(北京专版)2020中考英语复习方案第一篇话题分层复习话题15自然、世界与环境(大自然)试题

阅 读
them wisely (wise).
4.It was careless (care) of Jim to leave the tap running all night.
5.Mary has curly hair and she is of medium height (high).
核 心
主 题
perfect .
语 篇
4.Mr. Wang has a good sense of humour, and he can always make
阅 读
his students laugh now and then.
5.The young man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box easily.
15. brother (n.)兄;弟
家
庭 16.
及 家
17.
庭 18.
成 19.
员
基
本
信
息
sister son daughter cousin
(n.)姐;妹 (n.)儿子 (n.)女儿 (n.)堂(表)兄弟;
堂(表)姐妹
20. wife
(n.)妻子
21. husband (n.)丈夫
22. friend (n.)朋友
of you to make the right decision.
语 篇
4.What a poor boy! He was born b lind and can only feel the
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world by touching.
5.Our teacher is very s trict with us, which I think is good for us.

I’m not only good at English but also interested in Chinese history.
2. 基础句我帮助外国游客更好地了解它的历史和文化。(help…know better about)
I help foreign visitors know better about its history and culture. →升格句(用be proud to do改写此句)
实战演练
A [2019·密云期末题目②]榜样的力量是无穷的。在我们身边有许许多多的榜 样,勤劳的工人伯伯,辛勤的老师,热情的同学,慈爱的父母……某英文网站正在开 展以“我身边的榜样”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短 文投稿,谈谈你身边的榜样是谁,他(她)具有什么样的品质,你从他(她)身上学到了 什么。 [提示词语] kind, helpful, warm-hearted, hard-working, set a good example
【文章发展】 1.He has a dream of becoming a famous actor one day. 2.However tired he is, he always wears a smile as soon as he sees me. 3.When I am sad, he always comforts me. When I am defeated, he always encourages me. 【结尾总结】 1.I believe he can be a good actor. 2.In short, we can get on well with each other and we will enjoy ourselves every day.

北京中考英语复习计划有哪些作为过来人，多年的经验告诉我们，在复习的过程中制定一份好的复习计划是很重要的。

所以即将面对中考的你也不要忘了制定复习计划。

以下是分享给大家的北京中考英语复习计划的资料，希望可以帮到你!一、第一轮复习阶段(3.13-4.24)内容：七、八、九年级共五册英语教材的初步复习工作，单词第一次全面复背。

方法策略：七年级一周，八年级三周，九年级二周。

每周听力练习二节，每天完成阅读一篇，作文每周一篇。

教师辅导;;学生强化记忆与训练,以课本为中心, 关注重点词汇,词语, 语境。

在这一阶段我计划按教材顺序归纳语言知识点，讲透语言知识点的运用，对各单元的知识要点进行梳理，同时重点把握基础词汇、词组、句型。

在教材整体处理上，先从七年级开始，七年级上下册比较简单，应快速复习。

八年级开始每两单元一个课时，根据复习期末复习提纲，让学生对照着去复习。

同时在课上再按时态等把语法总结复习一下，再针对学生的一些薄弱知识编写一些限时训练给学生加以练习。

二、第二轮复习阶段(4.25-5.21)内容：整个初中英语教材所学内容，进行语法专项全面复习。

如：单词，词性，时态，语法等。

力求遵循“全面复习，有所侧重”方法策略：三天左右一个语法项目，学习完二个项目后就进行一次测试，并做出测试分析与总结，好有针对性的对学生所不了解和难以掌握的内容及时进行巩固与复习。

初中英语语法总复习.指导思想：以词性带动，渗透语法。

以中考考点为导向，精讲的基础上，强化训练，提升能力，着力方法指导，加强学法指导，提高对各种题型的解题能力。

如：名词(名词的类，名词的数，名词的所有格，主谓一致)，形容词，副词相互转化互用所涉及的原级，比较级，最高级等。

动词：分类，时态，语态，动词不定式，以及动词的固定搭配，情态动词及其句型。

代词：主格，宾格，物主代词，反身代词，疑问代词，副词和不定代词相互转化及其运用。

还有介词，句式，主谓一致，定语从句，宾语从句，进一步系统时态语态及其各类句式的归类运用。

话题10 文娱与体育主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·丰台一模]完形填空The New HoopMarco looked at the basketball hoop and threw the ball up. “Score!” Marcoshouted as the 1 went through the basketball hoop. “You won this time, butnext time I’ll 2 you, Marco!” said Kim, as the two friends walked home, “Iwish we could play at the park too, instead of only at school.” But the basketballhoop in their neighborhood park had be en ruined by a fallen tree. “I feel so 3 ,” said Kim, “I guess there’s nothing we can do.”Marco and Kim walked past the city’s recycling center. They saw Mr. Morse was collecting plastic, paper and metal items. Marco stared at all the old stuff. “That gives me an idea!” he said, “Mr. Morse, do you have anything we could 4 to make a basketball hoop?”Mr. Morse picked up a plastic laundry basket. “We are going to recycle this basket, but I think you can take it.”“It looks useless, old and cracked. I want a new basketball hoop!” said Kim.“Why?” wondered Marco, “Reusing things is a great way to 5 waste. And don’t you think that will be meaningful to make something on our own?”“That sounds interesting! I guess we can try,” said Kim, “but I still don’t 6 it will be as good as a new one.”They took the basket to Marco’s house and found some leftover wood in an old yard. Together they tinkered (小修补) with the materials and made a post and a backboard. When all the parts were ready, they took everything to the 7 and managed to set up the hoop.“It looks better than I thought it would!” said Kim. “Here’s the real test!” He bounced the ball, aimed and shot a perfect basket. He was 8 .“Wow, I was wrong,” Kim said. “This basketball hoop is really grea t. Now we can play whenever we want!” The two friends played in the park until dinner time. The hoop stood the real test and the boys had the true joys.( )1.A.bag B.ball C.card D.book( )2.A.hit B.help C.beat D.teach( )3.A.excited B.tired C.satisfied D.discouraged( )4.A.win B.throw C.sell D.reuse( )5.A.stop B.make C.increase D.collect( )6.A.hope B.believe C.remember D.realize( )7.A.park B.yard C.school D.house( )8.A.regretful B.painful C.cheerful D.peacefulⅡ.[2019·怀柔一模]阅读理解Some Students’ Favourite Sports Swimming is difficult but I like it very much. I am in our City Swimming Club. The members in the club are all young, between 6 and 13 years old.I go to the club every Sunday. I do the sport very hard. I want to be an Olympic Champion, just like Sun Yang.—Sara Running! Lots of people don’t think it is exciting. However, I like running very much. I run every morning. Running isn’t expensive so anyone can run. Running is a good sport. Let’s run together!—Alex Basketball is part of my life. I play basketball with my classmates on Saturday morning. I watch basketball games on TV with my brother on Saturday evening. However, my sister Lisa doesn’t like watching that. She likes tennis.—Frank9.Sara may be years old. ( )A.4B.5C.12D.1410. is cheap and anyone can do it. ( )A.SwimmingB.Playing basketballC.Playing tennisD.Running11.Frank usually on Saturday evening. ( )A.plays basketballB.watches basketball games on TVC.plays tennisD.watches football games on TVⅢ.回答问题Play Ball!If someone asks you to go to an Association football (英式足球) game, will you be interested? Association football is known as soccer in the US. It is the world’s most widely played sport. Games similar to soccer were played as long as two thousand years ago in China! Modern soccer got its name from Association football, a game played in England in the mid-1800s. The word “association” was shortened to “assoc” and it was finally turned into “soccer”.The first soccer clubs were formed in England in the 1850s. The first professional (职业的) players joined in the 1880s. Soccer quickly spread across Europe and became very popular in countries such as Spain, Italy, and Germany. Soccer even spread to countries in faraway South America. People seemed to like how simple the game is. All you need to play are a ball and two goals. Everything else comes from the players. Soccer still remains very popular in both Europe and South America. One of the best and most famous of these professionals is Edson Arantes do Nascimento. He is better known by his nickname, Pelé. Pelé was born in Brazil, a country in South America. With Pelé’s help, Brazil won three World Cup titles from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. Today, he is still one of the all-time leading scorers in World Cup history with 12 goals. The International Olympic Committee named Pelé Soccer Player of the Century in 1999.The World Cup is the worldwide soccer competition that is held every four years,once for women and once for men. Millions of people worldwide watch the matches ontelevision. The first Women’s World Cup match was played in 1991 in China.It took longer for soccer to be accepted in the US than it did in other placesaround the world. A different kind of football was already played in this country. People were not eager (热切的) to try another form. After Pelé joined the New York Cosmos in 1975, soccer became more popular in the US. It continues to grow in popularity. Today, soccer is the second favourite sport for kids in the US!12.What is Association football known as in the US?13.When were the first soccer clubs formed in England?14.How many World Cup titles did Brazil win from the late 1950s to the early 1970s?15.Where was the first Women’s World Cup match played?16.Why did it take longer for soccer to be accepted in the US?【参考答案】Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了Marco和Kim利用废弃物制作了一个新的篮球框,他们获得了真正的快乐。

词汇检测清单
1. group (n.)小组
7.
hall (n.)礼堂
2. school (n.)学校 学 * go to school去上学 校 3. college (n.)学院 设 4. university (n.)大学 施 5. classroom (n.)教室
6. grade (n.)年级;成绩
初等的
14. middle (adj.)中级的
科 15. homework (n.)作业
目 *do homework做作业
及 16. book
(n.)书
学 * read books 读书
习 17. schoolbag (n.)书包
用 18.
ruler
(n.)尺子
品 19.
pen
(n.)钢笔
20. pencil (n.)铅笔 21. eraser (n.)橡皮 22. paper (n.)纸张 23. dictionary (n.)词典;字典 24. notebook (n.)笔记本 25. diary (n.)日记
(n.)闪光灯
校 17.teacher’s desk(n.)讲台
设 18.
gym
(n.)体育馆
施 19. computer room计算机房
20. library (n.)图书馆
→ librarian (n.)图书管理员
21.
class (n.)班,班级,
课
* after class 下课后
*between class课es间
12.
play
(v.)玩耍;演奏
→
player
(n.)运动员
*play ping-pong 打乒乓球

