大学写作课第二章

大学语文课程大纲第一章：课程简介大学语文课程旨在培养学生的语文能力，提高他们的阅读理解、写作表达和语言运用能力。

本课程将通过一系列的学习活动，使学生逐步掌握汉字、词汇、文言文和现代文的基本知识，培养他们的写作能力和文学鉴赏能力。

第二章：教学目标1. 掌握汉字的基本构造、读音和书写规范；2. 积累丰富的词汇，并灵活运用于写作和口语表达中；3. 熟悉文言文的阅读和理解方法，能正确解读古代文献；4. 提升现代文阅读能力，能够理解和分析各类文章；5. 培养学生的写作能力，使其能够清晰、准确地表达自己的思想；6. 培养学生的文学鉴赏能力，使他们能够欣赏和理解优秀的文学作品。

第三章：课程内容1. 汉字学习1.1 汉字的基本构造和书写规范1.2 常见汉字的读音和意义1.3 汉字的常见误用与纠正2. 词汇积累2.1 日常生活词汇的积累与运用2.2 学术词汇的学习与理解2.3 同义词和近义词的辨析和运用3. 文言文阅读3.1 古代文献的阅读技巧和方法3.2 关键词汇和句式的理解与应用3.3 文言文阅读中的常见难点解析4. 现代文阅读4.1 不同体裁、不同主题的现代文阅读4.2 文章结构和逻辑的分析与理解4.3 文章修辞手法和表达技巧的学习与应用5. 写作能力培养5.1 写作的基本要素和结构5.2 文章写作中的逻辑和连贯性5.3 提升写作技巧的训练与实践6. 文学鉴赏6.1 不同文学流派和代表作品的欣赏6.2 文学作品的符号、象征和意义解读6.3 优秀作品的分析和评价第四章：教学方法1. 讲授法：通过讲授基础知识和技巧，并结合实例进行解析。

