大学英语课程教学要求大纲词汇手册纪飞主编--词组整理终极版

大学英语课程教学大纲（总纲）大学英语课程教学大纲（总纲）公共外语部2007年10月修订太原师范学院公共外语部大学英语课程教学大纲【说明】按照教育部的要求，鉴于全国高校的教学资源、学生入学水平以及所面临的社会需求等都不尽相同，各校应参照教育部正式公布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，制定本校大学英语教学大纲，指导本校的大学英语教学。

太原师范学院是以本科师范教育为主的全日制高等师范学院，其办学理念是“行知统一，造就良师，服务社会”。

本校设置的大学英语课程为非英语专业本专科生的公共必修课，目的是培养学生的英语综合应用能力，提高综合文化素养，满足新时期国家和社会对教师人才培养的需要。

本大纲是在充分考虑我校师资、学生、教学条件、教学资源等要素的基础上制定的，包括教学目的、教学要求、教学方法与手段、课程设置、教学评估和参考教材等六个部分。

1、教学目的根据《大学英语课程教学要求》的规定，大学英语的教学目标是“培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会和国际交流的需要。

”根据太原师范学院在校学生的特点，具体教学目标制定如下：①培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力；②培养学生口头和书面表达能力，有效地进行交流；③培养学生自主学习能力，努力提高综合文化素养；④培养学生不断适应我国社会发展和国际交流需要。

2、教学要求根据《大学英语课程教学要求》的规定，大学英语阶段的英语教学要求分为三个层次，即一般要求、较高要求和更高要求。

太原师范学院生源主要来自本省的不同地区，外语水平参差不齐，英语语音受方言影响，基础好坏不均衡。

为了充分贯彻因材施教原则，构建适合我校特色的个性化的教学体系，特制订“一般要求”和“较高要求”。

“一般要求”是我校非英语专业本专科毕业生通过两年共四个学期的学习，应达到的基本要求（分为四个级别，一个学期对应一个级别）。

课程编号：0502000114COEN《综合英语（1）》（Comprehensive English）课程教学大纲32学时+20学时自主学习2学分+1学分一、课程的性质、目的及任务《综合英语1》课程是我校非英语专业本科生一门必修的大学英语基础课程。

目前大学英语教学已成为整个高等教育的“重要的有机组成部分”。

根据教育部2007年版《大学英语课程教学要求》的精神，大学英语是以外语教学理论为指导，以英语语言知识与应用技能、跨文化交际和学习策略为主要内容，并集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系。

《综合英语1》的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。

根据我校实际情况，当前大学英语的任务以语言习得理论为指导，学生为中心，继续深化和推进大学英语分级教学改革，以课堂教学为主，自主学习为辅，逐步推进、建立和完善分层次教学和拓展型课程教学，改变传统单一的评估方式，终结性评估和形成性评估相结合，并集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系，促进学生个性化学习要求和方法的形成以及学生自主学习能力的发展，从而向培养学生终生学习能力为导向的终生教育的转变。

二、适用专业全校非英语本科专业。

三、先修课程高中英语。

四、课程的基本要求根据我校学生入学时的英语水平，在总体上依照《大学英语课程教学要求》将英语教学分为三个层次，即一般要求、较高要求和更高要求。

非英语专业本科生在大学阶段的英语学习与实践中，可选择能够达到的标准。

根据我校学生的实际情况，通过本课程的学习，学生应能达到以下要求：1.听力理解能力：能听懂英语授课，能基本听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材讲座，能基本听懂语速为每分钟110词左右的慢速英语节目，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点。

能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解，能听懂指示语，如指路、如何做某事、操作指南等，能听懂数字（基数和序数）、时间等。

大学英语教学大纲词汇表大学英语教学大纲词汇表大学英语教学大纲词汇表是指为了提高学生的英语词汇量和应用能力，教育部编制的一份指导性文件。

它的目的是帮助学生掌握基本词汇，提高语言表达能力，为他们的学术和职业发展打下坚实的基础。

一、大纲词汇表的意义1. 提高学生的语言能力：大学英语教学大纲词汇表是根据学生的英语学习需求和实际应用情况编制的，它包含了学生所需掌握的基本词汇，能够帮助学生扩大词汇量，提高语言表达能力。

2. 促进学生的综合素质发展：大纲词汇表中的词汇不仅涉及日常生活和学习，还涵盖了各个学科领域的专业词汇。

通过学习这些词汇，学生能够更好地理解和应用学科知识，提高学术素养和综合素质。

3. 适应国际交流需求：随着全球化的发展，英语已成为国际交流的重要工具。

大纲词汇表的编制旨在培养学生的国际视野和跨文化交际能力，使他们能够在国际舞台上与他人进行有效的交流和合作。

二、大纲词汇表的特点1. 全面性：大纲词汇表涵盖了各个语言层次和语言功能的词汇，包括词汇的拼写、发音、词义、搭配等方面的内容。

学生通过学习大纲词汇表，能够全面提升自己的英语水平。

2. 渐进性：大纲词汇表按照难易程度和学习顺序编排，从基础词汇到高级词汇，逐步深入。

学生可以根据自己的实际情况选择适合自己的学习路径，循序渐进地提高自己的词汇水平。

3. 实用性：大纲词汇表中的词汇都是实用的，能够帮助学生在日常生活和学习中更好地表达自己的意思。

学生通过学习这些词汇，能够更好地应对各种语言交际场景，提高自己的语言应用能力。

三、大纲词汇表的学习方法1. 多读多听：学生可以通过阅读英语原版书籍、报纸、杂志等提高自己的词汇量。

同时，多听英语音频和观看英语视频也是扩大词汇量的有效方法。

2. 制定学习计划：学生可以根据自己的学习目标和时间安排，制定合理的学习计划。

可以每天学习一定数量的词汇，通过坚持不懈的努力逐步提高自己的词汇水平。

3. 应用为主：学生在学习词汇的过程中，要注重词汇的应用。

《大学英语》教学大纲一、课程说明1.课程代码：2.课程中文名称：大学英语3.课程英文名称： College English4.课程总学时数：1445.课程学分数：6.授课对象：非英语专业的一、二年级本科学生7.本课程的性质、地位和作用大学英语教学是高等教育的一个有机组成部分，是大学生的一门必修的公共基础课程。

该课程是以英语语言知识与应用技能、学习策略和跨文化交际为主要内容，以外语教学理论为指导，并集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系，重在培养学生的英语综合应用能力，并对增强他们的自主学习能力、提高综合文化素养以及为他们以后的学术深造打好基础等方面都起着重要作用。

二、教学基本要求1.本课程的目的、任务通过本课程的教学，要求学生打下较扎实的语言基础，掌握良好的语言学习方法；自主学习能力和综合文化素养得到提高；具有较强的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力；能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流；了解英语国家文化背景和社会风貌；为以后的学术深造打下必要的跨文化交际能力基础。

2.本课程的教学要求根据《大学英语课程教学要求》，大学阶段的英语教学要求分为三个层次，即一般要求、较高要求和更高要求。

一般要求是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生应达到的基本要求。

较高要求或更高要求是为有条件的学校根据自己的办学定位、类型和人才培养目标所选择的标准而推荐的。

三个层次的英语能力要求如下：1）一般要求：听力理解能力：能听懂英语授课，能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材的讲座，能听懂语速较慢(每分钟130-150词)的英语广播和电视节目，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点。

能运用基本的听力技巧。

口语表达能力：能在学习过程中用英语交流，并能就某一主题进行讨论，能就日常话题用英语进行交谈，能经准备后就所熟悉的话题作简短发言，表达比较清楚，语音、语调基本正确。

能在交谈中使用基本的会话策略。

阅读理解能力：能基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章，阅读速度达到每分钟70词。

大学英语教学大纲词汇表大学英语教学大纲词汇以字母a开头的单词a/强eI，弱E/；一个/强一个，弱一个，n/art.1.(未指定的一个或多个)；2.(同类事物中的任何一种)；3.每个(一个)*放弃/E5bAndEn/vt.1.放弃并丢弃；2.放弃，放弃；3.放弃放弃自我放纵与放纵1 .1；2.放纵◆缩写/e7bri:vi5e ifen/n .首字母缩略词◆遵守/E5baid/vt.公差遵守通过服从和实现*能力/E5biliti/n.1.能力、能力；2.天赋、智慧到尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力...:2.有天赋、有能力▲异常/Ab5nC:mEl/adj.异常*船上/E5bC:d/prep.船上(船、飞机、车辆)，船上(船、飞机、车辆) Ad.开(船、飞机、车辆)，开(船、飞机、车辆)▲废除/e5bcliff/vt .完全废除▲堕胎/E5bC:FEn/n.流产，流产◆大量存在/e5baand/VI .1 .丰富；2.(英寸，充满大约/5Ebaut/prep.1.大约；2.左右，无处不在Ad.1.左右，大致相同；2.左右，无处不在；3.就在附近是即将，即将，也就是说，大约/e5bqv/prep .1 .以上…；2.大于，大于；3.高于，优于；4.超过，超过Ad.1. on(或to)，在顶部；2.[等级、功率、数字等。

]，见上文；3.以上Adj.以上◆并排/EB rest/ad .并排保持与…并驾齐驱...了解…的最新情况...国外和国外。

2.扩展，扩展▲突然/E5brQpt/adj.1.突发、意外；2.(礼貌、单词等。

)突然的或者鲁莽的*缺乏/5 absense/n .1 .缺席，缺席；2.缺勤时间，外出期间；3.缺乏，不存在*缺席/5缺席/调整.1.缺席或缺席；2.缺少，不存在；3.健忘*绝对/5 abseru:t/adj .1 .满，真实；2.绝对的，完全的；3.不受任何限制(或约束)*吸收/Eb5sC:b/vt.1.吸收。

大学英语教学大纲词汇表大学英语教学大纲词汇以字母a开头的单词a/强eI，弱E/；一个/强一个，弱一个，n/art.1.(未指定的一个或多个)；2.(同类事物中的任何一种)；3.每个(一个)*放弃/E5bAndEn/vt.1.放弃并丢弃；2.放弃，放弃；3.放弃放弃自我放纵与放纵1 .1；2.放纵◆缩写/e7bri:vi5e ifen/n .首字母缩略词◆遵守/E5baid/vt.公差遵守通过服从和实现*能力/E5biliti/n.1.能力、能力；2.天赋、智慧到尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力；尽自己最大的能力...:2.有天赋、有能力▲异常/Ab5nC:mEl/adj.异常*船上/E5bC:d/prep.船上(船、飞机、车辆)，船上(船、飞机、车辆) Ad.开(船、飞机、车辆)，开(船、飞机、车辆)▲废除/e5bcliff/vt .完全废除▲堕胎/E5bC:FEn/n.流产，流产◆大量存在/e5baand/VI .1 .丰富；2.(英寸，充满大约/5Ebaut/prep.1.大约；2.左右，无处不在Ad.1.左右，大致相同；2.左右，无处不在；3.就在附近是即将，即将，也就是说，大约/e5bqv/prep .1 .以上…；2.大于，大于；3.高于，优于；4.超过，超过Ad.1. on(或to)，在顶部；2.[等级、功率、数字等。

]，见上文；3.以上Adj.以上◆并排/EB rest/ad .并排保持与…并驾齐驱...了解…的最新情况...国外和国外。

2.扩展，扩展▲突然/E5brQpt/adj.1.突发、意外；2.(礼貌、单词等。

)突然的或者鲁莽的*缺乏/5 absense/n .1 .缺席，缺席；2.缺勤时间，外出期间；3.缺乏，不存在*缺席/5缺席/调整.1.缺席或缺席；2.缺少，不存在；3.健忘*绝对/5 abseru:t/adj .1 .满，真实；2.绝对的，完全的；3.不受任何限制(或约束)*吸收/Eb5sC:b/vt.1.吸收。

大学英语教学大纲词汇(最新完整版)大学英语写作教学大纲大学英语写作教学大纲应由本人根据自身实际情况书写，以下仅供参考，请您根据自身实际情况撰写。

一、课程名称：大学英语写作二、课程性质：本课程是英语专业必修课，也是非英语专业选修课。

三、课程目标：1.知识目标：学生应掌握基本的英语写作知识，包括*结构、段落组织、句子构造、标点符号等。

2.能力目标：学生应具备基本的英语写作能力，包括撰写英语作文、翻译英语*、撰写英语电子邮件等。

3.情感目标：学生应具备基本的英语写作素养，包括语言表达能力、文化素养、审美能力等。

四、教学内容：1.写作基础：包括*结构、段落组织、句子构造、标点符号等。

2.写作技巧：包括*构思、选词造句、篇章布局等。

3.写作实践：包括撰写英语作文、翻译英语*、撰写英语电子邮件等。

五、教学方法：1.课堂讲解：教师讲解写作基础知识，传授写作技巧。

2.小组讨论：学生分组讨论写作技巧，互相学习。

3.写作实践：学生完成写作任务，教师批改作文并给予反馈。

六、教学评估：1.课堂提问：教师根据课堂讨论情况进行评分。

2.作文评分：教师根据学生完成的任务情况进行评分。

3.学生互评：学生相互评分，取平均分作为最终成绩。

4.期末考试：学生进行写作考试，教师批改作文并给予反馈。

大学英语自学课程教学大纲《大学英语自学课程教学大纲》是1985年10月1日由教育部高等教育司颁布的指导性文件，适用于由教育部直接管理的高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生进修英语及攻读英语专业的研究生使用。

该大纲的总目标是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和听、说、读、写、译的基本技能，使他们能用英语交流信息，并具有一定的自学能力。

本大纲包括教学要求、课程设置、教学安排、教学评估和附录等五个部分。

此外，对于不同级别，大纲也设置了不同的要求。

例如，《大学英语自学课程教学大纲》分为六级，对每个级别的大纲都提出了具体要求，包括语言知识、语言技能、学习策略和语用等方面。

《高职高专英语》大纲词汇表（部分）说明：本词汇表依据教育部高等教育司《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求（试行）》拟定，其中有*号者为A级词汇，无标记的为入学需要掌握的词汇和B级词汇。

