The mean flow field of the tropical Atlantic Ocean-Stramma and Schott

Section A: Multiple Choice1. The Earth's crust is divided into several major layers. Which of the following layers is the thickest?A) LithosphereB) AsthenosphereC) MesosphereD) Outer core2. The phenomenon of the tilting of the Earth's axis is known as:A) Tectonic activityB) Volcanic eruptionsC) PrecessionD) Eclipses3. The Amazon Rainforest is located in which country?A) BrazilB) PeruC) BoliviaD) All of the above4. Which of the following is a type of renewable energy source?A) CoalB) Natural gasC) Solar energyD) Fossil fuels5. The Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of:A) JapanB) AustraliaC) CanadaD) South Africa6. The process by which water vapor is transformed into liquid water droplets in the atmosphere is called:A) CondensationB) SublimationC) EvaporationD) Melting7. The highest mountain peak in the world is:A) Mount EverestB) Mount KilimanjaroC) Mount FujiD) Denali8. The layer of the Earth's atmosphere that contains the ozone layer is:A) StratosphereB) TroposphereC) MesosphereD) Thermosphere9. The term "tropical rainforest" refers to a type of forest characterized by:A) High temperatures and low rainfallB) High temperatures and high rainfallC) Low temperatures and high rainfallD) Low temperatures and low rainfall10. The concept of "geothermal energy" refers to:A) Energy generated from the Earth's interiorB) Energy generated from solar radiationC) Energy generated from windD) Energy generated from ocean currentsSection B: Short Answer Questions11. Explain the process of photosynthesis in plants.12. Describe the role of glaciers in shaping the landscape.13. What are the main causes of deforestation?14. Discuss the impact of global warming on sea levels.15. Explain the concept of the water cycle.Section C: Essay16. Discuss the importance of biodiversity and the threats it faces today. Provide at least three examples of how humans can contribute to the conservation of biodiversity.17. Analyze the geographical and environmental factors that contribute to the formation of deserts. Explain the impact of desertification on local communities and the environment.18. Compare and contrast the agricultural practices in the rainforest regions of the world with those in the semi-arid regions. Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with each type of agriculture.19. Explain the concept of urbanization and its impact on both the environment and human settlements. Discuss the challenges and opportunities that arise from urbanization in the context of sustainability.Instructions:- Answer all questions.- Show your work where necessary.- Write legibly and use complete sentences.- Good luck!Time Allowed: 2 hoursNote: This exam is designed to assess your understanding of geographical concepts, processes, and the interaction between humans and the environment. Good luck with your examination!。

评价手册六年级下册英语第三单元作文题目全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi there! Today I'm going to tell you all about the writing prompt we got for Unit 3 in our English book. The prompt said: "Imagine you could visit any place in the world. Where would you go and why? Describe what you would see and do there." Sounds like a fun writing topic, right?Well, first off, I think this prompt gives us a lot of room to use our imaginations and creativity, which is awesome! We can really let our minds wander and dream up our perfect dream vacation spot. That's the best part about this kind of writing prompt.The tricky part is deciding where exactly we want our imaginary trip to be. There are just so many cool places in the world to choose from! Do we pick a big, bustling city like Tokyo or New York? Or maybe a beautiful beach destination like Hawaii or the Bahamas? Ooh, or what about somewhere with amazing historical sites, like the Egyptian Pyramids or the Colosseum in Rome? Decisions, decisions!Once we've picked our dreamy location, the next step is describing it in a way that really paints a picture for the reader. We need to use lots of juicy descriptive words to set the scene. If I chose Hawaii, for example, I might talk about the bright turquoise water, the soft white sand, the tall swaying palm trees, and the warm sunshine on my face.But just describing how the place looks isn't enough - we also have to imagine what we'd actually do there. That's where the fun comes in! In Hawaii, maybe I'd go snorkeling and see all the bright tropical fish. Or learn how to surf and (wipe out a ton while) riding those huge waves. Or visit a volcanic mountain and see red-hot lava! See what I mean? Tons of possibilities for adventures.The other key thing we need to do is explain why we chose that particular place to visit. What makes it so special or exciting to us? Maybe it's a place we've always dreamed of going, or maybe we've read about it and it seems amazing. Or possibly it relates to a personal interest or hobby we have. Like if we're really into arts and culture, visiting museums in Paris would be a perfect pick.All in all, I think this writing prompt is a lot of fun because it lets us be creative storytellers. We get to build our own personalfantasy adventure! The hard part is narrowing it down to just one dream destination. Maybe we could write a book and visit somewhere new for every chapter? Now there's an idea!Okay, I'll stop rambling now. Thanks for reading my thoughts on this awesome writing prompt! I'm really looking forward to letting my imagination run wild and vividly describing my ideal dream vacation. Who knows, maybe I'll discover a new passion for travel writing. A kid can dream, right?篇2Writing Prompt Evaluation from a 6th GraderHiya friends! Today I'm going to share my thoughts on the writing prompt we got for Unit 3 in our English textbook. The prompt asks us to write about a time when we helped someone in need. At first, I wasn't super excited about this topic, but after thinking it through, I realized it could actually be kind of fun!The first thing I noticed is that the prompt is prettyopen-ended. It doesn't give too many rules or restrictions on what we're supposed to write about. This is nice because it means we can get creative and make our stories really personal and unique. We can write about helping a family member, a friend, a neighbor, or even a stranger!I also like that the prompt encourages us to draw from our own real-life experiences. It's not asking us to make something up from our imaginations. Instead, we get to take an actual event that happened to us and turn it into a written story. This makes the writing process a bit easier because we already have the basic storyline in our minds.However, just because we're working from a real event doesn't mean our stories can't be exciting and interesting to read. We'll need to add in lots of descriptive details to paint a clear picture for the reader. We should describe the setting, the characters involved, the specific problem or need, and how we stepped in to help. The more vivid the details, the better!Another good thing about this prompt is that it gives us a chance to reflect on our own kindness and generosity. Sometimes it's easy for kids our age to be self-centered and only think about ourselves. But when we take time to remember situations where we put others first and lent a helping hand, it reminds us to be caring individuals.The writing piece could also teach us about developing a clear storyline and plot. Our stories should have a beginning that sets up the problem, a middle section that describes our actions to solve the problem, and an ending that wraps things up.Making sure our narratives have a logical flow will be an important skill to practice.One potential challenge with this prompt is deciding which experience to write about. If we've helped others many times before, it might be tough to choose just one event to focus on. We'll need to pick whichever experience was the most meaningful or memorable for us.Another thing to think about is protecting people's privacy in our stories. We may need to be careful about sharing too many personal details about the person we helped, especially if they are not close family members or friends. Using fake names or being vague about certain identities could help with this.Overall though, I think this writing prompt gives us a fun opportunity to exercise our storytelling abilities and creativity. We get to take real events from our lives and construct entertaining narratives out of them for our readers to enjoy. I'm looking forward to reading the different stories my classmates come up with!Those are my thoughts, but I want to hear from you too! What do you think about this writing prompt? Are you excited to start working on it, or does it seem like a drag? Do you already have the perfect experience in mind to write about? Share youropinions with me! I'm happy to discuss more. Thanks for reading, pals!