话题16自然、世界与环境(人口与环保)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2019·丰台一模]It’s big, it’s nasty but it’s more than just a hole in the ground. Some landfills take in 2,000tons of trash a day but America’s largest landfill takes in that amount each hour, which will befull in two to three years.Garbage problem has been a long-standing issue. Volunteer students at the University of Arizona in the U.S. started the Garbage Project. They aimed at learning the influence of humans’ activities on the environment by studying the garbage.One important thing the students learned was that the garbage in landfills disappeared very slowly. That was surprising to the students, as well as to many scientists who had predicted that about 70% of the garbage in landfills would break down naturally and quickly. From the landfills, students even found newspapers twenty years ago and forty-year-old hot dogs.The Garbage Project also discovered that what people say they do was often very different from what they actually did. The volunteer students asked people what they bought, ate and drank, and then the students compared this to what people threw away. For some reason, the two didn’t match. For example, the students found much more empty bottles of beer than people said they drank.Information from the Garbage Project has helped us to see how much garbage we actually put in landfills. The students are hopeful that this will encourage us to find better ways to dispose (处置) of our garbage.Of course, the best way to dispose of garbage depends on what kind of garbage it is: regular garbage, hazardous materials or recyclables, such as newspapers, glass bottles and some metals. Regular garbage goes to regular landfills. Hazardous materials, on the other hand, contain poisonous chemicals or metals. They shouldn’t go into regular landfills. For example, waste batteries can pollute the soil and groundwater, which need to be recycled properly.It’s necessary to reduce garbage from the source. With the improvement of living standards, people use too many plastic products only once before throwing them away, especially as online shopping becomes more popular. We can start reducing garbage by using cloth shopping bags and green delivery packages.Unfortunately, recycling is expensive. It takes time and special treatment. However, in Japan, people recycle garbage so carefully that even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Positive effects present gradually. In the last five years, the Japanese city of Kamikatsu has raised its rate of recycled waste to 80 percent.It is a matter of great urgency and we must go into action now. There are many things that ordinary people can do to make less garbage. If everyone does the same, we will make our living environment safer and better.1.According to the passage, students of the Garbage Project discovered that . ()A.people knew what they actually threw awayB.garbage disappeared as scientists predictedC.students collected newspapers for researchD.garbage was too much and lasted longer2.The under lined word “hazardous” in Paragraph 6 probably means “”.()A.wetmonC.dangerousD.burnable3.What can we learn from the passage? ()A.Disposing of the garbage properly will make a difference.B.Adding more landfills helps solve garbage problems.C.Improving the living level can reduce the garbage.D.Shopping online helps to save the environment.B[2019·西城一模]This kid fights hunger and homelessnessAustin Perine is only four years old. His story started this past February in the living room in Birmingham. Austin and his father, TJ Perine, were watching a program about a mother panda leaving her babies. “I told him that the babies would be homeless for a while,” TJ says. “Austin didn’t know what homelessness meant, but he was sad a nd wanted to know more.”Seeing this as a teachable moment, TJ took Austin to the Firehouse Ministries, a local shelter(救济中心) that provides housing and food for homeless men. As they drove by, they saw 25homeless men standing on the street corner. “Dad, they look sad,” Austin said. “Can we take themsome food and make them smile?”Austin used his pocket money to buy each man a Burger King hamburger and handed the food out himself. Seeing what the burgers meant to the men, Austin returned the next week. He handed out burgers along with his catchphrase (口号), “Don’t forget to show love!”After he had returned for five weeks, word of Austin’s acts of kindness spread through social-media. Burger King agreed to donate (捐赠) $1,000 a month for a year to feed the homeless. Soon, churches and shelters began inviting Austin to give out food in poor areas. Thanks to social support, now Austin and TJ can feed 800 to 2,000 people at once.But Austin isn’t just filling bellies. He’s improving the lives of those people he meets. On that first trip to Firehouse Ministries, TJ and Austin talked to a man named Raymont. The respect Austin showed touched Raymont, and Raymont told them his story. Having known his experience, TJ helped him get a job. Finally he was able to rent an apartment. All that was made possible because a little boy took time to care.Austin’s actions have now become his family’s calling. His grandma Audrey Perine set up the Show Love Foundation (基金会) which helps fight homelessness. TJ left his job to oversee the foundation.As for Austin, he continues to give out food, smiles, and his message of love, “It makes me feel like I’m saving the day.”4.Austin’s father took him to to see what homelessness meant. ()A.a churchB.a restaurantC.a poor areaD.a local shelter5.Raymont was moved when . ()A.Austin offered him a jobB.Austin bought him some foodC.Austin showed respect to himD.Austin listened to his story patiently6.How did Austin help the homeless? ()A.By setting up a foundation.B.By asking Burger King to donate.C.By spreading their stories through social-media.D.By spending time and money caring about them.Ⅱ.[2019·石景山期末]回答问题Tornado ChaserDo you know? In June 2003, South Dakota experienced 67 tornadoes(龙卷风) in one day! In the U.S., tornadoes are responsible for 80 deaths and more than 1,500 injuries each year. Although they happen very often, tornadoes are difficult to predict. Why? Tornadoes develop from storms, but only some storms can become tornadoes. Meteorologists (气象学家) don’t know where and when a storm will touch the ground and turn into a tornado. Today, the warning time for a tornado is usually just 13 minutes.Tim Samaras is a tornado chaser. His job is to find tornadoes and follow them. When he gets close to a tornado, he puts a special tool on the ground. This tool measures things like temperature, humidity, and wind speed of a tornado. With this information, Samaras can learn what causes tornadoes to develop. If meteorologists understand this, they can warn people about tornadoes sooner and save lives.How does Samaras hunt tornadoes? It’s not easy. First, he has to find one. Tornadoes are too small to see using weather satellites (卫星). So Samaras can’t just depend on these tools to find one. Instead he waits for tornadoes to develop. Every May and June, Samaras drives about 40,000 kilometers (25,000 miles) across an area known as Tornado Alley, looking and hoping to find a tornado.Once Samaras sees a tornado, the chase begins. But a tornado is hard to follow. Some tornadoes change direction several times—for example, moving east and then west and then east again. When Samaras finally gets near a tornado, he puts his special tool on the ground. Being this close to a tornado is frightening. There is rubbish flyingin the air. The wind is blowing at high speed. He must get away quickly.The work is risky, even for a skilled chaser like Samaras. But danger won’t stop his hunt for the perfect storm. 7.When did South Dakota experience 67 tornadoes in one day?8.How long is the warning time usually for a tornado?9.What does Tim Samaras do?10.Where does Samaras go every May and June?11.Why is it hard for Samaras to hunt tornadoes?【参考答案】Ⅰ.A[主旨大意] 本文是一篇说明文。

话题1 个人情况(基本信息)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·石景山期末]完形填空The greatest giftKerrie and I had always been close friends through elementary school and middle school. But when high school started, everything seemed to 1 between us. I was more independent and did whatever suited me. However, Kerrie wanted to be liked. She was willing to do anything to become 2 , which was the only thing she wanted.At the end of our first year, she finally got invited to the biggest party of the year. As her best friend, I helped her get ready for the party. After I watched her leave, I headed into the house with a big sigh (叹气) and 3 that everything could go back the way it used to be between us.At about 2:00 a.m., my phone rang. It was Kerrie’s mother. I could hear the 4 in her voice. “Kerrie’s been in an accident,” she said. My mind b egan racing in fear.“She was hit by a truck,” her mother continued to say. “ 5 , it wasn’t too bad. She has got a fracture (骨折). The doctor said she’d be OK in a month.”After taking control of my thoughts again, I 6 to calm down and hurried to the hospital.Over the next few days, I learned more about what had happened. Kerrie had wanted to 7 in so badly at the party that she tried to please everyone. After the party, some girls told her to get a taxi for them. While Kerrie was standing in the cold waiting for a taxi, a truck came out of nowhere and hit her.In the following weeks, I visited Kerrie every day. However, no one at the party ever came to see her, even the girls that she had tried to get a taxi for.It was Kerrie’s birthday when she left the hospital. I asked her what she wanted and she told me she had already received the greatest gift from me—unconditional love and true friendship since I had always been there to 8 her no matter what happened.( )1.A.end st C.continue D.change( )fortable B.silent C.popular D.responsible( )3.A.realised B.hoped C.suggested D.predicted( )4.A.worry B.doubt C.pleasure D.surprise( )5.A.Luckily B.Crazily C.Strangely D.Terribly( )6.A.failed B.asked C.dreamed D.managed( )e B.break C.fit D.give( )8.A.accept B.support C.judge D.correctⅡ.[2019·海淀一模]阅读理解My name is Jackson. I’m a great reader with good memory. I remember almosteverything I read. But I don’t like to speak in class. When Mr. Knoll announced anoral book report, the idea of going up and having my classmates staring at me whileI talked filled me with anxiety.As for the date, if the book report was due in two weeks, I would do it right then. Mr. Knoll, though, gave us a month to get the report ready, so I thought I had plenty of time.Finally, I chose Fire-Hunter by Jim Kjelgaard. It looked really interesting. I read the first few pages and then I set it aside. I wasn’t worried. I had plenty of time. Then the book got buried in the clutter(杂物) in my room.Before I knew it, the date of the book report was a week away. Some kids had already finished.I was in a panic. I raced home and found the book. Trembling(颤抖), I turned to the back and discovered there were 218 pages! I read like crazy.The last day came. When Mr. Knoll called on me to give my report, I still had eighty pages to go.The class looked sorry for me when I pulled myself forward. They could see my fear.“My book is Fire-Hunter, by Jim Kjelgaard,” I began slowly. Then I started to tell the story and the class seemed interested. To my surprise, I discovered I was enjoying myself. However, I had no idea how the book ended. I really didn’t know what came over me. I made up the rest of the story on the spot. The class loved it, and applauded as I finished.At bre ak time, Mr. Knoll called me over. “You know, Jackson, I don’t really remember the book ending that way.”I gulped (倒吸气).“You told a pretty good story,” he continued. “The assignment was an oral book report. You did a great job on the oral part.”“Uh, thanks,” I said.“When you actually finish Fire-Hunter, please come to me and give me the book report.”“Yes, I definitely will,” I said. I knew I would never make that mistake again.9.How long did Mr. Knoll give students to prepare the book report? ( )A.One week.B.Two weeks.C.Three weeks.D.A month.10.We know from the passage that . ( )A.Jackson’s classmates didn’t like his storyB.Jackson was the first to finish his book reportC.Jackson had to give Mr. Knoll his book report laterD.Jackson was criticized for his bad oral book report11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? ( )A.Jackson’s HobbyB.Jackson’s Book ReportC.Jackson’s ProblemD.Jackson’s Good MemoryⅢ.[2018·海淀一模] 回答问题Cartoonist: Charles SchulzCharles Schulz is a true hero.For nearly 50 years, Schulz’s comic strip, the Peanuts collection, has been the most well-known cartoon in the world. It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. On February 13th, 2000, Schulz died of cancer. But he will always be remembered by people old and young worldwide.In Schulz’s works, he always stayed positive.He tried to give readers a happy feeling.Kids like Peanuts because the characters live a simple life and go through the same troubles as they do.He did not pick out stressful topics of the day.Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries.Schulz was also a good father of four children.It’s said that he never failed to stop his work to play a pick-up baseball game or have lunch with his family.He was always very involved in his children’s lives and supported their decisions.He taught them the importance of a person’s inner worth.His family describes Schulz as a man with the fewest needs.His youngest daughter, Jill, said,“He’s a fighter, but he always has bad luck.” When Schulz learned his cancer was serious, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons.Unluckily, Schulz died the night before the last strip of his comics came out in the Sunday papers.Some might say this was unlucky, but Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole lifewriting to make people happy.Charles Schulz put a little comedy into our often-stressful world. He will be remembered as the world’s favorite cartoonist. “You’re a good man, Charles Schulz!”12.How many daily readers does the Peanuts collection have?13.How did Schulz bring readers into a joyful world?14.What did Schulz teach his children?15.When was Schulz forced to give up the job he loved?16.Why is Charles Schulz a true hero?【参考答案】Ⅰ.1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.BⅡ.9.D10.C 11.BⅢ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了漫画家Charles Schulz对于漫画事业的深情投入。

