Adaptive soft sensor modeling framework
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Wavefront Sensing and Adaptive Optics自从人类开始观测天空以来,我们一直在努力寻找更好的方法来提高望远镜的性能,以便更清晰地观察宇宙中的奇妙景象。
在这个过程中,波前感知和自适应光学技术成为了一个重要的突破。
波前感知是一种用于测量光波传播中的畸变的技术。
当光波通过大气层时,会受到大气湍流的影响,导致光波的形状发生扭曲。
这种扭曲会降低望远镜的分辨率和图像质量。
波前感知技术通过使用传感器来测量光波的形状变化,并将这些信息传递给自适应光学系统,来纠正光波的畸变。
自适应光学是一种根据波前感知的信息来实时调整望远镜的光学元件的技术。
它使用一种叫做变形镜的设备来纠正光波的畸变。
变形镜是由许多微小的可调节镜片组成的,这些镜片可以根据波前感知的数据来微调其形状,以便纠正光波的畸变。
通过不断地调整变形镜的形状,自适应光学系统可以实时地纠正光波的畸变,从而提高望远镜的分辨率和图像质量。
波前感知和自适应光学技术的应用非常广泛。
它们被广泛应用于天文学领域,以提高望远镜的观测性能。
通过使用波前感知和自适应光学技术,天文学家们能够观测到更细节丰富的天体图像,例如行星表面的细微结构、恒星的变化和星系的形态。
这些观测结果对于理解宇宙的演化和了解宇宙中的各种物理过程非常重要。
除了天文学领域,波前感知和自适应光学技术还被应用于其他领域,如医学成像、激光通信和材料加工等。
在医学成像中,波前感知和自适应光学技术可以提高医学影像的分辨率,从而帮助医生更准确地诊断疾病。
在激光通信中,这些技术可以提高光信号的传输质量和距离。
在材料加工中,波前感知和自适应光学技术可以提高激光加工的精度和效率。
尽管波前感知和自适应光学技术在许多领域都取得了巨大的成功,但它们仍然面临一些挑战和限制。
首先,波前感知需要高精度的传感器来测量光波的形状变化,这对于一些应用来说可能是昂贵的。
其次,自适应光学系统需要高速的计算和控制系统来实时调整变形镜的形状,这对于一些实时性要求很高的应用来说可能是困难的。
Key FeaturesWorld’s smallest lightest interchangeable lens full-frame camera 1Sony’s Exmor image sensor takes full advantage of the Full-frame format, but in a camera body less than half the size and weight of a full-frame DSLR.Full Frame 24.3 MP resolution with 14-bit RAW outputA whole new world of high-quality images are realized through the 24.3 MP effective 35 mm full-frame sensor, a normal sensor range of ISO 100 – 25600, and a sophisticated balance of high resolving power, gradation and low noise. The BIONZ ® X image processor enables up to 5 fps high-speed continuous shooting and 14-bit RAW image data recording.Fast Hybrid AF w/ phase-detection for DSLR-like focusing speedEnhanced Fast Hybrid auto focus combines speedy phase-detection AF with highly accurate contrast-detection AF , which has been accelerated through a new Spatial Object Detection algorithm, to achieve among the fastest autofocusing performance of any full-frame camera. First, phase-detection AF with 117 densely placed phase-detection AF points 3 swiftly and efficiently moves the lens to bring the subject nearly into focus. Then contrast-detection AF with wide AF coverage fine-tunes the focusing in the blink of an eye.Fast Intelligent AF for responsive, accurate, and greater operability with full frame sensorThe high-speed image processing engine and improved algorithms combine with optimized image sensor read-out speed to achieve ultra high-speed AF despite the use of a full-frame sensor.New Eye AF controlEven when capturing a subject partially turned away from the camera with a shallow depth of field, the face will be sharply focused thanks to extremely accurate eye detection that can prioritize a single pupil. A green frame appears over the prioritized eye when focus has been achieved for easy confirmation. Eye AF can be used when the function is assigned to a customizable button, allowing users to instantly activate it depending on the scene.Fully