判断题ABCDE1.Digital firms are more competitive and efficient because nearly all core businessprocesses are digitally enabled.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.112.A formal information system can be a manual one.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.163.Data workers process paperwork.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.214.Each level of management has different information needs and information systemrequirements.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.215.A network requires at least three computers.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.226.All information systems are behavioral systems.Answer: False Difficulty: HardReference: p.267.Changes in company strategy usually do not require changes in the use ofinformation technologies.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.271.At each level of the organization there are information systems supporting themajor functional areas of the business.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.412.A sales order entry system would be considered a management informationsystem.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.43 3.Decision-support systems explicitly include user-friendly software.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.46 4.ESS address nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insightbecause there is no agreed-on procedure for arriving at a solution.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.47 5.Executive support systems serve the management level of the organization, addressproblems where the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fullypredefined in advance, and use internal information from TPS and MIS. Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.476.At the operational level, sales and marketing systems assist in locating andcontacting prospective customers, tracking sales, processing orders, and providing customer service support.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.49 7.Enterprise applications span the entire firm, integrating information from multiplefunctions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.55 8.At each level of the organization there are information systems supporting themajor functional areas of the business.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.41 9.A sales order entry system would be considered a management informationsystem.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.4310.Decision-support systems explicitly include user-friendly software.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.4611.ESS address nonroutine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insightbecause there is no agreed-on procedure for arriving at a solution.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.4712.Executive support systems serve the management level of the organization,address problems where the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully predefined in advance, and use internal information from TPS and MIS.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.4713.At the operational level, sales and marketing systems assist in locating andcontacting prospective customers, tracking sales, processing orders, and providing customer service support.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.4914.Enterprise applications span the entire firm, integrating information from multiplefunctions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.551.All organizations develop standard operating procedures, politics, and cultures.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.752.Environments generally change faster than organizations do.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.773.As the cost of information systems technology falls, it is substituted for labor.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.814.Differentiation is a strategy useful at the business level.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.90petitive forces model is an appropriate model used for analysis at the firmlevel.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.99 1.E-commerce greatly increases market entry costs for merchants.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 115 2.Electronic data interchanges (EDI) are based on proprietary systems.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1243.Digital checks are more expensive than traditional credit cards; however they aremuch faster than traditional paper-based checking.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1304.Alipay(支付宝) systems enable consumers to make instant online payments tomerchants and other individuals based on value stored in a digital account.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1295.An intranet typical uses a portal to provide a single point of access to internalsystems and documents using a Web interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1311.Application service providers do not provide services such as the use of softwareapplications to small and medium-sized companies.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.2161. A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy that starts with bits and bytes.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2302. A record consists of a grouping of characters into a word or group of words.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2303.Every record in a file should contain at least one key field.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2304.DBMS separate the logical and physical views of the data.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference:p.2335. A record in a relational database is called a tuple.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2366.Data warehouses use only internal data sources.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference:p.2457.Data mining is a collection of information from internal and/or external sourcesorganized specifically for decision-making purposes.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference:p.2468.Data mining is used to find patterns in small sets of data.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference:p. 2461.A switch is a device that connects multiple computers into a network in whichmultiple communications links can be in operation simultaneously.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.268 2.Domain name system converts IP addresses to domain names.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.2773.An intranet is an internal organizational Internet that is guarded against outsideaccess by special security hardware and/or software called a firewall.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference:p.2861.Enterprise analysis determines the information requirements of an organizationby first determining the organization's critical success factors.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 4962.An organizational change involving a paradigm shift is low risk and high return. Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 5003.Before reengineering, management must understand and measure theperformance of existing processes as a baseline.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 5024.End-user-developed systems can be completed more rapidly than thosedeveloped through the conventional systems lifecycle.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.5191.All capital budgeting methods rely on measures of cash flow into and out of thefirm.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.5372. A poorly designed user interface can spell failure for an entire system. Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.5493. A highly structured project will run a much greater risk of failure than will ahighly unstructured project.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 553FGHIJrmation systems knowledge is not essential for a manager because thetechnology moves too quickly for him or her to keep up with and run the business at the same time.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.49.IT is an abbreviation commonly used to refer to Internet technology.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.4rmation technology has become the largest component of capital investmentfor firms in the United States and many industrialized societies.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.411.In contemporary systems there is a growing interdependence betweenorganizational business strategy, rules, and procedures and the organization'sinformation systems.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.6ernments on all levels are using Internet technologies to deliver informationand services to citizens, employees, and businesses with which they work. Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.913.In an information system, input, processing, and output produce data. Answer: False Difficulty: HardReference: p.1514.Feedback helps the organization evaluate input.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.15 15.Formal systems are structured and are not easily changed.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference:p.16rmation systems technology has become an array of technologies not limitedto computers.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.16rmation systems are designed to provide solutions to organizational problems. Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.19 Integrating many different systems is extremely time consuming and complex.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.486.In the microeconomic definition of organizations, capital and labor aretransformed by the firm through the production process into products and services.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.73rmation technology usually does not reduce internal management costs.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.818.Increasing use of Internet technology will probably result in simpler businessprocesses, fewer employees, and much flatter organizations than in the past.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.85rmation partnership help firms gain access to new customers, creating newopportunities for cross-selling and trading products.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.996.Internet technology can be used to run an entire business because its technologyand standards enable information to flow seamlessly between different parts of the organization.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1157.In C2C electronic commerce, companies sell directly to each other without the useof a middleman.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1202.In client/server computing, the client is the user point of entry, whereas the servertypically processes and stores shared data.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.1913.IT infrastructure costs include costs for technology consulting, education, andtraining.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2209.In a traditional file environment, any change in data requires a change in allprograms that access the data.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.23310.In a relational database, the three basic operations used to develop useful sets ofdata are select, form, and join.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.236rmation for targeted marketing is often gathered through data mining.Answer: True Difficulty: MediumReference: p.2464.In the acronym TCP/IP, the IP refers to the Internet Protocol that handles themovement of data between computers.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.2695.High speed telecommunications channels only use fiber optics.Answer: False Difficulty: MediumReference: p.2715.If a software package solution is selected, the organization will lose its totalcontrol over the system design process.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 521KLMNOPQ18.Often, what the organization would like to do depends on what its systems willpermit it to do.Answer: True Difficulty: MediumReference: p.619.Major industrial powers are being transformed to knowledge- andinformation-based service economies and leaving manufacturing to the third-world countries.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.1120.Knowledge is data that have been shaped into a meaningful form.Answer: False Difficulty: HardReference: p.1321.Most standard operating procedures are informal work practices.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2122.Knowledge workers are engineers or architects who design products or services.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.21anizational politics are the basis for conflict.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2115.Management information systems generally depend on underlying transactionprocessing systems for their data.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.4416.Management information systems are generally flexible and have a lot ofanalytical capability.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 4517.Many businesses need systems that will integrate information for the variousorganizational levels and functions.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.4810.Managers will need to adjust both the organization and the technology to achieveoptimal results.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.72anizations are social structures.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.7312.Political resistance is one of the great difficulties in bringing about organizationalchange.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.76anizations generally have more features in common with each other than theyhave unique features.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.78work economics is a strategic concept useful at the firm level.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.98 8.Private industrial networks rely on intranets to coordinate processes between abusiness and its suppliers and other key business partners.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1259.M-commerce applications are especially popular in Europe, Japan, and SouthKorea.