话题1 个人情况(基本信息)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·石景山期末]完形填空The greatest giftKerrie and I had always been close friends through elementary school and middle school. But when high school started, everything seemed to 1 between us. I was more independent and did whatever suited me. However, Kerrie wanted to be liked. She was willing to do anything to bee 2 , which was the only thing she wanted.At the end of our first year, she finally got invited to the biggest party of the year. As her best friend, I helped her get ready for the party. After I watched her leave, I headed into the house with a big sigh (叹气) and 3 that everything could go back the way it used to be between us.At about 2:00 a.m., my phone rang. I t was Kerrie’s mother. I could hear the 4 in her voice. “Kerrie’s been in an accident,” she said. My mind began racing in fear.“She was hit by a truck,” her mother continued to say. “ 5 , it wasn’t too bad. She has got a fracture (骨折). The doctor sai d she’d be OK in a month.”After taking control of my thoughts again, I 6 to calm down and hurried to the hospital.Over the next few days, I learned more about what had happened. Kerrie had wanted to 7 in so badly at the party that she tried to please everyone. After the party, some girls told her to get a taxi for them. While Kerrie was standing in the cold waiting for a taxi, a truck came out of nowhere and hit her.In the following weeks, I visited Kerrie every day. However, no one at the party ever came to see her, even the girls that she had tried to get a taxi for.It was Kerrie’s birthday when she left the hospital. I asked her what she wanted and she told me she had already received the greatest gift from me—unconditional love and true friendship since I had always been there to 8 her no matter what happened.( )1.A.end stC.popular( )3.A.realised C.suggested( )4.A.worry C.pleasure( )5.A.Luckily C.Strangely( )6.A.failed( )7.A.e( )8.A.accept C.judgeⅡ.[2019·海淀一模]阅读理解My name is Jackson. I’m a great reader with good memory. I remember almost everything I read. But I don’t like to speak in class. When Mr. Knoll annou nced an oral book report, the idea of going up and having my classmates staring at me while I talked filled me with anxiety.As for the date, if the book report was due in two weeks, I would do it right then. Mr. Knoll, though, gave us a month to get the report ready, so I thought I had plenty of time.Finally, I chose Fire-Hunter by Jim Kjelgaard. It looked really interesting. I read the first few pages and then I set it aside. I wasn’t worried. I had plenty of time. Then the book got buried in the clutter(杂物) in my room.Before I knew it, the date of the book report was a week away. Some kids had already finished.I was in a panic. I raced home and found the book. Trembling(颤抖), I turned to the back and discovered there were 218 pages! I read like crazy.The last day came. When Mr. Knoll called on me to give my report, I still had eighty pages to go.The class looked sorry for me when I pulled myself forward. They could see my fear.“My book is Fire-Hunter, by Jim Kjelgaard,” I began slowly. Then I started to tell the story and the class seemed interested. To my surprise, I discovered I was enjoying myself. However, I had no idea how the book ended. I really didn’t know what came over me. I made up the rest of the story on the spot. The class loved it, and applauded as I finished.At break time, Mr. Knoll called me over. “You know, Jackson, I don’t really remember the book ending that way.”I gulped (倒吸气).“You told a pretty good story,” he continued. “The assignment was an oral book report. You did a great job on the oral part.”“Uh, thanks,” I said.“When you actually finish Fire-Hunter, please e to me and give me the book report.”“Yes, I definitely will,” I said. I knew I would never make that mistake again.9.How long did Mr. Knoll give students to prepare the book report? ( )A.One week.B.Two weeks.C.Three weeks.D.A month.10.We know from the passage that . ( )A.Jackson’s classmates didn’t like his storyB.Jackson was the first to finish his book reportC.Jackson had to give Mr. Knoll his book report laterD.Jackson was criticized for his bad oral book report11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? ( )A.Jackson’s HobbyB.Jackson’s Book ReportC.Jackson’s ProblemD.Jackson’s Good MemoryⅢ.[2018·海淀一模]回答问题Cartoonist: Charles SchulzCharles Schulz is a true hero.For nearly 50 years, Schulz’s ic strip, the Peanuts collection, has been the most well-known cartoon in the world. It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. On February 13th, 2000, Schulz died of cancer. But he will always be remembered by people old and young worldwide.In Schulz’s works, he always stayed positive.He tried to give readers a happy feeling.Kids like Peanuts because the characters live a simple life and go through the same troubles as they do.He did not pick out stressful topics of the day.Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries.Schulz was als o a good father of four children.It’s said that he never failed to stop his workto play a pick-up baseball game or have lunch with his family.He was always very involved in his children’s lives and supported their decisions.He taught them the importance of a person’s inner worth.His family describes Schulz as a man with the fewest needs.His youngest daughter, Jill, said,“He’s a fighter, but he always has bad luck.” When Schulz learned his cancer was serious, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons.Unluckily, Schulz died the night before the last strip of his ics came out in the Sunday papers.Some might say this was unlucky, but Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole life writing to make people happy.Charles Schulz put a little edy into our often-stressful world. He will be remembered as the world’s favorite cartoonist. “You’re a good man, Charles Schulz!”12.How many daily readers does the Peanuts collection have?13.How did Schulz bring readers into a joyful world?14.What did Schulz teach his children?15.When was Schulz forced to give up the job he loved?16.Why is Charles Schulz a true hero?【参考答案】Ⅲ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了漫画家Charles Schulz对于漫画事业的深情投入。

练
2. The blue whale is the largest living thing on the planet .
主 题
3. There are lots of springs in the high mountain, but now some of
语 篇
them have run dry.
阅 读
4. He must like reading very much, for there are many books on the
shelf/shelves in his study.
5. All the plants, animals and things that exist in the universe that are
阅 读
6. On both b anks
of the river grow many kinds of beautiful
flowers.
7. There is a big swimming p ool
in his backyard. How amazing!
8. As we all know, c oal
is a kind of ideal burning material.
核 心

Ⅲ.根据上下文提示填写单词。
词
1. A giraffe is a tall African animal with a very long neck, long legs,
汇
专
and dark marks on its coat.
山 19. Pacific Ocean 太平洋
川 20. ocean (n.)海洋