compatible with Sony’s E-mount lens system and new full-frame lensesTo take advantage of the lightweight on-the-go body, the α7 is fully compatible with Sony’s E-mount lens system and expanded line of E-mount compact and lightweight full-frame lenses from Carl Zeiss and Sony’s premier G-series.Direct access interface for fast, intuitive shooting controlQuick Navi Pro displays all major shooting options on the LCD screen so you can rapidly confirm settings and make adjustments as desired without searching through dedicated menus. When fleeting shooting opportunities arise, you’ll be able to respond swiftly with just the right settings.High contrast 2.4M dot OLED EVF for eye-level framingView every scene in rich detail with the XGA OLED Tru-Finder, which features OLED improvements and the same 3-lens optical system used in the flagship α99. The viewfinder faithfully displays what will appear in your recording, including the effects of your camera settings, so you can accurately monitor the results. You’ll enjoy rich tonal gradations and 3 times the contrast of the α99. High-end features like 100% frame coverage and a wide viewing angle are also provided.3.0" 921K dot LCD tilts for high and low angle framingThe tiltable 3.0” (921k dots) Xtra Fine™ LCD Display makes it easy to photograph over crowds or low to capture pets eye to eye by swinging up approx. 84° and down approx. 45°. Easily scroll through menus and preview life thanks to WhiteMagic™ technology that dramatically increases visibility in bright daylight. The large display delivers brilliant-quality still images and movies while enabling easy focusing operation.Simple connectivity to smartphones via Wi-Fi ® or NFCILCE-7/B α7 (Alpha 7) Interchangeable Lens Camera No other full frame, interchangeable-lens camera is this light or this portable. 24.3 MP of rich detail. A true-to-life 2.4 million dot OLED viewfinder. Wi-Fi ® sharing and an expandable shoe system. It’s all the full-frame performance you ever wanted in a compact size that will change your perspective entirely.Connectivity with smartphones for One-touch sharing/One-touch remote has been simplified with Wi-Fi®/NFC control. In addition to Wi-Fi support for connecting to smartphones, the α7 also supports NFC (near field communication) providing “one touch connection” convenience when transferring images to Android™ smartphones and tablets. Users need only touch devices to connect; no complex set-up is required. Moreover, when using Smart Remote Control — a feature that allows shutter release to be controlled by a smartphone — connection to the smartphone can be established by simply touching compatible devices.PC control w/ remote video capture controlRemote Camera Control allows you to control your α7 from your PC using a USB cable. Feature control has also been updated to include video capture control.14-bit RAW output for rich tonal gradation14-bit RAW