【优质文档】英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法

比较和对照的英语作文Comparing and ContrastingComparing and contrasting is a fundamental aspect of human cognition and communication. It allows us to identify similarities and differences between various entities, concepts, or phenomena, enabling us to better understand the world around us. This essay will explore the process of comparing and contrasting, its importance, and its various applications in both academic and everyday life.At its core, comparing and contrasting involves examining two or more things to identify their shared characteristics and their unique differences. This can be done on a variety of levels, from the concrete (such as comparing the physical attributes of two objects) to the abstract (such as comparing the ideological beliefs of two individuals). The act of comparison allows us to recognize patterns, draw connections, and gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter.One of the primary benefits of comparing and contrasting is its ability to enhance critical thinking and analytical skills. When we engage in the process of comparison, we are forced to closelyexamine the details and nuances of each entity, looking for both common ground and distinguishing features. This level of scrutiny encourages us to think critically, question assumptions, and consider multiple perspectives. As a result, comparing and contrasting is a valuable tool in academic settings, where students are often asked to analyze and evaluate complex topics.In the realm of education, the skill of comparing and contrasting is essential for success. Students are frequently required to write essays, research papers, or reports that involve comparing and contrasting different theories, historical events, literary works, or scientific concepts. By engaging in this process, students develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter, as well as the ability to effectively communicate their findings and conclusions.Beyond the academic sphere, the ability to compare and contrast is also highly valuable in everyday life. When making decisions, whether it's choosing a career path, selecting a product, or evaluating potential relationships, the capacity to compare and contrast the available options can lead to more informed and thoughtful choices. This skill also plays a crucial role in problem-solving, as it allows individuals to identify similarities and differences between potential solutions, ultimately leading to more effective and innovative resolutions.Furthermore, the act of comparing and contrasting can foster greater empathy and understanding between individuals and groups. By examining the similarities and differences between diverse perspectives, cultures, or experiences, we can cultivate a deeper appreciation for the complexities of the human condition. This, in turn, can promote more constructive dialogues, reduce prejudice, and contribute to a more harmonious and inclusive society.In conclusion, the process of comparing and contrasting is a fundamental cognitive skill that holds immense value in various aspects of our lives. It enhances critical thinking, supports academic and professional success, aids in decision-making and problem-solving, and fosters greater empathy and understanding between individuals and groups. As we navigate the ever-changing world around us, the ability to compare and contrast will continue to be an indispensable tool for personal growth, intellectual development, and social progress.。

24.1 Comparison and Contrast（⽐较与对照） Often we may want to describe several aspects of two subjects that have both similarities and differences.When we compare two things，we show how they are similar；when we contrast two things，we show how they are different.We may compare or contrast two schools，two cars，two friends，two jobs，two cities，etc.。

For this purpose，we may employ the combined techniques of comparison and contrast.In writing the essay，you should always bear two important decisions in mind：①Whether you are to do a comparison，a contrast，or a mixture，or②Whether you are to use an item-to-item（逐事⽐较）or point-to-point（逐点⽐较）method of development（both have been explained and illustrated in Unit14） Model Essay 24-1 Shanghai and New York are two of the biggest cities in the world.They are different in some ways，but they are similar in some other ways. Shanghai is one of the most densely populated cities in Asia，and New York is one of the most densely populated cities in North America.The population of Shanghai is homogenous，but thepopulation of New York is heterogeneous.The people in Shanghai speak Chinese；the people in New York speak English instead.The cost of living in Shanghai is generally low in comparison with that in New York.While the people in Shanghai take buses or ride bikes to go to work，the people in New York drive cars or take subways to get to work.The people in Shanghai use fans to keep cool，where as the people in New York use air-conditioning. Both Shanghai and New York are cities of great wealth and poverty.In both cities，there is a great deal of beauty and a great deal of ugliness.Many people in Shanghai are as kind and helpful as those in New York.Conversely，some people in Shanghai are as dangerous as those in New York.In both cities，there are people who work all day and people who work all night.Both cities are never asleep. To some visitors，both Shanghai and New York are a paradise and a jungle. 24.2 Analysis of the Model Essay（范⽂分析） From the above point-to-point essay，we can see that the similarities and differences of Shanghai and New York are as follows： ①Differences： a.population（homogeneous S （heterogeneous NY nguage （Chinese S （English NY C.cost of living（low S （high NY d.transportation（buses and bikes S （cars and subways NY e.cooling appliances（fans S （air-conditioning NY ②Similarities： a.both are most densely populated b.both are cities of great wealth and poverty c.both are beautiful and ugly d.both have kind and helpful people and dangerous people e.both are never asleep 通过以上⽐较和对照法的结合使⽤，作者巧妙地将与主题有关的五个异同点联系在⼀起，交替进⾏逐点⽐较、对照，这使得读者从始⾄终能够把握⽐较与对照的线索。