2. 阅读法：通过阅读和分析文本，培养学生的阅读理解能力。

3. 讨论法：通过学生之间的讨论和交流，促进思想的碰撞和观点的交流。

4. 写作法：通过指导学生写作，提供实践机会，提高写作能力。

第五章：教学评价1. 学生的汉字书写能力、词汇积累情况、文言文阅读理解水平、现代文阅读和写作能力的考核。

课程简介《基础写作》是汉语言文学专业必修的一门专业基础课。

它兼具理论性、实践性和应用性。

它能综合运用其它各专业课程的基础理论和基本知识，因而是知识创新的有效工具，是学习其它课程的动力因素，因而它应该成为汉语言文学专业的核心课程。

开设本课程，旨在培养学生创造性思维，掌握写作的基本规律，并通过多种严格的写作训练，有效地提高学生自身的写作能力，成为“一枝笔”。

具体地说，在本门课程的教学中，应完成以下三项教学任务：第一，要使学生从理论上把握所学文体，掌握必备的写作理论知识。

第二，要引导学生多接触文章实际，加深对所学文体的全面的认识。

阅读是写作的先导和基础，通过范文的阅读，可以直接有所借鉴。

同时，阅读能力本身也是一项很重要的能力，这项能力往往是同一个人的工作水平、思维水平的高低直接相关的。

在教学中，知识的讲授必须结合例文的分析进行，而例文的补充一定要慎重，要选用那些写得规范的文章。

第三，要指导学生进行有效的作文训练，以通过写作实践形成良好的写作习惯和熟练的写作技巧。

勤写多练，一直是在写作教学中倍受重视的教学方法，本门课程也不例外。

光讲不练，是无法达到教学目的的。

总之，本课程的教学，必须坚持理论与实践的统一，在加强基本理论的讲授的同时，还应注重范文阅读和技能训练。

在做到讲读结合，讲练并重的前提下，尤其要在实践性教学环节，或者说写作训练的安排上多下功夫。

第一章写作行为写作行为可定义为：一种以言说的方式创造性地对当下生活作出的战略性反应。

“言说的方式”是指其运用的媒介，“创造性”是指在写作的过程中或表现在成果里的一种属性，而“对当下生活的战略性反应”则指它的社会性，写作是一种社会性行为。

写作行为作为一种社会性反应，作为主体与社会环境的一种“对话”，它的能动性决定于写作主体的人格背景。

主要有两个系统在起作用：一是主体的需求系统，一是主体的价值系统。

前者决定写作的过程，是写作的动力系统；后者决定文章最后写成什么样子，会产生什么效果，是写作的支持系统。

第一章写作的主题第一节主题的含义及其生成一、写作与主题二、主题的定义主题是写作者在说明问题、阐述道理、表现生活以及对生活的认识、感受时，通过全部文章内容所表现出来的基本观点或核心思想。

三、主题的生成从写作主体与写作客体的关系中追溯第二节主题的要求一、主题在文章中的地位及作用主题的地位：有了主题，才能确定文章的体裁和表达方式，才能选择和剪裁文章的材料，才有可能形成趋向完整的写作思路，才有可能将意化的思维转化为物化的作品。

主题的作用：决定着作品的确立与深化，决定着作品的精神品格的层次。

二、主题的基本要求：正确、深刻、集中1、立意要正确2、提炼主题要深刻3、反映主题要集中第三节主题的确立一、限制主题：大处着眼、小处着手、以小见大二、深化主题：挖掘其思想和理论深度第二章写作的材料第一节材料的含义和作用一、材料的概念广义：指大量的直接来源于生活中的事实和现象，以及来源于书本的一些理论和知识狭义：指经作者选择而写进文章中的那部分现象和事理。

二、材料与素材和题材的关系广义的写作材料分为素材与题材。

题材来源于素材，与素材有着紧密的内在联系；题材又不同于素材，与素材有着质的区别。

素材：未加工整理题材：对素材进行加工改造三、文学作品的材料和实用性文章的材料的不同特点1、要求的真实性不同2、所处的地位不同3、选材的范围不同4、情感性与实录性的不同四、材料的作用1、材料是形成主题的基础2、材料是表现主题的手段3、材料可充实文章的内容第二节材料的搜集与整理一、搜集材料的方法1、观察和感受2、调查和采访3、阅读和查找4、上网检索二、怎样整理材料1、鉴别真伪、分辨优劣2、分门别类、科学管理第三节材料的选择和使用一、材料的选择（原则）1、真实2、典型3、新颖二、材料的使用（方法和步骤）1、材料的剪裁2、材料的聚合第三章文章的结构第一节文章结构的概念和特点一、结构的双重含义宏观结构：指文章的总体构思和框架，包括各个部分、段落之间的关系以及文章总的顺序。