image data of extremely high quality is outputted by the α7. This data fully preserves the rich detail generated by the image sensor during the 14-bit A/D conversion process. When developed with Sony’s Image Data Converter RAW development software, these images deliver the superb photographic expression and rich gradation that only 14-bit data can offer.New BIONZ® X image processing engineSony proudly introduces the new BIONZ® X image processing engine, which faithfully reproduces textures and details in real time, as seen by the naked eye, via extra high-speed processing capabilities. Together with front-end LSI (large scale integration) that accelerates processing in the earliest stages, it enables more natural details, more realistic images, richer tonal gradations and lower noise whether you shoot still images or movies.Full HD movie2 at 24p/60i/60p w/uncompressed HDMI® outputCapture Full 1920 x 1080 HD uncompressed clean-screen video files to external recording devices via an HDMI®connection in 60p and 60i frame-rates. Selectable in-camera A VCHD™ codec frames rates include super-smooth 60p, standard 60i or cinematic 24p. MP4 codec is also available for smaller files for easier upload to the web.Up to 5 fps shooting to capture the decisive momentWhen your subject is moving fast, you can capture the decisive moment with clarity and precision by shooting at speeds up to 5 frames per second. New faster, more accurate AF tracking, made possible by Fast Hybrid AF, uses powerful predictive algorithms and subject recognition technology to track every move with greater speed and precision.Multi-interface Shoe for flash and microphone flexibilityUnlike conventional cameras, the α7 features the advanced Multi-Interface Shoe that dramatically expands compatibility with Sony digital imaging accessories, thus raising the potential for photo/movie shooting.4K Still image output by HDMI® or WiFi® for viewing on 4K TVs8Enjoy Ultra High Definition slide shows directly from the camera to a compatible 4K television. The α7 converts images for optimized 4K image size playback (8MP). Enjoy expressive rich colors and amazing detail like never before. Images can be viewed via an optional HDMI® or WiFi®.TRILUMINOUS™ color outputs wider color gamut to compatible devicesTRILUMINOS™ Color technology, allows you to experience photos and movies in rich, natural colors on any TV equipped with a TRILUMINOS Display™. The expanded color gamut immerses you in those unforgettably colorful moments, from the complex shades in a shimmering blue sky to the delicate skin in a baby’s face.PlayMemories™ Camera Apps allows feature upgradesPersonalize your camera by adding new features of your choice with PlayMemories™ Camera Apps. Find apps to fit your shooting style from portraits, detailed close-ups, sports, time lapse, motion shot and much more. Use apps that shoot, share and save photos using Wi-Fi that