篇3The Writing Prompt is Boring and Dumb!The writing prompt we got in our English textbook for Unit 3 is really dumb and boring. It says "Write about a time when you had to be brave or courageous." How lame is that?Being brave and courageous sounds like something only superheroes or firefighters have to do. Whenever I hear those words, I picture someone running into a burning building to save a little kid or stopping a bank robbery in progress. Those kinds of things don't really happen to normal kids like me though.I guess I was sort of brave when I tried broccoli for the first time. My big brother Billy told me it tasted like smelly green garbage and I would hate it. But Mom insisted I had to at least try one bite before I could be excused from the dinner table. I pinched my nose, closed my eyes, and shoved a piece in my mouth. It wasn't that bad! A little bitter, but not nearly as gross as Billy made it sound. From that day on, broccoli became one of my favorite veggies.Does trying a new food really count as being brave and courageous though? That writing prompt makes it sound like we're supposed to have amazing heroic stories to share. Most of the time, our lives as 6th graders are pretty ordinary and boring.Another time I had to be brave was giving the final presentation in front of my whole English class last semester. We had to pick a famous person to research, dress up like them, and give a speech pretending to be that person talking about their life. I chose Marie Curie since she's the lady who discovered radium and basically started the field of radiation science.I'm really shy, so the idea of speaking in front of everyone made me super anxious and nervous. My palms were sweating like crazy when it was my turn. But I put on a long black dress like Marie Curie wore, pulled my hair back in a tight bun, and gave my speech in my best Polish accent. I talked all about her early life in Poland, moving to France to study at an underground university since women weren't allowed in colleges back then, and her eventual Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry.Afterwards, a bunch of my classmates said they had no idea who Curie was before my presentation and they thought it was really interesting. And Miss Jackson gave me an A+! So yeah, I guess having the courage to get up and talk in front of everyonelike that counts as being brave. But does it really compare to pulling someone from a burning car wreck or something?This writing assignment seems more fitting for high school or college students rather than little kids in 6th grade. We haven't really had too many crazy life experiences yet to draw that kind of heroic, brave tale from.I'd make the prompt way more interesting for kids my age. Like "Write about a time when you were really scared but faced your fears anyway." Or "Write about a challenge you overcame through determination and perseverance." Those would allow us to share more personal, relatable stories from our regularday-to-day lives.For example, I could write about being terrified of the big tube slide at the park when I was little. The swirly blue plastic tower looked so tall and intimidating. Just the thought of launching myself into that dark spiral made my stomach do flips. But after watching other kids my age whizzing down it, I decided to suck it up and give it a try. Sure, my heart was pounding out of my chest the whole slow climb up. But once I took that first scary step over the edge, the rush of adrenaline made me whoop and holler the whole crazy way down. By the time I skidded out at thebottom, I had a huge goofy grin plastered across my face and raced right back around to conquer it again!See, isn't a story about facing a personal fear way more interesting and relatable than some unrealistic heroic tale? We're just kids! We haven't rescued anyone from a burning building or stopped any crimes in progress. Our lives are filled with smaller, more everyday acts of courage and perseverance that are way more fitting for a 6th grade writing assignment.I could write all about the time I was determined to learn how to ride a bicycle without training wheels, no matter how many skins I scraped on the pavement. Or the time I was scared to death to get stitches at the hospital after cutting my chin open, but stayed brave through all the shots and icky black stitches. Overcoming fears of big dogs, trying out for the school play, standing up to a bully taking another kid's lunch money...those are the kinds of personal, real life stories sixth graders could really connect with for this prompt.So in conclusion, while I get what the writing prompt was going for by asking about courage and bravery, it completely misses the mark for a 6th grade audience. We're just normal kids without superhero tales of derring-do quite yet. Prompts about facing personal fears, showing determination to overcomechallenges, and persevering through struggles would yield way more engaging stories that we could actually relate to at this age. Hopefully the textbook writers get a few 11-year-olds to proofread next time they put together prompts for our age group. Because this one just feels out of touch and unrealistic. Thanks for coming to my TED Talk!篇4Unit 3 Writing Prompt EvaluationWow, that writing prompt from Unit 3 was really something else! The topic was "If you could have any superpower, what would it be and why?" That's such an exciting and fun topic for us 6th graders to write about. I just love superhero movies and comic books, so I was super psyched to get to write about having superpowers myself.First of all, I think it's awesome that the prompt lets us use our imaginations to come up with any superpower we want. There are so many cool ones to choose from - flying, invisibility, super strength, laser vision, telepathy, and tons more. Personally, I spent ages trying to decide between flying or having the powers of my favorite superhero, Spider-Man. In the end, I went with Spider-Man's powers because then I'd get a whole bunch ofabilities rolled into one - climbing walls, spinning webs, super strength, enhanced agility, and spider-sense to detect danger. That's like having 5 superpowers in 1! How awesome is that?The second part of the prompt where we have to explain why we want that particular superpower is also really interesting. It makes you think more deeply about your choice instead of just blurting out the first cool power that pops into your mind. Like, yeah, flying seems amazing at first, but then you have to consider the downsides too, like getting hit by airplanes or breathing at really high altitudes. With Spider-Man's powers, I could explain how the web-slinging and wall-crawling would make it a breeze to get around the city, while the super strength and spider-sense would help me fight bad guys and sense whenever danger is near. I even came up with a cool superhero name for myself - the Spectacular Spider-Kid!Another great thing about this prompt is that it provides a perfect opportunity to get creative with descriptive writing. When you're describing your chosen superpower, you can go into all the vivid details about what it would look and feel like to actually use it. Would shooting webs from your wrists make a "thwip" sound like in the movies? What would it feel like to have that tingle of danger from the spider-sense? How would thewind rush by if you were soaring over the city while flying? Using lots of specific sensory details like that can really make your writing jump off the page.The only slight downside I can think of for this prompt is that some students might have a hard time deciding on just one superpower. There are so many amazing ones out there that it could be tough to pick. But I guess that's why the "why" part is important - if you can give a really good reason and explanation for your choice, then it doesn't matter as much which specific power you select.All in all, I'd give this writing prompt a 9 out of 10. It's an extremely engaging topic for us 6th graders, it sparks our creativity and imaginations, and it provides a great opportunity to practice descriptive writing skills. Thumbs up to the textbook writers for such a fun and interesting prompt! My only feedback is that maybe they could list a couple of example superpowers in case any students get totally stuck on what to pick. But other than that tiny suggestion, it's pretty much a perfect prompt as far as I'm concerned. I'm excited to read what crazy, cool, powerful characters my classmates come up with! This is going to be one epic batch of stories.