话题16 自然、世界与环境(人口与环保)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2019·丰台一模]It’s big, it’s nasty but it’s more than just a hole in the ground. Somelandfills take in 2,000 tons of trash a day but America’s largest landfill takesin that amount each hour, which will be full in two to three years.Garbage problem has been a long-standing issue. Volunteer students at the University of Arizona in the U.S. started the Garbage Project. They aimed at learning the i nfluence of humans’ activities on the environment by studying the garbage.One important thing the students learned was that the garbage in landfills disappeared very slowly. That was surprising to the students, as well as to many scientists who had predicted that about 70% of the garbage in landfills would break down naturally and quickly. From the landfills, students even found newspapers twenty years ago and forty-year-old hot dogs.The Garbage Project also discovered that what people say they do was often very different from what they actually did. The volunteer students asked people what they bought, ate and drank, and then the students compared this to what people threw away. For some reason, the two didn’t match. For example, the students found much more empty bottles of beer than people said they drank.Information from the Garbage Project has helped us to see how much garbage we actually put in landfills. The students are hopeful that this will encourage us to find better ways to dispose (处置) of our garbage.Of course, the best way to dispose of garbage depends on what kind of garbage it is: regular garbage, hazardous materials or recyclables, such as newspapers, glass bottles and some metals. Regular garbage goes to regular landfills. Hazardous materials, on the other hand, contain poisonous chemicals or metals. They shouldn’t go into regular landfills. For example, waste batteries can pollute the soil and groundwater, which need to be recycled properly.It’s necessary to reduce garbage from the sour ce. With the improvement of living standards, people use too many plastic products only once before throwing them away, especially as online shopping becomes more popular. We can start reducing garbage by using cloth shopping bags and green delivery packages.Unfortunately, recycling is expensive. It takes time and special treatment. However, in Japan, people recycle garbage so carefully that even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Positive effects present gradually. In the last five years, the Japanese city of Kamikatsu has raised its rate of recycled waste to 80 percent.It is a matter of great urgency and we must go into action now. There are many things that ordinary people can do to make less garbage. If everyone does the same, we will make our living environment safer and better.1.According to the passage, students of the Garbage Project discovered that .( )A.people knew what they actually threw awayB.garbage disappeared as scientists predictedC.students collected newspapers for researchD.garbage was too much and lasted longer2.The underlined word “hazardous” in Paragraph 6 probably means “”. ( )A.wetmonC.dangerousD.burnable3.What can we learn from the passage? ( )A.Disposing of the garbage properly will make a difference.B.Adding more landfills helps solve garbage problems.C.Improving the living level can reduce the garbage.D.Shopping online helps to save the environment.B[2019·西城一模]This kid fights hunger and homelessnessAustin Perine is only four years old. His story started this past February in the living room in Birmingham. Austin and his father, TJ Perine, were watching a program about a mother panda leaving her babies. “I told him that the babies would be homeless for a while,”TJ says. “Austin didn’t know what homelessness meant, but he was sad and wanted to know more.”Seeing this as a teachable moment, TJ took Austin to the Firehouse Ministries,a local shelter (救济中心) that provides housing and food for homeless men. As theydrove by, they saw 25 homeless men standing on the street corner. “Dad, they looksad,” Austin said. “Can we take them some food and make them smile?”Austin used his pocket money to buy each man a Burger King hamburger and handed the food out himself. Seeing what the burgers meant to the men, Austin returned the next week. He handed out burgers along with his catchphrase (口号), “Don’t forget to show love!”After he had returned for five weeks, word of Austin’s acts of kindness spread through social-media. Burger King agreed to donate (捐赠) $1,000 a month for a year to feed the homeless. Soon, churches and shelters began inviting Austin to give out food in poor areas. Thanks to social support, now Austin and TJ can feed 800 to 2,000 people at once.But Austi n isn’t just filling bellies. He’s improving the lives of those people he meets. On that first trip to Firehouse Ministries, TJ and Austin talked to a man named Raymont. The respect Austin showed touched Raymont, and Raymont told them his story. Having known his experience, TJ helped him get a job. Finally he was able to rent an apartment. All that was made possible because a little boy took time to care.Austin’s actions have now become his family’s calling. His grandma Audrey Perine set up the Show Love Foundation (基金会) which helps fight homelessness. TJ left his job to oversee the foundation.As for Austin, he continues to give out food, smiles, and his message of love, “It makes me feel like I’m saving the day.”4.Austin’s father took him to to see what homelessness meant. ( )A.a churchB.a restaurantC.a poor areaD.a local shelter5.Raymont was moved when . ( )A.Austin offered him a jobB.Austin bought him some foodC.Austin showed respect to himD.Austin listened to his story patiently6.How did Austin help the homeless? ( )A.By setting up a foundation.B.By asking Burger King to donate.C.By spreading their stories through social-media.D.By spending time and money caring about them.Ⅱ.[2019·石景山期末]回答问题Tornado ChaserDo you know? In June 2003, South Dakota experienced 67 tornadoes(龙卷风) in one day! In the U.S., tornadoes are responsible for 80 deaths and more than 1,500 injuries each year. Although they happen very often, tornadoes are difficult to predict. Why? Tornadoes develop from storms, but only some storms can become tornadoes. Meteorologists (气象学家) don’t know where and when a storm will touch the ground and turn into a tornado. Today, the warning time for a tornado is usually just 13 minutes.Tim Samaras is a tornado chaser. His job is to find tornadoes and follow them. When he gets close to a tornado, he puts a special tool on the ground. This tool measures things like temperature, humidity, and wind speed of a tornado. With this information, Samaras can learn what causes tornadoes to develop. If meteorologists understand this, they can warn people about tornadoes sooner and save lives.How does Samaras hunt tornadoes? It’s not easy. First, he has to find one. Tornadoes are too small to see using weather satellites (卫星). So Samaras can’t just depend on these tools to find one. Instead he waits for tornadoes to develop. Every May and June, Samaras drives about 40,000 kilometers (25,000 miles) across an area known as Tornado Alley, looking and hoping to find a tornado.Once Samaras sees a tornado, the chase begins. But a tornado is hard to follow. Some tornadoes change direction several times—for example, moving east and then west and then east again. When Samaras finally gets near a tornado, he puts his special tool on the ground. Being this close to a tornado is frightening. There is rubbish flying in the air. The wind is blowing at high speed. He must get away quickly.The work is risky, even for a skilled chaser like Samaras. But danger won’t stop his hunt for the perfect storm.7.When did South Dakota experience 67 tornadoes in one day?8.How long is the warning time usually for a tornado?9.What does Tim Samaras do?10.Where does Samaras go every May and June?11.Why is it hard for Samaras to hunt tornadoes?【参考答案】Ⅰ.A[主旨大意] 本文是一篇说明文。

话题17 历史与社会(国家与民族、历史、文化、名家名作等)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2018·昌平二模]完形填空People Just Like UsI was not interested in the school project on ancient cultures at all, especially things about Egypt (埃及), but Grace, my research partner, insisted the ancient Egyptians were interesting, and said I would 1 my mind for sure.“Learning about these ancient people is so boring,” I said.“It’s not! Don’t be sure until you’ve learned about them,” said Grace.I had to say Grace had a 2 . So the next Saturday, I found myself at the Museum of Natural History, which had a big show on ancient Egypt.“So ancient Egyptians were pretty undeveloped, right?” I asked Grace as we waited in line for our tickets. “I mean, they didn’t have much 3 , did they? Well, except for the pyramids (金字塔)—didn’t the Egyptian kings live in the pyramids?”Grace just kept silent and pushed me forward.The show set me straight about the pyramids. I learned that they were tombs (墓) of the ancient kings, not their 4 . I also found out the great pyramid at Giza was huge, standing 500 feet tall when it was first built!As I walked farther, I was 5 to find a show on ancient sports. I saw paintings showing people playing a game with a ball. Just for a moment, I could 6 ancient Egyptian kids beside the Nile River hitting around a ball, just as I do with my friends. And the next show was all about how the ancient Egyptians treasured their children. A child was considered a great gift to the family.“So what do you think of these 7 ancient people now?” Grace asked.“You were right,” I said. “Ancient Egyptians are much more interesting than I 8 . In fact, I know just what title to give our project. We’ll call it ‘People Just Like Us’!”( )1.A.keep B.change C.lose D.follow( )2.A.word B.plan C.point D.way( )3.A.technology B.difference C.confidence rmation( )4.A.fields B.grounds C.schools D.homes( )5.A.tired B.careful C.surprised D.nervous( )6.A.explain B.picture C.show D.enjoy( )7.A.boring B.impatient C.funny D.exciting( )8.A.searched B.studied C.experienced D.expectedⅡ.[2019·海淀一模]阅读理解For years, the word “popular” has been demonized (妖魔化) and made the same asmini-skirt-wearing, hair-coloring cheerleader types like Regina George in Mean Girls.Today, teachers and parents inform children that being popular is irrelevant (不相干的), unnecessary and a sure shortcut to upset, misery, and death. And some peopledescribe popular students as the ones most likely to burn out and end up as nobody, while their less well-liked counterparts enjoy a life of wealth and fame.However, the Oxford English Dictionary defines (定义) popularity as: “The state or condition of being liked, admired, or supported by many people.” This sounds like a lovely thing, and is not related to such behaviors as “burn books” or “three-way phone calls” in Mean Girls.In fact, it is a truth widely acknowledged that young people who feel liked or supported are more likely to obtain impressive achievements than those who feel lonely, unvalued, and irrelevant socially. So why, then, is popularity given such a bad name? Why is this state of well-likedness so demonized?Basically, the hatred (恨) shown toward what appears to be a very pleasant thing is caused by lack of understanding. When we, as viewers, see characters such as Regina Georges on TV and in films, we recognize them to be popular. These characters, if not exactly liked, are greatly admired by their peers (同伴). Our mistake comes when we try to understand their cruel and unkind actions using the deduction (推论) method. Humans are imperfect, and even the most intelligent mind is open to dishonesty through a very small slip in logic. Unfortunately, this occurs here with branding results.We first learn that a character is popular. Since this is important to the plot, it is constantly emphasized, leading it to be the most common thing in our minds when we consider the character. Later, we see that character do something unkind. The character’s most noticeable characteristic (in our minds) is his/her popularity. And now the character is mean and unkind. This character is popular. Therefore, we jump to a quick conclusion (结论) that popular people are mean and unkind.Things such as improper behaviors and rumor-spreading are terrible and should always be seen in a very serious light. However, it is important to recognize that these are not the behaviors of popular people, but bullies.So, in summary, do not be afraid to be popular and have many friends. If you are kind to everyone and treat others with respect, there will be few who can criticize you, for being widely liked is not a curse but a blessing. Just remember that being popular does give you a degree of power, and with great power comes a large electricity bill!9.The writer mentions the definition of popularity in Paragraph 2 to . ( )A.bring up his opinionB.give an examplee to a conclusionD.offer his suggestion10.What can we learn from the passage? ( )A.Being popular might offer a shortcut to a life of wealth.B.Students who feel supported have a better chance to achieve more.C.Popular students are usually famous but mean and unkind.D.The less well-liked people consider being popular as something bad.11.Paragraphs 4 and 5 are mainly about . ( )A.the importance of being admired by peersB.the ways to clear up some misunderstandingC.the advantages and disadvantages of being popularD.the reasons why people show hatred to being popular12.The writer probably agrees that . ( )A.cheerleader types will surely end up as nobodyB.being popular is unnecessary for most studentsC.treating others with kindness is beneficial to popular peopleD.famous people are likely to make mistakes and be criticizedⅢ.[2019·房山一模]回答问题Cowboy hats are famous for their high crowns and wide brims. Cowboys like wearing the hat very much. Why do c owboys wear hats? Here’s a brief history of the cowboy hat which should answer your question!John Stetson, a young hat maker from New Jersey, created the cowboy hat. Stetson happened to be on a trip, hunting for beavers (海狸). On this trip he used the beaver fur to make a hat. Onthe way he came across a cowboy who admired the hat and paid Stetson $5 for it. Ever since then, cowboys have been wearing “Stetsons” and similarly designed hats.Why did cowboys like the Stetson hat so much? Maybe for the following reasons.To protect against the weather. The wide brim of the hat keeps the sunlight out of the eyes. It also helps to protect the face and neck from sunburn. The tall crown of the hat provides a pocket of air as insulation (隔离) to help keep heat in winter. The animal-fur felt hats are the most waterproof. It acts like an umbrella keeping the rain, and snow out of the face.Cowboys sleeping out in the open air could sometimes use their hats to shut out any light if they happened to be catching some shut eye during the day. They could even make a pillow out of their hat when sleeping out on the ground at night.Sometimes, cowboy hats were used as water buckets (桶) to feed horses if they were weaved (编织) tightly enough!Many people in the West wear cowboy hats today because it can look pretty! For some this is yet another benefit to wearing the hat, but for others this is the only reason for wearing it. And why not? Just as you don’t have to be a baseball player to wear a baseball cap, you don’t need to be a cowboy to enjoy wearing a cowboy hat.13.Who created the cowboy hat?14.How much did the cowboy pay Stetson for the hat?15.What could cowboys do when sleeping out on the ground at night?16.Why do many people in the West wear cowboy hats today?17.What’s the passage mainly about?【参考答案】Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B7.A 8.DⅡ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇议论文。