make it easy to control and view your camera from smartphone, and post photos directly to Facebook or backup images to the cloud without connecting to a computer.11Image Data ConverterAdvanced features enable manipulation, conversion and management of full-resolution RAW images. You can expertly adjust exposure, white balance, tonal curves, saturation, contrast, hue and sharpness — as well as apply DRO and vignetting compensation. Bundled Remote Camera Control software also lets you remotely activate and deactivate still/ movie recording and control various camera settings from a PC.Vertical Grip CapableEnjoy long hours of comfortable operation in the vertical orientation with this sure vertical grip, which can hold two batteries for longer shooting and features dust and moisture protection.Mount AdaptorsMount any A-mount lens to the α7R with either the LA-EA3 or EA4 35mm full-frame compatible adaptors. The LA-EA4 additionally features a built-in AF motor, aperture-drive mechanism and Translucent Mirror Technology to enable continuous phase-detection AF. Both adaptors also feature a tripod hole that allows mounting of a tripod to support large A-mount lenses.Specifications1. Among interchangeable-lens cameras with an full frame sensor as of October 20132. Records in up to 29 minute segments.3. 99 points when an APS-C lens compatible with Fast Hybrid AF is mounted.7. Actual performance varies based on settings, environmental conditions, and usage. Battery capacity decreases over time and use.8. Requires compatible BRA VIA HDTV and cable sold separately.9. Auto Focus function available with Sony E-Mount lenses and Sony A-mount SSM and SAM series lenses when using LA-EA4 lens adaptor.。
遥感影像语义理解基于⾃适应深度稀疏语义建模的⾼分辨率遥感影像场景分类:为了挖掘⾼分辨率遥感场景更具区分性的语义信息,提出了⼀种将稀疏主题和深层特征⾃适应相融合的深度稀疏语义建模(ADSSM)框架。
⾸先,为了从影像中发现本质底层特征,ADSSM框架集成了基于中层的稀疏主题模型FSTM和基于⾼层的卷积神经⽹络CNN。
基于稀疏主题和深度特征视觉信息的互补性,设计了三种异质性稀疏主题和深度场景特征来描述⾼分辨率遥感影像的复杂的⼏何结构和空间模式。
其中, FSTM可以从影像中获取局部和显著性信息,⽽CNN则更多关注的是全局和细节信息。
稀疏主题和深度特征的集成为⾼分辨率遥感场景提供了多层次的特征描述。
其次,为了改善稀疏主题和深度特征的融合,针对稀疏主题和深度特征之间的差异性,提出了⼀种⾃适应特征标准化策略。
在ADSSM中,挖掘的稀疏主题和深度特征各⾃进⾏⾃适应的标准化,以增强代表性特征的重要性。
基于⾃适应融合特征的表达,ADSSM框架可以减少复杂场景的混淆。
ADSSM框架在UCM、Google、NWPU-RESISC45以及OSRSI20四个数据集上的结果表明提出的⽅法相较于⽬前公认的⾼精度场景分类⽅法来说有了较⼤的提升。
资源共享1.公开数据集(1)SIRI-WHU ⾕歌影像数据集 (The Google image dataset of SIRI-WHU, 更新⽇期:2019.12.10).该数据集包括12个类别,主要⽤于科研⽤途。
以下各个类别中均包含200幅影像:农场、商业区、港⼝、闲置⽤地、⼯业区、草地、⽴交桥、停车场、池塘、居民区、河流、⽔体每⼀幅影像⼤⼩为200*200,空间分辨率为2⽶。
该数据集获取⾃⾕歌地球,由武汉⼤学RS-IDEA研究组(SIRI-WHU)搜集制作,主要覆盖了中国的城市地区。
当您发表的结果中⽤到了该数据集,请引⽤以下⽂献:[1]Q. Zhu, Y. Zhong, L. Zhang, and D. Li, "Adaptive Deep Sparse Semantic Modeling Framework for High Spatial Resolution Image Scene Classification," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2018, 56(10): 6180-6195. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2018.2833293.[2]Q. Zhu, Y. Zhong, B. Zhao, G.-S. Xia, and L. Zhang, "Bag-of-Visual-Words Scene Classifier with Local and Global Features for High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery," IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2016, 13(6): 747-751. DOI:10.1109/LGRS.2015.2513443 2016.(2)SIRI-WHU USGS标注影像数据集 (The USGS image dataset of SIRI-WHU, 更新⽇期:2019.12.10).该数据集包括4个场景类别:农场、森林、居民区、停车场,其主要⽤于科研⽤途。