篇5Writing Prompt Evaluation by a 6th GraderHey guys! Today I'm going to tell you all about the writing prompt we got for our homework from Unit 3 of our English textbook. This prompt was really cool and made me think a lot!The prompt asked us to write a story about a kid who finds an old map that leads to a hidden treasure. How awesome does that sound? I love stories about treasure and adventure. This prompt really fired up my imagination and got me psyched to start writing.As soon as I read it, my mind started spinning with all kinds of ideas. Where would this old map be found? In an attic? Buried in the backyard? Maybe the kid finds it tucked away in a secret compartment of an antique desk or dresser that belonged to their grandparents. Ooh, or maybe they're exploring an abandoned building and the map falls out of a cracked wall when they lean against it! So many possibilities!Then I thought about what the map could look like. Obviously it would be old and tattered, maybe even burned around the edges. The paper would be yellowed and stained. It would probably be drawn with fancy calligraphy ink and have an ancient look to it. But what would the map show? An "X" marking the spot of the treasure's location? A trail winding through aforest or desert? Or maybe a series of cryptic clues that have to be decoded?And where would this hidden treasure be buried? In a cave? At the bottom of a lake or quarry? Underneath an old tree or boulder in the woods? So many exciting possibilities to imagine!Then I had to decide what the kid in the story would be like.A boy or girl? How old? Would they have siblings or friends who join the treasure hunt? Or do they try to find it all alone? What challenges and obstacles would they face along the way?Would there be a bad guy also after the treasure who becomes the kid's nemesis? A bitter treasure hunter? A greedy developer trying to dig it up to build a mall on the land? A descendant of the original treasure burier convinced it belongs to their family? So many chances for drama and conflict!And of course, the biggest question of all - what is the hidden treasure? Gold and jewels? An ancient artifact? Buried pirate loot? Or something incredibly rare and valuable but not necessarily money or gems? Maybe it's the belongings of someone famous from long ago stuffed in a chest. Or even a collection of books or documents with priceless historical significance.The more I thought about it, the more my imagination ran wild with all the awesome directions I could take this story. A kid finding an ancient treasure map and facing all sorts of challenges and adversaries in their quest to get to the prize first. It's such a classic concept but with countless unique twists I could put on it to make it my own.I'm really excited to start fleshing out the characters, setting, plot and everything else. This prompt is the perfect chance to tap into my inner adventurer and creativity. I can't wait to craft an entertaining, suspenseful tale filled with action, humor, and most importantly, the thrill of the hunt!Even though it will be hard work building an entire story world and narrative around this idea, I know it's going to be a blast. I'm looking forward to losing myself in the imaginary realms of possibility this prompt opened up. It's the perfect chance to let my thoughts run free and have fun with words.Prompts like this are my favorite because they provide just enough guidance to get you started, but then it's a wide open field to make it your own in any way you can dream up. The adventure is just beginning! I can't wait to see where my imagination takes this treasure map story.Well, that's my takeon this writing prompt from our English book. I really hope my classmates were as jazzed about it as I am because it's going to be so much fun exploring all the possibilities it offers. Stay tuned for what's sure to be an epic tale of kids seeking buried riches and facing peril at every turn! This is the kind of assignment that makes learning feel like playtime. An A+ prompt for sure!篇6Evaluating the Writing Prompt for Unit 3Oh boy, it's time to talk about the writing prompt for Unit 3 of our English textbook! You know, that thing where they give us a topic and we have to write a whole essay about it? Yeah, that one. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, the prompt itself is: "Describe a time when you had to be brave or courageous. What happened, and how did you feel?" Hmm, interesting, right? I mean, it's not the most exciting topic in the world, but it's not too bad either.The thing is, I feel like this prompt could go either way. On one hand, it gives us a chance to share a personal story and talk about our feelings, which is always cool. We get to flex ourcreative writing muscles and really let our personalities shine through!But on the other hand, it's kind of a serious topic. Having to be brave or courageous usually means something kind of scary or dangerous happened. And let's be real, most of us haven't had too many life-or-death situations at our age (thank goodness!). So we might have to stretch the truth a little bit or get really creative with our stories.Another potential issue is that some kids might not want to share a personal story like that, you know? Maybe they're shy or maybe the experience was too intense for them to want to relive it in an essay. That's totally understandable.Buuuut, if we can get past those little hurdles, I think this prompt could lead to some really awesome essays! Imagine reading about your classmate's daring rescue of a stuck puppy or their heroic stand against a neighborhood bully. Doesn't that just give you goosebumps?And for those of us who haven't had a crazy brave moment yet, we can always make something up! As long as we follow the prompt and describe a situation that required courage, the possibilities are endless. Maybe you saved your little sister from a giant spider (even though you're terrified of them). Or maybeyou finally worked up the nerve to perform in the school talent show after years of stage fright. Get creative, kids!The best part is, we get to explore our emotions and feelings throughout the essay. How did you feel leading up to the brave moment? Were you scared out of your mind or pumped up with adrenaline? And how did you feel after, when it was all over? Proud? Relieved? Like a total rockstar?By digging deep into those emotional layers, we can really make our essays jump off the page and connect with the reader on a deeper level. That's what good writing is all about, right?Of course, we'll have to make sure we follow all the technical rules too. You know, having a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion. Using proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Varying our sentence structures to keep things interesting. All that fun stuff.But as long as we take our time, put in our best effort, and don't stress too much about it, I think we can all produce some amazing essays for this prompt. Who knows, maybe our teacher will even read a few out loud to the class as examples of excellent work!So in summary, yeah, the writing prompt for Unit 3 has its pros and cons. It might feel a little heavy or personal for some of us. But it's also a chance to get creative, explore our emotions, and write one heck of a engaging story.I don't know about you, but I'm definitely going to give it my best shot. After all, with a prompt like this, we have a chance to show the world how brave and courageous we can be!。

气象常用专业英语词汇pressure gradient 气压梯度 barometric height formula 压高公式 pressure gradient force 气压梯度力 Coriolis force 科里奥利力 water vapor 水［蒸］汽 water vapor pressure 水汽压 humidity 湿度 relative humidity 相对湿度 absolute humidity 绝对湿度 specific humidity 比湿 mixing ratio 混合比dew point ［temperature ］露点（温度） depression of the dew point （温度）露点差 super-saturated air 过饱和空气 saturation specific humidity 饱和比湿 saturation vapor pressure 饱和水汽压 saturation deficit 饱和差 cloud 云low cloud 低云 middle cloud 中云 highcloud 高云 cloud amount 云量 cloud height 云高 cloud genera 云属 cloud etage 云族 cloud species 云种 cloud variety 云类 cloud form 云状 cirrus, Ci 卷云 cirrostratus, Cs 卷层云 cirrocumulus, Cc 卷积云altocumulus, Ac 高积云 altostratus, As 高层云 cumulus, Cu 积云cumulus humilis, Cu hum 淡积云 cumulus congestus, Cucon 浓积云 cumulonimbus, Cb 积雨云 cumulus fractus, Cu fra 碎积云stratocumulus, Sc 层积云 stratus, St 层云 nimbostratus, Ns 雨层云 stratiform cloud 层状云 cumuliform cloud 积状云 cold cloud 冷云 warm cloud 暖云 ice cloud 冰云1 / 10主题词表English Chinese 01.