句子翻译训练(二)(情态动词+非谓语动词+动词时态+虚拟语气+定语从句+强调句)
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非谓语翻译练习一、2个谓语并列→非谓语:(V1 and V2) →(V1,V2ing)或者(V1ing,V2)3个谓语并列→非谓语:(V1,V2 and V3)→(V1 and V2, V3ing)或者(V1ing,V2 and V3)或者(V1,V2ing and V3ing)1.我低下头,流下后悔的泪水①(并列句)②(非谓语)2.Ryan拍我的肩膀,告诉我忘记这件事情。
①(并列句)②(非谓语)3.她跪下来,轻轻地把女孩抱在怀里。
(kneel down 跪下来, hold sb in the arms 把某人抱在怀里,gently轻轻地)①(并列句)②(非谓语)4. 简爬上树,摘了一些浆果吃。
(climb up爬上,berry浆果)①(并列句)②(非谓语)5. 保罗打开车门,对马克喊道:“马上上我的车!”①(并列句)②(非谓语)6. 紧紧抱着Tom,Jane突然大哭起来。
(burst out crying=burst into tears突然大哭起来)②(非谓语)7.靠近这个小动物的时候,我感到十分紧张。
(approach靠近)①(并列句)②(非谓语)8.Tom咬紧牙,用着火般的眼睛怒视着Jackson。
(clench咬紧,glare at怒视着,burning eyes着火般的眼睛)①(并列句)②(非谓语)9.我们高兴地畅谈,享受家庭团聚的时刻。
(delightedly=pleasedly高兴地,family reunion家庭团聚)①(并列句)②(非谓语)10.母亲点点头, 低声说:“谢谢你!”(murmur低声说)①(并列句)②(非谓语)11.他拍拍我的头,问道:“你的名字是什么?” (pat sb on the head拍某人的头,inquire=enquire询问)①(并列句)②(非谓语)12.她对我微笑,说:“当然有圣诞老人。
(Santa Clause圣诞老人)①(并列句)13.他停下来,看到妻子正在哭泣。
虚拟语气和强调句讲解及练习虚拟语气虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,它用来表示所说的不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的一种假设。
虚拟语气考察的常常是习惯用法、特别的句型以及和情态动词的使用结合起来。
考点1 一般虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件状语从句中所表达动作或者状态是与事实不符,或是不可能实现的,纯粹是一种假设或者愿望而已。
这类句子主要是由if 引导的条件状语从句。
1. 与过去事实相反从句的谓语动词:Had done + 过去分词主句的谓语动词:should / would / could/ might have 过去分词If he had been here yesterday, he would have met T om.2 与现在事实相反从句的谓语动词:过去式(be 过去式常用were)主句的谓语动词:should / would / could/ might 动词原形If he were here, he would be angry.3 与将来的事实相反从句的谓语动词1)过去式(be 过去式常用were)2)should+动词原形3)were to +动词原形主句的谓语动词:should /would / could/ might have 过去分词If it were to rain tomorrow, we could not go out for a picnic.考点2 含蓄的虚拟条件句在句子中非真实情况没有直接表达出来,而是通过上下文等其他表达方式反映出来。
1. Without your help, I would not have succeeded.2. It is raining so heavily. Otherwise, we could go out to havea picnic.3. But for your help, I could not have finished the work on time.4. Alone, she would have been terrified.考点3 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用主要是从句中有表示建议、命令、要求的词如Propose, suggest, advise, order, insist, request等词以及这些词的名词。
毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校专题二情态动词和虚拟语气[课前体验领悟]完成句子1.It's surprising that such a gentleman should_be_so_rude (竟然那么无礼) to the old.2.—Tom must have lost his way, for he hasn't arrived yet.—No, he can't/couldn't_have_lost_his_way (一定没迷路). He has got a map with him.3.When she was a little girl, she would_sit_by_the_window (常坐在窗旁) every evening, deep in thought.4.After careful examination, Michel's doctor insisted that he was badly wounded and that he should_be_operated_on (做手术) at once.5.If the sun were to rise in the west, my love for youwould_not_change (不会变).[课堂考前讲练]情态动词的基本用法1.can 和could的用法(1)表示“能力,能够”。
—No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh, you are really his big fan.(2011·湖南高考)——在打篮球方面,无人能与姚明相媲美。
——你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。
(2)表示“许可”,此时can可以和may换用。
You can (may) go home now.你现在可以回家了。
各种高级句型定语从句、状语从句、强调句式、非谓语动词翻译练习你对这几个句型的理解和掌握了吗?除了用英语进行交流之外,如果你还有更多的句型要学,就可以多跟大家分享几个高级句型,包括定语从句、强调句式以及非谓语动词。
我在这里给你展示一些翻译过程中会遇到的问题:当一个句子中用“现在时”,一个句子中用“过去式”,而另一句中不采用现在时,我们可以做一个对比:如果你在两种情况下都使用了同一类的时间状语从句、定语从句和强调的从句。
一、这两个句子中,“现在时”在后,“过去式”在前。
如果你只看到“现在时”在后,而忽略了“过去式”在前,那是不对的,因为这会导致你错用了定语从句或强调从句。
比如,下面这个句子,可以看到,“目前状态”应该在后,而“过去式”应该在前;再比如,这两种情况下都用了“现在时”在后,那么对这个句子的正确翻译就应该是:“现在时:现在(或过去)过得好不好呢?她现在感觉怎么样?她现在过得开心?”因此,原文就应该是“现在时:到过什么地方,经历什么事情。
”而不应该是“她在什么地方”或者“经历过什么有趣的事情?!这些都不应该是原文中错用的句型。
同样地,如果你只看到“现在时:现在过得好不好呢?”这个句子就应该是:“现在过得很不错。
”那么你在翻译这句话时,需要用到哪些句型呢?二、同样,当一个句子中用“过去式”,另一句中不采用现在时,我觉得翻译过来是正确的,因为两者都是用“现在时”这个短语表达了某一时间范围内发生或正在发生某一事件或状态,并且以现在时间为主,而如果译成“过去式”,我们可以发现翻译出来只有“现在时”这个短语。
这个例子中,“现在式”的意思是表示正在发生、即将发生的事件或状态。
而“过去式”则是表示正在进行过程中的某个事件,而“过去式”一般不被用来做状语从句或强调句式。
这种情况下,两个错误会同时发生,因此我觉得不应该只选择一个。
那当我们把问题放到上面这个例子来看,你就会发现上面两种情况都使用了同一类的时间状语从句。
高中从句练习题及讲解及解析### 高中从句练习题及讲解#### 练习题1. 名词性从句:请将下列句子翻译成英文,并指出其中的名词性从句。
- 他决定去旅行,这让他的父母非常高兴。
2. 定语从句:找出下列句子中的定语从句,并说明它修饰的先行词。
- 那个在图书馆工作的女孩是我的同学。
3. 状语从句:将下列中文句子翻译成英文,并指出其中的状语从句。
- 只要天气好,我们就去野餐。
4. 虚拟语气:请将下列句子翻译成英文,并解释虚拟语气的使用。