⼤学写作课程课后习题答案Unit 1Part III Follow-up Exercises3. write a focused topic sentence for the following subjects:1) looking for jobsA person can look for a job in several ways.2) penguinsPenguins resemble human beings in many respects.3) personalityOne’s personality plays an important role in foreign language learning.4) weatherLiving in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.4. Read the following paragraphs and write a topic sentence for each of them in the space provided.Paragraph 1: All inventions are either basic inventions or improvements on earlier inventions. Paragraph 2: There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday.Paragraph 3: Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.5. Read the following paragraphs and 1) underline the topic sentence of each paragraph, and 2) mark out the sentences that do not support the topic sentence in the paragraph.1) topic sentencesParagraph 1: The world had enjoyed many benefits from the invetnion of the telephone. Paragraph 2: I had a terrible morning today.2)sentences that do not support the topic sentence in the paragraphParagraph 1: Many people do not like writing letters to each other. And nowadays, the Internet has brought us more convenience.Paragraph 2: I heard that he was also very strict with his own children.6. Pick out the topic sentence from the following group of sentences and restore the logical sequence of the others and decide where to put the topic sentence.Topic sentence: 5) Generally speaking, there are many attractions of living in a city.Logical sequence of the sentences: 5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 9, 8, 3, 2.7. Put the following words and phrases in the blankets; each word and phrase can only be used once.(1) First of all(2) Secondly(3) By and by(4) In addition(5) In short8. Read the following paragraph and find out what techniques have been used to achieve coherence.1) repetition of key words : junk food, students2) use of transitional signals: for one reason, also, as a result, however3) use of pronouns: they, their, thisUnit 2Part III Follow-up Exercises3. Here is a list of events in time order with a given topic sentence. Organize them into a coherent paragraph by using linking devices and making some necessary alternations.Topic sentence: When I was a child, we never varied our Christmas Eve ritual.1) , when 2) 3) As soon as 4) , 5) 6) Meanwhile, 7) Finally, 8) After 9), 10) and 11) Ad 12) , 13) Then 14) 15)4. Restore the logical sequence of the following sentences and completer the table.Logical sequence of the sentences:4, 10, 5, 12, 3, 7, 15, 9, 14, 2, 11, 8, 13, 6, 1Topic sentence: My family spent two fun-filled days at Disney World last year.Concluding sentence: Although we were very tired at midnight, we agreed that our two-day vacation at Disney World was one of the best we had ever had.5. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; some can be used twice.(1) Then (2) morning (3) afternoon (4) Then(5) After that (6) when (7) already (8) afterPart III Follow-up Exercises3. logical sequence of the sentence:3, 6, 1, 4, 7, 5, 2Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.4. Read the following passage and 1) underline the space signals in it; 2) discuss how effectively they help to achieve coherence.1) in above in front of under through behind2) The central focus is “a shocking experience.” To support the main idea, the writer uses a lot of descriptions and organizes these details according to the space relationship, and thus coherence is achieved.5. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; each word and phrase can only be used once.(1) into(2) crosses(3) In the center of(4) Outside(5) inside(6) On the front(7) over(8) down(9) lined with(10) At the rear6. Disscuss in what order this paragraph is developed.This paragraph is developed in a circular order, i.e. from east to north, and then to southPart III Follow-up Exercises3. Read the following passage and 1) decide in which pattern of process analysis it is organized; 2) complete the table.1) Pattern: description with supplementary explanations.2) the tableSteps of the processStep 1 Wooden casks are first interconnected and then stacked in tiers.Step 2 Young sherries are poured into the casks at the top wheras the mature sherries are drawn out of the casks at the bottom.Step 3 Different sherries are constantly mixed up.Result of the effortStep 1 noStep 2 One third of the content is drawn out of one cask in any one year.Step 3 Special characteristics of the different sherries are maintained year after year.4. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; some can be used twice.(1) with(2) while(3) slowly(4) Gradually(5) with(6) By this time(7) Suddenly8) final(9) ending(10) applause5. Task OneThe following paragraph is written according to the type of the exclusive description of process. Work in groups to identify 1) procedures of the festival in Japan; 2) linking devices that connect these procedures.Procedures of celebrating the festival:Step 1: Prepare and lay out food; make the special lanterns.Step 2: Keep dancing and singing overnight.Step 3: Throw the food and lanterns into a river or sea.Step 4: Watch the lanterns drifting way.Linking words and phrases that connect these procedures:Firstly, also, afterward, then, signals the endPart III Follow-up Exercises3. Read the following two paragraphs and 1) decide in which pattern of examplification each one is organized; 2) complete the outline for paragraph B.1) Paragraph A follows Pattern 2, which uses one extended example to illustrate the controlling idea. Paragraph B follows Pattern 1, which uses several examples to illustrate the topic sentence.2)The outline for paragraph B:Topic sentence: Working in an apple plant was the worst job I ever had.Examples:1. First of all, the work was physically hard.Specific details:1) For ten hours a night, I took cartons that rolled down a metal track and stacked them onto wooden skids in a tractor trailer.2) Each carton contained twelve 32-ounce cans or bottles of apple juice, and they were heavy.2. The second bad feature of the job was the pay.Specific details:I was getting the minimum wage at that time, $1.25 an hour, plus a minimum of a nickel extra for working the night shift.3. The worst feature of the apple plant job was the working conditions.Specific details:1) During work we were limited to two 10-minute breaks and an unpaid half-hour for lunch.2) The steel floors of the trucks were like ice; the quickly penetrating cold made my feet feel like stone.Concluding sentence: I felt humiliated by the poverty that forced me to do such a bitter job.4. Restore the logical sequence of the following sentences and decide in which pattern of exemplification the text is written. Logical sequence of the sentences:3, 6, 1, 8, 2, 4, 7, 5,Pattern: It follows Patten 1 and uses many examples to illustrate the controlling idea.5. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; each word and phrase can only be used once.(1) For example(2) Furthermore(3) In still another instance(4) Even(5) his(6) these(7) contemporary6. If you want to write a paragraph to prove that some of the laws in Masssachusetts seemridiculously funny in today’s world, pick out the effective examples you will use form among the listed seven examples. Examples 2, 3 and 5 are relevant and specific. They are effective examples that can be used. Examples 1 and 7 are not specific, though relevant.Examples 4 and 6 are completely irrelevant. They don’t refer to a Massachusetts law.7. Read each group of the following examples, then write a topic sentence.1) Topic sentence: I’ve never seen a girl as lazy as Arena.2) Topic sentence: English teachers are applying different means to teach English language.3) Topic sentence: Americans have been decreasing their working hours since the early 1900s.4) Topic sentence: My father has been a generous man to his children.Uint 6Part III Follow-up Exercises3. To write a definition paragraph, the first step is usually to place the term in a class or category, and then describe what you think are the special features that distinguish the term from all the other members in the class. Now fill in the table by putting the terms in an appropriate category. SubjectRepublicClass: a form of governmentCharacteristics: in which power resides in the people (the electorate)WolfClass: a large, dog-like carnivorous mammalCharacteristics: with yellowish or brownish gray and coarse fur, erect pointed ears, and a bushy tailJazzClass: a style of musicCharacteristics: that features improvisation and performancepersistenceClass: a kind of qualityCharacteristics: not giving up even during rough times4. Read the following definitions and discuss what problems each has and then improve them.1) ,2) The expression “is where” and “is when” should not be used to begin the main part of a definiton. The linking verb “is”should be followed by a noun, a pronoun or an adjective. Improved: 1) A stadium is a structure or building in which sports spectaculars are held.2) Socialism is a theory or system of community organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production, capital, land and so forth, in