大气atmospheric science 大气科学 meteorology 气象学 atmosphere 大气atmospheric impurity 大气杂质atmospheric suspended matter 大气悬浮物 atmospheric composition 大气成分 atmospheric mass 大气质量 atmospheric density 大气密度 atmospheric subdivision 大气分层 homosphere 均质层 heterosphere 非均质层standard ［pressure ］ level 标准层 isothermal layer 等温层 lower atmosphere 低层大气 middle atmosphere 中层大气 upper atmosphere 高层大气 troposphere 对流层 tropopause 对流层顶 stratosphere 平流层 stratopause 平流层顶 mesopause 中间层顶 thermosphere 热层 exosphere 夕卜［逸］层 ionosphere 电离层 magnetosphere 磁层 ozonosphere 臭氧层 free atmosphere 自 由大气 planetary atmosphere 行星大气standard atmosphere （reference atmosphere ）标准大气（参考homogeneous atmosphere 均质大气 isothermal atmosphere 等温大气polytropic atmosphere 多元大气 scale height 大气标高 meteorological element 气象要素 air temperature 气温 wet-bulb temperature 湿球温度 dry-bulb temperature 干球温度 atmospheric pressure 气压standard atmosphere pressure 标准大气压 station pressure 本站气压 sea-level pressure 海平面气压气象常用专业英语词汇precipitation intensity 降水强度 showery precipitation 阵性降水 convective precipitation 对流性降水 orographic precipitation 地形降水 rain 雨 rain drop 雨滴 rain shadow 雨影 glaze 雨淞 rain day 雨日rainfall ［amount ］雨量continuous precipitation 连续性降水 intermittent precipitation 间歇性降水 showery rain 阵雨freezing rain 冻雨 drizzle 毛毛雨 light rain 小雨moderate rain 中雨 heavy rain 大雨 torrential rain 暴雨 local precipitation 地方性降水 orographic rain 地形雨 storm 风暴sandstorm, duststorm 沙［尘］暴 hail storm 雹暴 haze 霾 dust 浮尘 dew 露 frost 霜 frost point 霜点 first frost 初霜 latest frost 终霜 tornado 龙卷 dust devil 尘卷风 snow 雪 sleet 雨夹雪showery snow 阵雪 snow crystal 雪晶 snowflake 雪花 snow grains 米雪 snowstorm 雪暴 snow cover 积雪 snowfall ［amount ］雪量 snow depth 雪深 snow day 雪日 icing 积冰 hail 冰雹 2 / 10wind 风wind direction 风向wind speed, wind velocity 风速 maximum wind speed 最大风速 extreme wind speed 极大风速 wind speed profile 风速廓线 wind force 风力wind force scale 风级Beaufort ［wind ］ scale 蒲福风级 calm 0级风 light air 1 级风 light breeze 2 级风 gentle breeze 3 级风 moderate breeze 4 级风 fresh breeze 5 级风 strong breeze 6 级风 near gale 7 级风 gale 8级风 strong gale 9 级风 storm 10 级风 violent storm 11 级风 hurricane 12 级风gust 阵风local wind 地方性风 surface wind 地面风 foehn 焚风mountain-valley breeze 山谷风 sea-land breeze 海陆风 on-shore wind 向岸风 off-shore wind 离岸风 gorge wind 峡谷风predominant wind direction 主导风向 prevailing wind 盛行风 wind pressure 风压 wind energy 风能wind energy resources 风能资源 wind energy rose 风能玫瑰［图］ visibility 能见度 clear sky 晴天 partly cloudy 少云 cloudy 多云 overcast 阴天blue of the sky 天空蓝度 skycondition 天空状况 precipitation 降thermometer 温度表 telethermometer 遥测温度表 thermograph 温度计 geothermometer 地温表 surface geothermometer 地面温度表 angle geothermometer 曲管地温表 tube-typed geothermometer 直管地温表 maximum thermometer 最高温度表 minimumthermometer 最低温度表 mercury thermometer 水银温度表 Lyman- a hygrometer 莱曼-a 湿度表 bimetallic thermograph 双金属片温度计 barograph 气压计 aneroid barograph 空盒气压计 mountain barograph 高山气压计 barometer 气压表 aneroid barometer 空盒气压表 ship-barometer 船用气压表 mountain barometer 高山气压表 pressure altimeter 气压测高表 normal barometer 标准气压表 mercury barometer 水银气压表 Fortin barometer 福丁气压表 Kew pattern barometer 寇乌气压表hygrograph 湿度计 hygrometer 湿度表 psychrometer 干湿表 aspirated psychrometer 通风干湿表 Assmann psychrometer 阿斯曼干湿表 dew-point hygrometer 露点湿度表 hair hygrometer 毛发湿度表 hair hygrograph 毛发湿度计black and white bulb thermometer 黑白球温度表barothermograph 气压温度计 dry-bulb thermometer 干球温度表 wet-bulb thermometer 湿球温度表 sunshine recorder 日照计Jordan sunshine recorder 乔唐日照计Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder 康培尔-司托克日照计 pyrheliometer 直接辐射表 pyranometer 总辐射表 sky radiometer diffusometer 天空辐射表 albedometer 反照率表 pyranometer 净辐射表 evaporograph 蒸发计 evaporation pan 小型蒸发器3 / 10thunder 雷 thunderstorm 雷暴 thunder shower 雷阵雨 lightning 闪电 fog 雾 mist 轻雾 wet fog 湿雾 sea fog 海雾 ice fog 冰雾 frontal fog 锋面雾 advection fog 平流雾 radiation fog 辐射雾advection-radiation fog 平流辐射雾 mixing fog 混合雾 evaporation fog 蒸发雾 supercooled fog 过冷却雾 ground fog 地面雾 upslope fog 上坡雾 air-mass fog 气团雾 tropical air fog 热带气团雾 rime 雾淞graupel 霰percentage of sunshine 日照百分率 sunshine duration 日照时数duration of possible sunshine 可照时数 02.大气探测atmospheric sounding and observing 大气探测 meteorological observation 气象观测 surface observation 地面观测 visual observation 目测background pollution observation 本底污染观测 field observation 外场观测 conventional observation 常规观测 sounding 探空upper air observation 高空观测 aircraft sounding 飞机探测 rocket sounding 火箭探测 radio sounding 无线电探空 surface data 地面资料 upper air data 高空资料 observation site 观测场coagulation 碰并 ice crystal 冰晶 ice point 冰点 condensation 凝结 evaporation 蒸发 solidification 凝固 deposition 凝华 sublimation 升华freezing 冻结condensation nucleus 凝结核 salt nucleus 盐核weather modification 人工影响天气 cloud dissipation ^肖云 salt-seeding 盐粉播撒 frost prevention 防霜artificial precipitation 人工降水 cloud cluster 云团tropical cloud cluster 热带云团 cloud system 云系comma cloud system 逗点云系 banded cloud system 带状云系 vortex cloud system 涡旋云系 atmospheric radiation 大气辐射 solar radiation 太阳辐射solar constant 太阳常数outgoing long-wave radiation, OLR 向外长波辐射 visible light 可见光 radiation balance 辐射平衡 global radiation 总辐射 direct radiation 直接辐射 effective radiation 有效辐射 scattered radiation 散射辐射 diffuse radiation 漫射辐射sky radiation 天空辐射upward ［tatal ］ radiation 向上［全］辐射 downward ［total ］ radiation 向下［全］辐射 incoming radiation 入射辐射albedo of the earth-atmosphere system 地气系统反照率 albedo of underlying surface 下垫面反照率 atmospheric counter radiation 大气逆辐射 radiance 辐射率 albedo 反照率planetary temperature 行星温度 atmospheric window 大气窗［atmospheric ］ absorptivity ［大气］吸收率 primaryevaporation tank 大型蒸发器 standard pan 标准蒸发器 ceiling projector 云幕灯 visibility meter,visiometer 能见度表 raingauge 雨量器 pluviograph,recording raingauge 雨量计 accumulative raingauge 累计雨量器 tilting bucket raingauge 翻斗［式］雨量计 electric conductivity raingauge 水导［式］雨量计 siphon rainfall recorder 虹吸［式］雨量计 rainfall intensity recorder 雨强计 telemetering pluviograph 遥测雨量计 wind vane 风向标 anemometer 风速表contact anemometer 电接风速表 cup anemometer 转杯风速表 propeller anemometer 螺旋桨［式］风速表anemorumbometer 风向风速表 anemograph 风速计 meteorological rocket 气象火箭 sounding rocket 探空火箭 weather radar 天气雷达 meteorological radar 气象雷达 lidar 激光雷达sodar, acoustic radar 声［雷］达 Doppler radar 多普勒天气雷达 atmospheric remote sensing 大气遥感 meteorological satellite 气象卫星 synoptic data 天气资料 real time data 实时资料radiation transfer equation 辐射传输方程atmospheric transmission model 大气传输模式 03.大气物理学atmospheric physics 大气物理［学］ cloud physics 云物理学 advection 平流 convection 对流 aerosol 气溶胶cloud droplet-size distribution 云滴谱 raindrop size distribution 雨滴谱 fog-drop 雾滴 cloud droplet 云滴supercooled cloud droplet 过冷云滴 drop spectrum 滴谱 collision 碰撞scattering 一次散射4 / 10Mie scattering 米散射 smog aerosol 烟雾气溶胶 multiple scattering 多次散射 ash cloud 烟灰云 Rayleigh scattering 瑞利散射smog 烟雾 sky brightness, sky luminance 天空亮度smoke screen 烟幕atmospheric optical thickness, atmospheric optical depth 大 acid rain 酸雨 气光学厚度 smoke 烟 smoke plume 烟羽 plume rise 烟羽抬升 fallout 沉降物05.动力气象学dynamic meteorology 动力气象学 atmospheric thermodynamics 大气热力学 sensible heat 感热 latent heat 潜热reversible adiabatic process 可逆绝热过程 irreversible adiabatic process 不可逆绝热过程 moisture inversion 逆湿thermodynamic equation 热力学方程 temperature inversion 逆温turbulence inversion 湍流逆温 surface inversion 地面逆温 radiation inversion 辐射逆温 capping inversion 覆盖逆温 subsidence inversion 下沉逆温 frontal inversion 锋面逆温 inversion layer 逆温层 temperature gradient 温度梯度 temperature advection 温度平流 adiabatic ascending 绝热上升 adiabatic sinking 绝热下沉 adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却 adiabatic heating 绝热增温 pseudo-adiabatic process 假绝热过程 diabatic process 非绝热过程convective condensation level, CCL 对流凝结高度 mixing condensation level 混合凝结高度 temperature lapse rate 气温直减率dry adiabatic lapse rate 干绝热直减率 moist adiabatic lapse rate 湿绝热直减率 condensation level, CL 凝结高度virtual temperature 虚温dry adiabatic process 干绝热过程 moist adiabatic process 湿绝热过程potential temperature 位温 equation of motion 运动方程 5 / 10［atmospheric］ transparency ［大气］透明度 atmospheric optical phenomena 大气光学现象 atmospheric turbidity 大气浑浊度 mirage 蜃景 twilight 曙暮光 aurora australis 南极光 aurora borealis 北极光 halo 晕 46° halo 46 度晕22° halo 22 度晕 solar halo 日晕 lunar halo 月晕 solar corona 日华 lunar corona 月华 rainbow 虹 secondary rainbow 霓 corona 华 twilight colors 霞 aurora 极光 glory 宝光［环］ magnetic storm 磁暴 04.大气化学atmospheric chemistry 大气化学 atmospheric photolysis 大气光解作用 atmospheric ozone 大气臭氧 atmospheric trace gas 大气痕量气体 photochemical reaction 光化反应photochemical smog 光化烟雾 precipitation chemistry 降水化学 atmospheric background 大气本底［值］ atmospheric pollution 大气污染 air pollution 空气污染 primary pollutant 原生污染物 secondary pollutant 次生污染物 atmospheric cleaning 大气净化 floating dust 飘尘 dustfall 降尘greenhouse gasses 温室气体 atmospheric pollutant 大气污染物southern branch jet stream 南支急流 basic flow 基本气流 subtropical jet stream 副热带急流 axis of jet stream 急流轴 warm advection 暖平流 cold advection 冷平流 upward flow 上升气流 downward flow 下沉气流 geostrophic motion 地转运动 quasi-geostrophic motion 准地转运动 Ekman layer 埃克曼层 Ekman spiral 埃克曼螺线 atmospheric circulation 大气环流 meridional circulation 经向环流 zonal circulation 纬向环流 Hadley cell 哈得来环流 Walker cell 沃克环流 direct circulation 直接环流 indirect circulation 间接环流［圈］ trade-wind circulation 信风环流 circulation cell 环流圈 local circulation 局地环流 three-cell ［meridional ］ circulation 三圈经向环流 circulation index 环流指数high index 高指数 low index 低指数 index cycle 指数循环 circulation theorem 环流定理 Kelvin's theorem of circulation 开尔文环流定理 Bjerknes circulation theorem 皮叶克尼斯环流定理 cross-equatorial flow 越赤道气流atmospheric center of action 大气活动中心 scaling 尺度分析synoptic scale 天气尺度 planetary scale 行星尺度 meso scale 中尺度 mesoscale model 中尺度模式 general circulation model, GCM 大气环流模式 barotropic model 正压模式 baroclinic model 斜压模式06.天气学synoptic meteorology 天气学 weather 天气 synoptic chart 天气图 6 / 10continuity equation 连续方程 equation of state 状态方程 vorticity equation 涡度方程 divergence equation 散度方程 hydrostatic equation 流体静力方程 3 -equation 3方程 perturbation equation 扰动方程 thermal wind equation 热成风方程 advective equation 平流方程 balance equation 平衡方程 baroclinic process 斜压过程geostrophic adjustment 地转适应 available potential energy 有效位能 geopotentialmeter 位势米 geopotential height 位势高度 inertial instability 惯性不稳定 free convection level 自 由对流高度［atmospheric ］ stability ［大气］稳定度 static stability 静力稳定度 absolutestability 绝对稳定 absolute instability 绝对不稳定 neutral stability 中性稳定conditional instability 条件［性］不稳定 barotropic instability 正压不稳定baroclinic instability 斜压不稳定 latent instability 潜在不稳定conservation of potential vorticity 位涡守恒 z-coordinate z 坐标p-coordinate p 坐标 。

