手术。

operation1n[u] 工作，操作eg The operation of a big new machine can be hard to learn. 一部大型新机器的操作室很难学会的。

2n[c] 工作，行动begin operations开展业务a difficult operation一项艰巨的行动The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.定语从句：the mummy is that of Shepenmut,这是Shapenmut木乃伊，那么Shapenmut是何许人也,后面的定语从句告诉我们，who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes 曾在Thebes神殿做过歌手的Shapenmut的木乃X-Ray plates X光片子taken of the mummy, taken是 take的过去分词，整个过去分词短语作定语修饰X-ray plates，给木乃伊拍摄的X 光片。

Lesson 77 A successful operation一例成功的手术【Text】The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.【课文翻译】死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。

Lessons 77新概念英语第二册课后答案详解 新概念英语第二册第77课重点词汇学习 Word study B.C.与A.D. B.C.为Before Christ(公元前)的缩写，A.D.表示anno Domini (=in the year of the Lord或 since Christ was born),即"公元"。

A.D.用来与B.C.形成对比，出现在正式的史书中，平时一般 不用。

B.C.位于年代之后，A.D.在英国英语中位于年代之前： The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。

The Romans invaded England in 55 B.C. 公元前55年罗马人入侵了英格兰。

George I died in A.D. 1727.　乔治一世死于公元1727年。

skin,leather与complexion skin可用于指人体的"皮肤"，也能够指某人是什么颜色的皮肤。

用于表示后一种意义时它与complexion(肤色)能够互换： Hard resin covered the skin.　皮肤上覆盖着一层硬硬的树脂。

We are wet to the skin.　我们全身湿透了。

He has a dark skin/complexion.　他皮肤黝黑。

leather指"皮革"： Shoes made of real leather have become very expensive.　真皮做的鞋子现在非常贵。

This sofa is made from real leather.　这沙发是真皮的。

wax与candle wax指各种"蜡"，为不可数名词;candle指"蜡烛"，为可数名词： Inside every mummy there is a small wax figure.　每个木乃伊体内都有一个蜡制的小塑像。

新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson76、77、78】【课文】First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What was the joke?'To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer, 'we're going over to the macaronifields of Calabria. Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks. The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains. On the right, you can see Mrs. Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now. Mrs. Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest： the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition! Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991. And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April lst.We're now going back to the studio.'【课文翻译】“作为我们专题新闻节目的结尾，”电视广播员说，“我们现在到克拉布利亚的通心粉田里。

（完整版）新概念英语第二册笔记_第77课（可编辑修改word版）Lesson 77 A successful operation 一例成功的手术【Text】The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.【课文翻译】死于公元前800 年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。

a successful operation 一例成功的手术Lesson 774-21-2014 New words and expressionsmummy n木乃伊Egyptian adj埃及的temple n庙mark n斑点plate n（照片）底片disease n疾病last v持续prove v显示出resin n树脂skin n皮，皮肤section n切片figure n（人的）体形，人像normally adv通常地survive v幸免于mummy1n（儿语）妈妈（英语）mummies(复数）mommy (美) 2n木乃伊Egyptian adj埃及的Egypt n埃及（国名）Cairo开罗（埃及首都）Egyptian n埃及人temple n1庙，寺院the Shaolin temple少林寺2（古希腊，罗马，埃及的）神殿a Greek temple希腊神殿3殿堂the temple of art艺术的殿堂4太阳穴mark1n斑点，瑕疵eg He wet feet left marks on the floor. T他湿淋淋的脚在地板上留下印迹。

2记号，符号make a mark做记号make marks on the wall with a chalk 用粉笔在墙上做记号punctuation marks标点符号3分数，得分grade（美）school marks学校的成绩get good marks in English英语的成绩很高gain high marks in maths数学考试取得好成绩eg On your marks! Get set! Go ! (跑步时的口令）各就各位，预备！起（跑）！4v做记号于…, 留下痕迹于…, 弄脏eg She marked the improtant words with a red pencil. 她用红笔把重要的词汇做了标记。

课堂笔记（一）1) A.D. 应该写在年数之前, B.C. 应该写在年数之后, 如: from 300 B.C. to A.D. 400 由公元前三百年到公元四百年B.C.为Before Chris（t 公元前）的缩写，A.D.表示anno Domini (=in the yearof the Lord 或 since Christ was born),即“公元”。

A.D.用来与B.C.形成对比，出现在正式的史书中，平时一般不用。

2) operationgive an operation on sb 给某人做手术have an operation (on sb) 动手术operation on sb. for sth.operation to do sth.be in operationcome into operation生效，起作用bring into operation 实施;使生效When does the plan come into operation?这项计划什么时候实施？Is this rule in operation yet?这条规定生效了吗？3）The mummy is that of Shepenmutthat 用以指代前面的 the mummy，以避免重复。

在指代特指的事物时，尤其是在比较状语从句中，常用that 和those 指代前面提到的事物：The cost of living here is lower than that in London.这里的生活费用比伦敦的要低。

that of 和those of 一般用于较正式的文体中：The area of the USA is larger than that of Britai n.美国的面积比英国的大。

Tom's pen is better than that of the other boys.汤姆的笔比其他男孩的要好。

新概念二77课课文摘要：一、课文概述二、课文重点词汇和语法解析三、实用口语表达四、练习与拓展正文：一、课文概述新概念英语第二册第77课（Lesson 77）的课文主题为“A traffic accident”。