双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器和仿真方法1概述双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器是一种用于研究人类视觉系统的设备。
它可以模拟各种复杂的光学环境,以及测量和解析人眼的反应。
双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器已被广泛应用于眼科、计算机图形学、人机交互等领域。
本文将介绍双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器的结构、工作原理以及仿真方法。
2结构双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器由多个部分组成,包括光学系统、视网膜成像系统、视网膜刺激系统和控制系统。
光学系统包括光源、光学透镜、分光镜、反射镜等。
视网膜成像系统由一个多通道自适应光学透镜组成,可以实时调整形变以获得更好的成像质量。
视网膜刺激系统包括多个激光二极管和开关以及空间光调制器。
控制系统负责控制整个仿真器的运行,包括光学系统、视网膜成像系统和刺激系统的运行。
3工作原理双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器的工作原理基于人类视网膜的成像和刺激机制。
首先,仿真器通过光学系统将光线经过透镜、分光镜等组件分别投射到眼睛中。
视网膜成像系统通过自适应光学透镜实时调整形变以得到更好的成像质量。
然后,刺激系统模拟各种光学环境和场景,并通过调节激光二极管和空间光调制器来刺激视网膜。
双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器可以根据被试者的视力状况进行个性化调整。
仿真器通过测量被试者的瞳孔大小、屈光度等信息,应用反馈控制算法实现了眼的自适应机制。
即,仿真器会自动调整光线聚焦点的位置和形态,让视网膜各处接收到的光线相互匹配,达到最佳视觉效果。
4仿真方法双眼自适应光学视觉仿真器可以仿真多种视觉场景,包括正常视觉、色盲、失明、白内障等。
下面介绍几种常见的仿真方法。
4.1视网膜区域刺激视网膜区域刺激是指通过刺激视网膜不同区域来研究人眼的响应。
刺激系统可以根据不同的实验要求快速地调整刺激位置、大小和强度等参数,以探究视网膜对光线的感知和处理能力。
4.2色彩咨询色彩咨询是通过调节刺激系统的光谱成分模拟不同的光源和光照场景,来研究颜色视觉的特性。
同时,仿真器还可以模拟正常、色盲以及色弱等人的颜色感知差异,帮助研究人员深入理解不同视力状况下的人类视觉系统。
DS-2DF4220-DX(S6/316L)2 MP Explosion-proof Network Speed DomeATEx:II 2 G Ex db IIC T6 GbII 2 D Ex tb IIIC T80°C Db IECEx:Ex db IIC T6 Gb Ex tb IIIC T80°C Db⏹316L stainless steel⏹Supports H.265 video compression⏹Certificate No.: ATEX: SEV 20 ATEX 0415 X; IECEx: IECEx NEP 20.0018X ⏹20 × optical zoom, focal length 4.8 mm to 96 mm⏹ 2 MP 1/2.8" progressive scan CMOS⏹120 dB WDR, 3D DNR⏹High quality imaging with high-perfomance sensor⏹DORIThe DORI (detect, observe, recognize, identify) distance gives the general idea of the camera ability to distinguish persons or objects within its field of view. It is calculated based on the camera sensor specification and the criteria given by EN 62676-4: 2015.DORI Detect Observe Recognize IdentifyDefinition25 px/m63 px/m125 px/m250 px/mDefinition1280 m (4198.4 ft)507.9 m (1665.9 ft)256 m (839.68 ft)128 m (419.84 ft)⏹SpecificationCameraImage Sensor 1/2.8" progressive scan CMOSMin. Illumination color: 0.005Lux @ (F1.6, AGC ON) B/W: 0.001Lux @ (F1.6, AGC ON)Shutter Speed 1/1 s to 1/30000 sSlow Shutter yesDay & Night ICRDay/Night Switch autoBLC yesWDR 120dB WDRHLC yesFocus semi-auto, manual, auto3D DNR yesDefog yesRegional Exposure yesRegional Focus yesImage Settings saturation, brightness, contrast, sharpnessImage Parameters Switch yesWhite Balance auto, ATW, sodium lamp, fluorescent lamp, indoor, outdoor, MWB, Locked WB Digital Zoom 16 ×Optical Zoom 20 ×Privacy Mask up to 24 masksSNR >52dBGeneral Function mirror, password protection, watermark, IP address filterGain Control auto, manualLensFocal Length 4.8 mm to 96 mm, 20 × opticalZoom Speed approx.2.9 sFOV Horizontal field of view: 57.6° to 3.4° (wide-tele), Vertical field of view: 34.4° to 2° (wide-tele), Diagonal field of view: 64.5° to 3.9° (wide-tele)Aperture F1.6PTZMovement Range (Pan) 360° endless Movement Range (Tilt) 0° to 90° (Auto Flip)Pan Speed Configurable, from 0.1°/s to 160°/s, preset speed: 160°/s Tilt Speed Configurable, from 0.1°/s to 120°/s, Preset Speed: 120°/s Proportional Zoom yesPresets 300Patrol Scan 8 patrols, up to 32 presets for each patrolPattern Scan 4 pattern scans, record time over 10 minutes for each scan Power-off Memory yesPark Action Preset/Pattern Scan/Patrol Scan/Auto Scan/Tilt Scan/Random Scan/Frame Scan/Panorama Scan3D Positioning yes PTZ Status Display yes Preset Freezing yesScheduled Task preset,pattern scan,patrol scan,auto scan,tilt scan,random scan,frame scan,panorama scan,dome reboot,dome adjust,aux outputException Detection IP address conflict, HDD full, illegal login, HDD error, network disconnected VideoMax. Resolution 1920 × 1080Stream Type main stream, sub-stream, third streamMain Stream 50 Hz: 25 fps (1920 × 1080, 1280 × 960, 1280 × 720) 60 Hz: 30 fps (1920 × 1080, 1280 × 960, 1280 × 720)Sub-Stream 50 Hz: 25 fps (704 × 576, 640 × 480, 352 × 288) 60 Hz: 30 fps (704 × 480, 640 × 480, 352 × 240)Third Stream 50 Hz: 25 fps (1920 × 1080, 1280 × 960, 1280 × 720, 704 × 576, 640 × 480, 352 × 288) 60 Hz: 30 fps (1920 × 1080, 1280 × 960, 1280 × 720, 704 × 480, 640 × 480, 352 × 240)Video Bit Rate 32 kbps to 16384 kbpsH.264 Type baseline profile, main profile, high profileH.265 Type main profileH.264+ yesH.265+ yesSVC yesROI yesSmart FeaturesBasic Event motion detection, video tampering alarm, alarm input, alarm output, exceptionSmart Event intrusion detection, line crossing detection, region entrance detection, region exiting detection, unattended baggage detection, object removal detection,face detectionAlarm Linkage Alarm actions, such as Preset, Patrol Scan, Pattern Scan, Memory Card Video Record, Trigger Recording, Notify Surveillance Center, Upload to FTP/Memory Card/NAS, Send Email, etc.Smart Encoding H.265+, H.264+, low bit rate, ROI, SVC Smart Tracking manual tracking, panorama tracking Smart Record ANR, Dual-VCANetworkNetwork Storage NAS (NFS, SMB/ CIFS), ANRProtocols IPv4/IPv6, HTTP, HTTPS, 802.1x, Qos, FTP, SMTP, UPnP, SNMP, DNS, DDNS, NTP, RTSP, RTCP, RTP, TCP/IP, UDP, IGMP, ICMP, DHCP, PPPoE, Bonjour, Websocket, WebsocketsAPI Open-ended API, ISAPI,Hikvision SDK,Third-party management platform,Open Network Video InterfaceSimultaneous Live View Up to 20 channelsUser/Host Up to 32 users. 