1.比较与对照的基本定义比较(comparison)主要是指出两个或两个以上不同种类的共同点或相似点(similarities)，如人物、事物、地点、思想、观点等。

对照(contrast)主要是指它们的不同点(difference)。

在大学英语中，比较和对照法往往同时使用。

写作时，首先应考虑要比较和对照的两个或两个以上的事物，然后列一个表，发现这些事物的最主要特征，相同的或类似的特征可以比较，不同的特征可以组成对照。

例如：例 1.Punctuality is the main constituent of good character.Aperson，who is always in time for his appointment，shows real considerationfor others.On the other hand，a person who is always lateshows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy tobe friend with.(本段对守时(in time)与不能守时(late)的两种不同的人进行了对照，用表示对照的连接词“On the otherhand”进行了很好的连接。

)。

例 2.Paintings and photographs have something in common.But there are also some differences between them.(这段很好地展示出本文将用比较与对照的方法进行写作。

)Paintings and photographs are visual art forms.They both cancapture a specific moment for all time.A painting reflects the skilland talent of a painter，likewise the quality of a photograph canrepresent the skill and talent of a photographer.(本段对paintingsand photographs两个不同的种类进行了分析，用连接词(both)进行了很好的连接，用连接词(likewise)用同样的方式对它们的相同点(the skill and talent)进行了比较)。

C o m p a r i s o n a n d C o n t r a s t比较和对照的写作方法目标：掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法比较着重相似点,而对照强调不同之处；二．使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文,常见的比较对照有两种方式:1. 块状比较方式block method,先A后B,即A1, A2, A3...；B1,B2,B3...;2. 逐点比较方式point-by-point method,AB交错,即A1,B1；A2,B2；A3,B3...;范文一：Country Life and City LifeIt is really hard to say which is better than the other, city life or rural life. Both have their merits and shortcomings.Living in the city has a great many advantages. First, you can enjoy various kinds of foods, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are more cultural activities in the city –you can go to the concert, the theatre, the movies or the disco club after a day’s hard work. But city life has many problems, too. The overcrowded population, traffic jam, industrial pollution, and the lack of understanding between people may result in disease and unhappiness. Living in the country, however, you can watch the magnificent sunrise and sunset and listen to the bird singing in the tree.If you want, you can certainly have a huge garden when a small green space seems a luxury in the city. In the country, you don’t have so mucn worries.You can enjoy the pleasure of work by planting seeds in the earth and watching them grow into flowers and finally into fruits or food. But rural life may not be that perfect. Things are going so slowly that sometimes you may feel that you are absolute left behind in some remote corners of the world. You may again miss the parties, friends and movies in the city.Like anything else, country life and city life have their advantages and disadvantages. The best solution may be that you enjoy pleasures of both lives and get rid of their inconveniences.范文二：Middle School Life and College LifeThere are many differences between middle school and the college.First,in middle school,we have to listen to what the teacher says in class, to understand the content of the text. But in college,we must study by ourselves before class. If not,we couldn't follow the teacher.Second,there are lots of rules in middle school. For example,we should wear theuniform,the girls must have their hair cut short, and we are not allowed to make boy- or girlfriends. However,in college,we have more freedom. We can wear the clothes we like. And the girls could have long beautiful hair.We are also free to make boy or girlfriends. The third,in the middleschool,we must study first. That means we could do nothing but study. In contrast,we have to do everything by ourselves in college. That means we must plan our time carefully. There are also other differences between our school life and our college life. We have to learn to adapt ourselves to college life.三．写作步骤1. 写前阶段：写作提纲1 对两个对象或一个对象的两个方面进行比较与对照分析,找出相似点/不同之处;2. 写作阶段：利用相关资料,组织结构与内容1 Useful words and phrases:比较：like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.对照： by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.2Useful expressionsJust like a coin has two sides, everyting has its advantages anddisadvantages, and … is no exception.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.Like anything else, it has its faults.A andB has several points in common.A bears some resemblances to B.However, the same is not applicable to B.A andB differ in several ways.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.The same is true of B.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.。