本文讲述了一位出租车司机在交通高峰期遭遇了一起交通事故，并通过电话向警察报警的过程。

课文通过这段对话，让我们了解了事故现场的情况以及报警的正确步骤。

二、课文重点词汇和语法解析1.重点词汇（1）traffic accident：交通事故（2）happen：发生（3）right side：右侧（4）driver：司机（5）passenger：乘客（6）police：警察（7）emergency：紧急情况（8）call：打电话（9）accident report：事故报告2.语法解析本文主要涉及到一般现在时、一般过去时和现在进行时的用法。

（1）一般现在时：用于描述事实、习惯或一般情况，如“I drive a taxi.”（我开出租车。

）（2）一般过去时：用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，如“An accident happened.”（发生了一起事故。

）（3）现在进行时：用于描述现在正在进行的动作，如“I"m calling the police.”（我正在打电话给警察。

）三、实用口语表达1.描述交通事故：- What happened?（发生了什么？）- There was a traffic accident./An accident happened./A car accident occurred.（发生了一起交通事故。

）2.报警：- I"d like to report an accident./I want to report an accident./I"m calling to report an accident.（我想报警。

）- What"s the address?（地址是什么？）- The accident happened at...（事故发生在……）- What"s the vehicle"s make and model?（车辆的品牌和型号是什么？）- Were there any injuries?（有人受伤吗？）四、练习与拓展1.根据课文内容，模拟报警电话对话。

【导语】新概念英语作为家喻户晓的经典之作，它有着全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容及其全⾯的技能训练，为⼴⼤的英语学习者提供帮助！如果你也想学好英语，⼜怎能错过新概念英语？下⾯为您提供了相关内容，希望对您有所帮助！ 课⽂详注 Further notes on the text 1. The mummy is that of Shepenmut…这是……赛潘姆特的⽊乃伊。

that⽤以指代前⾯的 the mummy，以避免重复。

在指代特指的事物时，尤其是在⽐较状语从句中，常⽤that和those指代前⾯提到的事物： The cost of living here is lower than that in London. 这⾥的⽣活费⽤⽐伦敦的要低。

that of和those of⼀般⽤于较正式的⽂体中： The area of the USA is larger than that of Britain. 美国的⾯积⽐英国的⼤。

Tom's pen is better than that of the other boys. 汤姆的笔⽐其他男孩的要好。

课⽂中使⽤that of结构的原因之⼀是 Shepenmut需要后⾯跟⼀个补充说明她⾝份的关系从句。

2.die of,死于……，因……⽽死(后⾯跟名词)。

His grandfather died of a bad cold/died of hunger. 他爷爷死于重感冒/是饿死的。

3.The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be verydifficult…⼿术持续了4个多⼩时，⾮常难做…… (1)last表⽰“持续”、“延续”时为不及物动词，后⾯通常跟⼀个表⽰时间的名词/短语，for可有可⽆： The war between the two countries lasted (for) over three years/until1453. 这两个国家之间的战争持续了3年多/⼀直持续到1453年。

逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第77课一例成功的手术Lesson 77 A successful operation新概念英语2课文内容：The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.新概念英语2句子讲解：1、The murainy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。

沪江英语绿宝书之新概念277-80课知识点汇总一、词汇精讲lastv. 持续【常见用法】last for 保持；维持【例句】This good weather won’t last. 这样的好天气不会持续太久。

【常见用法】last+时间【例句】How long do you think this fine weather will last?你看这样的好天气能持续多久?【拓展记忆】adj. 最近的；最后的；最不可能的【例句】In the last resort we can always walk home.大不了我们走回家就是了。

provev. 显示出【常见用法】prove sb. wrong 证明某人错误sth./sb. prove to be sth. 某人某事被发现是；显示出是prove to be difficultprove to be usefulfiguren. 体形；人影；数字【常见用法】keep your figure 保持好身材【词组】double figures 两位数；a four figure number 四位数survivev. 幸免于【常见用法】survive sth. 幸免于survive sth. 熬过……，在……中存活下来【例句】Only two passengers survived the air-crash.这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。

【拓展记忆】survivor 幸存者entitlev. 授权；命名【常见用法】be entitled to do sth. 有权做某事【例句】She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree'.她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗。

【常见用法】sth. entitled ‘XXX’名为……的……【例句】The new book is entitled Love Story.这本新书名叫《爱情故事》。

Lesson 77 A successful operation一例成功的手术【Text】The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.【课文翻译】死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。

新概念英语第二册习惯用语总结：Lesson 77 1.fall v. 跌倒；摔倒；失势；下降fall over oneself 全力，竭尽所能例句：He fell over himself and did an excellent job on the presentation.他全力以赴，发言做得很棒。

fall into...分成(can be divided into several parts)例句：1.All the environmental problems fall into three categories.所有环境问题可分为三类。

2.The development of English language fall into three reasonably distant periods.英语语言的发展能够分为三个不同的时期。

boratory n. 实验室；研究室laboratory assistant实验室助理例句：The laboratory assistant swept off the broken glass．实验室助理员把碎玻璃打扫走了。

3.mark n. 1．标记2．分数，斑点 n. 1．记分 2．作标记mark (grade, score) the papers 阅卷，判卷(to givemark/grade/score to the papers)A：Did you say that your teaching assistant would mark the exam papers?你是说由你的助教来判卷吗？B：No. I said that he would collect the papers. I'll grade them myself.不，我是说他收卷，我将亲自判卷。

4.section n. 一块；一都分editorial section （报纸的）社论版A：Would you pass me the sports section, please?你能不能把体育版给我？B：Sure, if you pass me the classified ads and editorial section.当然，那你把分类广告版和社论版给我。