the community as a whole.3) This is a circular definition, a practice of defining a term with the term itself.Improved: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use the energy of light to produce compounds, such as sugar and starch, from a number of substances including water and carbon dioxide.4) The subject is defined in a language equally or more complex than the original.Improved: surreptitious means “secret.”5) Exemplification is mistaken for definition; the examples are good for clarification, but they do not define.Improved: Political conservatives are people who are dedicated to preserving the existing conditions, such as WilliamF.Buckley, Jr., and Pat Robertson.6) It is a generalization rather than a precise definiton, for the concept is defined with characteristics without being first put under a class or category.Improved: Hearing aids are a kind of device which enables deaf people to hear sounds such asnormal speech.5. Task OneRestore the logical sequence of the following sentences to form a well-ordered definition. Logical sequence of the sentences: 2, 1, 3, 5, 4, 6,Task ThreeRead again the sentences in the arrangement you have established and fill in the following blanks. -- The purpose of the paragraph is to explain a Spanish word which has no exact English equivalent.-- The two main characteristics of machismo are courageous behavior and earthy sexuality.-- Also is the transitional word that leads you from the first characteristic to the second one.6. Following are a topic sentence and some supporting points for a paragraph that defines “rudeness.” Please plan out and write the secondary supporting details using the methods you have learned in this unit to develop the definition.Unit 7Part III Follow-up Exercises3. Read the following passage and 1) decide in which pattern of cause and effect it is organized;2)complete the table.1) pattern: single effect and multiple causes.2) causes(1) got drunk at the party(2) had taken the drug of Accutane(3) adolescent depressionEffect:Bart Jr’s suicide4. Restore the logical sequence of the following sentences and decide in which pattern of cause and effect the text is written. Logical sequence of the sentences:2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5,Pattern of cause and effect:single effect and multiple causes.5.Task one. The following paragraph is written in a cause-and-effect pattern. Work in groups to identify 1) the topic under discussion; 2) points covered in terms of cause and effect.Topic: Society itself may be producing the distortions of personality, mental illness, and emotional instability.1)society’s compartmentalizing2)society’s competitive demands3) inability to rebelEffectDistortions of personality, etc.Part III Follow-up Exercises3. Complete the following outlines for paragraps of classification. Keep in mind the principles of classification.1) Topic: University Students’ EntertainmentTopic sentence: Uni versity students’ entertainment can be divided into three categories according to where it takes place. Division:a) entertainment at homeb) enterainment on campusc) entertainment elsewhere2) Topic: Roles of Young Married Women in SocietyTopic sentence: The average young married woman in today’s society has her life divided into three different roles. Division:a) the role of lifeb) the role of motherc) the role of self3) Topic: NeighborsTopic sentence: Neighbors fall into three categories according to their different attitudes towards you.Division:a) those who are friendlyb) those who are indifferentc) those who hate you5. Restore the logical sequence of the following sentences and complete the outline.Logical sequence of the sentences:7, 3, 10, 9, 1, 5, 8 ,4, 2 ,11, 6,Subject: Christmas giftsTopic sentence: Christmas gifts can be divided into three groups, according to their after-Christmas fate.Division:a) those that are welcomed and put into use very soonb) those that are halfway between being hated and lovedc) those that you banish as soon as possible.Concluding sentence: By New Year’s Day, you have either used, stored or disposed of each of your Christmas gifts.6. Put the following words and phrase in the blanks; each word and phrase can only be used once.