话题3 个人情况(工作与职业)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·通州期末]完形填空Born to SwimMolly sat in the back seat of the car nervously. Her mom and Uncle Connor were talking about the days when they competed in school sports.“Your mom was a great 1 , Molly,” said Uncle Connor. “She wasn’t as fast as you are, but she was so graceful(优雅的) in the water. As soon as your mom 2 the water, she was a fish. I’m sure you got your talent from her.”Molly smiled and thought about her mom swimming as easily and gracefully as a fish. For a moment, she even 3 that they were on the way to her first swim competition of the season. “What about you, Uncle Connor?” she asked.Uncle Connor laughed. “Your uncle sinks(下沉) like a rock,” said Molly’s mom. “He knows how to swim, because I taught him myself, but it isn’t 4 to watch.”Before Molly knew it, they were arriving at the school. Her mom gave her a quick kiss. “We’ll see you after the 5 , Miss Molly,” Uncle Connor said. “Just do your best.”Molly took a deep breath as she headed over to her coach(教练) and teammates. When she was 6 , she talked to herself. You can do it.Just stay calm, and stay focused.Finally, Molly heard the sound of the whistle(哨子). She pushed off the startingblock and moved through the pool with strong, sure strokes(划水). Molly 7 shecould hear the voices of her mom and uncle in the crowd. She increased the speed ofher strokes and 8 felt her hand touch the blue tile (瓷砖) on the wall.Molly pulled herself from water. Numb er one! Molly’s hard work during the summer had paid off! ( )1.A.swimmer B.driver C.teacher D.runner( )2.A.got B.hit C.found ed( )3.A.hoped B.realized C.worried D.forgot( )4.A.boring B.easy C.pretty D.special( )5.A.lesson petition C.practice D.show( )6.A.swimming B.playing C.writing D.waiting( )7.A.agreed B.feared plained D.thought( )8.A.probably B.nearly C.finally D.continuouslyⅡ.[2019·房山期末]阅读理解A Powerful TeamThis is a story of two friends—one is blind; the other has no arms. Althoughthe two are “disabled”, they are a powerful team together. They have changed partof their village in North China’s Hebei Province into a rich, green forest.Their story began in 2000. Haixia was blind in his right eye. Wenqi lost hisarms in an accident. Neither could find a job, so they decided to team up. They rented(租) some poor land and began to plant trees.Haixia and Wenqi never imagined that they would create an environmental paradise(天堂). Their forest now has over 10,000 trees, hundreds of birds and many other wild animals. It also saves the village from river flooding(洪水泛滥) during the rainy season.When the friends work together, they focus on their strengths not their disabilities. Their day begins at 7 a.m. Haixia carries Wenqi across the river to get to their workplace. Since they cannot afford to buy young trees to plant, the two use branches(树枝) from trees. Haixia climbs to the tree-top and picks up the perfect branch. He then digs a hole and plants it carefully. Finally Wenqi waters the tree.The two men don’t make much money but they are proud of themselves and theystill work hard. As Wenqi says, “We stand on our own feet, so the fruits of ourwor k taste sweeter.”Neither Haixia nor Wenqi cares about money. As a team, they already haveeverything they need—a perfect pair of eyes, two strong hands, and the best friendship in the world!9.Haixia and Wenqi decided to team up because . ( )A.Haixia wanted to help WenqiB.neither could find a jobC.they had the same interestD.Wenqi asked Haixia to do that10.During the rainy season, Haixia and Wenqi’s forest . ( )A.makes the villagers become richerB.increases the number of the touristsC.saves the village from river floodingD.provides more farmland for the village11.In Paragraph 5, when Wenqi says “We stand on our own feet, so the fruits of our work taste sweeter”, he means that “”.( )A.they hope to make the forest even betterB.the fruits from their trees are very sweetC.they are proud to depend on their ownD.they are able to do any difficult workⅢ.[2018·西城期末]回答问题Albino PowerI was born an albino(白化病患者) in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1945.No one in my family had ever known what an albino was, what it meant to be an albino, what had to be done differently because I was an albino.My parents and friends treated me just like they treated everybody else.That was just about the best thing they could have done.It gave me a leg up on trusting myself, so when troubles came along, I could deal with them.True, my schoolbook photo always looked like a snowball with two pieces of coal for eyes.Like most albinos, I had terrible eyesight, but the fact that I could hardly see didn’t worry me all that much.Kids laughed at me, calling me“Whitey”.People stared at me when I held reading material right at the tip of my nose so I could see it well enough to read.Even when I was eight or nine, movie-theater workers started asking me to pay adult prices because I “looked older”.The worst part for me was that because my eyesight was so bad, I couldn’t play sports very well.I didn’t give up trying, though.I practiced playing basketball every day.And I studied harder.Finally, I got better at school and loved it.By the time I got to college, I was double majoring(专业), going to summer school and taking part in every kind of after-class activity I could find.I had learned to be proud of being an albino.I did my best to make“albino” a positive word.And I decided to make my living with my eyes—and in sports.I couldn’t see well enough to play sports, but with a good and long-lasting education and the drive to do it, I could make a living involved in the area I loved.I’ve done it now for more than thi rty years in print and in video, and now in cyberspace.People make jokes about how I’m the only “blind editor(编辑)” they know, but the jokes are friendly smiles now, and some of them are signsof respect.And I make jokes about being an albino.I have even developed an all-white routine, if you could call it that.I was just a proud albino kid from the coal country of Pennsylvania.I now realize that being born an albino helped me to get over difficulties, become confident, and be proud of my personal achievement.12.How did the writer’s parents and friends treat him?13.Why couldn’t the writer play sports very well?14.What was the writer doing by the time he got to college?15.What does the writer think of the“blind editor” jokes now?16.What does “Albino Power” mean to the writer?【参考答案】Ⅰ.1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.CⅡ.9.B10.C 11.CⅢ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。