abandon* v. 放弃,遗弃,沉溺absolute* a. 绝对的,完全的absorb* v. 吸收,使全神贯注access* n. 通路,进入,使用之权accommodation* n. 住处,膳宿accompany* v. 陪伴,带有accomplish* v. 完成account n.帐目,报告,估计v. 叙述,解释accumulate* v. 积聚,堆积accurate* a. 准确的,精确的accuse* v. 责备,控告acknowledge* v. 承认,答谢,告知收到acquire* v. 获得,取得,学到actually ad. 实际上additional a. 附加的,另外的adequate* a. 足够的,适当的,能胜任的admire*v. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission* n.许可,入会费,承认advance n.v. 前进agency* n. 代理,代理处agenda* n. 议事日程agent* n.代理人,代理商,特工airline n. 航线；航空公司alcohol* n. 酒精allowance* n. 津贴alphabet* n. 字母表alter* v 改变alternative n.选择之物a.二者选其一ambassador* n 大使ambition* n 雄心；远大目标ambitious* a雄心勃勃的amend* v修正，修订amuse* v逗乐；提供娱乐ancestor* n 祖先；先驱者anniversary* n 周年（纪念）annoy* v使恼怒；使烦恼annual a 每年的；n年刊anticipate* v预期；希望anxiety* n忧虑；渴望anxious a焦虑的；急切的apartment n公寓apparent* a 表面上的；明显的appeal to v呼吁,恳请,吸引,上诉appetite* n食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好appetizing*a开胃的;刺激欲望的applause* v鼓掌；欢呼appliance* n电器；装备applicant* n请求（申请）者application n申请（表）；应用appoint* v任命;约定(时间地点)appreciate v重视，欣赏；领会；为……表示感谢approach* v靠近；n接近；途径；方法appropriate* a 适当的approval* n赞成，同意；批准approve* v赞成，同意；批准arbitration* n仲裁，公断arise v出现；起源于arouse* v引起；唤醒artificial* a人工的；假的aside a在旁边，到一边aspect n方面assess* v评估，评价assign* v指派；布置；指定assignment* n(指定的)任务;指派；分配assist* n协助assistant n助手a副的;助理的associate* v把…联系在一起；交往n伙伴，合伙人；a副的association* n协会，社团；联合；联想assume* v假定；承担astonish* v使惊讶atmosphere n 大气；气氛attach v贴；使附属；使依恋attend v出席；照料；专心于attendant* n服务员a陪同的authority n[pl.]官方，当局；当权者；权力，权威authorize* v授权，委任auto n汽车automatic a自动的await*awake a醒着的v唤醒awful* a 可怕的；极度的awkward* a笨拙的；尴尬的，棘手的bachelor* n单身汉；学士balance* v使平衡；称n天平；均衡；差额ball n舞会banquet* n宴会bare a赤裸的，不戴帽的；光秃秃的；勉强的v露出，暴露bargain v讨价还价n交易；特价商品barrier* n障碍（物）battery* n电池（组）bear v忍受；负担；结，生behalf* n利益behave* v(机器)运转；举止behavior n(机器)运转；举止beneath prep在...下面ad在下面berth* n卧铺；泊位，停泊处bid* n/v 出价，投标bind v捆绑（扎）blend* v混合n混合物board n板；董事会，委员会；伙食v上（车）bold a勇敢的；冒失的；粗体的bond* n联结；公债，债券bonus* n奖金；额外酬金bore* v使厌烦；钻，凿，挖n令人讨厌的人（事）bound* a一定的；有义务的；开往…的v跳跃，弹回boundary* n分界线；边界brilliant* a光辉灿烂的；卓越杰出的brochure* n小册子broker* n经纪人budget* v/n预算bulletin* n告示bureau* n局campaign* n运动；战役candidate n候选人；报考者；申请求职者capacity* n容量，容积；能力capture* v/n捕获cashier* n出纳员cast* v投；铸造casual* a随便的；偶然的catalogue* n目录（册）；v编入目录；编目分类cease* v/n 停止centigrade* a/n摄氏（的）ceremony n典礼；礼节certificate n证（明）书；执照characteristic* a特有的n特性charge v索价；控告；充电n收费；控告；充电，电荷chase* v/n追逐check v检查；制止n检查；支票Christian* n基督教徒；a基督教的circuit* n电路；环行circumstance* n环境,条件,情况claim v宣称；提出要求n宣称；索赔clarify* v澄清；阐明classic* n[pl]杰作a一流的classical a古典的，经典的classify* v分类clause n条款clockwise* a/ad顺时针coach v指导n长途汽车；铁路旅客车厢colleague* n同事collection* n收藏品；收集collective* a/n 集体column* n柱；栏；专栏combination* n结合；化合（物）comment n/v 注解；评论commerce n商业；贸易commercial* n电视广告a商业的commission* n授权，委托；佣金，回扣；委员会commit* v犯，干；承诺commodity* n商品commute* n通勤;定期往返;变换compact* a紧密；坚定；简洁的companion n同伴，伴侣comparable* a可相比；敌得上compatible* a相容；谐调；一致compensate*v赔偿；报酬；弥补competent* a有能力；胜任competitive* a竞争complaint* n抱怨；怨言；控诉complex* a综合；复杂n综合体complicated* a复杂；难懂component* n成分；部件compose v构成；创作，谱曲composition* n成分；作文；乐曲；compound* a复合n化合物comprehension n理解（力）comprise*v包含,由…组成,构成compromise* n妥协；折中办法concentrate v集中；集合；浓缩concern n关心;关联v关心;涉及concerning prep关于conduct n行为v处理；传conductor n导体;指挥;列车员confess* v 坦白；承认confidential* a机密confine* v使受到限制confirm* v证实；确认；批准conflict* v/n冲突；抵触conform* v一致，符合confront* v面对；遭遇；对抗confuse v使混乱；混淆congress* n代表大会；国会，议会consequence n 结果，后果consequently ad因此conservative* a/n保守的（人）conserve* v保持considerable a相当大;值得考虑considerate a 体谅；考虑周到consist v组成；在于constraint* n强制;拘束;压迫感consul* n. 领事consulate* n. 领事馆consult v.商讨,向...请教,查阅consultant* n. 顾问consume*v. 消耗,花费consumption* n. 消费（量）content n[pl]内容,目录;含量a满意的contest* v/n竞争,比赛context* n上下文;前后关系continual a连续的continuous a连续不断的contract n合同;v订合同;使收缩contradict* v同…矛盾(抵触)contrary a相反的;n相反(事物)contrast* v/n对比contribute* v捐献,贡献;投稿conversion* n转变(化,换)convert* v转变(化)convey* v运(输)送;传达(送)convince v使确信(信服)cooperate v合作;配合coordinate* v调节,协调copyright* n版权;著作权a有版权的corporation* n公司correspond v与…一致;相当(类似)correspondence* n通信,函电;相当correspondent* n通信者;通讯员;有业务往来者corresponding* a相应的;一致的costly a昂贵;代价高的council* n委员会;理事会counter n柜台;记数器;v反对courteous* a有礼貌的craft* n手艺;船;航天器creature* n生物;人credit* n信用贷款;信用;荣誉;赞扬;功劳;学分v记入贷方crew* n全体船(机组)人员criminal* n罪犯;a刑事的crisis n危机;决定性时刻critical a批评的;关键性的crucial* a极其重要的;严重的crude* a简陋的;天然的;粗俗的crystal* n水晶;a清澈透明的;晶体的currency* n通货;货币;流通;通用current n流;电流;a当前的;流行的cursor* n光标curve* n曲/弧线;v(使)弯曲damp* a潮湿的;n潮湿dash* v/n飞奔;猛掷; data* n数据;资料database 数据库deadline 截止时间；界限dealer* 商人；贩子debate* 辩论;讨论decay* 腐烂;衰落deceive* 欺骗decrease 减少(小) defence / defense* 击败;使落空defend 保卫;为…辩护definite 明确的;肯定的delegate* 代表;委员///授权;委托;委派delete* 取消;删除deliberately* 深思熟虑地;有目的地delicate 纤细的;清秀的;鲜美的;优美的;易碎的;纤弱的; 微妙的;棘手的;灵敏的;精密的delight 使高兴//快乐;令人高兴的东西或人democracy* 民主(国家) demonstrate* 论证;演示;示威density* 密集;稠密;密度deny 拒绝给予(要求);否认department 部门;系科departure 出发;离开dependent* 依靠的deposit* 使沉淀;存放;储蓄;交押金//沉积物;定金;押金depress* 使沮丧;降低derive* 取得;追溯…的起源deserve* 应受;值得desirable* 值得向往的;称心的despair* 绝望//绝望despite 不管,尽管dessert* 甜点destination* 目的地;目标destruction* 破坏;消灭detect 察觉;侦察determination* 决心determine 决心;查明;决定device 装置;设备;器具devote 将…奉献;把…专用于diagnose* 诊断diagram* 图表;简图dialect* 方言differ 不同;与…意见不同digest* 消化//摘要digital* 数字的;用数字显示的dim* 昏暗的;朦胧的dimension* 尺寸,长(宽,厚,深)度;面积,大小,规模dine 就餐diplomat* 外交官direct 笔直的;率直的;直接(地)//针对;指示;指导,管理direction 方向(位);用法说明director 指导者,主管;董事;导演disaster* 灾难discharge* 离开;放出;卸货//释放;排除discipline* 纪律;训练//训导;惩罚disclose* 揭开;揭发;露出disconnect* 断绝(开);使脱离discount* 折扣discourage* 使泄气disgust* 厌恶//使厌恶disgusting* 令人厌恶的dismiss 免职,开除;解散disorder 杂乱;骚乱;失调dispose* 去掉,消除;排列;安排dispute* 争论//争吵distinct* 截然不同的;清楚的,明白的distinction* 差别;区分distinguish* 区别;分清distort* 歪曲;使变形district* (地)区,行政区divide 分;分配;隔开;除divorce* 离婚;分离domestic*本国的;家用的;驯养的dominate* 支配;统治;管辖draft* 草稿(案)//起草dramatic* 引人注目的,给人深刻印象的;戏剧性的//表演drift (使)漂流//漂流duplicate* 完全相同的;副本的//加-倍,复制//副本;相同的东西durable* 持久的,耐用的duration* 持续;持久dynamic(al)* 动力的;力学的;充满活力的earnest* 认真的;诚恳的ease 容易;安逸,舒适//缓和;减轻echo* 回声//共鸣economic 经济(学)的economical 节约的effective 有效的efficient 效率高的;有能力的elaborate* 复杂的;精心制作的//详尽阐述,发挥;变得复杂elderly 年长的election* 选举electric 电(动)的electricity 电electronic* 电子的element 基本组成部分;要素;元素elementary* 基本的;初级的elevator* 电梯eliminate* 消除;淘汰embarrass* 使窘迫(为难)embassy* 大使馆emerge* 出现;显露;被知道emergency*紧急情况;不测事件emotion 情感(绪)emperor* 皇帝emphasis* 强调;重点emphasize(-se) 强调;着重empire* 帝国enclose 围住;封入;附上endure* 忍受;持久engage* (使)从事与/忙于;吸引;占用;雇用;使订婚engineering 工程(学) enhance* 增加;提高enormous* 巨大的ensure 保证,担保enterprise 企业entertain 使欢乐;招待;考虑enthusiasm* 热情entry 进入;入口;人(物),条目envelope 信封equivalent* 相等的;等值的//相等物era* 时代error 误差essential 必不可少的;本质的//本质,要点estate* 财产;地产estimate v/n估计;评价evaluate* 估量;评价;鉴定eventually 终于,最后evidence 根据,证据evident* 明显的,明白的evil* 邪恶;祸害//邪恶的,坏的evolution* 演变,进化;进展,发展exact 确切的,精确的examine 检查,调查;考察exceed* 超过exception* 例外excess* 超越;过量//过量的excessive* 过量的,过度的exchange v/n交换,调度;交谈exclude* 把…排除在外,排斥execute* 处死;实施executive* 执行官,行政官//执行的exert* 运用,行使;用,尽exhaust* 使精疲力竭;耗尽//排气装置;废气exhibit 展出//展品existence 存在;生存expectation* 期待;预料expenditure* 消费;费用expert 专家//内行的export 出口,输出//出口(物) explanation 解释,说明explode (使)爆炸(发)exploit* 剥削;利用;开发(采)explore* 探险;探索expose (使)暴露于exposure* 暴露,曝光express 陈述;体现//快车extend 延长;扩大;给予extensive* 广阔的extent 程度;范围external 外部的extra额外的事物;另外的收费//额外的;特别的extraordinary* 非常的,非凡的,奇异的extreme 极度的;尽头的//极端facility 设备;便利,容易factor 因素faculty* 才能;(大学)系,院;全体人员fade* (使)褪色;衰退;变微弱failure 失败(的人或事);没做到,不履行;失灵,故障faint 微弱的,微小的//晕倒,昏阙fairly 相当;公正地faithfully 忠诚地;如实地familiar 熟悉的;常见的,日常用的fancy 想象;猜想;喜爱//空想出来的;花俏的;奇特的//想象力,;幻想;爱好,迷恋fare (车船)费fatal* 命运的的,命中注定的,致命的fatigue* 疲劳favor 好感;恩惠,善事//赞同;偏袒favorable 有利的;顺利的;称赞的fax / facsimile 传真feasible* 可行的,可用的feature 特征;相貌feedback* 反馈fence* 栅栏,篱笆festive* 节日的,欢乐的fiber / fibre* 纤维fierce 凶猛的;狂热的;猛烈的figure 数字;轮廓;人物;体型,风姿;插图filter* 过滤//过滤器finance* 财政,金融financial* 财政的,金融的fine 罚金//处…以罚金//美好的,优秀的;纤细的;精制的;晴朗的fit (使)适合;(使)配合;安装//适合的;强健的fix 固定;安装;决定;确定;修理;安排flavour* 风味flexible 易弯曲的;柔韧的;灵活的forbid* 禁止format* 板式//格式化formula* 公式forth 向前;往外fortnight* 两星期fortunate* 幸运的;侥幸的fortune 运气;财产foundation* 基础;地基;建立;基金会;根据fountain* 喷泉framework* 框架;体系frequency 频率；频繁frustrate*使受挫；破坏；使挫败fuel* 燃料//加燃料fulfil(l) 满足；实现function 起作用；行使职责//功能；职责fund 资金；基金；储备fundamental* 基本的//基本原则furthermore 而且gain V(钟表)走快；获得；V/N增加；得益gap 缺口；间隙；差距garage 车库；加油站gay 快乐的；色彩鲜艳的gene* 遗传基因generate* 使产生；引起generation 一代；产生generous* 慷慨的；宽厚的genius* 天才；天才人物gentle 和蔼的；轻柔的；不陡的genuine 真心的；坦诚的geometry* 几何（学）gesture 姿势；姿态；表示gift 天赋；礼物glorious* 壮丽的；光荣的glory 光荣；荣誉glow 广亮//发光govern 统治；支配graceful 优雅的；得体的gradual* 逐渐的grand*宏伟的；重大的；豪华的grant 拨款//授予，准予graph* 图表graphic* 图的；生动的grateful 感激的gratitude* 感激grave 坟墓//庄重的；严重的greet 问候；接受；呈现在…前grocer* 食品杂货商gross* 总的；严重的guidance 指导，领导guide 导游；指南//指导；给…导游gym(-nasium)* 体育馆；健身房hardware 五金；硬件hardship 艰难heading* 标题headline 大字标题；新闻提要headquarters* 总部；指挥部hence* 因此；今后heroic* 英雄的；英勇的highlight* 以强光照射；强调//最明亮的部分；最重要部分hit 成功而风行一时的事物hi-tech* 高新技术honorable* 诚实的；尊敬的horizon 地平线；眼界，见识horsepower* 马力hospitable* 好客的host 东道主;目主持人；一大群hostile* 敌对的；不友善的house 给..房子住//商号however 不管怎样//然而humble* 谦逊的；低下的；恭顺的identical* 相同的；相等的identification* 识别；身份identify 认出；认为…等同于idle* 虚度//空闲的；懒散的illustrate*阐明；给…作插图说明illustration* 说明；插图image 像；映像imitation* 模仿immediate 立即的；直接的；最接近的immigrant* 移民；侨民immigrate* （从国外）移来的implication* 含义；暗示imply 暗示；意味着import 进口商品//进口；输入impose 把…强加于；征税impress 使铭记；压印improvement 改进；改进之处incident* 发生的事；事件incline* （使）倾斜（倾向于）//斜坡，斜面inclusive* 包括（一切）的index* 索引；指标//为…编索引indicate* 指示；表明individual*个别的;特的//个人induce* 说服；劝诱industrial 工业的industry 勤奋；工业inevitable* 不可避免的infect* 传染；感染infectious* 感染的infer* 推论inference* 推论inferior* 低下的；下级的infinite* 无限的inform 告发；通知initial* 开始的//首字母initiative* 主动性；首创精神injection* 注射injury 伤害；受伤处inner* 内心的；内部的innocent* 无罪的；幼稚的；无害的input 输入；投入的资金inquiry/enquiry 打听；调查insect* （昆）虫insert* 插入；刊登//嵌入物insight* 洞察力，观点inspection* 检查inspire* 鼓舞；激起；给灵感install* 安装installment* 一期付款instance* 例子instant 即刻，瞬间//立即的；紧急的；速溶的instinct* 本能；直觉institute 学会；研究所；学院institution*设立;公共机构；学会instruct 教；命令；通知instruction 教学;指示；用法说明instrument 仪器；工具；乐器insult* v/n 侮辱insurance* 保险（金，费）insure 给保险；保证integrate*使一体化；（使）综合intellectual* 知识分子//智力的intelligence* 智力；情报intelligent* 明智的intense 强烈的；热情的interaction* 相互作用interest 利害关系；利率//引起兴趣interference* 干涉；妨碍interior* 内部的；内地的//内部（地）intermediate* 中间的interpretation* 解释；口译interrupt 打断；中止interval* 间隔；工间休息investigate* 调查investigation*调查研究investment*投资（额）invisible*无形的invoice*发票；发货单involve牵涉；使卷入；包含irrevocable*无法挽回的；不可撤销的isolate使隔离issue颁布，出版，发布／／问题；发行，期号item条，项目；一则itinerary*旅行指南jam v/n拥挤；堵塞；卡住jeans牛仔裤joint 结合处；关节//合资（联合）的journal 杂志；期刊；日志journalist 新闻记者justice 正义；司法justify 证明…正当（有理，正确）；为…辩护karaoke* 卡拉OKlabel*标签//贴标签于，把…称为labor 劳工；劳动laboratory/lab 实验室lag* V/N 落后lane* 胡同；车道launch* 发射；使（船）下水；发动，发起laundry洗衣房;待(已)洗的衣物layout* N安排；布局；陈设lead 铅leaf 薄金属片leak* 渗漏;泄露//漏洞；露出量lean* 倾斜；靠；依靠leap* V/N跳；飞跃learning 学问；学习leisure 闲暇；安逸length 长（度）；一段level 水平面;等级//(水)平的liable* 易于；可能的liberation* 解放liberty* 自由；许可；冒昧licens(c)e* 许可；执照//批准；发许可证light 照亮//轻快的；愉快的litre/liter* 升load* 装(载,货)//负荷;装载量loan* 贷款；暂借//借出local 地方的;当地的；局部的locate 找出;查明;把…设置在log* 原木；木料logic* 逻辑（学，性）logical* （符合）逻辑的loose 松的lorry* 卡车lower 降下；减弱//下游的magic* 魔术（法）；有魔力的magnificent* 壮丽（宏伟）的maintain* 维持；保养；主张maintenance* 维持；保养；主张majority 大多数mall 购物中心management* 管理manual* 手工的；体力的//手册manufacture 制造//制造业；产品margin* 页边空白；边缘//余地marvelous* 奇迹般的；惊人的mask* 面具；口罩；伪装//戴面具；掩饰；伪装mass 众多；团；群众；质量mature* 成熟（成年人）的//（使）成熟maximize* 使最大化；充分重视maximum* 最大限度；顶点//最高（大）的mean 自私的；卑鄙的means 方法mechanical 机械的；力学的；呆板的；手工的mechanism* 机械装置；机制medium* 中等的；适中的//媒介；中间；适中memo(-randum)* 备忘录memorial* 纪念的//纪念堂（碑，仪式）mental 精神的；智力的merchant* 商人；零售商mercy* 慈悲；宽容mere 纯粹的merely* 仅仅merit* 优点microscope* 显微镜military 军事（用）的minimum* 最低的//最低限度；最少量minister* 部长；大臣minor* 较小的；较次要的minority* 少数（派，民族）minus* 减（去）//负的；减去的miracle 奇迹；令人惊奇的人miserable* 痛苦/悲惨/可怜的mission* 使命；任务；代表团mixture 混合（物）mode* 方式；样式moderate* 温和/稳健/有节制/适度的modest 适中/不过分的modification*修改；修饰；减少modify* 缓和；修改；修饰moisture* 潮湿；湿气monitor 监听（检测）器//监听；监测monument* 纪念碑mood* 心情；语气moral* 道德（上）的；有道德的//寓意mortgage* 抵押贷款motion* 运动;手势;提议//打手势;示意motivate* 激起;激发积极性motive* 动机;目的mount 登上;安放//峰multiple* 复合的;多重的//倍数multiply*增加;繁殖;乘;使相乘municipal* 都市/市政的mutual 互相的;共同的mysterious 神秘的;难理解的mystery 神秘;神秘事物nail* 钉子//钉(牢)nationality 民族;国籍navigation* 航海/空(术);领航navy* 海军necessity* 必要(性);必需品negative 底片;负数//否定(反面,消极,负,阴性)的neglect 忽视(略);疏(玩)忽negotiate* 商定;谈判neighborhood 地段(区);四邻;附近;邻近地区nervous 神经紧张的；神经系统的，神经性的neutral* 中立(性)的nevertheless 仍然；不过newsletter 通讯nonsense* 胡说；废话normally 通常；正常地note 注意；记录//笔记；注解；票据；钞票novel 新颖的nuclear* 核能的；核心的numerous* 众多的nursery 托儿所；苗圃objection* 反对objective 目标//客观的obligation* 义务；职责oblige* 迫使；施恩惠于；帮…的忙；使感激observe 注意到;观察;评论;遵守;奉行occasional* 偶尔的occupation 工作;职业;占领occupy 占(用,领);使忙碌(从事)occur 被想起;出现;发生odd 古怪/临时/不成对/奇数/挂零的offence* N 冒犯;得罪;违反offend v 冒犯；使厌恶omit 省略；遗漏operator 操作员；话务员opponent* 敌手；对手opposite 在对面//对面的；对立的//对立面（物）optimal* 最佳的；最理想的oral* 口头的；口的orient* 东方//定方位//东方的；珍贵的orientation* 东方；方位original* 起初的；独创的outcome 结果outlet* 出路；电源插座outline 外形；轮廓；大纲；概要//描…的外形；概述outlook * 观点;见解;展望;前景output 产量；输出（功率）outstanding 突出的；杰出的overload* 使超载；//超载overlook* 俯瞰；看漏；宽容ownership* 所有（权，制）pamphlet* 小册子panel* 专门小组；面，板；控制仪，仪表盘parallel* 可相比拟的事物；相似处；平行线；平行面parameter* 参数parcel* 包裹parliament* 议会；国会participant* 参加（考）者participate 参与partly 在一定程度上；不完全地；部分地passage 通道；经过；消逝passion* 激情；酷暑passive 消极的；被动的passport 护照paste* 浆糊//粘贴Patternｎ．型、模式、样式、图案、花样Pauseｖ／ｎ.暂停、中止Peculiarａ奇怪的、古怪的特殊的、独特的Perceiveｖ察觉、感知认识到、意识到、理解Perfectａ完美的，完满的,完全的十足的ｖ使完美，改善Performanceｎ演出，表演履行，执行，表现permanent*ａ永久（性）的，固定的permissible*ａ可允许的，可原谅的permission*ｎ允许，许可persist*ｖ坚持不懈，执意持续，存留Personalａ个人的，私人的，亲自的Personnelｎ人员，员工Petrolｎ汽油phase*ｎ阶段，时期，面，方面，phenomenonｎ现象，迹象philosopherｎ哲学家philosophy*ｎ哲学，主旨physicalａ身体的，物理的，物质的，有形的，自然的pioneer* ｎ先驱者，开拓者platform*ｎ台平台，讲台，站台plentiful*ａ丰富的，多的plot*ｎ计划，密谋，情节ｖ绘制，标绘，计划Plusａ加号的，正的prep加，加上poll*ｎ投票，计数，民意测验Poolｎ水池，联营，合资经营ｖ联营Popｎ流行音乐，ｖ突然出现，发生porcelain*ｎ瓷器portable*ａ便于携带的，轻便的，手提式的portionｎ位置，职位，职务，姿态，见解，立场*poseｎ姿势ｖ摆姿势*positiveａ确实的，确信的，明确的，肯定的，断然的，正极的possessｖ占有，拥有possibilityｖ可能性postage*ｎ邮资poster*ｎ海报，标语postponeｖ推迟，延期potential*ａ潜在的，可能的ｎ潜力，潜能pourｖ倒，倾泻，流出povertyｎ贫穷，贫困powerｎ权力，政权，力量，能力，功率，动力，乘方，电力practical 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n评语，议论，意见，v谈论，评论，注意到，察觉remarkableａ异常的，非凡的显著的，值得注意的，remedy*v纠正，补救，治疗ｎ补救方法，治疗措施，药品remote*a遥远的,偏僻的,疏远的represent*ｖ描述，表示，代表，代理，象征，体现representative*ｎ代表,代理人ａ典型的，有代表性的reputation*ｎ.名气，名声，名望resemble* v像，类似reserve*ｖ保留，储备，预定，预约reset*ｖ重放，重调residence*ｎ住宅，住处resident* ｎ居民，定居者ａ居住的Resistｖ抵抗，反抗，抵制resolution*ｎ决心，决定，坚定，刚毅，解决resort*ｎ胜地respective*ａ各自的，各个的respectively* ad个别的,.各自的respondｖ回答，答复，反应，响应（to）responseｎ回答,答复,响应，反应responsibilityｎ责任(心),职责，responsibleａ需负责任的，有责任感，责任重大的，restrain*ｖ抑制,遏制,阻止,控制restrictｖ限制，约束resumeｖ重新开始，恢复ｎ简历retain*ｖ保持，保留retreatｖ撤退，退却reveal*ｖ展现，显示，揭示，揭露，泄露，透露reverse*ｖ颠倒，倒转ｎ相反，反转，背后ａ相反的，倒转的revise*ｖ修订,订正,校正,复习revolutionary ｎ革命者a革命的，大变革的rewardｎ报酬，奖赏，赏金ｖ报答，酬劳，奖赏ridiculousａ可笑的，荒谬的rival*ｎ竞争对手，敌手ａ竞争的ｖ与……竞争roast*ｖ烤，炙，烘roughａ粗糙的，粗略的，大致的，粗暴的，粗野的route*ｎ路，路线routine* ａ例行的,日常的,常规的n惯例，例行公事royal*ａ王室的，皇家的sakeｎ目的，缘故，理由salutation*ｎ称呼语satisfactoryａ令人满意的savingｎ节省，节约，存款，储蓄金scaleｎ刻度，标度，天平，磅秤，比例，规模范围scanｖ细看，审视，扫描，浏览scarce*ａ缺乏的，不足的，稀少的，罕见的scarcely*ad几乎不，简直没有，勉强scare*ｎ惊恐，恐慌ｖ惊吓，受惊，使恐惧scatter*ｖ散开，驱散，撒播sceneｎ景色，景象，背景，布景，舞台，场面，一场戏scenery*ｎ风景，景色，舞台布景scenic*a景色好的scheduleｎ时间表，日程安排表ｖ安排，安定scheme*ｎ计划，方案，阴谋系统，组合，配合scholarship*ｎ奖学金，学问学识screw*ｎ螺旋，螺丝钉ｖ拧紧，拧seal*ｎ封印，图章ｖ密封Secondaryａ次要的，从属的，辅助的，中级的Section *ｎ章节，部分，部门，截面，剖面secure*ａ安全的，牢固的，可靠的v使安全，保卫security*ｎ安全selection*ｎ选择，挑选，选集，精品选selective*ａ选择的，有选择能力semester*ｎ学期seminar*ｎ学术讨论会senate*ｎ参议院，上院seniorａ较年长的，年高的，地位较高的，高年级的，资格较老的sensible*ａ明智的，合情合理的sensitiveａ敏感的，神经过敏的，灵敏的sequence*ｎ连续，接连，一连串，次序，顺序settleｖ安放，安顿，定居，解决，调停，料理，安排settlement*ｎ解决，协议,定居地severe*ａ严厉的，严格的，严峻的，艰难的shallow*ｎ阴影,影子，暗处，荫shareholder*ｎ股东shelter*ｎ掩蔽处，躲避处，掩蔽，保护ｖ躲避，掩蔽，庇护Shiftｖ改变，替换，移动，转移，ｎ转变，替换，轮班Shortly ad立刻，不久，简短地，简慢地sightseeing*ｎ观光，游览significance*ｎ意思，含义，重要性，significantａ相当数量的，不可忽略的，重要的意义重大的，意味深长的simultaneous*ａ同时的singleａ单独的，单人的，单一，单个的，未婚的，独身的singular*ａ单数的，非凡的，突出的，独一的，唯一的siteｎ场所，定点sketch*ｎ素描，速写，略图，草图，概述，纲要ｖ素描，速写，画草图slice*ｎ薄片，切片，部分ｖ把……切成片slide*ｖ使滑动，使滑行ｎ滑道，幻灯片，滑动slope*ｎ斜坡，斜面，倾斜，斜度ｖ使倾斜smartａ漂亮的，时髦的，聪明的，精明的smuggle*ｖ走私snack*ｎ小吃，快餐soleａ单独的，唯一的，仅有的solutionｎ解答，解决，溶解，溶液somewhat ad稍微，有点sophisticated*ａ老于世故的，老练，精密的，尖端的souvenir*ｎ纪念品span*ｎ一段时间，跨距，跨度specialist*ｎ专家specialize/se*ｖ专营,专攻，专门从事，专门化specificａ明确的，具体的，特定的，特有的specification*ｎ详细说明，规格，规范specimen*ｎ样品，样本spectator*ｎ观众sphere*ｎ球体，范围，领域spill*ｖ使溢出，使洒落splendid*ａ灿烂的，壮丽的，辉煌的，极好的split*ｖ切开，劈开，撕裂，分裂，分开spoilｖ损坏,破坏,溺爱，宠爱sponsor*ｖ主办,发起,倡议,赞助ｎ主办者，发起者staff*ｎ全体职员，全体人员，ｖ为……配备人员stain*ｎ污点，污迹ｖ污染，给……着色starve*ｖ使挨饿，使饿死statistics*ｎ统计学，统计数字statue*ｎ雕塑，塑像status*ｎ地位，身份steady*ａ稳的，稳定的，不变的，坚定的，镇定的ｖ使稳定，使固定steep*ａ陡峭的，陡直的stereo*ｎ立体声stereotype*ｎ陈规，陈见stiff*ａ硬的，僵直的，拘谨的，生硬的stimulate*ｖ刺激，激励stipulate*ｖ规定stirｖ搅拌,搅动,微动,移动,激励,打动,惊动,搅乱,引动,煽动stockｎ备料，库存，现货，股票，公债ｖ储备，储存strategy*ｎ战略,策略strengthenｎ力量，实力stressｎ压力，紧张，着重，强调，重音ｖ强调，着重stretch*ｖ拉伸，伸张ｎ伸张，扩展Strictａ精确的，严谨的Strikeｎ罢工ｖ打，击，撞，罢工，给……以印象，使受吸引，敲响，报点，使认为stroke*ｎ击，敲，响，一举，一着，成功的努力，笔划，一笔，中风，突然发作structureｖ建筑，建造ｎ结构，构造，建筑物studioｎ工作室，画室，演播室，电影摄影室stuff* ｎ原料，材料，东西，物品ｖ把…塞满，把…塞进subjectｎ主题，题目，学科，科目，主语ａ易遭…的，受…支配的（to）ｖ使遭受，使服从(to) submit*ｖ使服从，使屈服，提交，呈交submission* ｎ服从，提交substance*ｎ物质，材料实质，本质，旨要substituteｎ代用品，替补ｖ代替，接待Suburbｎ市郊，郊区Subwayｎ地铁，地道Sufficientａ足够的，充分的Suitableａ合适的，适宜的summarize /se ｖ概括，作总结summaryｎ概要，摘要superficial*ａ肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的，外表的superior*ａ上级的，有优越感的较好的，优良的，较多的，较大的，较高的，ｎ上级，长官supplement*ｖ补充，增补ｎ增补物，补充物，增刊，副刊Supposeｖ料想，猜想，假定，认为surgery*ｎ外科surroundingsｎ周围的事物，环境survey v/n俯瞰，眺望，测量，策勘，全面审视，调查suspect*ｖ怀疑，疑有ｎ嫌疑犯，可疑分子suspicion*ｎ怀疑，略有所知suspicious*ａ怀疑的swallowｖ吞，咽ｎ燕子swing*ｖ摇摆，摇荡，挥动，转身，转向ｎ秋千，摇摆，摆动switch*ｎ开关，电闸，转变，转换ｖ转变，转换Symbolｎ象征，标志，符号Sympathyｎ同情，同情心symphony*ｎ交响乐symptom*ｎ症状synthetic*ａ合成的，人造的，综合性的systematic*ａ系统的tablet*ｎ药片tackle* ｎ用具ｖ解决，处理Tagｎ标签，标牌Tankｎ箱，罐，槽，坦克tax*ｎ税款，负担ｖ对…征税Tearｎ眼泪ｖ撕碎Techniqueｎ技术，技能，技巧，手艺Technologyｎ技术，工艺teller*ｎ出纳员temporaryａ暂时的，临时的，一时的tempt*ｖ吸引，引诱，诱惑，引起…的兴趣tender* a温柔的，嫩的，平和的，脆弱的，敏感的tenseａ拉紧的，紧张的ｎ动词的时态terminal*ｎ终点站，末端，终端ａ末端的，终点的，极限的territory*ｎ领土，版图，领域，范围thermometerｎ温度计，体温表thoroughａ彻底的，完全的thoughtful*ａ沉思的，思考的，体贴的，关心的threat*ｎ威胁，恐吓，凶兆，征兆threaten*ｖ威胁，恐吓，是…的征兆，预示危险快要来临tip*ｎ末端，尖端，小费ｖ给小费，轻触，轻碰tissue*ｎ组织，薄纱，薄纸，薄的织物tolerateｖ容忍，忍受，容许，宽恕tone*ｎ腔调，语气，音调，声调，气氛，色调touchｖ触摸，碰到，触动，感动，涉及，论及ｎ接触，碰到，少许，一点tough*ａ强壮的，坚强的，坚韧牢固，困难的，艰苦的tour n/v旅行，旅游，观光trace*ｎ足迹，形迹ｖ追踪，探索track*ｎ跑道，小路，轨道，足迹，踪迹ｖ跟踪，追踪Trademarkｎ商标transaction*ｎ交易transfer v/n迁移，转移，转让，过户，调动，转职transform*ｖ使变形，使转变，改造，改善，改革transit*ｎ通行，运输transparent*ａ透明的，显然的，明显的transportｖ运输，运送ｎ运输工具，运输treaty*ｎ条约，协定tremendous*ａ巨大的，极大的，非常的。