广东省深圳市人大附中深圳学校2023-2024年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.A．Generally B．OriginallyC．Eventually D．Unfortunately2．【2018·天津】It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A．display B．acquireC．teach D．test3．Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, ________ just depending on the teacher.A．rather than B．regardless of C．due to D．in terms of 4．Wolves are highly social animals __________ success depends on cooperation.A．which B．whose C．that D．whom 5．The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ______ from butterflies to elephants.A．to range B．ranged C．ranging D．being ranged 6．We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A．which B．what C．when D．that7．The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since.A．are remaining B．have remainedC．is remaining D．has remained8．（2017·天津）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A．regard B．is regardedC．are regarded D．regards9．My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever 10．We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ________ on our lives in many ways.A．statement B．impactC．impression D．judgment11．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom 12．While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors.A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted 13．__________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.A．According to B．Instead of C．In addition to D．Despite 14．__________ was 87 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Ocean__________ Zheng He sailed to East Africa.A．That; which B．It; that C．It; which D．This; who 15．Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.A．were displaying B．are displayingC．were being displayed D．are being displayed16．The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.A．making B．to makeC．made D．being made17．He will __________ a lecture on endangered animals to __________ the tenth World Conservation Day. (野生动物保护日).A．deliver, assume B．admire, contain C．deliver, observe D．settle, respect 18．__________ in 1935 in Ohio, the organization is now a world-wide one.A．Found B．Founded C．Founding D．Having founded 19．Some teenagers __________ inside __________ hiking.A．prefer to stay; to go B．prefer staying; to stayC．prefer staying; to going D．prefer to stay; rather than to go20．She gave me a _________ look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.A．amazing B．determined C．shocked D．scared二、阅读理解Restless sleepers know that the bedtime struggle is real. They’ve tried everything from meditation apps to white noise machines in their efforts to fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. But could the trick to better sleep lie with your blanket choice? Those who swear by weighted blankets think so.Bearaby Cotton NapperPrice range: $259 to $279Available weights: 15 pounds to 25 poundsA weighted blanket like nothing you’ve ever seen, Bearaby’s braided (编织) blanket is among the best weighted blankets we’ve ever tried. The braided effect is not only extraordinary but it also provides airflow so you can’t get too hot while wrapped up in it, making it a comfortable and popular option.YnM Weighted BlanketPrice range: $49.90 to $89Available weights: 5 pounds to 30 poundsWith a 4.6-star rating from over 21,000 reviews, this blanket has been tested by customers and comes out on top. It comes in a ton of fine colors and patterns, plus it has many uses, since the blanket can be used along with a duvet (羽绒被) cover or on its own.Luna Weighted BlanketPrice range: $99.99 to $169.99Available weights: 5 pounds to 30 poundsThis 400-thread-count lightweight blanket is made from a natural, sustainable cotton that’s free from any harmful chemicals. It comes with a 365-night money-back guarantee, so if you decide a weighted blanket isn’t for you, you can send it back for a full refund (退款). But you probably won’t want to — this blanket has more than 10,000 5-star reviews.YnM Duvet CoversPrice range: $89.90 to $179Available weights: 5 pounds to 30 poundsThis lighter weighted blanket from YnM is perfect for kids and even comes with twointer-changeable, machine-washable duvet covers. One cover is soft and cozy to keep your kids warm on cold nights, and the other is made from cooling materials to ensure they don’t wake up sweaty when summer rolls around.21．What can we learn about Bearaby Cotton Napper?A．It can breathe perfectly.B．It is the lightest blanket.C．It has various functions.D．It is the most affordable.22．What’s probably the major concern for those who choose Luna Weighted Blanket?A．A reasonable price.B．Personal security.C．A harmless material.D．Chemical reaction.23．Which blanket best suits children?A．Bearaby Cotton Napper.B．YnM Weighted Blanket.C．Luna Weighted Blanket.D．YnM Duvet Covers.With the help of a new mobile application called Farm Assistant, developed by Wu Zeyin, farmers in Botswana can make their work much easier.Wu, an 11-year-old pupil from Hubei province, moved to Botswana with his family seven years ago. During the past years living in the country, he found that the quantity of fruit and vegetables sold at local supermarkets was very limited, and the quality was poor. Some vegetables weren’t ripe, such as small carrots and green tomatoes, and they were quite expensive.Tropical savanna(草原)and desert climates are typical in most parts of the country, making it difficult to grow common crops. Drought-tolerant species of corn, sorghum and beans are also uncommon. For a long time, Botswana had to import many grains, fruits and vegetables from neighbouring countries, such as South Africa, to meet the needs of its people.Botswana has made a series of cooperative arrangements with China to get rid of food shortages. In July last year, a pilot project to grow China’s water-saving and drought-tolerant rice was successfully undertaken in Gaborone, the capital of Botswana, which brought Wu some new ideas on local agriculture.“At that time, I was preparing for the first Youth Artificial Intelligence and Future Media Global Innovation Challenge,” he said, “When I got the news, I gave up my first plan of developing a personal time management app, and decided to develop an app for agriculture.”The app supports eight crops commonly grown locally, including tomatoes, potatoes,onions, corn, carrots, cabbage, eggplant and radishes. Farmers who use the application can click on the pare to see its watering needs, opening time, seed price, selling price and production. After planting the seeds, farmers click the timer to start, and the application reminds them what to do at each stage.When asked why he wanted to help local farmers here, Wu quotes an old saying in China: “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.”24．Which can be the main reason for Botswana’s food shortage?A．Limited supplies in local markets.B．Unfavourable climate conditions.C．Lack of advanced farming techniques.D．Frequent threats from natural disasters.25．What does the underlined word “undertaken” mean in Paragraph 4?A．Launched.B．Removed.C．Adapted.D．Promoted. 26．How can Wu’s application make farmers’ work easier?A．It improves local planting environment.B．It identifies the commonly grown crops.C．It teaches farmers when to plant the seeds.D．It provides basic information of the crops.27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Botswana’s Food Problem Solved by a New AppB．Technology Is Making a Difference in BotswanaC．Gifted Chinese Teenager Helps Botswana FarmersD．Chinese Old Wisdom Promises a Brighter Future“Practice makes perfect” is a very popular expression. However, can we take this saying literally? Many scientific studies have sought to either prove or disprove this idea.One popular theory is that if a person practises for at least 10, 000 hours, they will reach “perfection”, or become an expert in their field. This theory was made famous by Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 best-selling book, Outliers: The Story of Success. He mentioned the music group The Beatles and Microsoft co-creator Bill Gates. Although they all seemed to have lots of natural talent, they also clearly put in over 10, 000 hours of practice before theybecame successful.Gladwell’s work was largely based on research done by Anders Ericsson, who argued that Gladwell misinterpreted his research. Firstly, Ericsson stated that 10, 000 hours was an average figure. Some people needed far fewer than 10, 000 hours, and others many more. More importantly, Ericsson said that just practising a lot was not enough; the type and quality of practice was also essential. He went on to explain the importance of “deliberate practice”, which is when a person practises a specific part of a skill in depth rather than practising a skill as a whole.A more recent study from Princeton University stated that practice only accounted for up to 26% of reaching an expert level. Many people say that natural talent has a large influence on becoming an expert. Another natural factor is physical superiority, which is especially evident in sports. IQ, personality attitude, and starting age are decisive, too. But becoming an expert doesn’t equal instant success, which also relies on social and environmental factors.In conclusion, practice may not make perfect, but deliberate practice has been shown to lead to significant improvement. Based on Ericsson’s research, here are some tips on how to practise effectively: be motivated; make specific and realistic goals; work outside your comfort zone; be consistent and persistent; and get plenty of rest! For those wanting to become an expert in something, remember that being motivated is key-enjoy what you do and follow your passions.28．