话题4 居住环境主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·东城二模]完形填空Building Our Community“Mom, I hope Steve can take me to the park next weekend,” I said.“Sorry, Lucy,” Mom said, “your brother is volunteering next weekend to help 1 a house for a family.”I remembered Steve’s eyes had lit up when he first told me about the community home-building project. He was good at building and fixing things, so he was 2 to do something. Now that he was seventeen, he was finally old enough to take part in it.“It’s not 3 ,” I complained. “Steve can change a family’s life, but what can I do? I’m only ten.”Mom put on her serious look. “Don’t think about it like that, Lucy,” she said, “people make a 4 by thinking about what they can do, rather than what they can’t do.”Mom’s words echoed in my head later that day. Maybe she was right. I might not be able to physically build a house, but I could 5 money to help.The next day before class, I talked to my teacher, Mr. Brown, about my idea.“Well, we can br ainstorm about it,” he said, “I bet your classmates will have some good ideas. 6 will be the best way to make this happen.”After I explained my idea in class, Brason raised his hand. “My uncle owns a T-shirt shop. Maybe he can print some T-shirts that we can 7 .”“Great idea!” Mr. Brown said. Then, after a lively discussion, we decided on “Building Our Community” as our slogan(口号) to print. Marla, our class artist, agreed to drawthe design.By Friday, the T-shirts had been printed, and I had posted details about thesale on our class Web page. Our Saturday sale was a success. We earned$125.After the sale, we went to the community center. I 8 handed over the money.Mom and Mr. Brown had both been right. Everyone can do something, and together we can achieve something great.( )1.A.build B.find C.clean D.buy( )2.A.afraid B.free C.sorry D.eager( )3.A.easy B.fair C.safe D.interesting( )4.A.suggestion B.decision C.difference D.promise( )5.A.save B.make C.spend D.raise( )6.A.Teamwork B.Leadership C.Argument petition( )7.A.show B.wear C.sell D.give( )8.A.honestly B.proudly C.bravely D.secretlyⅡ.[2019·怀柔一模]阅读理解Many Different Kinds of TrashGarbage sorting is a big issue worldwide. In recent years, some Chinesecities have been working hard on it.Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account (账户)”service for its residents (居民). Account holders get points by correctly sorting their garbage. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products. The city is asking all of its residents to sort their garbage into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.·Wet waste is also known as household waste. “They are things you don’t want but that pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily explained.·Paper, metal, glass and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.·Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and fluorescent bulbs(荧光灯泡).·Any waste that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” dustbin.China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your trash properly and protect the environment.Also, different countries are using different methods to sort their trash.·UK: smart binA UK company has invented a “smart bin” to help with garbage sorting. People just need to drop their garbage into the bin. A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of garbage it is and correctly sort it. The bin also compresses the waste so it takes up less space.·South Korea: food asideSouth Korea is using a method called “Pay For Your Trash” to encourage its people to reduce food waste. When throwing away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their otherwaste and put it in a dustbin. The smart dustbin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning a bar code on the bin. The more they throw away, the more they will pay.·Japan: careful sortingJapan is leading the world in garbage sorting. They sort garbage so carefully that even plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products—newspapers, magazines and cartons—also have their own bins. There are also factories that make bags, clothes and dolls out of recycled waste.9.How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their garbage? ( )A.Providing its residents with guidebooks to help them.B.Giving people money to sort their trash correctly.C.Allowing people to exchange garbage with each other.D.Creating a special account service with the help of Alipay.10.What do we know about garbage sorting in China according to the passage? ( )A.People pay for their food waste by scanning a bar code.B.Residents have to take waste-sorting classes.C.There is still a lot of work to be done in this area.D.Plastic bottles and their caps go into different bins.11.The underlined word “compresses” probably means “” in the passage.( )A.squeezes or pushes hard togetherB.makes bigger or increasesC.pulls down or destroysD.makes something new, such as a productⅢ.[2019·平谷一模]回答问题The American community college system is a place for second chance. Community colleges are two-year schools that thrived(兴盛) in California after the end of World War Ⅱ. Many American military personnel(军人) were returning to civilian life after their service to the country. Some of these young people decided not to go to college after high school so that they could serve their country during that time of need. When they returned, many of them turned to the community college system in California to continue their education.The United States government introduced the G.I.Bill at that time giving returning servicemen and women educational benefits to help them get back to school. Soon community colleges and newschool districts began appearing throughout the country. Community colleges helped military personnel go back into college life easily. It was a low cost, less stressful than going back to a four-year university.Today, community colleges attract students from all parts of the world. In California, a large population of students comes from Asia and Latin America. These schools provide a second chance to international students who may have experienced difficulties attending college in their native countries. American students who may have not done well academically in high school, and did not enter a university, can turn to community college for a second chance, too.Community colleges provide a much-needed resource for all these students. Former military personnel, international students, and high school students alike, are all welcome. One of the best things about community colleges is that they accept anyone at any time. This means people who have not found what they want to do in life can try more than one area of study. If they don’t li ke one course of study, they can always try something else. That is the beauty of community colleges.12.When did the American community colleges thrive in California?13.Why didn’t the American military personnel go to college right after high school?14.Which is cheaper, going to a community college or a four-year university?15.Where does the large population of students in California community colleges come from?16.What’s the beauty of community colleges?【参考答案】Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者通过团队合作募集了125美元来帮助社区,以此告诉我们每人做一点,就能创造伟大的成就。

话题19 完形、阅读高频词汇主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.[2019·大兴一模]完形填空A Boy with Great CourageI have two jobs—as a teacher and a health-care doctor.I have worked with plenty of children infected(感染)with the virus(病毒)that causes AIDS.The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been 1 in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great 2 can be found in the smallest of packages.Let me tell you about Tyler.Tyler was born infected with HIV; his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medicines to enable him to live on. When he was five, he had a tube put in a vein(静脉) in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medicines were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed more oxygen (O2) to 3 his breathing.Tyler wasn’t willing to 4 one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease.It was not unusual to find him playing and running around his backyard, wearing his special medical backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little car. All of us who knew Tyler admired him for his pure joy in being 5 and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often pleased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she looked through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly see him.This terrible disease eventually wore 6 even the likes of a little tiger like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became clear that he wasn’t going to live on, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death.She 7 him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.A few days before his d eath, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, “I might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in 8 . Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.”( )1. A.noises B.troubles C.gifts D.memories( )2. A.pity B.love C.joy D.courage( )3. A.stop B.support C.break D.make( )4. A.get up B.give up C.live up D.look up( )5. A.sad B.funny C.naughty D.alive( )6. A.down B.up C.on D.by( )7. forted B.stopped C.punished D.praised( )8. A.black B.blue C.red D.yellowⅡ.[2019·大兴一模]阅读理解In 2005, Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computers and Pixar AnimationStudios, gave a commencement address (毕业典礼演说) to the graduates ofStanford University! The address was simply three stories about threeperiods in his life. The final story was on living with his cancer disease.(He died of cancer in October 2011.) Jobs challenged those graduates with ideas like: Have the courage to follow your heart and feelings? And, “Don’t be troubled by dogma, which is living with the results of other people’s thinking.” Jobs repeated a message for himself and for the graduates he faced that day: Stay hungry, stay foolish—in other words, stay with your dream and be a risk-taker. For forty years Steve Jobs did just that.Steve Jobs’ creative and beautiful products changed t he worlds of education, entertainment, and communication. The highlights of those past forty years go like this: In 1976 Jobs and his best friend Steve Wozniak (Woz) built the first Apple computer. Wozniak was good at engineering and marketing. In 1984, th e Mac was introduced to a lot of “Oh wow’s!” In 1986, one year after Jobs left Apple sadly, he started a new company called NeXT and won Pixar Animation Studios,which went on to produce the hit animated movie, Toy Story (Everyone, including foreigners, must have seen that movie more than once.). In 1998, Jobs returned to Apple to become its CEO and savior by designing the colorful, popular, and user-friendly iMacs. Beginning in 2001, and continuing to this day, the iPod in its various forms changed the way people get and listen to their music.In 2007, the iPhone again changed the mobile phone world. Then in 2010, the iPad became the latest celebrated product. Not everyone will own all of these Jobs creations, but statistics(统计) show that the iPod is the favorite with kids like you.So, with all the praises about his creative gifts and artistic style, where was the “hungry and foolish” Steve Jobs through it all? According to Jobs, special people improved his young life by breaking and feeding his curiosity. This curiosity later turned into interests. His adoptive father(养父) taught him to build and take things apart. He told Steve that things had to look beautiful and perfect on the inside. Even if other people couldn’t see them, Steve would know.His fourth-grade teacher stepped in when he turned off the school and got into trouble. She lighted his love for learning again. Even later, when he dropped out of college, he returned to classes that enriched his interests. Perhaps that was the first sign that a risk-taking personality was developing.With a great number of dreams and some strategic risk-taking decisions, Steve Jobs didn’t just talk the talk; he walked the walk. As he said to the graduates from Stanford, “Have the courage to follow your heart and feelings. They somehow already know what you truly want to become.”9. The writer seems to tell us that . ( )A.Steve Jobs graduated from Stanford University in 2005B.Steve Wozniak was Jobs’ elder brother in the familyC.Toy Story is one of Jobs’ successful risksD.Jobs’ adoptive father was not kind to him10. The underlined sentence “Steve Jobs didn’t just talk the talk; he walked the walk.” is similar meaning as “”.( )A.Jobs didn’t just talk; he also walked.B.Jobs wasn’t good at talking but walking.C.Jobs not only talked about his dream but also worked on it.D.Jobs didn’t just know how to talk well; he also knew how to work well.11. What’s true about S teve Jobs? ( )A.In the commencement address he talked about his whole life.B.The products made by him were both creative and artistic.C.When young, he was educated by many famous people.D.He died at a very old age.12. What’s the passage mainly about?( )A.Steve Jobs’ college life.B.Different products Steve Jobs made in his life.C.How Steve Jobs led Apple company to success.D.Steve Jobs’ success came from his dream and courage.Ⅲ.[2019·海淀期末]回答问题All Together Now!Have you ever heard of homemade music? That’s right—homemade music.Music that is made at home can be lots of fun. And all of the family cantake part in it. You don’t have to have good voices. And you don’t needto buy a musical instrument. What a family needs is the willingness to make music.A singing game my family like is Crazy Voices. Each person sings a different song. But everybody sings at the same time! We do sound a little crazy. But the tunes (曲调) all fit together. Sometimes we get all mixed up. Then we just hum the songs. Or we put our hands over our ears. Then we try it again. And crazy voices fill the air.We really have homemade music when we play the Tap-a-Glass. Why? We make the instrument—that’s the Tap-a-Glass. This takes some time. First, we hunt for drinking glasses that have a good ring to them. We tap them with a spoon to find out. We need eight glasses—one for each tone (音调) of the scale. How do we get different tones? By putting different amounts of water inthe glasses. The more water, the lower the tone. After a while, we have all eight tones of the scale. Now the Tap-a-Glass is ready. One person takes the spoon and taps out a simple tune. We always give the player time to practice a little bit first. Then we try to guess the name of the song.Sometimes we do echo (回声) singing. In echo singing, we sing the same song. We pick a simple tune. One person begins to sing. Then a second person starts—right after the first singer! Sure enough,we have homemade music with a homemade echo!My family have fun with homemade music. We enjoy the time being together. Sometimes we get all mixed up. Sometimes we have to stop because we are laughing so hard. But more importantly, we can make music ourselves. To us, it sounds great.13.What does a family need to have homemade music?14.Which singing game do the writer’s family like?15.How do the writer’s family get different tones with the glass?16.In echo singing, do they sing the same song?17.Why do the writer’s family have fun with homemade music?【参考答案】Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇记叙文。