大学英语课程教学指南参考词汇表2020版University English Course Teaching Guide Reference Vocabulary List 2020 EditionIntroduction:The University English Course Teaching Guide Reference Vocabulary List aims to provide educators with a comprehensive list of words that are essential for students studying English at the university level. This list has been compiled based on the latest research in English language teaching and learning, as well as input from experienced English teachers.The vocabulary list is broken down into different categories, including common nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. This organization will help students to easily navigate through the list and learn new words more effectively.The 2020 edition of the Vocabulary List has been updated to include words and phrases that are commonly used in academic settings and daily conversations. This will enable students to better understand and express themselves in English, both in the classroom and beyond.Benefits of using the Vocabulary List:- Enhances students’ vocabulary skills: The Vocabulary List includes a wide range of words that cover various topics and situations, helping students to expand their vocabulary and improve their language proficiency.- Supports academic success: By mastering the words in the list, students will be better equipped to understand and engage with academic materials, write essays, and participate in discussions.- Improves communication skills: Knowing a rich and diverse vocabulary will enable students to communicate more effectively and express their ideas and opinions clearly and accurately.- Fosters language development: Regular use of the Vocabulary List will help students to internalize new words and grammar structures, leading to improved language fluency and confidence.How to use the Vocabulary List:Educators can incorporate the Vocabulary List into their lesson plans by introducing a set of new words each week and providing opportunities for students to practice using them in context. This can be done through vocabulary quizzes, group discussions, and writing assignments.Students are encouraged to make flashcards, create vocabulary journals, and engage in daily language practice to reinforce their understanding and retention of the words in the list. Additionally, they can use online resources and language learning tools to further enhance their vocabulary skills.Conclusion:The University English Course Teaching Guide Reference Vocabulary List 2020 Edition is a valuable resource for educators and students alike. By utilizing this comprehensive list of words, learners can enhance their language skills, broaden their knowledge, and achieve success in their academic and professional endeavors. Let’s embrace the power of words and strive for excellence in English language learning!。