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1204.Open-source software is free and can be modified by users, but the softwarecannot be redistributed by the user without additional licensing.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.209rge-scale enterprise software systems provide a single, integrated, worldwidesoftware system for firms at a cost much more than they would pay if theydeveloped it themselves.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.21612.Political resistance is one challenge in changing the current DBMS or going into anew one.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.2506.Local area networks are mainly used to connect computers and other informationprocessing devices within a large city or metropolitan area.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.272anizations should develop an information systems plan that supports theiroverall business plan.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 4967.One of the most important strategic decisions that a firm can make is decidinghow to use computers to improve business processes.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 502 8.New information systems are always built as a solution to some problem theorganization believes it faces.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 5069.Prototyping is an alternative to the traditional systems lifecycle.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 51710.Prototyping is best suited for the design of end-user interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 5174.Most information systems are seriously out of date in two to four years.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.539 ck of management support is a major reason for system failures.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.553RSTUVWXYZ24.Some very large companies are now using Internet to conduct virtually everyaspect of their business.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.725.Senior managers carry out the plans and goals of the organization.Answer: False Difficulty: HardReference: p.2126.The two contemporary approaches to information systems are technical andbehavioral.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2527.To work properly, an information system must balance technology and humanbehavior and requirements, even if less-than-optimal technology must be used.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2718.The principal purpose of operational-level systems is to develop goals andstrategies.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.4019.Transaction processing systems are the basic business systems that serve theoperational level of the organization.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.43 20.Transaction processing systems work directly with all the other organizationalsystems.Answer: False Difficulty: HardReference: p.4821.The various types of information systems in an organization are tightly coupled.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.4822.The accounting function is responsible for maintaining and managing the firm'sfinancial records to account for the flow of funds in the firm.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.5215.Technological change does not change who owns and controls information, butdoes control who has the right to access and update that information.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.7416.The technical and behavioral definitions of organizations are contradictory.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.7417.The value chain model classifies all company activities as either primary orsupport.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.91 18.Value webs are flexible and adapt quickly to changes in supply and demand.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.9119.The competitive forces model was created for today’s digital firm.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.99 6.SAP, PeopleSoft, and Oracle all develop enterprise application software.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.1997.Replacing legacy systems is cost prohibitive and generally not necessary if theseolder systems can be integrated into a contemporary infrastructure.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.2038.Software that functions as a translation layer between two non-communicatingapplications so they can work together is called middleware.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.2129.Scalability refers to the decision of whether a firm should rent or buy enterprisesoftware packages.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.21810.The total cost of owning technology resources includes costs for hardware andsoftware upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and training.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.22013.The presence of duplicate data in multiple data files is called program-datadependence.Answer: False Difficulty: MediumReference: p.23214.The DBMS acts as an interface between the application programs and thephysical data files.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.23315.Structured Query Language is the standard data manipulation language forrelational database management systems.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.23416.The most popular type of DBMS today for PCs as well as for larger computers andmainframes is the hierarchical DBMS.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.23617.The relational database model has low flexibility.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyReference: p.2407.The network operating system is responsible for managing communication on aLAN and for coordination network resources.Answer: True Difficulty: MediumReference: p.26811.The weakness of the CSF approach is that it produces an enormous amount ofdata.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 49812.The CSF approach to system development relies on interviews with keymanagers.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 49913.The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is business processreengineering.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 50014.Systems development activities usually take place in sequential order.Answer: True Difficulty: EasyReference: p. 50615.The feasibility study is included in the systems analysis.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 50616.Systems design details how a system will meet the information requirements asdetermined by the systems analysis.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 50717.The oldest method for building information systems is prototyping.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 516 18.The systems lifecycle methodology emphasizes formal specifications and divisionof labor.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 51619.The first step in prototyping is to identify the user’s basic requirements.