- 如果我有时间,我会去学习新的技能。
5. 强调句:将下列句子翻译成英文,并指出强调的部分。
- 正是他,而不是别人,完成了这项艰巨的任务。
#### 讲解1. 名词性从句:名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
在第1题中,"他决定去旅行"是主语从句,"这让他的父母非常高兴"是表语从句。
2. 定语从句:定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
在第2题中,"那个在图书馆工作的女孩"是先行词,"在图书馆工作"是定语从句。
3. 状语从句:状语从句用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,表示时间、原因、条件等。
在第3题中,"只要天气好"是条件状语从句。
4. 虚拟语气:虚拟语气用来表达假想、愿望或不太可能发生的情况。
在第4题中,"如果我有时间"是一个条件状语从句,表示一个假想的条件。
5. 强调句:强调句通过倒装、某些特定结构或某些词的使用来突出句子中的某个部分。
在第5题中,"正是"用来强调"他"。
#### 解析1. 名词性从句:He decided to travel, which made his parents very happy. "He decided to travel" 是主语从句,"which madehis parents very happy" 是表语从句。
非谓语动词非谓语动词的种类:不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)、现在分词(doing)、过去分词(V-ed)不定式:表将来、表目的1. 表示将要发生的动作或即将要做的事。
即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。
如:I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。
I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。
2.表示同时发生的动作,即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。
如:Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的?(say 与heard 几乎同时发生)3.表示一般情况,即看不出动作的先后关系,而是表示一种情况或现象。
如:Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。
None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。
不定式省略to的基本规律一、使役动词后省略to的情况在let, make, have 等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
如:My mother wouldn’t let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。
I don't like milk, but mother made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶,可是母亲强迫我喝。
注意:当使役动词用于被动语态时,要补上在主动语态中省略的to二、感觉动词后省略to的情况see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch在感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
如:I watched her get into the car. 我看着她上了车I saw the woman enter a bank. 我看见这个女人进了一家银行。
专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气一、2022年高考真题1.(2022年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。
句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。
根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao 为第三人称单数,助动词用has。
故填has walked。
68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。
句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。
根据空前Africa’s可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用形容词最高级。
故填highest。
2.(2022年全国甲卷短文改错)He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。
句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。
主语instruments为复数形式,全文为一般过去时,be动词用复数形式were。
句子翻译训练(二)(情态动词+非谓语动词+动词时态+动词语态+虚拟语气+定语从句+强调句)1.根据行程表,他们现在本该到广州了。
(according to)___________________________________________________2.如果他早点来的话,他就会见到莉莉了。
____________________________________________________________3.他们顺着大街走,边走边谈笑。
____________________________________________________________________4.又困又累,他睡觉去了。
__________________________________________________________________________5.他走进房子,后面跟着几个孩子。
(follow)____________________________________________________________6.马克思就如何学习外语提出了建议。
________________________________________________________________7.自从他离家以来已经有3年了。
____________________________________________________________________8.离开房间之前要确信关好了窗户。
__________________________________________________________________9.会议已经开始5分钟了。
__________________________________________________________________________10.我们希望在英语方面取得更大的进步。
______________________________________________________________11.邀请你参加我们的英语晚会,晚会定于今晚举行。
(are invited, be held)_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.若是没有你们的支援,我们就不可能做完这项工作。
(without)______________________________________________________________________13.我们希望在英语方面取得更大的进步。
(is expected)_______________________________________________________________________14.邀请你参加我们的英语晚会,晚会定于今晚举行。
(are invited, be held)______________________________________________________________________15.若是没有你们的支援,我们就不能做完这项工作。
(without)_______________________________________________________________________16.参观了博物馆你的感觉如何?______________________________________________________________17.修一双鞋多少钱?________________________________________________________________________18.能否借你的自行车用一个下午?____________________________________________________________19.你介意我把这本书拿走吗?________________________________________________________________20.并不是全班同学都看过这部影片。