大学英语课程教学要求（试行）参考词汇表（1-4级）by 阿毛大学英语课程教学要求（试行）参考词汇表（1-4级）（4607个）Aa art. 一(个);每一(个)abandon vt. 丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n. 能力;能耐,本领able a. 有能力的;出色的abnormal a. 不正常的;变态的aboard ad. 在船(车)上;上船about prep. 关于;在…周围above prep.在…上面;高于abroad ad. (在)国外;到处absence n. 缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a. 不在场的;缺乏的absolute a. 绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad. 完全地;绝对地absorb vt. 吸收;使专心abstract a. 抽象的n.摘要abundant a. 丰富的;大量的abuse vt. 滥用;虐待n. 滥用academic a. 学院的;学术的academy n. 私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt. (使)加快;促进acceleration n. 加速;加速度accent n. 口音,腔调;重音accept vt .vi. 接受;同意acceptable a. 可接受的,合意的acceptance n. 接受,验收;承认access n. 接近;通道,入口accessory n. 同谋,从犯;附件accident n. 意外的;事故accidental a. 偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt. 容纳;供应,供给accommodation n. 招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt. 达到(目的);完成accord vt. 使一致;给予accordance n. 一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad. 因此,所以;照着account n. 记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt. 积累vi. 堆积accuracy n. 准确(性);准确度accurate a. 准确的,正确无误的accuse vt. 指责;归咎于accustom vt. 使习惯accustomed a. 惯常的;习惯的ache vi. 痛;想念n. 疼痛achieve vt. 完成,实现;达到achievement n. 完成;成就,成绩acid n. 酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n. 认识;了解;熟人acquire vt. 取得;获得;学到acre n. 英亩(=6.07亩)across prep. 横过;在…对面act vi. 行动;见效n. 行为action n. 行动;作用;功能active a. 活跃的;积极的activity n. 活动;活力;行动actor n. 男演员;演剧的人actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的;现行的actually ad. 实际上;竟然acute a. 尖的,锐的;敏锐的ad n. 广告adapt vt. 使适应;改编add vt. 添加,附加,掺加addition n. 加,加法;附加物additional a. 附加的,追加的address n. 地址;演说;谈吐adequate a. 足够的;可以胜任的adjective n. 形容词 a. 形容词的adjust vt. 调整,调节;校正administration n. 管理;管理部门admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n. 允许进入;承认admit vt. 承认;准许…进入adopt vt. 收养;采用;采取adult n. 成年人 a. 成年的advance vi. 前进;提高n. 进展advanced a. 先进的;高级的advantage n. 优点,优势;好处adventure n. 冒险;惊险活动adverb n. 副词advertisement n. 广告;公告;登广告advice n. 劝告;忠告;意见advisable n. 明智的;可取的advise vt. 劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n. 飞机affair n. 事情,事件;事务affect vt. 影响;感动affection n. 慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt. 担负得起…;提供afraid a. 害怕的;担心的Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的n . 非洲人after prep. 在…以后;次于afternoon n. 下午,午后afterward ad. 后来,以后again ad. 又一次;而且against prep. 倚在;逆,对着age n. 年龄;时代vt. 变老agency n. 经办;代理;代理处agent n. 代理人,代理商aggressive a. 侵略的;好斗的ago ad. 以前agony n. 极度痛苦agree vi. 同意;持相同意见agreement n. 协定,协议;同意agriculture n. 农业,农艺;农学ahead ad. 在前;向前;提前aid n. 帮助,救护;助手aim vi. 瞄准,针对;致力air n. 空气;空中;外观aircraft n. 飞机,飞行器airline n. 航空公司;航线airplane n. 飞机airport n. 机场,航空站alarm n. 惊恐,忧虑;警报alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇alike a. 同样的,相同的alive a. 活着的;活跃的all a. 全部的prep. 全部allow vt. 允许,准许;任alloy n. 合金;(金属的)成色almost ad. 几乎,差不多alone a. 单独的ad. 单独地along prep. 沿着ad. 向前aloud ad. 出声地,大声地alphabet n. 字母表,字母系统already ad. 早已,已经also ad. 亦,也;而且,还alter vt. 改变,变更;改做alternative n.替换物;取舍,抉择although conj. 尽管,虽然altitude n. 高,高度;高处altogether ad. 完全;总而言之aluminium n. 铝always ad. 总是,一直;永远a.m (缩) 上午,午前amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕ambition n. 雄心,抱负,野心ambulance n. 救护车;野战医院America n. 美洲;美国American a. 美洲的n. 美国人among prep. 在…之中amongst prep 在…之中(=among) amount n. 总数;数量;和ampere n. 安培amplify vt. 放大,增强;扩大amuse vt. 逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse vt. 分析,分解,解析analysis n. 分析,分解,解析ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先anchor n. 锚vi. 抛锚,停泊ancient a. 古代的,古老的and conj. 和,又,并,则angel n. 天使,神差,安琪儿anger n. 怒,愤怒vt. 使发怒angle n. 角,角度angry a. 愤怒的,生气的animal n. 动物,兽 a. 动物的ankle n. 踝,踝节部announce vt. 宣布,宣告,发表announcer n. 宣告者;播音员annoy vt. 使恼怒;打搅annual a. 每年的n. 年报another a. 再一个的;别的answer vt. 回答;响应;适应ant n. 蚂蚁anticipate vt. 预料,预期,期望anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious a. 忧虑的;渴望的any a. 什么,一些;任何的anybody prep. 任何人anyhow ad. 无论如何anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 任何事物;一切anyway ad. 无论如何anywhere ad. 在什么地方apart ad. 相隔;分开;除去apartment n. 一套公寓房间apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪,认错apology n. 道歉,认错,谢罪apparatus n. 器械,仪器;器官apparent a. 表面上的;明显的appeal vi.& n. 呼吁;申述appear vi. 出现;来到;似乎appearance n. 出现,来到;外观appetite n. 食欲,胃口;欲望apple n. 苹果,苹果树appliance n. 用具,器具,器械applicable a. 能应用的;适当的application n. 请求,申请;施用apply vt. 应用,实施,使用appoint vt. 任命,委任;约定appointment n. 任命;约定,约会appreciate vt. 欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt. 向…靠近n. 靠近appropriate a. 适当的,恰当的approval n. 赞成,同意;批准approve vt. 赞成,称许;批准approximate a. 近似的vt.近似approximately ad. 近似地,大约April n. 四月Arabian a. 阿拉伯的arbitrary a. 随心所欲的;专断的architecture n. 建筑学;建筑式样area n. 面积;地区;领域argue vi. 争论,争辩,辩论argument n. 争论,辩论;理由arise vi. 出现;由…引起arithmetic n. 算术,四则运算arm n. 臂;臂状物;武器army n. 军队;陆军around prep. 在…周围arouse vt. 引起,唤起;唤醒arrange vt. 筹备;整理;调解arrangement n. 整理,排列;安排arrest vt. 逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n. 到达;到来;到达者arrive vi. 到达;来临;达到arrow n. 箭;箭状物art n. 艺术,美术;技术article n. 文章;条款;物品artificial a. 人工的;娇揉造作的artist n. 艺术家,美术家artistic a. 艺术的;艺术家的as conj. 当…的时候ash n. 灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a. 惭愧(的);羞耻(的)Asia n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的n. 亚洲人aside ad. 在旁边,到旁边ask vt. 问;要求;邀请asleep a. 睡着的,睡熟的aspect n. 方面;样子,外表assemble vt. 集合,召集;装配assembly n. 集合;集会;装配assess vt. 对(财产等)估价assign vt. 指派;分配;指定assignment n. 任务,指定的作业assist vt. 援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n. 助手,助理;助教associate vi. 交往n. 伙伴,同事association n. 协会,团体;联合assume vt. 假定;承担;呈现assure vt. 使确信;向…保证astonish vt. 使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n. 宇宙航行员,宇航员at prep. 在…里;在…时athlete n. 运动员;田径运动员Atlantic a. 大西洋的n. 大西洋atmosphere n. 大气;空气;气氛atmospheric a. 大气的;大气层的atom n. 原子;微粒;微量atomic a. 原子的;原子能的attach vt. 缚,系,贴;附加attack vt. & vi. & n. 攻击,进攻attain vt. 达到,获得,完成attempt vt. 尝试,试图n. 企图attend vt. 出席;照顾,护理attention n. 注意,留心;注意力attentive a. 注意的;有礼貌的attitude n. 态度,看法;姿势attract vt. 吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n. 吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a. 有吸引力的attribute vt. 把…归因于n. 属性audience n. 听众,观众,读者August n. 八月aunt n. 伯母,婶母,姑母aural a. 耳的,听觉的Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian a. 澳大利亚的author n. 作者,作家authority n. 当局,官方;权力auto n. (口语)汽车automatic a. 自动的;机械的automation n. 自动,自动化automobile n. 汽车,机动车autumn n. 秋,秋季auxiliary a. 辅助的;附属的available a. 可利用的;通用的avenue n. 林荫道,道路;大街average n. 平均数 a. 平均的aviation n. 航空,航空学avoid vt. 避免,躲开;撤消await vt. 等候,期待awake a. 醒着的vt. 唤醒award n. 奖,奖品;判定aware a. 知道的,意识到的away ad. 离开,远离;…去awful a. 令人不愉快的awfully ad. 令人畏惧的;很awkward a. 笨拙的;尴尬的ax n. 斧子axis n. 轴,轴线;中心线Bbaby n. 婴儿;孩子气的人back ad. 在后;回原处;回background n. 背景,后景,经历backward a. 向后的;倒的ad. 倒bacteria n. 细菌bad a. 坏的,恶的;严重的badly ad. 坏,差;严重地badminton n. 羽毛球bag n. 袋,包,钱包,背包baggage n. 行李bake vt. 烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt. 使平衡;称n. 天平ball n. 球,球状物;舞会balloon n. 气球,玩具气球banana n. 香蕉;芭蕉属植物band n. 乐队;带;波段bang n. 巨响,枪声;猛击bank n. 银行;库;岩,堤banner n. 旗,旗帜,横幅bar n. 酒吧间;条,杆;栅barber n. 理发师bare a. 赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n. 交易vi. 议价;成交bark n. 吠叫声vi. 吠,叫barn n. 谷仓;牲口棚barrel n. 桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n. 栅栏,屏障;障碍base n. 基础,底层;基地basic a. 基本的,基础的basically ad. 基本上basin n. 盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis n. 基础,根据basket n. 篮,篓,筐basketball n. 篮球;篮球运动bat n. 球拍;短棍;蝙蝠bath n. 浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe vt. 给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom n. 浴室;盥洗室battery n. 电池;一套,一组battle n. 战役;斗争vi. 作战bay n. 湾;山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩) 公元前be aux. v. & vi. 是,在,做beach n. 海滩,湖滩,河滩beam n. 梁;横梁;束,柱bean n. 豆,蚕豆bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人bear vt. 容忍;负担;生育beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子beast n. 兽,野兽;牲畜beat vt. & vi. 打,敲;打败beautiful a. 美的,美丽的beauty n. 美,美丽;美人because conj. 由于,因为become vi. 变成;成为,变得bed n. 床,床位;圃;河床bee n. 蜂,密蜂;忙碌的人beef n. 牛肉;菜牛beer n. 啤酒before prep. 在…以前;向…beg vt. & vi. 乞求;请求beggar n. 乞丐,穷人begin vi. 开始vt. 开始beginner n. 初学者,生手beginning n. 开始,开端;起源behalf n. 利益,维护,支持behave vi. 表现,举止;运转behavior n. 行为,举止,态度behind prep. 在…后面being n. 存在;生物;生命belief n. 信任,相信;信念believe vt. 相信;认为bell n. 钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong vi. 属于,附属beloved a. 为…的爱的n. 爱人below prep. 在…下面(以下)belt n. 带,腰带;皮带;区bench n. 长凳,条凳;工作台bend vt. 使弯曲vi. 弯曲beneath prep. 在…下方beneficial a. 有利的,有益的benefit n. 利益;恩惠;津贴berry n. 浆果(如草莓等)beside prep. 在…旁边besides ad. 而且prep. 除…之外best a. 最好的;最大的bet vt. & vi.& n. 打赌betray vt. 背叛;辜负;泄漏better a. 较好的ad. 更好地between prep. 在…中间beyond prep. 在…的那边Bible n. 基督教《圣经》bicycle n. 自行车,脚踏车big a. 大的,巨大的bike n. 自行车vi. 骑自行车bill n. 账单;招贴;票据billion num. 万亿(英)bind vt. 捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n. 生物学;生态学bird n. 鸟,禽birth n. 分娩,出生;出身birthday n. 生日,诞生的日期biscuit n. (英)饼干;(美)软饼bit n. 一点,一些,小片bite vt. 咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a. 痛苦的;严寒的bitterly ad. 苦苦地;悲痛地black a. 黑色的;黑暗的blackboard n. 黑板blade n. 刀刃,刀片;叶片blame vt. 责备,把…归咎于blank a. 空白的n. 空白blanket n. 毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n. 爆炸,冲击波vt. 炸blaze n. 火;闪光vi. 燃烧bleed vi. 出血,流血;泌脂blend vt. & vi.& n. 混和bless vt. 为…祝福blind a. 瞎的;盲目的block n. 街区vt. 堵塞,拦阻blood n. 血,血液;血统bloom n. 花;开花,开花期blossom n. 花,开花vi. 开花blow vi. 吹,吹动;吹响blue a. 蓝色的n. 蓝色board n. 板vt. 上(船,车等) boast vi. 自夸vt. 吹嘘boat n. 小船,艇;渔船body n. 身体;主体;尸体boil vi. 沸腾;汽化vt. 煮沸bold a. 大胆的;冒失的bolt n. 螺栓;插销vt. 闩门bomb n. 炸弹vt. 轰炸bond n. 联结,联系;公债bone n. 骨,骨骼book n. 书,书籍vt. 预定boot n. 靴子,长统靴booth n. 货摊;公用电话亭border n. 边,边缘;边界bore vt. 使厌烦;钻,挖born a. 天生的;出生的borrow vt. 借,借用,借人bosom n. 胸,胸部;内心boss n. 老板,上司vt. 指挥both pron. 两者(都)bother vt. 烦扰,迷惑n. 麻烦bottle n. 瓶,酒瓶;一瓶bottom n. 底,底部,根基bough n. 树枝bounce vi. 反跳,弹起;跳起bound a. 一定的;有义务的boundary n. 分界线,办界bow n. 弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl n. 碗,钵;碗状物box n. 箱,盒;包箱box vi. 拳击,打拳boy n. 男孩,少年;家伙brain n. 脑,脑髓;脑力brake n. 闸,刹车vi. 制动branch n. 树枝;分部;分科brand n. 商品;烙印vt. 铭刻brandy n. 白兰地酒brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器brave a. 勇敢的,华丽的bread n. 面包;食物,粮食breadth n. 宽度,幅度;幅面break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏breakfast n. 早饭,早餐breast n. 乳房;胸脯,胸膛breath n. 气息,呼吸;气味breathe vi. 呼吸vt. 呼吸breed n. 品种vt. 使繁殖breeze n. 微风,和风brick n. 砖,砖块;砖状物bridge n. 桥,桥梁;桥牌brief a. 简短的;短暂的bright a. 明亮的;聪明的brighten vt. 使发光;使快活brilliant a. 光辉的;卓越的brim n. 边,边缘;帽沿bring vt. 带来;引出;促使brisk a. 活泼的;清新的bristle n. 短而硬的毛;鬃毛Britain n. 不列颠,英国British a. 不列颠的,英联邦的brittle a. 脆的;易损坏的broad a. 宽的,阔的;广泛的broadcast n. 广播,播音broken a. 被打碎的,骨折的bronze n. 青铜;青铜制品brood n. 同窝幼鸟vt. 孵(蛋) brook n. 小河,溪流broom n. 扫帚brother n. 兄弟;同事,同胞brow n. 额;眉,眉毛brown n. 褐色,棕色bruise n. 青肿,伤痕;擦伤brush n. 刷子,毛刷;画笔brute n. 禽兽,畜生bubble n. 泡vi. 冒泡,沸腾bucket n. 水桶;吊桶;铲斗bud n. 芽,萌芽;蓓蕾build vt. 建筑;建立;创立building n. 建筑物,大楼;建筑bulb n. 电灯泡;球状物bulk n. 物体,容积,大批bull n. 公牛;雄的象bullet n. 枪弹,子弹,弹丸bunch n. 束,球,串;一群bundle n. 捆,包,束;包袱burden n. 担子,重担;装载量bureau n. 局,司,处;社,所burn vi. 烧,燃烧n. 烧伤burst vt. 使爆裂vi.& n. 爆炸bury vt. 埋葬,葬;埋藏bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木,灌木丛,矮树business n. 商业,生意;事务busy a. 忙的,繁忙的but conj. 但是,可是butcher n. 屠夫;屠杀者butter n. 黄油;奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶button n. 扣子;按钮vt. 扣紧buy vt. 买,购买vi. 买by prep. 在…旁;被,由Ccabbage n. 洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n. 小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n. 橱,柜;内阁cable n. 缆,索;电缆;电报cafe n. 咖啡馆;小餐厅cafeteria n. 自助食堂cage n. 笼;鸟笼,囚笼cake n. 饼,糕,蛋糕calculate vt. 计算;估计;计划calculation n. 计算,计算结果calculator n. 计算器,计算者calendar n. 日历,历书;历法call vt. 把…叫做;叫,喊calm a. 静的,平静的camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机,摄影机camp n. 野营,营地,兵营campaign n. 战役;运动campus n. 校园,学校场地can aux. v. 能,会,可能can n. 罐头,听头;容器Canada n. 加拿大Canadian a. 加拿大的canal n. 运河;沟渠;管cancel vt. 取消,撤消;删去cancer n. 癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate n. 候选人;投考者candle n. 蜡烛;烛形物;烛光candy n. 糖果;砂糖结晶cannon n. 大炮,火炮;榴弹炮canoe n. 独木舟,皮艇,划子canteen n. 小卖部;临时餐室canvas n. 粗帆布;一块油画布cap n. 帽子,便帽;帽状物capable a. 有能力的,有才能的capacity n. 容量;能力;能量capital n. 资本,资金;首都captain n. 陆军上尉;队长captive n. 俘虏,被监禁的人capture vt. 捕获,俘获;夺得car n. 汽车,小汽车,轿车carbon n. 碳card n. 卡,卡片,名片care vi. 关心,介意n. 小心career n. 生涯,职业,经历careful a. 仔细的;细致的careless a. 粗心的,漫不经心的cargo n. 船货,货物carpenter n. 木工,木匠carpet n. 地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n. 客车厢;四轮马车carrier n. 运输工具;运载工具carrot n. 胡罗卜carry vt. 携带;运载;传送cart n. 二轮运货马车carve vt. 刻,雕刻;切开case n. 情况;事实;病例case n. 箱(子),盒(子),套cash n. 现金,现款cassette n. 盒式录音带;盒子cast vt. 投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n. 城堡;巨大建筑物casual a. 偶然的;随便的cat n. 猫,猫科,猫皮catalog n. 目录,目录册catch vt. 捉住;赶上;领会cathedral n. 总教堂;大教堂cattle n. 牛;牲口,家畜cause n. 原因,理由;事业cave n. 山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease vi. & vi.& n. 停止,停息ceiling n. 天花板,顶蓬celebrate vt. 庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n. 细胞;小房间cellar n. 地窑,地下室cement n. 水泥;胶泥vt. 粘结cent n. 分;分币;百centigrade a. 百分度的centimetre n. 公分,厘米central a. 中心的;主要的centre n. 中心;中枢vt. 集中century n. 世纪,百年ceremony n. 典礼,仪式;礼节certain a. 确实的;肯定的certainly ad. 一定,必定;当然certainty n. 必然;肯定certificate n. 证书,证件,执照chain n. 链,链条,项圈chair n. 椅子;主席chairman n. 主席;议长,会长chalk n. 白垩;粉笔challenge n. 挑战;要求,需要chamber n. 会议室;房间;腔champion n. 冠军,得胜者chance n. 机会,机遇;可能性change n. 改变,变化;零钱channel n. 海峡;渠道;频道chapter n. 章,回,篇character n. 性格;特性;角色characteristic a. 特有的n. 特性charge vt. 索价;控告n. 费用charity n. 施舍;慈善事业charming a. 迷人的,可爱的chart n. 图,图表;海图chase n. 追逐,追赶,追求cheap a. 廉价的;劣质的cheat vt. 骗取;哄vi. 行骗check vt. 检查;制止n. 检查cheek n. 面颊,脸蛋cheer vt. 使振作;欢呼cheerful a. 快乐的,愉快的cheese n. 乳酪,干酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学制品chemist n. 化学家;药剂师chemistry n. 化学cheque n. 支票cherry n. 樱桃;樱桃树chess n. 棋;国际象棋chest n. 胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew vt. 咀嚼,嚼碎chicken n. 小鸡,小鸟;鸡肉chief a. 主要的;首席的child n. 小孩,儿童;儿子childhood n. 童年,幼年;早期childish a. 孩子的;幼稚的chill vt. 使变冷n. 寒冷chimney n. 烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n. 颏,下巴China n. 中国china n. 瓷器,瓷料Chinese a. 中国的n.中国人chocolate n. 巧克力;巧克力糖choice n. 选择,抉择choke vt. 使窒息;塞满choose vt. 选择,挑选;情愿chop vt. 砍,劈;切细vi. 砍Christian n. 基督教徒;信徒Christmas n. 圣诞节church n. 教堂,礼拜堂;教会cigarette n. 香烟,纸烟,卷烟cinema n. 电影院;电影,影片circle n. 圆,圆周;圈子circuit n. 电路;环行;巡行circular a. 圆的;循环的circulate vt. 使循环vi. 循环circumference n. 圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n. 情况,条件;境遇citizen n. 公民;市民,居民city n. 城市,都市civil a. 公民的;文职的civilization n. 文明,文化;开化civilize vt. 使文明;教育claim vt. 声称,主张;索取clap vi. 拍手vt. 拍,轻拍clarify vt. 澄清,阐明clasp n. 扣子,钩子;别针class n. 班,班级;阶级classical a. 古典的;经典的classification n. 分类;分级;分类法classify vt. 把…分类classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室,课堂claw n. 爪,脚爪,螯clay n. 粘土,泥土;肉体clean a. 清洁的;纯洁的clear a. 清晰的vt. 清除clearly ad. 明白地,清晰地clerk n. 店员;办事员,职员clever a. 聪明的;机敏的cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁climate n. 气候;风土,地带climb vi. 攀登,爬vt. 爬cloak n. 斗篷;覆盖(物)clock n. 钟,仪表close vt. 关,闭;结束closely ad. 紧密地,接近地cloth n. 布;衣料;桌布clothe vt. 给…穿衣服clothes n. 衣服,服装;被褥clothing n. 衣服,被褥cloud n. 云;云状物;阴影cloudy a. 多云的;云一般的club n. 俱乐部,夜总会clue n. 线索,暗示,提示clumsy a. 笨拙的;愚笨的coach n. 长途公共汽车coal n. 煤,煤块coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的coast n. 海岸,海滨(地区)coat n. 外套,上衣;表皮cock n. 公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n. 准则;法典;代码coffee n. 咖啡,咖啡茶coil n. (一)卷;线圈vt. 卷coin n. 硬币;铸造(硬币)cold a. 冷的;冷淡的n. 冷collapse vi. 倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n. 衣领,项圈colleague n. 同事,同僚collect vt. 收集vi. 收款collection n. 搜集,收集;收藏品collective a. 集体的;集合性的college n. 学院;大学collision n. 碰撞;冲突colonel n. 陆军上校;美空军上校colony n. 殖民地;侨居地color n. 颜色,彩色;颜料column n. 柱,支柱,圆柱comb n. 梳子vt. 梳理combination n. 结合,联合;化合combine vt. 使结合;兼有come vi. 来,来到;出现comfort n. 舒适;安慰vt. 安慰comfortable a. 舒适的,安慰的command vt. 命令,指挥;控制commander n. 司令官,指挥员comment n. 评论,意见;注释commerce n. 商业,贸易;社交commercial a. 商业的;商品化的commission n. 委任状;委员会commit vt. 犯(错误);干(坏事) committee n. 委员会;全体委员common a. 普通的;共同的commonly ad. 普通地,一般地communicate vi. 通讯;传达;传播communication n. 通讯;传达;交通communism n. 共产主义communist n. 共产党员community n. 社区;社会;公社companion n. 同伴;共事者;伴侣company n. 公司,商号;同伴comparative a. 比较的,相对的compare vt. 比较,对照;比作comparison n. 比较,对照;比似compass n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt. 强迫,迫使屈服compete vi. 比赛;竞争;对抗competent a. 有能力的;应该做的competition n. 竞争,比赛compile vt. 编辑,编制,搜集complain vi. 抱怨,拆苦;控告complaint n. 抱怨;怨言;控告complete a. 完整的;完成的completely ad. 十分,完全地complex a. 结合的;复杂的complicate vt. 使复杂;使陷入complicated a. 复杂的,难懂的component n. 组成部分;分;组件compose vt. 组成,构成;创作composition n. 构成;作品;写作compound n. 化合物;复合词comprehension n. 理解,理解力;领悟comprehensive a. 广泛的;理解的compress vt. 压紧,压缩comprise vt. 包含,包括;构成compromise n. 妥协,和解compute vt. 计算,估计,估算computer n. 计算机,电脑comrade n. 同志,亲密的同伴conceal vt. 把…隐藏起来concentrate vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n. 集中;专注;浓缩concept n. 概念,观念,设想concern n. 关心,挂念;关系concerning prep. 关于concert n. 音乐会,演奏会conclude vt. 推断出;结束conclusion n. 结论,推论;结尾concrete n. 混凝土;具体物condemn vt. 谴责,指责;判刑condense vt. 压缩,使缩短condition n. 状况,状态;环境conduct n. 举止,行为;指导conductor n. 售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n. 会议,讨论会confess vt. 供认,承认;坦白confidence n. 信任;信赖;信心confident n. 确信的,自信的confine vt. 限制;禁闭confirm vt. 证实,肯定;批准conflict n. 争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt. 使混乱,混淆confusion n. 混乱;骚乱;混淆congratulate vt. 祝贺,向…道喜congratulation n. 祝贺;祝贺词congress n. 大会;国会,议会conjunction n. 接合,连接;连接词connect vt. 连接,连结;联系connection n. 连接,联系;连贯性conquer vt. 征服,战胜;破除conquest n. 攻取,征服;克服conscience n. 良心,道德心conscious a. 意识到的;有意的consciousness n. 意识,觉悟;知觉consent n. 同意,赞成vi. 同意consequence n. 结果,后果consequently ad. 因此,因而,所以conservation n. 保存,保护;守恒conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人consider vt. 认为;考虑;关心considerable a. 相当大的;重要的considerate a. 考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n. 考虑,思考;体贴consist vi. 由…组成;在于consistent a. 坚持的,一贯的constant a. 经常的;永恒的constitution n. 章程;体质;构造construct vt. 建造;建设;构筑construction n. 建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt. 请教,查阅consume vt. 消耗,消费;消灭consumption n. 消耗量;消耗contact vt. 使接触;与…联系contain vt. 包含,容纳;等于container n. 容器;集装箱contemporary a. 当代的,同时代的contempt n. 轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n. 内容,目录;容量content a. 满意的,满足的contest vt. 争夺,争取;辩驳continent n. 大陆;陆地;洲continual a. 不断的;连续的continue vt. 继续,连续;延伸continuous a. 连续不断的,持续的contract n. 契约,合同;婚约contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a. 相反的n. 相反contrast n. 对比,对照,悬殊contribute vt. 捐献,捐助;投稿control vt. 控制,克制n. 控制convenience n. 便利,方便;厕所convenient a. 便利的;近便的convention n. 习俗,惯例;公约conventional a. 普通的;习惯的conversation n. 会话,非正式会谈conversely ad. 相反地conversion n. 转变,转化;改变convert vt. 使转变;使改变convey vt. 传送;运送;传播convince vt. 使确信,使信服cook vt. 烹调,煮vt. 烧菜cool a. 凉的,冷静的cooperate vi. 合作,协作;配合coordinate vt. 使协调,调节cope vi. 对付,应付copper n. 铜;铜币,铜制器copy n. 抄件vt. 抄写,复制cord n. 细绳,粗线,索cordial a. 真诚的,诚恳的core n. 果实的心,核心corn n. 谷物;(英)小麦corner n. 角;犄角;边远地区corporation n. 公司,企业;社团correct a. 正确的vt. 纠正correction n. 改正,纠正,修改correspond vi. 相符合;相当correspondent n. 通信者;通讯员corresponding a. 相应的;符合的corridor n. 走廊,回廊,通路cost n. 价格,代价;成本costly a. 昂贵的;价值高的cottage n. 村舍,小屋cotton n. 棉;棉线;棉布cough vi. 咳,咳嗽n. 咳嗽could aux.v. (can的过去式) council n. 理事会,委员会count vt. 计算vi. 数,计数counter n. 柜台;计数器country n. 国家,国土;农村countryside n. 乡下,农村county n. 英国的郡,美国的县couple n. 夫妇;(一)对;几个courage n. 勇气,胆量,胆识course n. 课程;过程;一道菜court n. 法院,法庭;庭院cousin n. 堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹) cover vt. 盖,包括n. 盖子cow n. 母牛,奶牛;母兽coward n. 懦夫;胆怯者crack n. 裂缝,裂纹vi. 爆裂craft n. 工艺;手艺,行业crane n. 起重机,摄影升降机crash vi. 碰撞,坠落n. 碰撞crawl vi. 爬,爬行crazy a. 疯狂的,荒唐的cream n. 奶油,乳脂;奶油色create vt. 创造;引起,产生creative a. 创造性的,创作的creature n. 生物,动物,家畜credit n. 信用贷款;信用creep vi. 爬行;缓慢地行进crew n. 全体船员cricket n. 板球;蟋蟀crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪criminal n. 犯人,罪犯,刑事犯cripple n. 跛子;残废的人crisis n. 危机;存亡之际critic n. 批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a. 决定性的;批评的criticism n. 批评;批判;评论criticize vt. 批评;评论;非难crop n. 农作物,庄稼;一熟cross vt. 穿过;使交叉crow n. 鸦,乌鸦vi. 啼crowd n. 群;大众;一伙人crown n. 王冠,冕;花冠crude a. 简陋的;天然的cruel a. 残忍的,残酷的crush vt. 压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n. 面包皮;硬外皮cry vi. 哭,哭泣;叫喊crystal n. 水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n. 立方形;立方cubic a. 立方形的;立方的cucumber n. 黄瓜cultivate vt. 耕;种植;培养culture n. 文化,文明;教养cunning a. 狡猾的,狡诈的cup n. 杯子;(一)杯;奖杯cupboard n. 碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt. 医治;消除n. 治愈curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a. 好奇的;稀奇古怪的curl n. 卷毛;螺旋vi. 卷曲current a. 当前的;通用的curse n. 诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n. 帘,窗帘;幕(布)curve n. 曲线;弯vt. 弄弯cushion n. 垫子,坐垫,靠垫custom n. 习惯,风俗;海关customer n. 顾客,主顾cut vt. 切,割,剪;减少cycle n 自行车,循环Ddaily a. 每日的n. 日报dairy n. 牛奶场;乳制品dam n. 水坝,水堤;障碍物damage vt. 损害,毁坏n. 损害damp a. 潮湿的,有湿气的dance vi. 跳舞;摇晃n. 舞danger n. 危险;危险事物dangerous a. 危险的,不安全的dare vt.& aux.v. 敢;竟敢daring a. 大胆的,勇敢的dark a. 暗的;黑色的darling n. 亲爱的人;宠儿dash vt. 使猛撞;溅n. 猛冲data n. 数据; 资料date n. 日期vt. 注…日期daughter n. 女儿dawn n. 黎明;开端vi. 破晓day n (一)天,白昼,白天daylight n. 白昼,日光;黎明dead a. 死的,无生命的deadly a. 致命的,死一般的deaf a. 聋的;不愿听的deal n. 买卖;待遇vt. 给予dear a. 亲爱的int. 啊death n. 死,死亡;灭亡debate n.& vi. 争论,辩论debt n. 债,债务,欠债decade n. 十年,十年期decay vi. 腐烂;衰败n. 腐烂deceit n. 欺骗,欺诈deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗December n. 十二月decent a. 正派的;体面的decide vt. 决定,决心;解决decision n. 决定,决心;果断deck n. 甲板;舱面;层面declare vt. 断言;声明;表明decorate vt. 装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi.& n. 减少,减少deduce vt. 演绎,推论,推断deed n. 行为;功绩;契约deep a. 深的;纵深的deepen vt. 加深vi. 深化deer n. 鹿defeat vt. 战胜,击败;挫败defect n. 缺点,缺陷,欠缺defence n. 防御;防务;辩护defend vt. 保卫,防守define vt. 给…下定义;限定definite a. 明确的;肯定的definitely ad. 一定地,明确地definition n. 定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delay vt. 推迟;耽搁;延误delete vt. 删除;擦掉delegation n. 代表团delicate a. 纤细的;易碎的delicious a. 美味的,怡人的delight n. 快乐vt. 使高兴deliver vt. 投递,送交;发表delivery n. 投递;交付;分娩demand vt. 要求;需要;询问democracy n. 民主,民主制democratic a. 民主的,民主政体的demonstrate vt. 说明;论证;表露dense a. 密集的;浓厚的density n. 密集,稠密;密度deny vt. 否定;拒绝相信depart vi. 离开,起程;出发department n. 部,司,局,处,系departure n. 离开,出发,起程depend vi. 依靠,依赖;相信dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的deposit vt. 使沉淀;存放depress vt. 使沮丧;按下depth n. 深度;深厚;深处derive vt. 取得vi. 起源descend vi. 下来,下降;下倾describe vt. 形容;描写,描绘description n. 描写,形容;种类desert n. 沙漠vt. 离弃;擅离deserve vt. 应受,值得design vt. 设计n. 设计;图样desirable a. 值得相望的;可取的desire vt. 相望;要求n. 愿望desk n. 书桌,办公桌despair n. 绝望vi.绝望desperate a. 拼死的;绝望的despise vt. 鄙视,蔑视despite prep. 不管,不顾destination n. 目的地,终点;目标destroy vt. 破坏;消灭;打破destruction n. 破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n. 细节;枝节;零件detect vt. 察觉,发觉;侦察detection n. 察觉,发觉;侦察determination n. 决心;决定;确定determine vt. 决定;查明;决心develop vt. 发展;形成;开发development n. 发展;开发;生长device n. 器械,装置;设计devil n. 魔鬼,恶魔devise vt. 设计,发明devote vt. 将…奉献,致力于dew n. 露,露水diagram n. 图解,图表,简图dial n. 钟面;拨号盘vt. 拨dialect n. 方言,土语,地方话dialog n. 对话,对白diameter n. 直径diamond n. 金钢石,钻石;菱形diary n. 日记,日记簿dictate vt.& vi. 口授;命令dictation n. 口授笔录,听写dictionary n. 词典,字典die vi. 死,死亡;灭亡differ vi. 不同,相异difference n. 差别;差;分歧different a. 差异的;各种的difficult a. 困难的;难对付的difficulty a. 困难;难事;困境dig vt. 掘,挖;采掘digest vt. 消化;领会n. 文摘digital a. 数字的,计数的diligent a. 勤勉的,勤奋的dim a. 昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n. 尺寸,尺度;面积dinner n. 正餐,主餐;宴会dip vt. 浸,蘸vi. 浸一浸direct a. 直接的;直率的direction n. 方向,方位;指导directly ad. 直接地;立即director n. 指导者;理事;导演dirt n. 尘,土;污物,污垢dirty a. 脏的;下流的disable vt. 使无能,使伤残disadvantage n. 不利,不利地位disagree vi. 有分歧;不一致disappear vi. 不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt. 使失望,使受挫折disaster n. 灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n. 圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt. 丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt. 释放;排出n. 释放discipline n. 纪律;训练vt. 训练disclose vt. 揭开,揭发;透露discourage vt. 使泄气,使灰心discover vt. 发现;暴露,显示discovery n. 发现;被发现的事物discuss vt. 讨论,谈论;论述discussion n. 讨论,谈论;论述disease n. 病,疾病;病害disguise vi. 隐瞒,掩埋n. 假装disgust n. 厌恶,憎恶dish n. 碟,盘子;菜肴dishonour n. 不光彩;丢脸的人dislike vt.& n. 不喜爱,厌恶dismiss vt. 不再考虑;解雇disorder n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt. 陈列,展览;显示disposal n. 丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi. 去掉,丢掉;销毁displease vt. 使不愉快,使生气dispute vi. 争论,争执n. 争论dissatisfy vi. 使不满,使不平dissolve vt. 使溶解;解散distance n. 距离,间距;远处distant a. 在远处的,疏远的distinct a. 与其他不同的distinction n. 差别,不同,区分distinguish vt. 区别,辨别,认别distress n. 忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt. 分发,分送;分布distribution n. 分发,分配;分布district n. 区;地区,区域disturb vt. 打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n. 沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi. 跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a. 不一样的,相异的divide vt. 分;分配;分开division n. 分,分配;除法divorce n. 离婚,离异vi. 离婚do aux.v. vt. 做,干,办dock n. 船坞;码头;船厂doctor n. 医生,医师;博士document n. 公文,文件;证件dog n. 狗,犬,犬科动物dollar n. 元(货币单位)domestic a. 本国的;家庭的donkey n. 驴;笨蛋door n. 门,通道;一家dorm n. 宿舍dormitory n. 集体寝室;宿舍dose n. 剂量,用量;一剂dot n. 点,圆点vt. 打点于double a. 两倍的;双的doubt n. 怀疑;疑虑vt. 怀疑doubtful a. 难以预测的;怀疑的doubtless ad. 无疑地;很可能down ad. 向下,在下面downstairs ad. 在楼下 a. 楼下的downward a. 向下的ad. 向下地dozen n. 一打,十二个draft n. 草稿;汇票vt. 起草drag vt. 拖,拉;拖曳dragon n. 龙;凶暴的人drain vt. 排去;放水n. 耗竭drama n. 一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a. 引人注目的,戏剧的draw vt. 画,划;拖;拨出drawer n. 抽屉drawing n. 图画,素描;绘图dread n. 畏惧;恐怖vt. 惧怕dream n. 梦;梦想vi. 做梦dress n. 女服,童装;服装drift vi. 漂流,漂泊n. 漂流drill n. 钻头;操练vi. 钻孔drink vt. 饮vi. 喝n. 饮料drip vi. 滴下;漏水n. 水滴drive vt. 驾驶;打入;驱driver n. 驾驶员,司机drop vt. 使落下;降低drought n. 旱灾,干旱drown vi. 淹死,溺死drug n. 药,药物,药材drum n. 鼓;鼓状物,圆桶drunk a. 醉的;陶醉的dry a. 干的,干燥的duck n. 鸭,雌鸭;鸭肉due a. 预期的;应给的dull a. 枯燥的;不鲜明的dumb a. 哑的;无言的dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a .耐久的,耐用的duration n. 持续,持久during prep. 在…期间dusk n. 薄暮,黄昏,幽暗dust n. 尘土,灰尘duty n. 职责;责任;税dwelling n. 住处,寓所dye vt. 染n. 染料;染色dying a. 垂死的;临终的dynamic a. 有活力的;动力的Eeach pron. 各,各自 a. 各eager a. 渴望的,热切的eagle n. 鹰ear n. 耳朵;听力,听觉early ad. 早 a. 早的,早期的earn vt. 赚得,挣得;获得earnest a. 认真的,诚恳的earth n. 地球;陆地,地面earthquake n. 地震;大震荡。