How did Gladwell support his idea?A．By listing numbers.B．By using examples.C．By interviewing famous people.D．By mentioning other researchers. 29．Which of the following may Ericsson disagree with?A．Practice alone is far from enough.B．About 10, 000 hours of practice leads to success.C．Practice hours vary from person to person.D．Deliberate practice is much more effective.30．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A．The role of practice.B．Factors in creating experts.C．The importance of natural talent.D．Warnings for experts.31．What is the author’s attitude to the idea “Practice makes perfect”?A．Favorable.B．Intolerant.C．Doubtful.D．Neutral.Delivering medical supplies to hard-to-reach places has been an issue for years. Worldwide, more than two billion people lack access to essential life-saving supplies, such as blood and vaccines（疫苗）. In the African nation of Rwanda, for example, several remote health clinics do not have sufficient quantities of blood and other healthcare products. A company called Zipline is trying to address this problem. It uses drones（无人机）to transport medical supplies around Rwanda. A drone can now deliver medicine in 30 minutes.Drones are also assisting emergency organizations after natural disasters. In 2015, for example, a powerful hurricane destroyed thousands of buildings in the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu. Around 75,000 people lost their homes, and at least 15 died. After the storm, drones photographed the damage. These surveys helped emergency workers assess the situation quickly and answer important questions: Which areas were hardest hit? Were crops damaged? What roads were affected?Drones are also helping to protect wildlife populations in parts of Africa and Asia. Every year, poachers（偷猎者）kill thousands of elephants, rhinos, and other endangered animals. To stop them; the environmental organization World Wildlife Fund is using drones to find where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying weapons. Equipped with infrared video cameras, drones can easily identify people and animals at night. These drones are not only helpful, they are affordable.As well as finding poachers, drones can be used to track animals. Scientists at Liverpool John Moores University （LJMU）plan to employ drones for an ambitious conservation project: documenting the world's wildlife. The long-term project will start with scientific surveys of animal populations. And animal species can then be identified using special software.Ironically（讽刺地）, a tool originally created for military use is increasingly being used to save lives instead of taking then. Drones have the potential to provide solutions that will benefit both humans and animals.32．What does the text focus on?A．Importance of saving lives.B．Development of drones.C．Applications of drones.D．Ways to protect animals.33．What can drones be used for according to Paragraph 2?A．Helping predict disasters.B．Providing data for evaluation.C．Organizing emergency workers.D．Reporting local weather.34．What do the scientists at LJMU intend to do?A．Track poachers.B．Design new practical drones.C．Record wild animals in detail.D．Develop an assessing software.35．What can be inferred about drones?A．They need to be fitted with video cameras.B．They are unavailable to ordinary people.C．They should be limited to military use.D．They have a promising prospect.三、七选五Gardening requires a lot of physical labor, extending from light exercise to heavy work. Bending, digging, lifting tools, carrying things and moving from time to time can burn calories and build muscles.36 Their backs can start to hurt and so can their knees. Even the strongest and healthiest gardeners can hurt themselves. For people who are less physically fit or who have health conditions that limit movement or cause pain, gardening may seem impossible.Jessica Damiano, an expert, says there are ways to grow plants that are gentle on the body. 37 She said she used heating pads (衬垫) on her neck and lowered her back for about 5 minutes before starting to garden. The practice helped to prepare her muscles for work. A few minutes of gentle stretching helped, too.If you want to garden, it is also a good idea to try to collect all the tools you will need before settling into your labor. 38 It is the easiest and safest way to take and return it.Taking simple care in the way you lift and carry the objects you need can prevent injury.39 You can stand with your feet as far apart as your shoulders to keep your balance. If bending at all is too difficult, or if you garden while seated, grow plants in raised beds that are as tall as your chair or the middle part of your body.Use pushcarts to transport heavy supplies. When you carry weight on your own, hold heavy objects to your chest, keeping your back as straight as possible. Plant containers can be very heavy. 40Most importantly, limit gardening periods to between 60 and 90 minutes, and take it easy.A．Gardeners have to keep healthy and strong.B．She recently provided some relevant advice.C．However, the labor can also injure gardeners’ bodies.D．Store the heaviest equipment on waist-height shelves.E．Remember to bend your knees when lifting a bag of covering.F．At first, Damiano did gardening without making preparations.G．It is best to set them where you want them before filling them.四、完形填空Mark is leaving, and I’m feeling kind of sad.You probably don’t know Mark, but you might be 41 enough to know someone just like him. He’s been the heart and soul of the office, combining professional skills with a sweet nature. He’s never been all that interested in getting praise for the 42 work he does.And now he’s moving on to an exciting new opportunity which sounds like the chance of a lifetime, and we’re 43 pleased for him. But that doesn’t make it any easier to say goodbye to a dear friend and 44 colleague.Life has a way of throwing these curve balls (曲线球) at us. Just when we start to get comfortable with a person, a place or a situation, something comes along to 45 it.But how do we deal with change? There’s Chris, who once told me that the answer can be expressed in four words, “Go 46 the flow.”“It is like surfing,” Chris explained. “You can’t organize the ocean. 47 just happen. You ride them 48 they take you, and then you go back out there and catch thenext one. Sure, you’re always hoping for the perfect wave. But 49 you just take them the way they come.”That doesn’t 50 that you don’t keep trying to make all your dreams come true. It just means that when things that aren’t exactly in your plan 51 , you work around them and then you move on. Of course, some barriers (阻碍) along the 52 of life are easier to take than others. A rained-out picnic, for example, is 53 to deal with than the sudden death of a loved one. But the principle is the same.We’re going to 54 Mark. But rather than on the sadness of our 55 , we’ll focus on our hopes for a brighter future.41．A．difficult B．confident C．silly D．lucky 42．A．terrible B．excellent C．special D．exact 43．A．actually B．sincerely C．nearly D．hardly 44．A．humorous B．silent C．reliable D．active 45．A．welcome B．attack C．destroy D．change 46．A．with B．below C．against D．before 47．A．Shakes B．Waves C．Accidents D．Disasters 48．A．what B．why C．whether D．where 49．A．formally B．extremely C．mostly D．lately 50．A．promise B．seem C．explain D．mean 51．A．make up B．break down C．come up D．slow down 52．A．scene B．road C．strategy D．lecture 53．A．harder B．better C．worse D．easier 54．A．forget B．love C．miss D．remind 55．A．parting B．meeting C．organizing D．suffering五、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

雅思口语话题汇总分享今日我给大家共享雅思口语话题，一起来学习一下吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。