比较与对照法作文英语英文回答：The comparison and contrast essay is a common type of academic writing that requires students to analyze the similarities and differences between two or more subjects. It is a versatile form that can be used to explore a wide range of topics, from literary characters to historical events.One of the strengths of the comparison and contrast essay is its ability to clarify and deepen understanding of the subjects being compared. By identifying and examining the points of similarity and difference, students can develop a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of each subject.Additionally, the comparison and contrast essay can help students develop critical thinking and analytical skills. In order to effectively compare and contrast twosubjects, students must be able to identify and evaluate relevant criteria, weigh evidence, and draw logical conclusions.There are a few key elements that are essential to writing a strong comparison and contrast essay. First, it is important to choose subjects that are appropriate for comparison. The subjects should be sufficiently similarthat they can be meaningfully compared, but they should also be different enough to provide a basis for contrast.Second, it is important to develop a clear and focused thesis statement. The thesis statement should state the main argument of the essay and provide a roadmap for the reader.Third, it is important to organize the essay in a logical and coherent manner. The essay should flow smoothly from one point to the next, and each paragraph should support the overall thesis statement.Finally, it is important to use clear and conciselanguage. The essay should be easy to read and understand, and it should avoid unnecessary jargon or technical terms.中文回答：比较对比法作文是一种常见的学术写作类型，要求学生分析两个或多个主题之间的相似性和差异性。

英语作文万能模板范文对比型Title: Comparison and Contrast Essay Template。

Introduction。

In today's world, comparison and contrast essays are a common type of academic writing. These essays require the writer to analyze and compare two or more subjects, highlighting their similarities and differences. This type of essay is a valuable tool for developing critical thinking skills and improving analytical abilities. In this essay, we will discuss the basic structure and content of a comparison and contrast essay, as well as provide a sample essay to illustrate the key points.Body。

I. Structure of a Comparison and Contrast Essay。

A. Introduction。

1. Hook: The introduction should begin with an attention-grabbing hook to engage the reader.2. Background information: Provide a brief overview of the subjects being compared and contrasted.3. Thesis statement: Clearly state the main points of comparison and contrast that will be discussed in the essay.B. Body Paragraphs。

Comparison and Contrast比较和对照的写作方法一．目标、重点和难点目标：掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法（比较着重相似点，而对照强调不同之处）；重点：熟悉比较和对照写作方法的特点、模式及相关写作语块（词组、结构及句子）；难点：训练学生对作文主题的思维拓展以及相关语言表达的总结。

二．使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文，常见的比较对照有两种方式:1. 块状比较方式（block method），先A后B，即A1, A2, A3...；B1，B2，B3...。

2. 逐点比较方式（point-by-point method），AB交错，即A1，B1；A2，B2；A3，B3...。

范文一：Country Life and City LifeIt is really hard to say which is better than the other, city life or rural life. Both have their merits and shortcomings.Living in the city has a great many advantages. First, you can enjoy various kinds of foods, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are more cultural activities in the city – you can go to the concert, the theatre, the movies or the disco club after a day’s hard work. But city life has many problems, too. The overcrowded population, traffic jam, industrial pollution, and the lack of understanding between people may result in disease and unhappiness. Living in the country, however, you can watch the magnificent sunrise and sunset and listen to the bird singing in the tree. If you want, you can certainly have a huge garden when a small green space seems a luxury in the city. In the country, you don’t have so mucn worries. You can enjoy the pleasure of work by planting seeds in the earth and watching them grow into flowers and finally into fruits or food. But rural life may not be that perfect. Things are going so slowly that sometimes you may feel that you are absolute left behind in some remote corners of the world. You may again miss the parties, friends and movies in the city.Like anything else, country life and city life have their advantages and disadvantages. The best solution may be that you enjoy pleasures of both lives and get rid of their inconveniences.范文二：Middle School Life and College LifeThere are many differences between middle school and the college. First，in middle school，we have to listen to what the teacher says in class, to understand the content of the text.But in college，we must study by ourselves before class. If not，we couldn’t follow the teacher.Second，there are lots of rules in middle school. For example，we should wear the uniform，the girls must have their hair cut short，and we are not allowed to make boy- or girlfriends.However，in college，we have more freedom. We can wear the clothes we like. And the girls could have long beautiful hair. We are also free to make boy or girlfriends. The third，in the middle school，we must study first. That means we could do nothing but study. In contrast，we have to do everything by ourselves in college. That means we must plan our time carefully.There are also other differences between our school life and our college life. We have to learn to adapt ourselves to college life.三．写作步骤1. 写前阶段：写作提纲1) 对两个对象或一个对象的两个方面进行比较与对照分析，找出相似点/不同之处。