3 levels: Administrator, Operator and UserSecurity Measures User authentication (ID and PW), Host authentication (MAC address); HTTPS encryption; IEEE 802.1x port-based network access control; IP address filteringClient iVMS-4200, iVMS-4500, iVMS-5200, Hik-ConnectWeb Browser IE11, Chrome 57.0+, Firefox 52.0+, Safari 11+InterfaceOn-board Storage support microSD/microSDHC/microSDXC cards, up to 256 GB Communication Interface RJ45, self-adaptive 10M/100M Ethernet portAlarm Input 1 alarm inputAlarm Output 1 alarm outputGeneralDimensions 264.2 mm × Φ184 mm (10.4" × Φ7.2")Demist yesCertificate No. IECEx: IECEx NEP 20.0018X ATEX: SEV 20 ATEX 0415 XPower DC9 V to 12 V, Max. 7 W; PoEOperating Conditions Temperature: -30°C to 60°C (-22°F to 140°F), Humidity: ≤ 95% Material SUS316L stainless steel with anti-corrosion surface spray treatment Weight Approx. 8 kg (17.64 lb.)Ex-mark ATEX: Ex II 2GD Ex db IIC T6 Gb /Ex tb IIIC T80℃Db IECEx: Ex db IIC T6 Gb /Ex tb IIIC T80℃DbApprovalEMC FCC (47 CFR Part 15, Subpart B);CE-EMC (EN 55032: 2015, EN 61000-3-2: 2019, EN 61000-3-3: 2013+A1:2019, EN 50130-4: 2011 +A1: 2014);RCM (AS/NZS CISPR 32: 2015);IC (ICES-003: Issue 7);KC (KN 32: 2015, KN 35: 2015)Safety UL (UL 62368-1);CB (IEC 62368-1:2014+A11);CE-LVD (EN 62368-1:2014/A11:2017);BIS (IS 13252(Part 1):2010/ IEC 60950-1 : 2005)Protection IP68, TVS 6000V Lightning Protection, Surge Protection and Voltage Transient ProtectionAvailable Model DS-2DF4220-DX(S6/316L)⏹⏹Dimension⏹Accessory⏹IncludedDS-1772ZJ-ED2-AC⏹Typical ApplicationHikvision products are classified into three levels according to their anti-corrosion performance. Refer to the following description to choose for your using environment.This model has TOP-LEVEL PROTECTION.LevelDescriptionTop-level protectionHikvision products at this level are equipped for use in areas where professional anti-corrosion protection is a must. Typical application scenarios include coastlines, docks, chemical plants, and more.Moderate protectionHikvision products at this level are equipped for use in areas with moderate anti-corrosion demands. Typical application scenarios include coastal areas about 2 kilometers (1.24 miles) away from coastlines, as well as areas affected by acid rain.No specific protectionHikvision products at this level are equipped for use in areas where no specific anti-corrosion protection is needed.⏹OptionalDS-2780ZJ-X/316L(OS) DS-2781ZJ-X/316L(OS)DS-1677ZJ-XS-1.0(DY)。
收稿日期:2023-12-27基金项目:国家自然科学基金国际合作重点项目(62120106005);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(62303259);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M711825)引用格式:郑文栋,刘华平,孙富春.面向ERT大面积触觉传感的自适应优化成像方法[J].测控技术,2024,43(4):21-28.ZHENGWD,LIUHP,SUNFC.AdaptiveOptimalImagingMethodforLarge AreaTactileSensinginERT[J].Measurement&ControlTechnology,2024,43(4):21-28.面向ERT大面积触觉传感的自适应优化成像方法郑文栋,刘华平,孙富春(清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京 100084)摘要:在动态的非结构化环境中,有效地感知物理接触对于智能机器人安全交互至关重要。
为了能够检测各种潜在的物理交互,需要在机器人表面部署大面积触觉传感器。
目前,现有的大面积触觉传感器主要是通过传感阵列方式实现的,但是大规模部署传感元件在实际应用中存在巨大挑战。
电阻层析成像(ElectricalResistanceTomography,ERT)技术作为一种连续传感方式,有望克服传统触觉传感阵列的一些限制。