(1) types(2) Though(3) Finally(4) however(5) Even though(6) Before(7) third(8) If(9) Then(10) thesePart III Follow-up exercises3. Read the following paragraph and 1) decide in which pattern of comparison and contrast it is organized; 2) complete the table.Pattern: point-by-pointSubject 1: Western HomesPoint:Room function: Each room has its own function.Table: Each home has several tables for different functions.Door: Western homes have fixed, hinged doors.Subject 2: Japanese HomesPoint:Room function: One room serves all the functions.Table: One low table serves all the purposes.Door: Japanese homes have lightweight sliding doors.4. Restore the logical sequence of the following sentences and decide in which pattern of comparison and contrast the text is written.Logical sequence of the sentences:5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 8, 7, 1Pattern of comparison and constrast: subject by subject5. Put the following words in the blanks; some can be used twice.(1) similar(2) although(3) difference(4) identical(5) again(6) while(7) But(8) difference(9) consistency(10) completelyPart III Follow-up Exercises3. The following incomplete paragraph leads you to make your own generalization. On the basis of the examples given, writea conclusion of the paragraph.General Statement: The enormous importance of television news had started the process of change in the printed press.5. Presenting sufficient details to develop a generalization is one of the basic concerns in paragraphing. The use of a three-level outline is usually helpful. Please complete the outline by arranging the ideas given in the box and providing supporting details.A. Programs on TV tend to have a high level of maturity.(1) fostering maturity at early age or hindering maturity(2) misleading children to imitating scenes on TVB. TV serials or dramas may oversimplify complex social and psychological problems.(1) enjoying simple-minded soap operas and stereotyped characters(2) giving a false picture of realityC. Informative and cultural programs are frequently interrupted by vulgar advertising.(1) too many commercials(2) an insult even to the intelligence of a moronGeneralization: In brief, it is harmful and damaging for children to watch too much television.6. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; some can be used twice while some may not be used.(1) Thus(2) When(3) also(4) however(5) Moreover(6) indeed(7) also(8) Yet(9) and(10) ThusPart III Follow-up Exercises3. Analyze the following sketch and decide how the character is described.The description centers on one trait of personality: Uncle Amo’s being ordinary and average in life.4. Read the following passage and 1) find out how many techniques appear in it and which of them stands out; 2) complete the table.There are obviously three methods used: comparison (1), generalization (2,4), and cause-effect (3).The one that stands out is generalization.Part III Follow-up Exercises3. Choose some of the following subjects and turn them into thesis statements. Pay attention to4. Read the following composition carefully and then point out the details that are not relevant to the thesis statement.1) For example, some people don’t like to stay at home after work.2) I once stopped drinking for a while.3) The world we live in is changing every day.4) And the price of tobacco has been going up on the international market.5) A lot of people have successfully given up smoking now.5. Read the following composition carefully and answer the following questions.Questions1) What is the thesis statement? And where is it?The thesis statement is “there are minor differences between them in three areas.” It is the second sentence in the first paragraph.2) What is the function of each of the paragraphs in terms of organizational pattern? And what3) How does the composition achieve coherence?By repetition of key words: difference, British English, American English.By using transitional words and phrases: in terms of, in addition to, second, third, generally speaking.6. Complete the following two tasks.Task OneFill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word or phrases.(1) usually(2) often(3) Since(4) on the other hand(5) also(6) but(7) AlthoughTask TwoUnit 13Part III Follow-up Exercises3. Tell which of the following sentences use the technique of “telling” and which use the technique of “showing” in narrating what happened.Sentences that tell: 1, 3, 6Sentences that show: 2, 4, 55. Rearrange the following sentences in a chronological order to tell a story.Logical sequence of the sentences:8, 3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 13, 2, 6, 12, 4, 11, 106. Put the following words and phrases in the blanks; change the form where necessary. Some can be used more than once.(1) While(2) in the morning(3) in the evening(4) While(5) until(6) while(7) before(8) at six o’clock(9) As soon as(10) Unfortunately(11) What’s more(12) After(13) the next morning(14) later(15) Luckily(16) until(17) at last。