话题18 科普与现代技术主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2018·东城一模]It was a February afternoon in a Brooklyn classroom. Sixteen-year-old TaylorEngler came face to face with a cow. But it was all in her head. She was transportedby a virtual(虚拟的) reality (VR) headset—it took Taylor and her classmates toa farm 250 miles away. For students, the technology means field trips are no longerlimited by the length of a bus ride. “I was not expecting it to be right in my face!” That’s what Taylor said after taking off the headset and finding herself back in the classroom.On any school day, students can take virtual reality “trips”. They are deep-sea diving. They are observing medical operations. They are visiting the Science Museum in London. Teachers say it’s another way to involve the iPhone generation(一代人) into classroom learning and it can help with their understanding and improve their grades. Colin Jones, a science teacher, has walked students through the northern forest with a Google app called Expeditions. “It can be done in a period or two with the help of the new techn ology,” he said. “But it could take even a week sometimes to take a real expedition.”“It’s different from watching videos. You can actually move,” Taylor said during the lesson on farm animals. “Not only move, but also feel,” said Richard Lamb. He studies how brains deal with information. “Your physiological responses(生理反应) in virtual reality are similar to what you get in doing the actual activity,” Lamb said. “Heart rate, breathing… everything.”It is unknown how many classrooms will use the technology. But experts say it’s still rare. Each headset can cost as little as $20 or $30, but systems and software for classes run into thousands of dollars. And good software is in great need. Another problem we face is how to make sure the VR technology mimics(模仿) the real world closely. “But we have to say VR technology provides students with a huge learning opportunity,” said David Evans, director of the National Science Teachers Association.John Miller, a chemistry teacher, agreed. “Too often in schools, studen ts did something wrong in their chemistry experiments. But we don’t have enough materials for them to redo the experiments.In virtual reality, all they do is hit reset on the computer. We don’t have to actually use chemicals.”Both Miller and Evans stressed the technology could enrich—not replace—real-world experiences. “We have to remain anchored(立足) in the real world,” Evans warned, “because that’s the one that we really need to study and explain.”1.On a February afternoon, Taylor . ( )A.travelled to a farm on a busB.watched a video about a cowC.had a virtual reality lesson in the classroomD.played computer games with her classmates2.What can we learn from the passage? ( )A.VR technology is widely used in schools.B.Teachers think VR technology helpful for students.C.Colin Jones’ students prefer a real trip to the forest.D.Students breathe faster in VR activities than in actual ones.ler and Evans probably agree that . ( )A.people shouldn’t lose interest in the real worldB.people should develop more VR systems and softwareC.VR technology won’t change students’ way of learningD.VR technology will reduce students’ mistakes in experimentsB[2019·西城一模]Over the past decade, an increasing stress has been placed on the importance of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) related classes in primary, middle and high school education in the U.S. The reason for this direction is well founded: research and test scores from the 1980s and 1990s showed that our students had fallen behind their international peers in all of these subject areas. Education officials, teachers and parents all felt that the situation needed to be changed, and quickly. However, in the rush to play catch-up in STEM-related areas, there’s one important aspect that is being neglected (忽略): the Fine and Performing Arts, particularly drama.It’s long been understood that a study of drama at the primary, middle and high school level helps students improve in many areas, such as self-confidence, self-expression, communicationskills, teamwork, and imagination. Most educators and parents agree that all of these are important for students to develop at any age, but it is difficult for the same parents and teachers to prioritize (优先安排) study time and classroom time to a subject like drama over subjects like Math, Physics or Computer Science. It’s even more difficult for policy makers and school officials to channel funds (资金) towards classes like drama, when the skills arts subjects develop are considere d “soft skills”. When the modern world is calling out for “hard skills”, like those needed to succeed in the tech-driven 21st century, how can they possibly prove it is reasonable to spend their funds that are becoming smaller and smaller on anything but STEM subjects?The short answer to the question “why spend time and money on drama?” is that drama education has been scientifically proven to improve students’ achievement, especially in communication skills that are very important to a STEM education. As we develop students with highly refined skills in STEM subjects, it’s equally important that we train the teachers that will support continued growth in these areas. An active, communicative teacher is the best way to get students on board in the study of STEM subjects, which can be unbearably dry. The best way to develop active communication skills? Drama. The next area in which the communication skills can be developed is publication and conference presentation. Drama improves students’ public speaking sk ills necessary for STEM students to effectively present papers in conferences and their writing skills necessary to publish papers. It’s also very important for students to be able to work well with one another. In the real STEM world, almost all scientifi c work happens in teams. Without the “soft” people skills necessary to navigate (导航) all of these interactions, no matter how technologically skilled one becomes, he or she will be at a disadvantage without the ability to communicate and work in teams.While the nationwide trend (趋势) to focus on playing catch-up in STEM education is reasonable, practical, and absolutely necessary, it’s important not to forget the huge effect arts, specifically drama education, have on the overall education of our children. The question parents, educators, and policy makers should be asking themselves is not “can we afford to support arts education in schools?” but rather “can we afford not to?”4.Why did Americans start to stress STEM related classes? ( )A.Because the world has moved into a tech-driven century.B.Because STEM classes have long been neglected in America.C.Because education officials prefer STEM classes to art classes.D.Because U.S. students are expected to be at an advantage in these areas.5.The underline d word “channel” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.( )A.affordB.directC.createD.raise6.The third paragraph is mainly about . ( )A.the benefits of drama educationB.the importance of STEM learningC.the abilities needed for STEM learningD.the reasons to improve drama education7.The writer probably agrees that . ( )A.drama is more important than STEM classesB.drama education has been the nationwide trendC.the result of neglecting drama education is hard to bearD.American students have made progress in playing catch-upⅡ.[2019·门头沟一模]回答问题Pi (π) Day is a celebration of a Maths number, 3.14 (actually the number neverends, it continues after the .14) that is used in the measurement (测量) of circles.The Pi symbol (π) is also a letter in the Greek alphabet. The celebration is heldon March 14th. This day is also the birthday of famous scientist Albert Einstein.A scientist called Larry Shaw invented the celebration at the Exploratorium Museum in 1988.It was declared(宣布) a national holiday in 2009.Every year on Pi Day, people meet at the museum and walk around the Pi Shrine 3.14 times and sing “Happy Birthday” to Albert Einstein while a piece of music called “Pomp and Circumstance”, written by British composer(作曲家) Sir Edward Elgar, is played. Once they finish the march, they eat pies.Maths and science lovers around the world also celebrate Pi Day. They often hold parties, wearing clothes with the Pi symbol (π). They talk about Pi, throw pies, play games, eat food which starts with the letters “pi”—pies, pizzas, pineapples, pine nuts and drink pineapple juice or a pint of beer!Some of the games people play at the Pi parties are:·A Pie eating contest(比赛)—the person who eats the most pies is the winner.·A Pie treasure hunt—players have to find objects with the Pi symbol (π) hidden in the room.·A Maths quiz—players answer 10 questions that use the Pi number, the loser gets hit with a pie in the face!Children can also decorate the Pi symbol (π) using paper, colours, glue, shiny beads and other things.People also have competitions to see who can remember the most digits(数字). Many teachers hold these memory contests in their classes. The Guinness World Record for reciting (背诵) the most digits is held by Lv Chao of China, who successfully recited Pi to nearly 67,890 decimal (小数的) places.Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with numbers. Just like the number itself, the possibilities for Pi Day are truly endless.8.What is Pi Day?9.Whose birthday is on March 14th?10.How can children decorate the Pi symbol (π)?11.How many decimal places did Lv Chao recite about Pi?12.What do you think of Pi Day?【参考答案】Ⅰ.A 1.C 2.B 3.AB [主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文。

话题15自然、世界与环境(大自然)主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.完形填空For thousands of years, people farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for meat. They 1 cloth, dyes(染料) and paper from plants. They used stone and metal for weapons and tools.People progressed to making machines powered by water and steam(蒸汽), and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol. Large cities were built. Factories 2 of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people. The Industrial Revolution(工业革命) changed the lives of many people because, for the first time, more people lived in cities than on 3 .panies built power plants(工厂) to make 4 to run the machines, factories and cities.People did not realize these activities were 5 the Earth. They didn’t realize how 6 oil, gas, coal and minerals were being used up. As cities grew bigger and spread across the land, plants and animals began to disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏)as people moved into new places.As time passed, people began to 7 the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources(资源). They saw that plants and animals needed protection, so they wouldn’t disappear forever. People joined together to tell 8 around the world to conserve(节约)our natural resources and care for the Earth. And so, Earth Day was born. Each year more and more people take part in Earth Day. What can you do to help?D.mixedD.shortD.losing( )6.A. clearlyⅡ.[2019·门头沟一模]阅读理解How Do Animals Spend the Winter?The weather gets colder, days get shorter and leaves turn color and fall offthe trees. Soon, winter is here. Snow covers the ground. People live in warm housesand wear heavy coats outside. Our food es from shops or supermarkets. But whatabout animals?Animals do many different, amazing things to get through the winter. Some of them migrate. This means they travel to other places where the weather is warmer or they can find food.Birds can fly very long distances. For example, the Arctic tern nests(筑巢) close to the North Pole in summer. In autumn, it flies south all the way to Antarctica. Each spring it returns north again. Most migrating birds travel shorter distances. But how do they find their way to the same place each year? Birds seem to use the sun, the moon and stars for directions.How do they know when it is time to leave for the winter? Scientists are still studying this. Many see migration as part of a yearly cycle(周期) of changes a bird goes through. The cycle is controlled by changes in the amount(量) of daylight and the weather.Some animals remain and stay active in winter. They must adapt(适应) to the changing weather. Many make changes in their behavior or bodies. To keep warm, animals may grow new, thicker fur in autumn. On snowshoe rabbits, the new fur is white to help them hide in the snow. Food is hard to find in winter. Some animals, like mice, gather extra food in autumn and store it to eat later. Some, like rabbits and deer, spend winter looking for leaves to eat. Animals may find winter shelter in holes in trees or logs, under rocks or leaves, or underground. Some mice even build tunnels through the snow.Some animals sleep for part or all of the winter. It is a special, very deep sleep called hibernation. The animal’s body temperature drops, and its heartbeat and breathing slow down. It uses very little energy. So it needs little or no food. In autumn, these animals get ready for winter by eating extra food and storing it as body fat. They use this fat for energy while hibernating.9.The under lined word “migrate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.( )10.The passage is mainly about . ( )A.birds can fly very long distancesB.some animals remain and stay active in winterC.all animals have their own ways to get through winterD.some animals sleep for part or all of the winter11.We can learn from the passage that . ( )A.all birds fly away to the south for winterB.animals may have thinner fur in summerC.animals’ hearts beat faster in winter to keep warmD.the sun, the moon and stars can tell animals the right directionsⅢ.[2019·昌平期末]回答问题The Art of the ElephantsIf your cat walked across something you were painting and left footprints behind, would you consider your cat an artist? What if your bird held a colored pencil in its beak(喙) and painted on a piece of paper? Most people may think of animal art as a joke, but some people have been taking it very seriously.Elephants were used for hundreds of years in Thailand’s logging industry(伐木业). They moved wood from forests in areas where there were no roads. At the beginning of this century, when the forests of Thailand began to quickly disappear, the government put a stop to logging. All of a sudden, many elephants in Thailand no longer had a way to make a living.Some elephants were trea ted badly. Others had to try to live on their own and couldn’t find enough to eat. There were once tens of thousands of elephants in Thailand. Today, there are less than five thousand. When two Russian-American artists, Vitaly Komar and Alex Melamid, first heard about the troubled elephants of Thailand, they knew that something had to be done to forever change the way people treated Thai elephants. Then, they came up with an idea to help these elephants.Komar and Melamid visited elephant camps in Thailand and began to show the elephant trainers how to teach the elephants to paint. At first, the trainers had to guide the elephants’ trunks. The elephants became more fortable doing this with practice—and lots of sweet snacks—and finally started to paint on their own. The strange idea that Komar and Melamid had to save the elephants actually began to work. They even helped found several elephant art schools in Thailand and in other Asian countries. The elephants and their trainers go there to learn about painting and get supplies they need.Today, people begin to buy elephant artworks from galleries(画廊) all around the world. Some are even willing to pay more than $2,000 for the works of the elephant artists! Some people pare the cheerful, brightly-colored artworks to the works of some great abstract(抽象的) painters. Some people are just happy to buy these special and original(原创的) artworks. Others think they are helping the troubled elephants in this way. The next time you see a piece of colorful abstract art, find out who the artist is. You just may be surprised at what you learn!12.What may most people think of animal art?13.What did elephants do in Thailand’s logging industry?14.How many elephants are there in Thailand today?15.What was Komar and Melamid’s idea to help the elephants in Thailand?16.Please list one reason why people buy elephant artworks.【参考答案】Ⅰ.[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文。