大学英语课程教学要求（试行）词组表（total 1879 ）a bit a case in point a far cry from a few a good/great/deal a good/great many a little a lot a lot/lots of a number ofa piece of cake a sea of a variety of abandon oneself to abide byabove all above board above/over one's head according to account for accuse sb. of sth across the board act on act out act upadd in add on add up add up to after allagain and again ahead of ahead of schedule ahead of time all alongall at once all but all in all all manner of all of a sudden all over all over again all right all the same all the timeall the way all the while all thing considered all thumbs allow forallow of along with amount to and so on /forth angle for answer for anything but anything like apart from apply forarm in arm around/round the corner as a matter of fact as a resultas a result of as a rule as a whole as far as as followsas for/to as good as as if/though as it is as it wereas often as not as opposed to as regards as soon as as muchas well as well as as yet as/so far as ...be concernedas/so long as as...as aside from associate with as (long) lastat a glance at a loss at a stretch at a time at allat all costs at all events at all times at any price at any rateat best at ease at fault at first at first glanceat first sight at full blast at hand at heart at homeat intervals at large at least at leisure at lengthat liberty at most at no time at once at one timeat one with sb. at one's wits' end at peace at present at riskat sb.'s disposal at sea at short/a moment's notice at stakeat the cost of at the expense of at the latest at the mercy of at the momentat the outside at the risk of at the same time at times at willat work at/in a pinch at/on sight avail oneself of back and forth back away back down/off back off back out back upbadly off bank on bargain for/on barge in ba about to dobe addicted to ba aware of be bound up in be bound up with be composed of be fed up with be friends withbe in debt be in for be mad aboutbe made up of be named after be to blame be/get used to doing sth. be/stand in awe of bear down bear on/upon bear out bear up bear withbear/keep in mind beat down beat up because of become of before long beg off behind bars behind sb.'s back behind the scenes behind the times believe in beside oneself beside the point better off beyond (a) doubt beyond all question beyond belief beyond measure beyond/without compare bit by bit black and blue block inblock off block up blot out blow up board upboil down to boil over book in border on bounce backbox in branch out break away break down break evenbreak in break into break off breakout break sb.'s heart break the ice break through break up brim over with bring aboutbring around/round bring back bring down bring forth bring forwardbring into being bring into play bring off bring on bring outbring the house down bring through bring to bring to justice bring to lifebring to light bring to one's knees bring up bring up the rear bring/carry/put into effect bring/put into operation bring ...home to bristle with brush aside brush off brush up buck upbudget for build in build into build on/upon build upbump into bundle up burn down burn out burn upburst into burst out burst upon/ on sb. but for but thenbuy into buy off buy out buy up by accidentby all means by analogy by and by by and large by any chanceby chance by common consent by courtesy of by degreesby far by hand by heart by itself by means ofby mistake by no means by reason of by rights by the bookby and by by the same token by the way by trial and error by turnsby virtue of by way of by/in comparison by/in contrast by/in leaps and bounds call back call for call in call in/into question call it a daycall off call on/upon call out call up calm down campaign for can not but can/could not help capable of care forcarry forward carry off carry on carry out carry overcarry through carry weight carve out carve up cash downcash in on cast about/around ( for ) cast aside cast offcast out cast/draw lots catch (on) fire catch at catch oncatch one's breath catch out catch sb.'s out catch sb's eye catch sight ofcatch up (with) catch/ get/take hold of chance on/ upon change hands change one's mind change over charge sb. with sth. cheat on check incheck out check up on cheer on cheer up chew overchoke back choke up clean out clean up clear awayclear cut clear off clear up close by close downclose up come about come across come along come apartcome around/round come at come between come by come down ( to ) come in come in for come into come into being come into one's own come into play come off come on come out come out withcome round come through come to come to a head come to blowscome to life come to light come to no harm come to one's senses come to termscome true come under come up come up against come up forcome up to come up with come/draw to a close come/get to grips come /go into effect come/go into operation commit a crime compare notes confide in cook upcool down/ off cope with count against count down count incount on/upon count out count up cover for cover upcrack down crack up crawl with crop up cross outcrowd in cry out ( for ) cure sb. of sth. curl up cut acrosscut back cut corners cut down cut in cut offcut out cut short cut up dash off date backdate from dawn on day and night day off deal indeal with decide on/upon die away die down die ofdie out dig in dig out dig up dip intodispose of do away with do for do justice to do one's bitdo one's utmost do sb. good do the hono(u)rs do up do withdo without do your share do/try one's best double up down withdoze off drag on/out draw in draw into draw ondraw out draw up dress up drive at drive awaydrop by/in drop off drop out drum up dry outdry up due to dwell on/upon ease off/up end inend up enter into enter on/upon even as even if/though ever so every bit every now and then every other every so often except for explain away face to face face up to fall apartfall away fall behind fall for fall in love with fall in withfall off fall on/upon fall out fall prey to fall short offall through fall to far and wide far from feel likefeel the pinch fight back fight off figure out fill infill out fill the bill fill up find fault with find outfinish up first and foremost first of all fish for fit as a fiddlefit in with fit into fix on fix up flick through follow one's nose follow through follow up fool about/around for allfor anything for certain for ever for example for fear of/thatfor free for fun for good for good measure for instancefor life for nothing for one thing for one's part for realfor sale for short for sure for that matter for the betterfor the moment for the present for the record for the sake of for the time being foul up from scratch from the bottom of one's heart from time to time gain ground gain on gain/gather momentum gamble away gear up get a move on get about get ahead get alongget around/round get at get away get away get back toget by get down to business get even with get inget into get nowhere get off get off the ground get onget on sb's nerves get on with get out get over get rid ofget round get through get to know get together get upget/have the better of give away give back give birth to give free rein to give in give off give out give over to give rise togive up give way go about go after go againstgo ahead go along go along with go around/round go atgo away go back on go by go down go forgo from bad to worse go halves go in for go into go into detailsgo off go on go out go out of business go out of one's way go over go round go the rounds of go through go to bedgo to court go to extremes go to great lengths go to pieces go undergo up go wild go with go without go without sayinggo wrong grind on grind out grow into grow intogrow out grow out of grow up guard against hack intohack through had better had/would rather ( than ) hail fromhammer away at hammer out hand back hand down hand inhand in hand hand on hand out hand over hang aroundhang on hang on to hang together hang up have a bearing on have a good time have a thing about have an effect on have in mind have it in forhave no business have one's hands full head on head over heelshelp out here and now here and there hinge on /upon hit backhit on/upon hold back hold down hold fast to hold forthhold in contempt hold off hold on hold one's breath hold one's ownhold out hold over hold sb. to ransom hold together hold uphold with hook up how about how come hue and cryhung up hurry up hush up I dare say if onlyimprove on/upon in a hurry in a mess in a row in a sensein a way in a word in abundance in accord with in accordance within addition in addition to in advance in all in all probabilityin all/good conscience in answer to in any case in any event in back ofin between in black and white in brief in bulk in businessin case in case of in character in charge of in checkin chorus in cold blood in collaboration with in common in comparison within concert in confidence in conjunction with in connection with in consequencein consequence of in consideration of in contrast to/ with in control ofin debt in default of in defiance of in demand in depthin detail in disgrace in disguise in dispute in doubtin due course in duplicate in earnest in effect in essencein evidence in excess of in fact in fashion in favor ofin force in front of in full in full blossom in full swingin future in general in good faith in good shape in halfin hand in harmony with in haste in hono(u)r of in hot pursuitin itself in kind in league with in line with in luckin memory of in no case in no time in no way in one's heart of hearts in one's mind's eye in one's own right in operation in order in order thatin order to in other words in part in particular in personin place in place of in practice in print in privatein proportion to in public in quantity in question in realityin relation to in response to in return for in reverse in ruinsin sb.'s debt in sb.'s ahnds in sb.'s presence in sb.'s shoes in search ofin season in secret in short in short order in sightin so far as in spite of in step in stock in storein strength in sum in summary in tears in terms ofin that in the abstract in the act of in the air in the balancein the course of in the distance in the end in the event in the end ofin the event that in the extreme in the face of in the first instance in the first place in the flesh in the future in the habit of in the interests of in the interimin the light of in the long run in the main in the middle of in the midst ofin the name of in the neighborhood of in the open in the rawin the red in the right in the short run in the vicinity of in the wake ofin the wind in the wings in the world in the wrong in the/sb.'s way in time in total in touch with in transit in troublein truth in tune with in turn in use in vainin view of in vogue in/under the circumstances incapable of inquire after inquire into inside out instead of iron outjog sb.'s memory join hands join in join up (with) jump the/a queue just about just as well just now keep a secret keep abreast of keep an eye on keep at keep at a distance keep back keep down keep from keep house keep in touch keep off keep onkeep one's fingers crossed keep one's own counsel keep pace with keep sb.'s head keep to keep track of keep up keep up with pany key in kick in kick off kick out kick upkill two birds with one stone kind of knock about/around knock down knock off knock on knock out knock over know better than lack of lap up lash out at later on laugh atlaugh off launch into lay aside lay claim to lay downlay off lay on lay out lay over lay uplead up to leaf through lean on least of all leave alone leave behind leave off leave out leave to one's own deviceslend itself to lend sb. a hand let alone let down let go oflet in let off let out let slip let uplevel off/out lie behind lie down lie in light onlight up like a shot like crazy like hell like madline up link up listen to little by little live a lielive off live on live out live through live up tolive with lock in lock up log in log outlook after look ahead look around/round look at look backlook down on/ upon look for look forward to look in look intolook like look on look out for look over look sth uplook through look to look up look up to look uponlose heart lose oneself in lose sb.'s head lose sight of lose track of lost one's temper make a difference make a fool of make a fuss of/over make a point of make a thing of/out of make allowances for make an example of make believe make an exhibition of oneself make for make friends with make fun of make history make into make it make no bones about make ofmake off make one's way make out make peace make sense make sb.'s hair stand on end make sure make the best of make the most of make up make up for make up one's mind make use of make waymany a map out mark down mark off mark upmay as well mean business measure up meet with mend one's ways mess about/around mess up mess with miss out mix upmop up more and more more often than not more or less move around move away move in on move on move up mow down much as nail down neither here nor there neither ...nor never mindnext to night and day no doubt no end no less thanno longer no matter how/what/when/etc. no sooner... than no wayno wonder none but none other than none too nose about/around no have a leg to stand on not in the least not only... but also not so much ...as not to be sneezed at not to mention nothing but now that nowhere near odds and ends of a kind of course of necessity of no accountof one's own accord of sorts/of a sort off and on off balance off dutyoff one's guard off the air off the hook off the record on a ...scaleon a diet on account of on and on on approval on boardom business on condition that on cue on demand on dutyon earth on edge on end on file on fireon foot on hand on impulse on line on loanon no account on occasions on one's conscience on one's guard on one's ownon order on paper on purpose on record on saleon schedule on that score on the air on the alert on the blinkon the brink of on the button on the contrary on the fence on the goon the grounds of on the horizon on the hour on the house on the increase on the job on the move on the net on the one hand on the other hand on the part of on the point of on the quiet on the road to on the runon the shelf on the side on the sky on the spot on the strength of on the spur of the moment on the table on the threshold of on the verge of on the whole on the /an average on thin ice on time on topon top of on/in behalf of on/under oath on/upon one's hono(u)r once and for all once in a while once more/again once upon a time one after another one anotherone by one one day one way or another only too open upoperate on or else or so or something other thanought to out of out of breath out of character out of condition out of control out of date out of doors out of fashion out of handout of joint out of line out of luck out of one's depth out of orderout of place out of pocket out of practice out of print out of question out of season out of sight out of sorts out of step out of stockout of the blue out of the ordinary out of the question out of the way out of touch with out of tune with out of use out of work outside of over and above over and over again own up pack away pack in pack offpack up palm off part company with part with pass awaypass by pass off as pass on pass out pass overpass up pat on the back pay attention to pay back pay offpay out pay up peel off per cent phase inphase out pick at pick on pick out pick sb.'s brains pick up pick/pull to pieces pie in the sky pile up pin downpitch in plan on play a part in play at play backplay down play havoc with play it safe play off play off against play on play out play second fiddle to play up play with fireplug in point out poke about/around poke fun at poles apartpoke/stick one's nose into polish off pop up pour intopour out presence of mind press on presume on prick up one's ears prior to prop up provide for puff out puff uppull apart pull away pull down pull in pull offpull one's weight pull out pull over pull sb.'s leg pull throughpull together pull up push around push on push throughput across/over put aside put away put down put forwardput in put in a good word for put into practice put offput on put one's heads together put out put the screws on put through put to death put to use put up put up withqueue up quite a few rack one's brains rake in rake uprather than rattle off rattle on read out reckon with reconcile with refer to... as ... regarded as rein in relative torely on revolve around ride out right away ring offring up rip apart rip off rise above rise torise up roll in roll up root out rope inround off round the clock round up rub it in rule outrun across run away with run down run into run offrun off with run out run out of run over run riotrun through run to run up run up against rush outrustle up safe and sound sail through save for save upscale down scarcely... when scrape by/ through scrape together/up screw upseal off second to nonesee about see eye to eye see offsee out see red see through see to see to it that seeing that seek out seize on/upon seize up sell offsell on sell out sell up send away send forsend in send off ( for ) send out send up serve outserve up serve...right set about set against set apartset aside set back set down set fire to set forthset free set in set off set on set one's heart on set out set sail set store by set the pace set upsettle down settle for settle in/into settle on/upon settle upsew up shade in/into shade down shake off shake upshape up shoot down shoot up shop around shoulder to shoulder shout down shove off show off show up shrug offshut away shut down shut in shut off shut outshut up shy away from side by side sign away sign forsign in sign off sign on/up sign out single outsink in sit around sit back sit by sit downsit in on sit out/through sit up size up sketch outsleep off sleep through slip in slip through slip upslow down/up snap out of snap up sniff out so and soso as to so far so long so so so thatso to speak so...as to so... that soak up something of sooner or later sort of sort out sound... out space outspeak for speak out/up speed up spell out spin outspit out split up sponge off spot on spread outspring up square off square up stab in the back stamp onstamp out stand a chance of stand by stand down stand forstand in stand off stand out stand up stand up forstand up to start off start on start out start upstay on stay out stay put stay up steam upsteer clear of step aside/down step by step step down step instep up stick around stick at stick by stick out forstick to stick together stick up for stick with stir upstock up stop by stop off/ over straight away/off strike offstrike out stirke up string along string out strip offstumble across/on such as suck up suffer with suffice it to say that sum up sure enough swear by swear in swear offswitch off switch on tag along tail off take a chancetake a delight in take a fancy to take aback take account of take advantage of take after take against take apart take away take backtake care take care of take care over take charge take covertake down take effect take exception to take for granted take hearttake in take in one's stride take into account take into consideration take it easytake into one's confidence take note of take off take ontake one's cue from take one's leave of take one's time take out take overtake pains take part in take place take root take sb's breath away take shape take stock of take the place of take the plunge take totake turns take up take your time take/have a hand in take...as take...by surprise take...for take...into account take...to heart take... to task take...with a grain/pinch of salt talk back talk down to talk intotalk out of talk over talk sense talk through one's hat tangle withteam up tear apart tear at tear away tear downtear into tear up tell a white lie tell apart tell offtell the truth tend to thanks to that is to say the hellthe moment that the more...the more the rank and file the same asthen and there/there and then think back think back to think better ofthink of think out think over think through think upthrash out through and through through thick and thin throw awaythrow in throw off throw one's weight about/around throw outthrow up throw/cast light on/upon tick away/by tide overtidyaway tie down tie in with tie up tighten uptime after time/time and again time out tip off tire outto a certain extent to a/the day to advantage to all appearances to be on the safe side to begin with to date to death to excess to goto hell with to my mind to one's heart's content to one's knowledge to perfectionto say nothing of to say the least to sb.'s credit to some degree to spareto start with to the best of one's ability to the contrary to the coreto the effect that to the fore to the letter to the point to the tune oftoe the line together with tone down top up touch downtouch off touch on/upon touch up track down trade intrade off trade on/upon trail along trail away/off treat oftrip up try on try out tuck away tuck intuck up tumble to tune in to turn a blindeye to turn a deaf earturn away turn back turn down turn in turn intoturn off turn on turn one's back on turn out turn overturn over a new leafturn round turn the corner turn the tables turn toturn up under control under cover under fire under no circumstances under one's breath under the weather under way up against up in the airup to up to date up to scratch up to the minute use upused to usher in vote in wade through wait forwait on wake up wake up to walk away/off with walk onwalk out walk over walk up wall in ward offwarm to warm up wash one's hands of wash out wash upwaste away watch out (for) wave aside wear away wear offwear out what about what if what is more what is worsewhip up why not wide of the mark win out/through win overwin up wind up wink at wipe out with a view towith one accord with reference to with respect to with the click of a mousewith/in regard to within reason without fail without question word for wordwork at/on work off work out work up worn outworth one's salt worthy of would sooner wound up wrap upwrite down write off year after/by year zip up。