第一章单元测试1、判断题：All there is to writing is having ideas. To learn to write is to learn to have ideas. —Robert Frost ( )选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】2、判断题：People write for a real purpose.( )选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】3、判断题：Good writing should be difficult and straight. ( )选项：A:错B:对答案: 【错】4、单选题：The examiners pay more attention to ______.选项：A:end productB: vocabularyC:process答案: 【end product 】5、多选题：The purpose of writing is ______ the readers.选项：A:entertainB:displayC:stimulateD:to inform答案: 【entertain ;display;stimulate ;to inform】6、多选题：The purpose of writing is ______ the readers.选项：A:stimulateB:entertainC:displayD:to inform答案: 【stimulate ;entertain ;display;to inform】7、多选题：The purpose of writing is ______ the readers.选项：A:stimulateB:to informC:displayD:entertain答案: 【stimulate ;to inform;display;entertain 】8、多选题：The purpose of writing is ______ the readers.选项：A:entertainB:stimulateC:to informD:display答案: 【entertain ;stimulate ;to inform;display】第二章单元测试1、判断题：A topic states the main idea of a paragraph.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】2、判断题：It is also likely that a topic sentence comes at the very end of aparagraph,functioning as a summary or a conclusion.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】3、判断题：The supporting sentence is a general statement that can cover all other information in the paragraph.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【错】4、判断题：Sentences that provide specific details ,e.g, explanation,reasons,examples,statistics or facts are supporting sentences.选项：A:对B:错答案: 【对】5、判断题：A topic sebtence is always the first sentence of a paragraph.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【错】第三章单元测试1、单选题：Which of the following sentence is a thesis statement?选项：A:The computer can help students do research.B:Let’s discus s the benefits of the computer.C:I want to introduce the benefits of the computer.D:The benefits of the computer.答案: 【The computer can help students do research.】2、单选题：How many ideas should a thesis statement express toward one topic?选项：A:one.B:three.C:two.D:as many as possible.答案: 【one.】3、多选题：Which of the followingsentence could express the function of the thesis statement?选项：A:The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader.B:The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.C:The thesis statement can provoke the reader’s interests on the paper.D:The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.答案: 【The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader. ;The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.;The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.】4、多选题：What could the thesis statement express?选项：A:ideaB:expectationC:attitudeD:opinion答案: 【idea;attitude;opinion】5、单选题：Normally where should a writer put the thesis statement?选项：A:in the middle of the article.B:at the beginningC:anywhere.D:in the end.答案: 【in the end.】6、多选题：Which of the followingsentence could express the function of the thesis statement?选项：A:The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader.B:The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.C:The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.D:The thesis statement can provoke the reader’s interests on the paper.答案: 【The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader. ;The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.;The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.】7、多选题：What could the thesis statement express?选项：A:attitudeB:opinionC:expectationD:idea答案: 【attitude;opinion;idea】8、多选题：Which of the followingsentence could express the function of the thesis statement?选项：A:The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.B:The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.C:The thesis statement can provoke the reader’s interests on the paper.D:The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader.答案: 【The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.;The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.;The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader. 】第四章单元测试1、单选题：An abstract of an article, document, or speech is a ____ piece of writing that gives the main points of it.选项：A:longB:shortC:rightD:Different答案: 【short 】2、单选题：____ abstracts usually describe what the paper is about, the topic, purpose, scope, and method of the paper.选项：A:SuggestiveB:DescriptiveC:PositiveD:Informative答案: 【Descriptive 】3、单选题：___ abstracts are not only describe the topic, purpose, scope and the method of the research or paper, but also provide the information about results, conclusions, or recommendations.选项：A:SensitiveB:NegativeC:InformativeD:Descriptive答案: 【Informative 】4、多选题：Abstracts should be composed of the following elements:_____选项：A:purpose of the paperB:method of the researchC:conclusionsD:background答案: 【purpose of the paper ;method of theresearch ;conclusions ;background 】5、多选题：There are two common ways to end an abstract with:选项：A: recommendationsB:a general implicationC:detailsD:discussions答案: 【 recommendations ;a general implication 】6、多选题：Abstracts should be composed of the following elements:_____选项：A:method of the researchB:backgroundC:purpose of the paperD:conclusions答案: 【method of the research ;background ;purpose of the paper ;conclusions 】7、多选题：Abstracts should be composed of the following elements:_____选项：A:backgroundB:method of the researchC:conclusionsD:purpose of the paper答案: 【background ;method of the research ;conclusions ;purpose of the paper 】8、多选题：Abstracts should be composed of the following elements:_____选项：A:purpose of the paperB:conclusionsC:backgroundD:method of the research答案: 【purpose of the paper ;conclusions ;background ;method of the research 】9、多选题：There are two common ways to end an abstract with:选项：A:detailsB:a general implicationC:discussionsD: recommendations答案: 【a general implication ; recommendations 】第五章单元测试1、判断题：Practical English is a special language used in the situations of practical work. 选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】2、判断题：Practical English writing communicates specific and factual information to a particular audience for a specific purpose.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】3、判断题：Practical writing has its own features in practicality, reality, certainty, formality, and informality.选项：A:错B:对答案: 【对】4、判断题：Clarity refers to easy reading.选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】5、判断题：To achieve clarity in practical writing, writers should keep sentences long and write in passive voice.选项：A:对B:错答案: 【错】。