为此,利用ERT设计了一款新型的大面积触觉传感器。
在此基础上,提出了一种基于自适应感兴趣区(RegionofInterest,ROI)的图像重构算法,将图像重构限制在交互区域内,以提高传感器的空间分辨率。
为了验证提出成像算法的有效性,通过仿真与物理实验对其进行了全面评估。
实验验证了该算法可以有效提高触觉传感器在交互区域的空间分辨率,使其具有较高的测量精度。
实验结果表明,该传感器的平均定位误差为0.823cm,能够准确地识别8种不同交互模式,其精度高达98 6%。
这一研究工作表明,该传感器为机器人具身触觉传感的实现提供了一个新的解决方案。
adaptivethreshold 偏移量-回复什么是adaptivethreshold 偏移量(Adaptive Threshold Offset)?在计算机视觉和图像处理领域,自适应阈值(adaptive thresholding) 是一种常见的技术,用于将图像分割为背景和前景。
它基于每个像素周围的局部像素值计算一个适应性的阈值来决定像素属于背景还是前景。
这种方法在处理不同光照条件下的图像时非常有用,因为它能更好地适应不同区域的亮度变化。
而adaptivethreshold 偏移量(适应性阈值偏移量)是自适应阈值处理中的一个参数,它用于调整局部阈值。
具体而言,对于每个像素,自适应阈值将利用该像素周围邻域的像素值来计算局部阈值。
在此过程中,adaptivethreshold 偏移量起到了微调的作用,用于调整像素的划分结果。
自适应阈值算法有许多不同的变体。
其中一种常用的变体是基于加权邻域平均值的自适应阈值算法。
该算法计算每个像素周围邻域的平均像素值,并根据该平均值和adaptivethreshold 偏移量来判断该像素属于背景还是前景。
如果该像素值高于平均值加上偏移量,则将其视为前景;反之,则将其视为背景。
那么,如何选择适当的adaptivethreshold 偏移量?选择适当的adaptivethreshold 偏移量是一个关键的步骤,它直接影响到自适应阈值处理的结果。
一个合理的偏移量应该能够在准确分割图像的同时,保留足够的图像细节。
在实际应用中,选择适当的偏移量通常需要进行实验和调试。
一种常见的方法是基于视觉效果进行手动调整,观察不同偏移量下的分割结果,并选择最佳的效果。
这种方法虽然简单直观,但需要大量的人工实验和主观判断,不够自动化和准确。
另一种更为智能的方法是基于图像统计特征进行自动优化。
通过分析图像的统计信息,可以确定某个范围内的像素值分布情况,并根据这些信息选择适当的偏移量。
这种方法通常结合了数学模型和启发式算法,通过学习和迭代优化来确定最佳偏移量。
光学遥感器成像品质的主被动提升技术光学遥感器成像品质的主被动提升技术光学遥感技术是一种通过利用地球表面反射、辐射和回波等信息来获取地球表面信息的技术。
作为一种非接触式遥感技术,光学遥感器拥有被广泛应用于资源环境监测、城市规划、国土调查等领域。
然而,在实际应用中,光学遥感器的成像品质往往受到限制,如图像模糊、噪声干扰、光照不均等问题。
为了提高光学遥感器成像品质,本文介绍了当前主被动提升技术的应用和发展。
一、被动技术提升成像品质1.1 图像复原技术图像复原技术是利用图像处理技术对被污染的图像进行修复的方法。
通过滤波等算法,去除噪声干扰,恢复图像清晰度,提高图像质量。
其中,最常用的算法是维纳滤波算法,它可以在图像去噪的同时,保留图像细节。
同时,深度学习技术的应用也为图像复原提供了新的思路。
通过构建神经网络模型,实现从噪声图像中恢复原始图像的目标,具有很好的效果。
1.2 图像增强技术图像增强技术是指利用图像处理技术对亮度、对比度、色彩等因素进行调整,提高图像质量的方法。
其中,最常用的算法包括直方图均衡、伽玛校正等。
对于光照不均的图像,在图像增强过程中,可以采用多尺度分解、小波变换等技术进行处理,以提高图像的清晰度和准确性。
1.3 多角度信息融合技术多角度信息融合技术是指将多个角度的图像信息结合起来,得到更全面、更准确的地理信息的方法。
多角度信息融合技术分为静态和动态两类。
其中,静态多角度信息融合技术是指在图像处理之前将多个角度的图像信息融合成一个新的图像信息,然后再进行图像处理。
而动态多角度信息融合技术则是指将多个角度的图像信息同时进行图像处理,然后再融合成一个新的图像信息。
二、主动技术提升成像品质2.1 视角控制技术视角控制技术是指通过多姿态控制光学遥感器的视角,以获取不同的地表特征信息的方法。
在视角控制技术中,通常采用激光引导等技术实现视角控制,以便快速准确地获取目标区域的地表信息。
2.2 全息成像技术全息成像技术是一种高效的三维成像技术,它可以实现对目标区域表面的全方位成像。
基于人工智能的自适应光学成像算法研究自适应光学成像(Adaptive Optics Imaging)是一种利用人工智能(AI)技术实现高分辨率图像的新兴领域。
它结合光学、计算机科学、物理学和数学等多个领域的知识,实现了普通光学成像技术不能达到的高精确度、高清晰度和高分辨率,已成为现代天文学、生物学、医学等领域的重要工具。
本文将介绍自适应光学成像技术的基本原理、应用场景、相关技术和人工智能算法,并对它的未来发展进行探讨。
一、基本原理自适应光学成像技术基于自适应光学原理。
自适应光学技术是利用特定的透镜和控制系统,对光学波前在自由空间中传输过程中受到的扰动进行矫正,实现波前的高质量采集和成像的技术。
自适应光学成像系统中,首先光学波经过一块变形镜,通过精密控制变形镜的形状,以及调整反馈环节中的控制参数,以消除大气湍流或镜面形状对光波前的影响,使波前得以稳定地抵达探测器,从而保证成像质量的稳定和高精度。
此外,还需在成像系统中加入自适应光学元件,以实现波前的检测与反馈控制。
二、应用场景自适应光学成像技术主要应用于以下领域:1、天文观测天文观测中是一个需要处理湍流的重要领域,湍流会导致大气的折射率变化,从而对星体成像产生影响。
自适应光学成像技术可以在湍流环境下获得高分辨率的天文图像,对于提高测量精度和识别天体结构等方面有着重要的应用。
2、生物医学成像自适应光学成像技术在生物医学成像领域有着潜在的应用,如对活体细胞的高分辨率检测、对深层组织结构的成像等方面。
同时,自适应光学成像也可以提高激光眼科手术的精度,并避免激光误伤临近组织。
3、高速检测自适应光学成像技术还可以处理高速运动物体的图像分析,例如流体动力学、水下机器人等。
三、相关技术自适应光学的应用,还需要配合相应的光学、电子、计算机等多种技术实现。
其中,主要技术包括:1、变形镜技术变形镜技术是自适应光学成像技术中最核心的技术。
变形镜的前面通常会有传感器来探测出光波的相位信息,再通过控制变形镜的电极来使其形成相应的形状,从而在系统中自动地检测和修正波前失真。