雅思口语话题：two people from the same family假如两个人的对比很明显，那就更简单了!所以，我们可以人为的造出来一对儿性格迥然的twins，剩下的人物设定，大家就可以自由发挥了：I’d like to talk about my cousins who are identical twins. Although they look exactly the same, they have completely different characteristics.And it’s kind of weird you know, ‘cause both of their parents, I mean, my uncle and my aunt, are super nice people, and they say apple doesn’t fall far from the tree, but that’s not the case in this family, one of the apples did fall far from the tree.I mean, the older one is such a sweet boy. He’s only a high school student, but he’s so mature and thoughtful. For example, once when they were redecorating their apartment, he gave each of his neighbors a mini speaker. He explained to them, they could block out the noise using the speaker.The other one, however, is really a pain the ass, a super troublemaker, to be exact. Breaking rules is his forte, and he always getsinto trouble at school. He loves to pick a fight with others, and sometimes he could even be a bully. His parents are constantly called into the principal’s office. They really don’t know what to do with him.So you see, it’s funny how twins that grow up under the same roof could have such contrasting personalities.语料解析：identical twins = either of two children or animals born from the same mother at the same time who have developed from a single egg. Identical twins are of the same sex and look very similar.the apple doesnt fall/ never falls far from the tree = (saying) a child usually behaves in a similar way to his or her parent(s)a pain the ass / neck = a person or thing that is very annoyingforte = a thing that somebody does particularly well 例如：Languages were never my forte.pick a fight/ quarrel (with somebody) = to deliberately start a fight or an argument with somebody 例如：He had drunk too much and was ready to pick a fight with anyone who crossed his path.bully = a person who uses their strength or power to frighten or hurt weaker people 例如：the school bullyLeave him alone, you big bully!under one roof = under the same roof = in the same building or house 例如：There are various stores and restaurants all under one roof.I dont think I can live under the same roof as you any longer.contrasting = very different in style, color or attitude 例如：bright, contrasting colorsThe book explores contrasting views of the poets early work.雅思口语范文：an invention change your lifeI think the most brilliant invention in modern life that has dramatically changed our life is smart phones.If I remember right, they were only invented about 10 years ago, when the Apple Company developed the first generation of iphone, but now they are playing an important part in everyone’s life, no matter old or young. It’s fair to say, it has become an indispensable part of our life.The advent of smart phones has changed our lifestyle in so many ways.For starters, it has made shopping and paying bills much more convenient and easier. In the past, we could only shop in physical stores or shop online with our computers, but now, we are able to order stuff wherever and whenever we want. And in China, our smart phone is just like an e-wallet, we don’t have to take a purse or wallet when we go out.And it of course has changed the way we communicate with others.A decade ago, when we want to talk to somebody who’s far away, we can only reach them by calling or texting, but now there are so many other options. For example, leaving a message in one of those chatting apps, or interacting with them on the social networking websites.I guess the only downside of this invention is that it can be a little bit addictive. People tend to spend so much time looking down at their cellphones, which might cause health problems, I guess.雅思语料解析：the advent of something / somebody the coming of an important event, person, invention, etc. 例如：the advent of new technologyreach somebody = to communicate with somebody, especially by telephone 例如：Do you know where I can reach him?downside = the disadvantages or less positive aspects of something 雅思口语：interesting speech or talk所以关于interesting speech这个雅思口语题目，千万别绞尽脑汁回忆自己看过哪些人的speech，就任凭让他们参与个节目，然后结合这位名人的生平，胡乱吹个两分钟就好了。

试卷类型： A2024 学年高三年级调研测试英语2024.10本试卷共10页，满分120分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡第1面和第3面上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号和座位号，将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡的“条形码粘贴处”。

2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试卷上。

3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AScientific Creation ExhibitionOur annual Science Fair will beheld on the10th week from Nov 5 to 8 on school campus.If you are prepared to shine at our School Project Exhibition,the highlight of our exciting science event, please sign up for a presentation now.Participation Details● Open to all high school students.● Work individually or in teams ofup to three members.● Select a scientific topic that interests you. It could be from any field such as physics, chemistry,biology, environmental science, or even one covering 2 to 4 subjects.Guidelines● Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic.● Design and conduct experiments to explore your question.● Prepare a display board that clearly presents your project.● Be ready to explain your project to visitors engagingly and informatively.● Visual aids such as charts and photos are welcome to enhance your presentation.Judging CriteriaJudges would examine everything the participants prepare, and students who enter the finals are encouraged to design their posters in a clear and informative manner to allow pre-interview evaluation and to enable the interview to become an in-depth discussion. Considerable emphasis is placed on two areas: creativity and presentation, especially in the interview section.Creativity: Judges would place emphasis on how imaginative and inventive your project is.Presentation/Interview:The interview provides the opportunity to interact with the finalists and evaluate their understanding of the project’s basic science, interpretation and limitation of the results and conclusions.PrizeJudges will choose the top10honorable science stars, who will each receive a T-shirt of the Science Fair.21. How many team members can you have for a project?A. 2.B. 4.C. 5.D. 10.22. What must the students do in the presentation?A. Use pictures to explain.B. Conduct experiments on stage.C. Write on the blackboard to display.D. Demonstrate research outcomes.23. Who is likely to be awarded science stars?A. Participants who create the best posters.B. Participants presenting projects with limitations.C. Participants with thorough knowledge of science.D. Participants showing imagination in a group discussion.BFor many, the term “orienteering”might bring back images of school trips.The reality of it can be very different, though,and it’s a sport with strong links to athletics.Kris Jones,a British international on the track, was also a silver medallist at the 2022 World Orienteering Championships.This July,I decided to explore the sport by joining in the Edinburgh “sprint orienteering” running through the famous city streets. The aim of the sport is to navigate(导航) between checkpoints marked on a special orienteering map.There is no set route so the skill and fun comefrom trying to find the best way to go,with the ultimate goal being to complete the course in the quickest time.As someone who is used to the convenience of using my phone for navigation, the idea of relying on a traditional map-and-compass approach felt daunting.However, once I got into the swing of things – and learned to hold a map the correct way –the excitement of navigating from one checkpoint to the next quickly got me moving.The unpredictable nature of the race and not knowing the whereabouts of other competitors, really does keep the rush of excitement flowing. You have no idea where you are going or what you are going to see until you pick up the map.I think the sport taking place in an open field of play is really exciting for people to watch. People can stand and watch athletes running across their doorstep. Different athletes will be following different routes. It’s never like a marathon where you might see one athlete a minute ahead in front and you know they are going to win.For orienteering to grow as a sport, it needs greater visibility in top class events. A distant past argument is that it is not an audience-friendly sport, but modern technology now shakes that belief. With the use of mobile phones, drones and body cameras,orienteering can be enjoyed by a much wider audience.24. Why does the author mention Kris Jones in paragraph1?A. To prove orienteering is very popular.B. To show the sport is physically demanding.C. To introduce the achievement of the athlete.D. To emphasise the benefits of taking up orienteering.25. What does the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Challenging.B. Familiar.C. Exciting.D. Convenient.26. What makes orienteering different from a marathon to the audience?A. The phone for navigation.B. The uncertainty of the result.C. The set routine through a city.D. The visibility of runners ’ positions.27. What does the last paragraph imply?A. The running routes should be designed to vary.B. Orienteering is bound to be a world-class event.C. Orienteering is actually an audience-friendly sport.D. Technology can be adopted to popularize the game.CMany cities around the world get more rain than their surroundings.