如何在英文写作中运用恰当的比较和对照在英文写作中，恰当地运用比较和对照是提升作文质量的重要手段之一。

通过比较和对照，我们可以更明确地阐述观点，突出重点，使文章更加生动和有说服力。

在下面的文章中，将探讨如何在英文写作中运用恰当的比较和对照。

比较和对照可以帮助我们将不同的事物、概念或观点进行对比，从而更好地说明我们的意思。

比如，在进行论证时，我们可以通过比较不同观点的优劣来支持自己的立场。

同时，通过对照一事物的相似之处和差异，也能够让读者更好地理解我们的观点。

比较和对照的首要要务是明确目标和关键点。

在写作之前，我们需要明确自己的目标和要比较的事物。

这可以帮助我们集中精力，避免在文章中杂乱无章地进行无意义的对比。

比如，如果我们想要比较美国和中国的教育制度，我们需要明确自己关心的是哪些方面，比如课程设置、教学方法、学生评价等。

明确目标后，我们就可以更有针对性地进行比较和对照。

在具体的写作过程中，我们可以首先列出两个或多个事物的共同点，然后再逐一比较它们的不同之处。

这样可以使文章逻辑清晰，易于阅读。

同时，我们还需要注意使用恰当的转折词或连接词，比如"However"、"On the other hand"等，来引导读者进入下一个对比点。

此外，在进行比较和对照时，我们还需要注意平衡和客观。

不同的事物可能有各自的优势和劣势，我们应该尽量客观地描述它们，避免过于偏袒某一方。

并且，我们需要以事实为依据，提供充分的证据和例子来支持我们的观点。

通过客观的比较，我们可以使文章更有说服力，给读者留下深刻的印象。

在运用比较和对照的同时，我们还要注意把握适度。

虽然比较和对照可以丰富文章内容，但过度使用可能会使文章显得混乱和杂乱。

因此，我们应该选择最相关和最有力的对比点，避免在文章中提出过多不相关的对比。

总之，恰当地运用比较和对照可以提升英文写作的质量。

通过比较和对照，我们可以更好地阐明观点，使文章更有说服力和深度。

Comparison and Contrast比较和对照的写作方法目标：掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法（比较着重相似点，而对照强调不同之处）；二．使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文，常见的比较对照有两种方式:1. 块状比较方式（block method），先A后B，即A1, A2, A3...；B1，B2，B3...。

2. 逐点比较方式（point-by-point method），AB交错，即A1，B1；A2，B2；A3，B3...。

范文一：Country Life and City LifeIt is really hard to say which is better than the other, city life or rural life.Both have their merits and shortcomings.Living in the city has a great many advantages. First, you can enjoy various kinds of foods, both foreign and domestic. Second, there are morecultural activities in the city – you can go to the concert, the theatre, the movies or the disco club after a day’s hard work. But city life has many problems, too.The overcrowded population, traffic jam, industrial pollution, and the lack of understanding between people may result in disease and unhappiness. Living in the country, however, you can watch the magnificent sunrise and sunset and listen to the bird singing in the tree. If you want, you can certainly have a huge garden when a small green space seems a luxury in the city. In the country, you don’t have so mucn worr ies. You can enjoy the pleasure of work by planting seeds in the earth and watching them grow into flowers and finally into fruits or food. But rural life may not be that perfect. Things are going so slowly that sometimes you may feel that you are absolute left behind in some remotecorners of the world. You may again miss the parties, friends and movies in the city.Like anything else, country life and city life have their advantages and disadvantages. The best solution may be that you enjoy pleasures of both lives and get rid of their inconveniences.范文二：Middle School Life and College LifeThere are many differences between middle school and the college. First，in middle school，we have to listen to what the teacher says in class, tounderstand the content of the text. But in college，we must study by ourselves before class. If not，we couldn't follow the teacher. Second，there are lots of rules in middle school. For example，we should wear the uniform，the girls must have their hair cut short，and we are not allowed to make boy- orgirlfriends. However，in college，we have more freedom. We can wear the clothes we like. And the girls could have long beautiful hair. We are also free to make boy or girlfriends. The third，in the middle school，we must study first.That means we could do nothing but study. In contrast，we have to doeverything by ourselves in college. That means we must plan our time carefully.There are also other differences between our school life and our college life.We have to learn to adapt ourselves to college life.三．写作步骤1. 写前阶段：写作提纲1) 对两个对象或一个对象的两个方面进行比较与对照分析，找出相似点/不同之处。