话题14 饮食、卫生与健康主题语篇阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2018·东城一模]Arkansas may give up the BMI program or weaken it with the help of the new governor, who said it had “a lot of negative, unexpected results”.The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years. Being seriously overweight can lead to health problems later in life. As a result, Arkansas first started the BMI program in 2004—public schools were required to provide parents with a yearly report of their children’s body-mass index (BMI), a number to show whether their weight is appropriate(合适的). Along with students’ BMIs, parents also received information on health risks of being overweight.A study shows that obesity(肥胖) rates in Arkansas have stopped increasing since 2004. But not everyone supports schools in repo rting students’ BMIs. Some parents have complained their kids worry that they are being “graded” on their weight, although Dr. Joe Thompson, who helped plan the BMI program, gave the explanation at the start of the program, “Just like a school check for vision or hearing, this is a way to raise awareness(意识) about a health risk.”Critics argue that telling parents their children weigh too much could hurt children’sself-esteem(自尊). Some also question whether it’s the role of schools to monitor students’ wei ght. Dr. Nancy Krebs, a nutrition expert, also thinks obesity report cards aren’t good enough. “They’re making kids feel bad about how they are,” she says. “Instead of focusing on kids’ BMIs, schools should provide better health and physical education clas ses and serve healthier food.”However, supporters of the program say overweight children have had self-esteem problems before their parents get obesity report cards. Dr. Karen Young at Arkansas Children’s Hospital says, “The overweight kids are being teased(被嘲弄). It doesn’t take the letter for them to feel bad.”Health experts from the University of Arkansas think it would be a pity to stop the BMI program. They see the program as a wake-up call for families and the letter is spurring some major action on some parents. Danita Thomas said she knew her son Irie was too heavy. But since getting that first BMI report, Irie has lost nearly 100 pounds and given up junk food. “It was helpful,” she said. “It made me realize that we needed to do something different.”The BMI reports and other steps, such as limits on vending machine(自动售货机) use at school, are leading to healthier students. If there was no BMI program, there should be other effective tools to get schools and parents involved with preventing children from becoming overweight adults.1.What might be the purpose of the BMI program in Arkansas? ( )A.To make the schools realize the importance of health education.B.To warn parents of health risks of overweight children.C.To drive parents to learn more knowledge on health.D.To explain why some students gain weight quickly.2.Dr. Nancy Krebs believes that . ( )A.overweight students are usually laughed at by classmatesB.schools should teach students how to lead a healthy lifeC.overweight students usually get low grades at schoolD.schools should do the job to record students’ weight3.The words “spurring some major action on some parents” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “”.( )A.keeping some parents from worriesB.encouraging some parents to make changesC.helping some parents learn from other familiesD.supporting some parents in expressing their opinions4.What does the passage mainly talk about? ( )A.What schools should report to parents.B.How schools can care about overweight students.C.Why schools should help students control their weight.D.Whether schools should report students’ BMIs to parents.B[2019·房山期末]Bottled water has become the choice for people who are healthy and thirsty. Bottled water is all over the world. But some say the planet’s health and people’s health may be suffering from it.The idea that bottled water is safer for humans may not be true. The NaturalResources Defense Council of America said, “There is no promise that because watercomes out of a bottle, it is cleaner or safer than water from the tap.” Another New York City-based action group added that some bottled water is “really just tap water in a bottle—sometimes cleaner, sometimes not.”It is not tested that bottled water is better than tap water. Nick Reeves from the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management said, “The high mineral content(矿物质含量) of some bottled water makes it not good for feeding babies and young children.” Also, most bottled water doesn’t have fluoride(氟化物), which can make teeth stronger. Kids are drinking more bottled water and less fluoridated tap water, and some say that’s behind the recent rise in bad teeth.Storing is another problem. Placed near heat, the plastic bottles can produce bad chemicals into the water. Store bottled water appropriately. Bottled water, like many foods and drinks, should be stored in the appropriate way to keep the quality and safety of the product. Keep bottled water out of the light and heat.According to the Environmental Protection Agency, some 2.7 million tons of plastic are used worldwide to bottle water each year. The plastic can take between 400 and 1,000 years to break down.For energy use, plastic bottles are also not cheap. One report said that if water and drink bottlers had used 10 percent recycled materials in their plastic bottles, they would have saved about 72 million gallons of gas.So, if you are worried about the effect of bottled water on the earth, you can take the following four steps:Step 1.Drink from your tap. Unless your government warns against this, it should be fine.Step 2.Get a container(容器). Carry your tap water in a steel or a lined drinking container, and clean it before using.Step 3.Keep it cool. Don’t drink from a bottle that has been sitting in the sun, don’t store it near chemicals, and don’t reuse plastic bottles.Step 4.Choose glass containers over plastic if possible. When finished, recycle!5.What can we learn about bottled water from the passage? ( )A.Plastic bottles are not expensive to make.B.It is tested that bottled water has high fluoride.C.Bottled water may cause the rise in bad teeth.D.The plastic can be broken down in less than 400 years.6.According to the passage, the writer probably agrees that . ( )A.bottled water is safer and cleaner than tap water for humansB.plastic bottles can produce bad chemicals into the water in cool placesC.babies and young children need bottled water with high mineral contentD.gas can be saved if water and drink bottlers had used recycled plastic bottles7.The writer mentions the four steps to show that . ( )A.we can do something to reduce the bad effect of bottled waterB.we can improve the bottled water by storing it in right placesC.the government is against people to drink tap water in recent yearsD.scientists can invent some new materials to produce bottled water8.What is the best title of the passage? ( )A.Bottled water and tap waterB.Be careful to drink bottled waterC.The disadvantages of bottled waterD.How to drink bottled water safelyⅡ.[2019·西城一模]回答问题On Sunday I took part in Tomato Sauce Day of my friend Deb’s family. I am thankful for my beautiful friend to share this family milestone (里程碑) event.Nine family members, myself and a few friends, took part in the day. Sunday was a special day because it was the last time that Tomato Sauce Day event would be carried out at Grandma’s home. Tomato Sauce Day is going to be different next year in terms of the surrounds (环境), however, I have a feeling that all else will remain unchanged.Grandma passed away 5 years ago, and Deb and her uncle bought the property (地产). Plans are in progress to begin building two new homes on the same place.I listened to the family discussing the activities of the day, past sauce days and memories.A love of the tradition of the day and happy memories of sharing the day with family members who have passed away were recounted. The value of spending time together as a family was obvious.The basic process and recipe (菜谱) for the sauce made by Deb’s family remains the same way as it is still done in Grandma’s village today:• The event takes place once a year.• Sauce is made by the family, for the family for the y ear ahead.• The sauce is made with just salt added to the tomatoes. This allows the family to use it throughout the year in various dishes as the base ingredient (食材). They add their own preferred ingredients in the cooking process.• The women prepare an d make the sauce, the men are not involved. The women start the day with a visit to the community garden to collect the tomatoes and then they began the preparation. Once the sauce is cooking, it is lunch time and time for the family to catch up. Tomato Sauce Day is relived by the family all over the year as they open each bottle of red tomato goodness. I am looking forward to trying my sauce tonight. I feel like I need to make home-made pasta to eat it!9.What event did the writer take part in on Sunday?10.Where was the event carried out this year?11.How do the family use the sauce?12.What do the women do to start the day?13.Why is the event a family milestone event?【参考答案】Ⅰ.A 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.DB 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.BⅡ.9.Tomato Sauce Day.10.At Grandma’s home.11.The family use it as the base ingredients.12.They visit the community garden to collect the tomatoes.13.Because it is a family tradition to get together and share happy memories.。