“Just like the way you have an urban heat island, you have an urban rainfall effect,”says Dev Niyogi at the University of Texas at Austin.Niyogi and his colleagues looked at satellite data on rainfall between 2001 and2020 in 1056 cities and nearby rural areas across different climate regions. They found that more than 60 percent of cities were “wet islands”, while some other cities were “dry islands” . For example, Ho Chi Minh City and Sydney were among the wettest anomalies(反常),each with over100millimetres more rainfall than their surroundings per year.Seattle and Rio de Janeiro were among the 10 driest.Cities can boost or reduce rainfall in several ways. Heat absorbed by asphalt (沥青黄沙混合物) and buildings can cause updrafts that help rain clouds to form.The “roughness” of buildings can slow weather systems so they rain over urban areas for longer.Air pollution can seed clouds, although it can also reduce rainfall by cooling the air.Paved surfaces with little vegetation can reduce evaporation, leading to less damp in the air.The influence of these factors varies based on the size and location of cities.The team found larger, more populous cities were more likely to be wet islands.Cities in temperate, tropical and coastal regions tended to have the largest anomalies,while those in mountainous areas generally saw smaller differences.They also found the average difference between wet islands and their surroundings almost doubled over the study period,from 37 to62 millimetres more rainfall per year.Dry anomalies didn’t change. Niyogi says this is because of rapid urbanization combined with warming temperatures due to climate change, which increases the amount of water vapour in the air.Current weather and climate models don’t fully account for the influence of cities on rain. But Niyogi says it may eventually be possible for city planners to consider how their decisions affect rainfall.28. What is “wet island”in the study?A. Rural areas that flood frequently with rains.B. Climate regions along the tropical and coastal areas.C. Cities flooded because of rains in their surroundings.D. Urban areas that saw more rains than their surroundings.29. Which of the following is related to rainfall reduction?A. Asphalt and rough buildings.B. Strong updrafts.C. Paved surface with little vegetation.D. Heated air flow.30. What can be inferred from the research findings?A. Dry anomalies are not easy to change.B. Urban rainfall effects are increasingly serious.C. Mountainous areas do not have rainfall problems.D. Climate change is the main concern in urban rainfall control.31. What is a suitable title for the text?A. Cities are Becoming Victims of Global WarmingB. Development Turns Most Cities into “Wet Islands”C. Country Life Downplays the Harm ofUrban RainfallD. More Rain or Less Rain: It Depends on How Green our Life IsDWho are your best friends on campus? Are they the ones you encountered most often in class? Are they your fellows in drama club or debate society?Something that has to influence whether people become friends is simple physical proximity. And, in fact, the most lasting friendships are developed between people whose paths cross frequently.A number of studies have demonstrated the effects of proximity on who become friends. One was conducted at MIT in the 1940s. The incoming students were randomly assigned to 17 ten-unit apartment buildings that were isolated from other residential areas, and few of them knew one another beforehand.The investigators asked each resident to name the three people in the student housing project with whom they socialized most often. The effect of proximity was striking: two-thirds of those listed as friends lived in the same building as the respondent, even though those in the same building represented only 5 percent of the target residents.More striking still was the pattern of friendships within each building.Even though the physical distance between apartments was quite small—19 feet between the doorways of neighboring apartments and89 feet between those at the ends of each hallway—41 percent of those living in neighboring apartments listed each other as friends, compared with only 10 percent of those living at opposite ends of the hallway.Proximity leads to friendship because it facilitates chance encounters. If so, then pure physical distance should matter less than functional distance—the influence of an architectural layout to encourage or discourage contact between people. The MIT study shows just how important functional distance is. As the following Figure indicates, the stairs are positioned such that upstairs residents will encounter the occupants of apartments at the turn of the stairs much more often than the occupants of the middle apartments. And in fact, the residents of the two stair-end apartment formed twice as many friendships with their upstairs neighbors as those living in the middle apartments.高三英语试卷第 5 页（共10页）Figure of the MIT StudyThus, it’s functional distance more than physical distance that is decisive. Proximity promotes friendship because it brings people together. Actually, in later studies involving more diverse populations, the largest effects of proximity on friendship formation have been found between people of different races, ages, or social classes.32. What can be concluded from the MIT study?A. Friends play an important role in one’s daily life.B. Frequency of encounters decides the living distance.C. People with shared interests are more likely to befriends.D. The more often two people meet, the closer their relationship is.33. What method did the MIT researchers employ in their study?A. Case study.B. Recording analysis.C. In-lab observation.D. Online questionnaire.34. Which apartment’s residents in the Figure above may make most friends in the building?A. Apartment1.B. Apartment 2.C. Apartment 6.D. Apartment 7.35. Why did researchers carry out later studies?A. Previous study results are contradictory.B. Previous study methods lack scientific support.C. The sample in the previous study is not representative.D. The data in the previous study are not up-to-date enough.第二节七选五（共5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分。

2024届高考英语挑战模拟卷【全国卷】学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、听力题1．When does the rainy season start?A. In January.B. In February.C. In November.2．What's wrong with the man's food?A. It's hot.B. It's salty.C. It's tasteless.3．What is Jennifer learning in school now?A. To make sculptures.B. To take pictures.C. To draw.4．Which room has the man finished decorating?A. The living room.B. The bathroom.C. The kitchen.5．Where are the speakers?A. At a hospital.B. In a classroom.C. At a ball field.听下面一段对话，回答下面两个小题。

6．Where does Sam suggest going?A. To a theater.B. To a restaurant.C. To a coffee shop.7．How does Rita feel about the plan?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Disappointed.听下面一段对话，回答下面两个小题。

8．What will Clark help Annie do?A. Clean her apartment.B. Water her plants.C. Feed her dog.9．When will Clark go to Annie's house?A. On Monday.B. On Thursday.C. On Friday.听下面一段对话，回答下面三个小题。

features of tropical mammals托福阅读Tropical regions are known for their diverse wildlife, including a wide variety of mammals. These unique creatures have adapted to the warm and humid environments of the tropics, developing several distinct features that help them thrive in such conditions.One significant feature of tropical mammals is their ability to tolerate high temperatures. The tropical climate can be intense, with temperatures often exceeding 30 degrees Celsius. In response, many tropical mammals have evolved to have larger ears or prominent blood vessels near the skin surface to enhance heat dissipation through convection and radiation. These adaptations allow them to regulate their body temperature and prevent overheating.Another characteristic of tropical mammals is their adeptness in climbing trees. The dense vegetation found in tropical forests provides ample opportunities for arboreal habitation. To make the most of this habitat, many tropical mammals have evolved adaptations such as long limbs and grasping hands or feet, enabling them to move with agility among branches and vines. Additionally, some species possess specialized adaptations like prehensile tails, which serve as a fifth limb, providing added support and balance during acrobatic maneuvers in the treetops.Tropical mammals also showcase a wide array of dietary preferences. Due to the abundant plant life in tropical regions, herbivorous mammals thrive in these ecosystems. The availability of fruits, leaves, and other vegetation allows them to obtain the necessary nutrients for survival. On the other hand, carnivorous mammals in the tropics have adapted to preying on smaller animals that are abundant in these habitats, such as insects, reptiles, and rodents. This diversity in dietary preferences among tropical mammals highlights their adaptability and the rich ecological niches they occupy.Lastly, tropical mammals often possess excellent camouflage abilities. The dense vegetation and vibrant colors found in tropical environments make it necessary for these creatures to blend in with their surroundings. Many mammals have evolved fur or skin coloration that matches the foliage or undergrowth, allowing them to effectively hidefrom predators or silently approach their prey. Such camouflage is crucial for their survival in the densely populated tropical ecosystems.In conclusion, tropical mammals possess a range of unique features that enable them to thrive in the tropical regions. These include adaptations to tolerate high temperatures, climbing abilities, diverse dietary preferences, and excellent camouflage. These remarkable traits showcase the incredible diversity and adaptability of the mammalian species found in tropical ecosystems.。