大学英语课程教学大纲（总纲）（College English）一、培养目标为适应我国高等教育发展的新形势，深化教学改革，提高教学质量，满足新时期国家和社会对人才培养的需要，教育部高等教育司在二00七年七月十日颁布了《大学英语课程教学要求》，本课程要求是各高等学校组织非英语专业本科生英语教学的主要依据。

大学英语教学是高等教育的有机组成部分，大学英语课程是大学生的一门必修的基础课程。

大学英语是以外语教学理论为指导，以英语语言知识与应用技能、跨文化交际和学习策略为主要内容，并集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系。

大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行交际，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素质，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。

大学英语是耿丹学院“全覆盖、全贯通”课程教学必修基础课程之一，也是学院学位授予必修课程之一，同时又是考研科目中的必考科目之一。

依据学院要求，大学英语四级通过率是学生学位授予的条件之一，大学英语四级首次通过率应达到30%，四级累计通过率应达到80%，英语四级成绩符合学位授予条件的比例达到90%。

考研英语单科成绩应达到该科满分成绩的50%。

二、培养基本规格（一）课程性质大学英语教学是高等教育的一个有机组成部分，也是耿丹学院全覆盖、全贯通课程教学必修基础课之一。

大学英语课程不仅是一门语言基础课，也是拓宽知识、了解世界文化的素质教育课程，兼具工具性和人文性。

该课程主要指基础阶段的大学英语教学，即在一、二年级四个学期为非英语专业学生（汉语言专业除外）开设的大学英语课程。

大学英语教学是以最优化的国内外外语教学理论为指导，以英语语言知识与应用技能、学习策略和跨文化交际为主要内容，并集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系。

（二）课程任务大学英语课程教学是实施全面素质教育的主要途径，其教学目标是为学生打好扎实的语言基础，同时又培养学生的综合应用能力，使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行交际，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。

《大学英语》（一）课程教学大纲课程名称：《大学英语》（一）课程代码：英文名称：College English I课程性质：通识课程学分/学时：4开课学期：大一秋季适用专业：全日制非英语专业本科生先修课程：高中英语后续课程：《大学英语》（二）等开课单位：课程负责人：大纲执笔人：大纲审核人：一、课程性质和教学目标课程性质：大学英语“一般要求”课程开设四个学期：第一学期大学英语（一）课程包括综合英语1和英语听说1。

使用教材：综合英语使用《全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程》第1册和《新世纪大学英语系列教材快速阅读》第1册；英语听说使用《全新版大学英语（第二版）听说教程》第1册，上海外语教育出版社，2010年。

教学目标1：通过课堂教学的各个环节，运用多种教学方法，调动学生学习英语的积极性，使他们踊跃参与课堂教学活动，培养学生的英语表达能力，增强使用英语学习策略的灵活性。

修完“综合英语1”后，学生的词汇量应达到3000左右。

具体要求：读：1)能正确朗读Text A，并能背诵有关规定的段落；2)教师应利用一定的课堂时间讲解和介绍快速阅读的方法和技巧，尤其是skimming和 scanning的阅读方法，指导学生课外完成《快速阅读》第一册，在阅读生词不超过总数3%的材料时，读速应达到每分钟80个词，阅读理解的准确率不应低于70%。

写：1)能运用学到的语言知识和每单元所学到的写作技巧，写出符合语言规则的句子，且能联句成段；2)能用英语简单描述自己身边所发生的事，并能以日记形式写下来。

译：1)能正确翻译Text A和Text B中的有关句子（英译汉）；2)能根据已学到的语言知识或所给的英语词汇，翻译句子或段落（汉译英）。

二、课程目标与毕业要求的对应关系三、课程教学内容及学时分配（含课程教学、自学、作业、讨论等内容和要求，指明重点内容和难点内容）（重点内容：★；难点内容：∆）第一单元成长1. 教学内容①师生交流；课程简介；学习方法指导②成长的喜悦和烦恼2. 教学要点和任务①帮助学生适应大学的英语学习②文化背景介绍★学习写英文祝贺信∆成长过程中的转折点第二单元友谊1. 教学内容①友谊的定义②友谊的重要性2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★学习写私人信件∆如何保持友谊第三单元理解科学1. 教学内容①科学的定义②科学的利弊2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★学习写说明文∆如何把握科学和技术的发展方向第四单元美国梦1. 教学内容①美国梦定义②美国梦的影响2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★学习写记叙文∆美国梦和和中国梦的比较第五单元工作为了生存还是活着为了工作1. 教学内容①工作的定义②工作狂的弊端2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★学习写慰问信∆如何平衡家庭生活、工作和娱乐教学任务：互动问答/看图说话/视频片段欣赏/小组讨论/备稿演讲/主题辩论等等第六单元浪漫1. 教学内容①情人节由来②真爱要义2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★学习写邀请信∆情人节和七夕节比较第七单元动物智力1. 教学内容①动物有智力吗②动物智力举例2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构★写作中的举例法∆人和动物之间的沟通第八单元教育问题1. 教学内容①教育的根本目的是什么②教育的重要性2. 教学要点和任务①文化背景介绍②课文重点词汇和结构写作中的因果法中西教育体制比较四、教学方法1) 课堂讲解，师生互动；2）在教师指导下，以学生为中心，课内开展与所授课文有关的丰富的课堂活动；3）巧妙地纠正学生的语音语调和语用错误；4）指导学生收听课外英语调频节目；5）指导学生使用基于网络计算机英语学习系统，培养自主学习能力；6）加强积极词汇的训练；7）逐步培养学生灵活使用各种英语学习的策略。