大学生毕业论文写作教程第二章第二章选题与立意一、选题的原则毕业论文选题是毕业生毕业之路上最需要谨慎处理的问题之一，要选一个浩繁功课基本、有代表性、有研究价值又不至于无法完成的毕业论文题目，还要有匠人的立意，窥察研讨给出的题目是否能建设性地开拓主题。

因而，选好一个有代表性的题目，有利于学生毕业后的深造和就业。

对于选题的原则通常有以下几个:1.可行性：再好的题目，假如在时间、条件和资源上产生了太多的限制，则就毫无意义。

因而，咱们要保证自己的题目在时间上可行，有足够的时间去停止研究；在条件与资源上也需求有所保证，不然就会造成毕业论文研讨过程中时常受到中止，前功尽弃。

2.有可比性：模拟研究，能够如真实环境一样模拟，在假实中产生结果。

毕业论文也必需选择一个主题能够为学术研究作出一定的贡献，有代表性，该主题能既能在现实中有所运用，又能扩大应用范畴，达到相对普适的知识价值。

建议应在此基础上停止挑选。

3.有前景性:题目的前途性是较为重要的，最少要针对一定范畴的社会行业有一定的应用价值。

有着必定的前景要求是为了保证学术研讨的有价值性与实践，也为自己之后的发展进程提供了非常大的保障。

4.个人兴趣爱好：在进行毕业论文的挑选时，大多数人都会追求研究的价值，但是这并不是唯一的准则，毕业生的兴趣爱好非常重要。

假如在自己不感兴趣的范畴中时常感到空虚，这种学术研讨的深度就很难到达。

在做自己不感兴趣的事情时，往往会缺乏创意和社交能力。

经过长时间的研究和探讨，终究会离开实际问题，自欺欺人，畴昔会成为不断的困惑。

二、挑选课题的方法1.了解您的领域如何确定自己的研究范畴呢？当然，首先，您需求做的是搜集大量的资料，深入理解各种学术视角，植根于您的个人兴趣、知识水平。

寻找您许多可以关注的主题/主张并去了解。

2.关注您感兴趣的现象/问题您能从爱好、专业、社会科学中找到足够的织物，了解社会现象并为此寻找答案、解释、意见和观点。

您对某些问题更加敏感，对某些话题更感兴趣。

大学英语写作网络课程（黑龙江联盟）知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新佳木斯大学第一章测试1.All there is to writing is having ideas. To learn to write is to learn to haveideas. --- Robert Frost ( )参考答案:对2.People write for a real purpose.( )参考答案:对3.Good writing should be difficult and straight. ( )参考答案:错4.The examiners pay more attention to ______.参考答案:end product5. The purpose of writing is ______ the readers.参考答案:stimulate ;to inform;display;entertain第二章测试1. A topic states the main idea of a paragraph.参考答案:对2.It is also likely that a topic sentence comes at the very end of aparagraph,functioning as a summary or a conclusion.参考答案:对3.The supporting sentence is a general statement that can cover all otherinformation in the paragraph.参考答案:错4.Sentences that provide specific details ,e.g,explanation,reasons,examples,statistics or facts are supporting sentences.参考答案:对5. A topic sebtence is always the first sentence of a paragraph.参考答案:错第三章测试1.Which of the following sentence is a thesis statement?参考答案:The computer can help students do research.2.How many ideas should a thesis statement express toward one topic?参考答案:one.3.Which of the followingsentence could express the function of the thesisstatement?参考答案:The thesis statement keeps you to the subject.;The thesis statement can arouse a feeling of anticipation in the reader. ;The thesis statement can show you how to develop your paper according to what method and in how many divisions-making it easier to write.4. What could the thesis statement express?参考答案:opinion;idea;attitude5. Normally where should a writer put the thesis statement?参考答案:in the end.第四章测试1.An abstract of an article, document, or speech is a ____ piece of writing thatgives the main points of it.参考答案:short2.____ abstracts usually describe what the paper is about, the topic, purpose,scope, and method of the paper.参考答案:Descriptive3.___ abstracts are not only describe the topic, purpose, scope and the methodof the research or paper, but also provide the information about results,conclusions, or recommendations.参考答案:Informative4.Abstracts should be composed of the following elements:_____参考答案:method of the research ;conclusions ;purpose of thepaper ;background5.There are two common ways to end an abstract with:参考答案:a general implication ; recommendations第五章测试1.Practical English is a special language used in the situations of practicalwork.参考答案:错2.Practical English writing communicates specific and factual information to aparticular audience for a specific purpose.参考答案:对3.Practical writing has its own features in practicality, reality, certainty,formality, and informality.参考答案:对4.Clarity refers to easy reading.参考答案:错5.To achieve clarity in practical writing, writers should keep sentences longand write in passive voice.参考答案:错。