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 517ing an outsourcer to develop or operate applications can be dangerousbecause the results can give the outsourcer a competitive advantage.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.5226.The scoring model is a quick method for arriving at a decision on alternativesystems.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.5447.Relying on purely technical considerations can result in a systemthat fails to serve organizational needs.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.549选择题ABCDE1.Data shaped into meaningful form are called:A) A databank B)FeedbackC) Knowledge D)InformationAnswer: D Difficulty: EasyReference: p.132.All information systems can be described as organizational and managementsolutions to:A) conflict. B)technology requirements.C) challenges posed by the environment. D) the globalization of business. Answer: C Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.193.Creating products and services is a business function of:A) manufacturing and production. B) finance.C) accounting. D)sales and marketing.Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.214.Engineers or architects who design products or services are called:A) data workers. B) service workers.C) information specialists. D) knowledge workers.Answer: D Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.215.Employees whose jobs are principally to use, manipulate, or disseminateinformation are all considered to be:A) clerical personnel. B) data workers.C) operations personnel. D) mid-level managers.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.216.According to the _________________ perspective on information systems, theperformance of the system is optimal when the technology and the organization create a good balanceA) Existing B)UniversalC) Sociotechnical D)Technology infrastructureAnswer: C Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.271.ESS are:A) strategic-level systems. B) management-levelsystems.C) operational-level systems. D) knowledge-levelsystems.Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.422.______________________ describe(s) information inputs to a DSS system.A) Aggregate data B)High-volume dataC) Design specifications D) Analytic modelsand data analysis toolsAnswer: D Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.423.______________________ describe(s) information inputs to an ESS system.A) Aggregate data B)High-volume dataC) Design specifications D) Analytic modelsand data analysis toolsAnswer: A Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.424.____________________ describe(s) information inputs to an MIS system.A) Aggregate data B)High-volume dataC) Design specifications D) Analytic modelsand data analysis toolsAnswer: B Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.425. A hotel reservation system would be classified as a(n):A) transaction-level system.B) management-level system.C) operational-level system.D) strategic-level system.Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.436.Budgeting, profit planning, and portfolio analysis are examples of:A) sales and marketing information systems.B) manufacturing and production information systems.C) finance and accounting information systems.D) human resources information systems.Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.52pensation analysis and training and development are examples of:A) sales and marketing information systems.B) manufacturing and production information systems.C) finance and accounting information systems.D) human resources information systems.Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.531.All organizations become very efficient over time because individuals in the firmdevelop:A) routines for producing goods and services.B) long lasting friendships within the firm.C) better-educated employee groupings.D) deep rooted cultures.Answer: A Difficulty: HardReference: p. 752._____________________ are common features of all organizations.A) Culture, standard operating procedures, and politicsB) Power, technology, and business processesC) Formal structure, function, and environmentsD) Environments, power, and tasksAnswer: A Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 783.According to the transaction theory, firms traditionally grew in size:A) because firms are organic in nature and organisms grow or die.B) because their need for more employees grew as their number of transactions grew.C) because of nepotism.D) in order to reduce transaction costs.Answer: D Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 824.All company activities are classified as either primary or support by the:A) behavioral model. B) competitive forces model.C) value web model. D) value chain model.Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 911.Because e-commerce is ubiquitous it reduceA) marketspace. B) transaction costs.C) dynamic pricing. D) price discrimination.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1142.A personal Web page that typically contains a series of chronological entries by its author, and linked to related Web pages is called aA) private industrial exchange. B) Blog.C) social networking site. D) electronic data interchange.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.1231. A student, an order, and a book are all examples of a(n):A) attribute. B)key field.C) field. D)entity.Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.2302. A file is a group of the same type of :A) records B)fieldsC) characters D)bytesAnswer: A Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.2303. A person, place or thing about which information is kept in a database is calledan:A) records B)entityC) tuple D)fieldAnswer: B Difficulty: Easy Reference:p.2301. A LAN:A) is a central switching system that handles a firm’s voice and digital communications.B) links all computers in a closed loop in a manner that passes data in one direction from one computer to another.C) links all computers and other devices to a central host computer, through which all communications must pass.D) connects computers and peripheral devices located close to each other, often in the same building.Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 2722. A wide area network:A) gives equal power to all computers on the network and is used primarily in small networks.B) spans a large geographical distance, and may consist of a variety of media technologies.C) is a private, multipath, data-only, third-party-managed network that multiple organizations use on a subscription basis.D) routes and manages communications on the network and coordinates network resources.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 2731.After the new system is installed and conversion is complete, the system is said tobe in:A) service.B) production.C) review.D) postimplementation.Answer: B Difficulty: EasyReference: p.511munications problems between end users and designers are one reason why:A) users are driven out of the implementation process.B) so much user training is required.C) the implementation process requires written procedures.。