大学英语课程教学要求较高要求1601个单词abort absurd abundance academician accession accessory accommodate accountability accountable accountancy accounting accusation accustom activate actuality addict addicted addictive adhere adherence adjacent adjoin administer administrate admittance admittedly adolescence adolescent adore advancement advantageous adventurer adventurous adverse aerial aerospace aesthetic aesthetics affiliate affirm affix afflict affordable aggravate aggregate airborne aisle ale alien alienate allege allegedly alleviate allocate allotment alloy aloft alternate ambiguity ambiguous amend ammunition ample amplify analogy analytical anew angel animate animated annoyance anonymous antibiotic appalling apparatus appease appendix appraisal appraise appropriation apt arc arch arena armo(u)r array arrogance arrogant artery artful articulate artifact artillery ascend ascertain ascribe ashore assassin assassinate assassination assault assertive assimilate assurance astronomy athletic atlas atmospheric attendant attributable authenticity authoritative authorize/-ise automation autonomous autonomy avail availability avert aviation avoidance awesome axis 123baffle bald ballet ballot banknote bankruptcy barren batch battalion batter beforehand behavio(u)ral belly beneficiary bewilder bias bibliography billboard billionaire bilingual binder bingo biochemistry biography biomedical bishop bizarre blaze bleak bless blink bloc blueprint blunder blunt blush boastful bodily booth bored botanical botany bottomless boycott boyhood brace bracket breach breakage breakdown brew brewery bribery briefing brighten brink brisk broadband brochure broke bronze brood brotherly bruise brutal brutality buck bully burdensome bureaucracy bureaucrat bureaucratic bust buzz bypass 75cafeteria calcium calculation calling calorie cannon canvas cape capsule caption captive cardinal carefree caring carve casino casualty catastrophe cater cathedral catholic cathedral caution cavity celebrity cellular cemetery censorship census centralization certification certify chant chapel charitable cherish cholesterol chord chorus chronic chronicle chunk circulation circus civic clamp clan clarification clarity clasp classified clearance clear-cut clearing climax cluster clutch coalition cocaine cocktail coexistence cognitive coherent cohesion coincide coincidence collaboration collide colonize/ise comet commemorate commend commentary commercialism commodity commonplace commonwealth companionship compartment compassionate competence compile complement complexion complication compliment comply composite compulsory conceited conceive conception concise concurrently condemnation condolence condom confederation confer confidential configuration conform conformity confrontation Confucianism congressman conqueror conscientious consecutive consequent conserve console consolidate conspicuous constituent constitutional constrain constrict consultancy consultative contemplate contempt contend contention continuance contradict contrive convene converge conversion convertible cooperative cordial cork cornerstone corporate corpse correlate correlation corrode corrupt cosmetic council(l)or counterclockwise counterpart coupon courageous courtesy coverage coworker cozy/cosy crackdown cradle credible crisp criterion crowning crumble cubic cucumber culminate cultivation cumulative curfew customary cylinder 166daring dart dazzle debris decentralize/ise decidedly decimal decisive decree dedicate dedication deduce deduction deductive deem default defection defective defendant defiance deficient definitive degenerate degrade delicacy denote denounce deplore deploy deport deprive derail deregulation descendant descent designate desirability desirous despise destined destiny detach detain detention deteriorate deterioration deviate diagnosis dictator dietary differentiate diffuse digestive diligent dilute diminish dioxide diploma directory disable disastrous discern disciplinary disciplined disclose disclosure discontent discreet discrepancy discrete discriminate disjointed dismay dismissal dispatch/despatch dispense disperse displace disposition disregard disrupt distil(l) distinguishable distort distracted disturbance diversion divert dividend divine dock doctrine dodge dogged dogma dole domain dome dominance domination donate doom double-decker doubtless downside drainage drastic drawback dread dreadful dreamy driveway drought dual dub dubious duplicate dwell dweller 119Easter eccentric eclipse ecological ecology ecosystem edible eject elapse elastic elasticity electoral electrician elevate elicit eligible elite eloquent emancipate embark embed embody emigrant emission empirical enclosure endanger endeavo(u)r endorse endow enforcement enrollment ensue entail enthusiastic entity entrepreneur entrust envisage epoch equator eradicate erase erroneous erupt escort essence esteem esthetic evacuate evaporate evenly evoke exceptional excerpt execution exemplary exempt exhaustion exotic expectancy expedition expend expenditure expertise expire explanatory exposition exquisite extinct extract extravagant 72fabricate fabulous facet falsehood fascist fatality feasibility feast feat federation feeble fellowship feminine ferry filling finite fitting fixture flank flap flare flatter flaw flip flush flutter foam foil forcibly foremost forerunner foresight foretell formality formidable formulate fort forthcoming foster foul fracture fragile fragrance fragrant frantic friction fright fringe funding furious fury fuse fusion 53gadget galaxy garlic garment gasp gauge generalize/-ise generosity geology gigantic giggle glamo(u)r gland glare gleam glide glitter globalize/ise gloom glossary gorge gorgeous gossip gracious granted graphic graze grease grid grieve grill grim grin groan groove grope gruel guardian guilt gunfire 40hairy hamper handicap handicraft handset harassment hardy harmonious hasty hatch haunt hawk hazardous heighten hemisphere henceforth herb heritage hesitant hibernate hierarchical hierarchy hike hinge historian hitherto hive hoist holly homogeneous homosexual honorary hop hormone hose hospitality hostage hotly hound hover howl huddle hug hum humane humanism humanist humanitarian humidity hurl hurricane hypothesis hysterical 53icon ideological ideology idiot ignite illicit illiterate illuminate imaginative imitation immerse immunize/ise impair impart imperative imperialism imperialist impetus impractical imprison impromptu inaugurate inborn incentive incidentally inclusive incompatible incompetence incomprehensive inconsistency incorporate incur indefinite indicative indignant indignation induction inductive indulge inertia infectious infinity inflict infringe ingenious inhabit inhibit initiate inject inland inlet innovation innumerable instal(l)ment instantaneous institutional instrumental insulate insurgency insuegent integral intellect intelligible intent interactive intercourse interim intermediary intermittent interrogation intersection intervene interwoven intolerance intolerant intricate intrigue intrinsic intuition invalid invaluable invariably inventory invert investigator investor irony irrational irregular irrespective irritate isle isolation ivory 94jealousy jelly jeopardize/-ise jerk jigsaw jog judicial judiciary junction junk juvenile 11kidnap kidney kilowatt knob 4lace lame landmark landmine lash latitude lawful lawsuit layman layoff leaflet leftist legalization legend legislative legislator legitimate lesbian lever levy liability liaison lieutenant lightweight likelihood linear linen liner linger lipstick literal litter livelihood locality locomotive locust lofty longitude loom lordship lounge lubricate luminous lunar lure 45magistrate magnify magnitude majesty makeup malicious mall malpractice managerial maneuver/manoeuvre manhood manifest mansionmanuscript marble martyr masculine massacre masterful mastermind masterpiece mastery maternity maturity maximize/ise meadow measurable mechanics mediate mediator Medicare medieval melody memorandum memorize/-ise menace mercury merge merger metallic methodology metropolitan midst midwife migrant milestone militant militia milky mingle miniature minibus minimal minimize/-ise ministerial mint misery misfortune misguide missionary mistress mob mobilize/-ise mock moderator module momentary momentum monetary monopoly mortal mortgage motel motherhood mountainous mourn muddy multicultural multilateral multinational multitude municipal murmur muscular mute mutter 86naïve nationalism nationalist navigation necessitate neglectful negligible negotiable neutralize/ise nickname nil nominal nominate nominee nonetheless nonprofit normalize/ise notable notation noteworthy notorious notwithstanding novelty numerical nurture nutrition 26oath obedience obedient obese obesity obscene obscure occupational odo(u)r offset offspring olive omelette omission onset onward operative opinionated opium oppress optic optimism optimum oracle orient oriental orientation originate orthodox oust outbreak outdate outfit outflow outgoing outpost outrage outreach overflow overhear overlap overpass oversee oversight overstate overt overthrow overtime overturn overwhelming owl oxide ozone 53P pact pamphlet paperback parachute paradise paradox paralyze/-yse parameter parasite parental parliamentary participant partition passersby pastime pastry pasture patent pathetic patriot patriotic patriotism patrol patron peanut pearl peculiarity pedal pedestrian peel peg pendulum penguin peninsula pensioner perfume periodic perish permeate permissible perpetual perplex persecution persistent persuasive pervasive pest petition petitioner petrochemical petty phoenix physiological pilgrim pipeline pirate planetary plaster plateau plaza plea plead plight poke polar pollutant polytechnic ponder populate porch porridge portfolio portray posture practicable preach precede precedent preclude predecessor prediction predominant premature premier premise premium prescription preservation preside presidential prestige presume presumption pretext prevalent preview prey privacy privileged probability problematic proceeding profitable profound prolong prone propaganda propagate propel prophet proposition prose prosecute prosecution prospective prototype provincial provocative proximity prune psychiatrist publicize/ise pudding pumpkin punctuality punctuate purify purity pursuit 129qualitative quantify quantitative quart quarterly quartz queer quench questionnaire quota 10racecourse racket radiant radiate radioactive radium radius random rap rape rash rating reactionary realism reassure rebellion rebound recede receptor recipe recipient reciprocal recite reckless reclaim reconciliation recount recruitment rectangular rectify recur recyclable redundant reel referee refinery refrain refreshment refuge refund refute regime regiment regulatory rehearsal rehearse reign rein rejoice relay reliance relish remainder reminiscence remnant renaissance renewable renowned repay repel repertoire repression repressive reproach rescuer resemblance resentment reshuffle reside residential resignation resourceful respectable respectful respondent responsive restoration restructure resultant resume retailer retention retort retrieval retrieve retrospect retrospective revelation revenge reversible revert revive rigorous rim rivalry robbery robust romance rooster rot rotary roughly routinely royalty rupture 105sabotage sacred safeguard salute salvation sarcasm SARS saturate savage saxophone scar scarcity scenario scent scholarly scorn scramble scrap scrub scrutiny sculpture seam secrecy secular segregate segregation seniority sensation sensational sensitivity sensual sentiment sergeant serial setback sexy shabby shaft shaky shareholder shark shatter shepherd shiny shipment shrewd shrub shutter shuttle sideline sieve signify signpost simplification simplistic simulate simultaneous situate situated sizable skeptical/sceptical skip skull skyline slack slash slaughter slot slum slump smuggle snack snapshot snatch sneak sneaker sniff sober socialize/ise sociologist solemnity solicitor solidarity solo soluble sovereign sovereignty spacious sparkle speciality specialization specialty/speciality specification spectacle spectator spectrum speculation speculative spice spinal spiral sprinkle squad stab stabilize/-ise staircase stalk stall standby standoff staple statesman stationary stereo stern stimulus stipulate stitch stockholder stopwatch straightforward strand stray streamline stricken strive stroll stubborn stumble stump stun sturdy subjective submarine submission subordinate subscribe subscriber subscription subsidiary subsidy subsistence substantive successor sue suffice suite sulfur/sulphur summon superintendent superiority supersonic supervisor supplementary supportive suppress surgical surpass susceptible suspension suspicious swamp swap symmetrical symmetry symphony symposium syndrome synthesis 169tablet taboo tack tactful takeoff tan tangle tanker tariff tease telecom temperament tempo temporal tempt tenant tentative terminate termination terrace terrain terrific terrify terrorism terrorist testify testimony texture thanksgiving thereafter thermal thesis thigh thorn threshold throne tickle tile tilt timely timid tolerant tow toxic tract tragic transcend transcontinental transcribe transient transistor transit transition traverse trench tribe tribunal tribute trigger trillion triple trivial truthful tub tuck tug tuition tumble turbulence turbulent turnout turnover tutorial 73ulcer ultraviolet unanimous unbutton unconditional unconscious underdeveloped underestimate underlying underscore underway undutiful unfold unification unify unilateral unlawful unprecedented unsettle unveil unworkable upcoming update upfront upgrade uphold upside urgency utilization utopia 30vacancy vaccinate vaccine validate validity valve vanilla vegetation vein velocity velvet venerate vent ventilate venue verbal verdict verge versatile verse versus veto vicinity vicious victorious virgin virtuous visibility visionary visulize/-ise vocal vocational void vouch vow vulgar vulnerable 37wardrobe warehouse warfare warrant wasteful wasteland watchdog watertight watt weary wedge weightlifting wellbeing well-off whereby whirl wholeness wholesale withhold wording wreckage wrench wretched 23yatch Y ankee 2 zigzag zoological zinc 31 ZYXQJKU2 VWNOL3 FGITHMBDER4 CPSA。