__________________________________________________________21.李平不仅数学学得好而且物理也学得不错。
__________________________________________________22.我多么希望能够毫无差错地说出这些规则啊!________________________________________________23.我一看到她,就把礼物给他了。
(immediately)_______________________________________________24.我们一到达山顶,就坐下来休息。
(no sooner…..than)________________________________________________________________________________________ 25.她一到达伦敦就给我打电话。
(Hardly…..when)_________________________________________________________________________________________26.为了取得很大的进步,他努力学习。
__________________________________________________________27.他匆忙离开,担心错过了最后那班车。
________________________________________________________28.尽管他是个孩子,但他却懂很多。
____________________________________________________________29.除非我们采取措施保护环境,否则我们的地球将受到破坏。
__________________________________________________________________________________________30.说到教育,大部分人认为其实一个终生的学习。
_________________________________________________31.众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。
___________________________________________________________32.这就是和他共事过的那个男人。
_______________________________________________________________33.他们居住的房子窗户朝南开。
_________________________________________________________________34.她有6个孩子,最聪明的是约翰。
_____________________________________________________________35.直到他老了,他才意识到时间是如此的可贵。
___________________________________________________36.就是因为他病了,他上星期才没上学的。
_______________________________________________________37.真正重要的在于对树木的保护,而不在于种了多少树。
(rather than)1.According to the schedule, they should have arrived in Guangzhou by now.2.If he had come earlier, he would have seen Lily.3.They walked along the streets, talking and laughing.4.Tired and sleepy, he went to bed.5.He went into the house, followed by some children.6.Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.7.It’s three years since he left home.8.Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.9.The meeting has been on for five minutes.10.Even more progress in English is expected to be made.11.You’re invited to our English evening, and it’s going to be held this evening.12.Without your support, we couldn’t finish the job.13.How did you find your visit to the museum?14.How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes?15.Would you mind if I could keep your bicycle for the afternoon?16.Would you mind my/me taking this book away?17.All the students in our class have not seen the film.(=Not all the students in our class have seen the film.)18.Not only is Li Ping good at maths but also he does well in physics.19.How I wish I had been able to say the rules without a mistake!20.All the students in our class have not seen the film. (= Not all the students in our class have seen the film.)21.Not only is Li Ping good at maths but also he does well in physics.22.How I wish I had been able to say the rules without a mistake!23.I gave him the present immediately I saw him.24.We had no sooner got to the top of the mountain than we sat down to rest.25.Hardly had she got to London when she gave me a call.26.He makes an effort to study in order that he can make great progress.27.He left in a hurry for fear that he should miss the last bus.28.Child as he is, he knows a lot.29.Unless we take measures to protect our environment, our earth will be destroyed.30.When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.31.As is known to all, China is a developing country.32.This is the man with whom he worked.33.They live in a house, the window of which (= whose window) opens to the south.34.She has six children, the cleverest of whom is John.35.It was not until he became old that he realized time is precious.36.It was because he was ill that he was absent from school last week.37.It is the protection for the trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.。