大学英语课程教学要求（试行）参考词汇表（1－4级）（4607个）Aa art. 一(个);每一(个)abandon vt. 丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n. 能力;能耐,本领able a. 有能力的;出色的abnormal a. 不正常的;变态的aboard ad. 在船(车)上;上船about prep. 关于;在…周围above prep.在…上面;高于abroad ad. (在)国外;到处absence n. 缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a. 不在场的;缺乏的absolute a. 绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad. 完全地;绝对地absorb vt. 吸收;使专心abstract a. 抽象的n.摘要abundant a. 丰富的;大量的abuse vt. 滥用;虐待n. 滥用academic a. 学院的;学术的academy n. 私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt. (使)加快;促进acceleration n. 加速;加速度accent n. 口音,腔调;重音accept vt .vi. 接受;同意acceptable a. 可接受的,合意的acceptance n. 接受,验收;承认access n. 接近;通道,入口accessory n. 同谋,从犯;附件accident n. 意外的;事故accidental a. 偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt. 容纳;供应,供给accommodation n. 招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt. 达到(目的);完成accord vt. 使一致;给予accordance n. 一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad. 因此,所以;照着account n. 记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt. 积累vi. 堆积accuracy n. 准确(性);准确度accurate a. 准确的,正确无误的accuse vt. 指责;归咎于accustom vt. 使习惯accustomed a. 惯常的;习惯的ache vi. 痛;想念n. 疼痛achieve vt. 完成,实现;达到achievement n. 完成;成就,成绩acid n. 酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n. 认识;了解;熟人acquire vt. 取得;获得;学到acre n. 英亩(=6.07亩)across prep. 横过;在…对面act vi. 行动;见效n. 行为action n. 行动;作用;功能active a. 活跃的;积极的activity n. 活动;活力;行动actor n. 男演员;演剧的人actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的;现行的actually ad. 实际上;竟然acute a. 尖的,锐的;敏锐的ad n. 广告adapt vt. 使适应;改编add vt. 添加,附加,掺加addition n. 加,加法;附加物additional a. 附加的,追加的address n. 地址;演说;谈吐adequate a. 足够的;可以胜任的adjective n. 形容词 a. 形容词的adjust vt. 调整,调节;校正administration n. 管理;管理部门admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n. 允许进入;承认admit vt. 承认;准许…进入adopt vt. 收养;采用;采取adult n. 成年人 a. 成年的advance vi. 前进;提高n. 进展advanced a. 先进的;高级的advantage n. 优点,优势;好处adventure n. 冒险;惊险活动adverb n. 副词advertisement n. 广告;公告;登广告advice n. 劝告;忠告;意见advisable n. 明智的;可取的advise vt. 劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n. 飞机affair n. 事情,事件;事务affect vt. 影响;感动affection n. 慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt. 担负得起…;提供afraid a. 害怕的;担心的Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的n . 非洲人after prep. 在…以后;次于afternoon n. 下午,午后afterward ad. 后来,以后again ad. 又一次;而且against prep. 倚在;逆,对着age n. 年龄;时代vt. 变老agency n. 经办;代理;代理处agent n. 代理人,代理商aggressive a. 侵略的;好斗的ago ad. 以前agony n. 极度痛苦agree vi. 同意;持相同意见agreement n. 协定,协议;同意agriculture n. 农业,农艺;农学ahead ad. 在前;向前;提前aid n. 帮助,救护;助手aim vi. 瞄准,针对;致力air n. 空气;空中;外观aircraft n. 飞机,飞行器airline n. 航空公司;航线airplane n. 飞机airport n. 机场,航空站alarm n. 惊恐,忧虑;警报alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇alike a. 同样的,相同的alive a. 活着的;活跃的all a. 全部的prep. 全部allow vt. 允许,准许;任alloy n. 合金;(金属的)成色almost ad. 几乎,差不多alone a. 单独的ad. 单独地along prep. 沿着ad. 向前aloud ad. 出声地,大声地alphabet n. 字母表,字母系统already ad. 早已,已经also ad. 亦,也;而且,还alter vt. 改变,变更;改做alternative n.替换物;取舍,抉择although conj. 尽管,虽然altitude n. 高,高度;高处altogether ad. 完全;总而言之aluminium n. 铝always ad. 总是,一直;永远a.m (缩) 上午,午前amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕ambition n. 雄心,抱负,野心ambulance n. 救护车;野战医院America n. 美洲;美国American a. 美洲的n. 美国人among prep. 在…之中amongst prep 在…之中(=among) amount n. 总数;数量;和ampere n. 安培amplify vt. 放大,增强;扩大amuse vt. 逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse vt. 分析,分解,解析analysis n. 分析,分解,解析ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先anchor n. 锚vi. 抛锚,停泊ancient a. 古代的,古老的and conj. 和,又,并,则angel n. 天使,神差,安琪儿anger n. 怒,愤怒vt. 使发怒angle n. 角,角度angry a. 愤怒的,生气的animal n. 动物,兽 a. 动物的ankle n. 踝,踝节部announce vt. 宣布,宣告,发表announcer n. 宣告者;播音员annoy vt. 使恼怒;打搅annual a. 每年的n. 年报another a. 再一个的;别的answer vt. 回答;响应;适应ant n. 蚂蚁anticipate vt. 预料,预期,期望anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious a. 忧虑的;渴望的any a. 什么,一些;任何的anybody prep. 任何人anyhow ad. 无论如何anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 任何事物;一切anyway ad. 无论如何anywhere ad. 在什么地方apart ad. 相隔;分开;除去apartment n. 一套公寓房间apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪,认错apology n. 道歉,认错,谢罪apparatus n. 器械,仪器;器官apparent a. 表面上的;明显的appeal vi.& n. 呼吁;申述appear vi. 出现;来到;似乎appearance n. 出现,来到;外观appetite n. 食欲,胃口;欲望apple n. 苹果,苹果树appliance n. 用具,器具,器械applicable a. 能应用的;适当的application n. 请求,申请;施用apply vt. 应用,实施,使用appoint vt. 任命,委任;约定appointment n. 任命;约定,约会appreciate vt. 欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt. 向…靠近n. 靠近appropriate a. 适当的,恰当的approval n. 赞成,同意;批准approve vt. 赞成,称许;批准approximate a. 近似的vt.近似approximately ad. 近似地,大约April n. 四月Arabian a. 阿拉伯的arbitrary a. 随心所欲的;专断的architecture n. 建筑学;建筑式样area n. 面积;地区;领域argue vi. 争论,争辩,辩论argument n. 争论,辩论;理由arise vi. 出现;由…引起arithmetic n. 算术,四则运算arm n. 臂;臂状物;武器army n. 军队;陆军around prep. 在…周围arouse vt. 引起,唤起;唤醒arrange vt. 筹备;整理;调解arrangement n. 整理,排列;安排arrest vt. 逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n. 到达;到来;到达者arrive vi. 到达;来临;达到arrow n. 箭;箭状物art n. 艺术,美术;技术article n. 文章;条款;物品artificial a. 人工的;娇揉造作的artist n. 艺术家,美术家artistic a. 艺术的;艺术家的as conj. 当…的时候ash n. 灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a. 惭愧(的);羞耻(的)Asia n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的n. 亚洲人aside ad. 在旁边,到旁边ask vt. 问;要求;邀请asleep a. 睡着的,睡熟的aspect n. 方面;样子,外表assemble vt. 集合,召集;装配assembly n. 集合;集会;装配assess vt. 对(财产等)估价assign vt. 指派;分配;指定assignment n. 任务,指定的作业assist vt. 援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n. 助手,助理;助教associate vi. 交往n. 伙伴,同事association n. 协会,团体;联合assume vt. 假定;承担;呈现assure vt. 使确信;向…保证astonish vt. 使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n. 宇宙航行员,宇航员at prep. 在…里;在…时athlete n. 运动员;田径运动员Atlantic a. 大西洋的n. 大西洋atmosphere n. 大气;空气;气氛atmospheric a. 大气的;大气层的atom n. 原子;微粒;微量atomic a. 原子的;原子能的attach vt. 缚,系,贴;附加attack vt. & vi. & n. 攻击,进攻attain vt. 达到,获得,完成attempt vt. 尝试,试图n. 企图attend vt. 出席;照顾,护理attention n. 注意,留心;注意力attentive a. 注意的;有礼貌的attitude n. 态度,看法;姿势attract vt. 吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n. 吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a. 有吸引力的attribute vt. 把…归因于n. 属性audience n. 听众,观众,读者August n. 八月aunt n. 伯母,婶母,姑母aural a. 耳的,听觉的Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian a. 澳大利亚的author n. 作者,作家authority n. 当局,官方;权力auto n. (口语)汽车automatic a. 自动的;机械的automation n. 自动,自动化automobile n. 汽车,机动车autumn n. 秋,秋季auxiliary a. 辅助的;附属的available a. 可利用的;通用的avenue n. 林荫道,道路;大街average n. 平均数 a. 平均的aviation n. 航空,航空学avoid vt. 避免,躲开;撤消await vt. 等候,期待awake a. 醒着的vt. 唤醒award n. 奖,奖品;判定aware a. 知道的,意识到的away ad. 离开,远离;…去awful a. 令人不愉快的awfully ad. 令人畏惧的;很awkward a. 笨拙的;尴尬的ax n. 斧子axis n. 轴,轴线;中心线Bbaby n. 婴儿;孩子气的人back ad. 在后;回原处;回background n. 背景,后景,经历backward a. 向后的;倒的ad. 倒bacteria n. 细菌bad a. 坏的,恶的;严重的badly ad. 坏,差;严重地badminton n. 羽毛球bag n. 袋,包,钱包,背包baggage n. 行李bake vt. 烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt. 使平衡;称n. 天平ball n. 球,球状物;舞会balloon n. 气球,玩具气球banana n. 香蕉;芭蕉属植物band n. 乐队;带;波段bang n. 巨响,枪声;猛击bank n. 银行;库;岩,堤banner n. 旗,旗帜,横幅bar n. 酒吧间;条,杆;栅barber n. 理发师bare a. 赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n. 交易vi. 议价;成交bark n. 吠叫声vi. 吠,叫barn n. 谷仓;牲口棚barrel n. 桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n. 栅栏,屏障;障碍base n. 基础,底层;基地basic a. 基本的,基础的basically ad. 基本上basin n. 盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis n. 基础,根据basket n. 篮,篓,筐basketball n. 篮球;篮球运动bat n. 球拍;短棍;蝙蝠bath n. 浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe vt. 给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom n. 浴室;盥洗室battery n. 电池;一套,一组battle n. 战役;斗争vi. 作战bay n. 湾;山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩) 公元前be aux. v. & vi. 是,在,做beach n. 海滩,湖滩,河滩beam n. 梁;横梁;束,柱bean n. 豆,蚕豆bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人bear vt. 容忍;负担;生育beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子beast n. 兽,野兽;牲畜beat vt. & vi. 打,敲;打败beautiful a. 美的,美丽的beauty n. 美,美丽;美人because conj. 由于,因为become vi. 变成;成为,变得bed n. 床,床位;圃;河床bee n. 蜂,密蜂;忙碌的人beef n. 牛肉;菜牛beer n. 啤酒before prep. 在…以前;向…beg vt. & vi. 乞求;请求beggar n. 乞丐,穷人begin vi. 开始vt. 开始beginner n. 初学者,生手beginning n. 开始,开端;起源behalf n. 利益,维护,支持behave vi. 表现,举止;运转behavior n. 行为,举止,态度behind prep. 在…后面being n. 存在;生物;生命belief n. 信任,相信;信念believe vt. 相信;认为bell n. 钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong vi. 属于,附属beloved a. 为…的爱的n. 爱人below prep. 在…下面(以下)belt n. 带,腰带;皮带;区bench n. 长凳,条凳;工作台bend vt. 使弯曲vi. 弯曲beneath prep. 在…下方beneficial a. 有利的,有益的benefit n. 利益;恩惠;津贴berry n. 浆果(如草莓等)beside prep. 在…旁边besides ad. 而且prep. 除…之外best a. 最好的;最大的bet vt. & vi.& n. 打赌betray vt. 背叛;辜负;泄漏better a. 较好的ad. 更好地between prep. 在…中间beyond prep. 在…的那边Bible n. 基督教《圣经》bicycle n. 自行车,脚踏车big a. 大的,巨大的bike n. 自行车vi. 骑自行车bill n. 账单;招贴;票据billion num. 万亿(英)bind vt. 捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n. 生物学;生态学bird n. 鸟,禽birth n. 分娩,出生;出身birthday n. 生日,诞生的日期biscuit n. (英)饼干;(美)软饼bit n. 一点,一些,小片bite vt. 咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a. 痛苦的;严寒的bitterly ad. 苦苦地;悲痛地black a. 黑色的;黑暗的blackboard n. 黑板blade n. 刀刃,刀片;叶片blame vt. 责备,把…归咎于blank a. 空白的n. 空白blanket n. 毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n. 爆炸,冲击波vt. 炸blaze n. 火;闪光vi. 燃烧bleed vi. 出血,流血;泌脂blend vt. & vi.& n. 混和bless vt. 为…祝福blind a. 瞎的;盲目的block n. 街区vt. 堵塞,拦阻blood n. 血,血液;血统bloom n. 花;开花,开花期blossom n. 花,开花vi. 开花blow vi. 吹,吹动;吹响blue a. 蓝色的n. 蓝色board n. 板vt. 上(船,车等) boast vi. 自夸vt. 吹嘘boat n. 小船,艇;渔船body n. 身体;主体;尸体boil vi. 沸腾;汽化vt. 煮沸bold a. 大胆的;冒失的bolt n. 螺栓;插销vt. 闩门bomb n. 炸弹vt. 轰炸bond n. 联结,联系;公债bone n. 骨,骨骼book n. 书,书籍vt. 预定boot n. 靴子,长统靴booth n. 货摊;公用电话亭border n. 边,边缘;边界bore vt. 使厌烦;钻,挖born a. 天生的;出生的borrow vt. 借,借用,借人bosom n. 胸,胸部;内心boss n. 老板,上司vt. 指挥both pron. 两者(都)bother vt. 烦扰,迷惑n. 麻烦bottle n. 瓶,酒瓶;一瓶bottom n. 底,底部,根基bough n. 树枝bounce vi. 反跳,弹起;跳起bound a. 一定的;有义务的boundary n. 分界线,办界bow n. 弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl n. 碗,钵;碗状物box n. 箱,盒;包箱box vi. 拳击,打拳boy n. 男孩,少年;家伙brain n. 脑,脑髓;脑力brake n. 闸,刹车vi. 制动branch n. 树枝;分部;分科brand n. 商品;烙印vt. 铭刻brandy n. 白兰地酒brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器brave a. 勇敢的,华丽的bread n. 面包;食物,粮食breadth n. 宽度,幅度;幅面break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏breakfast n. 早饭,早餐breast n. 乳房;胸脯,胸膛breath n. 气息,呼吸;气味breathe vi. 呼吸vt. 呼吸breed n. 品种vt. 使繁殖breeze n. 微风,和风brick n. 砖,砖块;砖状物bridge n. 桥,桥梁;桥牌brief a. 简短的;短暂的bright a. 明亮的;聪明的brighten vt. 使发光;使快活brilliant a. 光辉的;卓越的brim n. 边,边缘;帽沿bring vt. 带来;引出;促使brisk a. 活泼的;清新的bristle n. 短而硬的毛;鬃毛Britain n. 不列颠,英国British a. 不列颠的,英联邦的brittle a. 脆的;易损坏的broad a. 宽的,阔的;广泛的broadcast n. 广播,播音broken a. 被打碎的,骨折的bronze n. 青铜;青铜制品brood n. 同窝幼鸟vt. 孵(蛋) brook n. 小河,溪流broom n. 扫帚brother n. 兄弟;同事,同胞brow n. 额;眉,眉毛brown n. 褐色,棕色bruise n. 青肿,伤痕;擦伤brush n. 刷子,毛刷;画笔brute n. 禽兽,畜生bubble n. 泡vi. 冒泡,沸腾bucket n. 水桶;吊桶;铲斗bud n. 芽,萌芽;蓓蕾build vt. 建筑;建立;创立building n. 建筑物,大楼;建筑bulb n. 电灯泡;球状物bulk n. 物体,容积,大批bull n. 公牛;雄的象bullet n. 枪弹,子弹,弹丸bunch n. 束,球,串;一群bundle n. 捆,包,束;包袱burden n. 担子,重担;装载量bureau n. 局,司,处;社,所burn vi. 烧,燃烧n. 烧伤burst vt. 使爆裂vi.& n. 爆炸bury vt. 埋葬,葬;埋藏bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木,灌木丛,矮树business n. 商业,生意;事务busy a. 忙的,繁忙的but conj. 但是,可是butcher n. 屠夫;屠杀者butter n. 黄油;奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶button n. 扣子;按钮vt. 扣紧buy vt. 买,购买vi. 买by prep. 在…旁;被,由Ccabbage n. 洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n. 小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n. 橱,柜;内阁cable n. 缆,索;电缆;电报cafe n. 咖啡馆;小餐厅cafeteria n. 自助食堂cage n. 笼;鸟笼,囚笼cake n. 饼,糕,蛋糕calculate vt. 计算;估计;计划calculation n. 计算,计算结果calculator n. 计算器,计算者calendar n. 日历,历书;历法call vt. 把…叫做;叫,喊calm a. 静的,平静的camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机,摄影机camp n. 野营,营地,兵营campaign n. 战役;运动campus n. 校园,学校场地can aux. v. 能,会,可能can n. 罐头,听头;容器Canada n. 加拿大Canadian a. 加拿大的canal n. 运河;沟渠;管cancel vt. 取消,撤消;删去cancer n. 癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate n. 候选人;投考者candle n. 蜡烛;烛形物;烛光candy n. 糖果;砂糖结晶cannon n. 大炮,火炮;榴弹炮canoe n. 独木舟,皮艇,划子canteen n. 小卖部;临时餐室canvas n. 粗帆布;一块油画布cap n. 帽子,便帽;帽状物capable a. 有能力的,有才能的capacity n. 容量;能力;能量capital n. 资本,资金;首都captain n. 陆军上尉;队长captive n. 俘虏,被监禁的人capture vt. 捕获,俘获;夺得car n. 汽车,小汽车,轿车carbon n. 碳card n. 卡,卡片,名片care vi. 关心,介意n. 小心career n. 生涯,职业,经历careful a. 仔细的;细致的careless a. 粗心的,漫不经心的cargo n. 船货,货物carpenter n. 木工,木匠carpet n. 地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n. 客车厢;四轮马车carrier n. 运输工具;运载工具carrot n. 胡罗卜carry vt. 携带;运载;传送cart n. 二轮运货马车carve vt. 刻,雕刻;切开case n. 情况;事实;病例case n. 箱(子),盒(子),套cash n. 现金,现款cassette n. 盒式录音带;盒子cast vt. 投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n. 城堡;巨大建筑物casual a. 偶然的;随便的cat n. 猫,猫科,猫皮catalog n. 目录,目录册catch vt. 捉住;赶上;领会cathedral n. 总教堂;大教堂cattle n. 牛;牲口,家畜cause n. 原因,理由;事业cave n. 山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease vi. & vi.& n. 停止,停息ceiling n. 天花板,顶蓬celebrate vt. 庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n. 细胞;小房间cellar n. 地窑,地下室cement n. 水泥;胶泥vt. 粘结cent n. 分;分币;百centigrade a. 百分度的centimetre n. 公分,厘米central a. 中心的;主要的centre n. 中心;中枢vt. 集中century n. 世纪,百年ceremony n. 典礼,仪式;礼节certain a. 确实的;肯定的certainly ad. 一定,必定;当然certainty n. 必然;肯定certificate n. 证书,证件,执照chain n. 链,链条,项圈chair n. 椅子;主席chairman n. 主席;议长,会长chalk n. 白垩;粉笔challenge n. 挑战;要求,需要chamber n. 会议室;房间;腔champion n. 冠军,得胜者chance n. 机会,机遇;可能性change n. 改变,变化;零钱channel n. 海峡;渠道;频道chapter n. 章,回,篇character n. 性格;特性;角色characteristic a. 特有的n. 特性charge vt. 索价;控告n. 费用charity n. 施舍;慈善事业charming a. 迷人的,可爱的chart n. 图,图表;海图chase n. 追逐,追赶,追求cheap a. 廉价的;劣质的cheat vt. 骗取;哄vi. 行骗check vt. 检查;制止n. 检查cheek n. 面颊,脸蛋cheer vt. 使振作;欢呼cheerful a. 快乐的,愉快的cheese n. 乳酪,干酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学制品chemist n. 化学家;药剂师chemistry n. 化学cheque n. 支票cherry n. 樱桃;樱桃树chess n. 棋;国际象棋chest n. 胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew vt. 咀嚼,嚼碎chicken n. 小鸡,小鸟;鸡肉chief a. 主要的;首席的child n. 小孩,儿童;儿子childhood n. 童年,幼年;早期childish a. 孩子的;幼稚的chill vt. 使变冷n. 寒冷chimney n. 烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n. 颏,下巴China n. 中国china n. 瓷器,瓷料Chinese a. 中国的n.中国人chocolate n. 巧克力;巧克力糖choice n. 选择,抉择choke vt. 使窒息;塞满choose vt. 选择,挑选;情愿chop vt. 砍,劈;切细vi. 砍Christian n. 基督教徒;信徒Christmas n. 圣诞节church n. 教堂,礼拜堂;教会cigarette n. 香烟,纸烟,卷烟cinema n. 电影院;电影,影片circle n. 圆,圆周;圈子circuit n. 电路;环行;巡行circular a. 圆的;循环的circulate vt. 使循环vi. 循环circumference n. 圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n. 情况,条件;境遇citizen n. 公民;市民,居民city n. 城市,都市civil a. 公民的;文职的civilization n. 文明,文化;开化civilize vt. 使文明;教育claim vt. 声称,主张;索取clap vi. 拍手vt. 拍,轻拍clarify vt. 澄清,阐明clasp n. 扣子,钩子;别针class n. 班,班级;阶级classical a. 古典的;经典的classification n. 分类;分级;分类法classify vt. 把…分类classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室,课堂claw n. 爪,脚爪,螯clay n. 粘土,泥土;肉体clean a. 清洁的;纯洁的clear a. 清晰的vt. 清除clearly ad. 明白地,清晰地clerk n. 店员;办事员,职员clever a. 聪明的;机敏的cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁climate n. 气候;风土,地带climb vi. 攀登,爬vt. 爬cloak n. 斗篷;覆盖(物)clock n. 钟,仪表close vt. 关,闭;结束closely ad. 紧密地,接近地cloth n. 布;衣料;桌布clothe vt. 给…穿衣服clothes n. 衣服,服装;被褥clothing n. 衣服,被褥cloud n. 云;云状物;阴影cloudy a. 多云的;云一般的club n. 俱乐部,夜总会clue n. 线索,暗示,提示clumsy a. 笨拙的;愚笨的coach n. 长途公共汽车coal n. 煤,煤块coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的coast n. 海岸,海滨(地区)coat n. 外套,上衣;表皮cock n. 公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n. 准则;法典;代码coffee n. 咖啡,咖啡茶coil n. (一)卷;线圈vt. 卷coin n. 硬币;铸造(硬币)cold a. 冷的;冷淡的n. 冷collapse vi. 倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n. 衣领,项圈colleague n. 同事,同僚collect vt. 收集vi. 收款collection n. 搜集,收集;收藏品collective a. 集体的;集合性的college n. 学院;大学collision n. 碰撞;冲突colonel n. 陆军上校;美空军上校colony n. 殖民地;侨居地color n. 颜色,彩色;颜料column n. 柱,支柱,圆柱comb n. 梳子vt. 梳理combination n. 结合,联合;化合combine vt. 使结合;兼有come vi. 来,来到;出现comfort n. 舒适;安慰vt. 安慰comfortable a. 舒适的,安慰的command vt. 命令,指挥;控制commander n. 司令官,指挥员comment n. 评论,意见;注释commerce n. 商业,贸易;社交commercial a. 商业的;商品化的commission n. 委任状;委员会commit vt. 犯(错误);干(坏事) committee n. 委员会;全体委员common a. 普通的;共同的commonly ad. 普通地,一般地communicate vi. 通讯;传达;传播communication n. 通讯;传达;交通communism n. 共产主义communist n. 共产党员community n. 社区;社会;公社companion n. 同伴;共事者;伴侣company n. 公司,商号;同伴comparative a. 比较的,相对的compare vt. 比较,对照;比作comparison n. 比较,对照;比似compass n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt. 强迫,迫使屈服compete vi. 比赛;竞争;对抗competent a. 有能力的;应该做的competition n. 竞争,比赛compile vt. 编辑,编制,搜集complain vi. 抱怨,拆苦;控告complaint n. 抱怨;怨言;控告complete a. 完整的;完成的completely ad. 十分,完全地complex a. 结合的;复杂的complicate vt. 使复杂;使陷入complicated a. 复杂的,难懂的component n. 组成部分;分;组件compose vt. 组成,构成;创作composition n. 构成;作品;写作compound n. 化合物;复合词comprehension n. 理解,理解力;领悟comprehensive a. 广泛的;理解的compress vt. 压紧,压缩comprise vt. 包含,包括;构成compromise n. 妥协,和解compute vt. 计算,估计,估算computer n. 计算机,电脑comrade n. 同志,亲密的同伴conceal vt. 把…隐藏起来concentrate vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n. 集中;专注;浓缩concept n. 概念,观念,设想concern n. 关心,挂念;关系concerning prep. 关于concert n. 音乐会,演奏会conclude vt. 推断出;结束conclusion n. 结论,推论;结尾concrete n. 混凝土;具体物condemn vt. 谴责,指责;判刑condense vt. 压缩,使缩短condition n. 状况,状态;环境conduct n. 举止,行为;指导conductor n. 售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n. 会议,讨论会confess vt. 供认,承认;坦白confidence n. 信任;信赖;信心confident n. 确信的,自信的confine vt. 限制;禁闭confirm vt. 证实,肯定;批准conflict n. 争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt. 使混乱,混淆confusion n. 混乱;骚乱;混淆congratulate vt. 祝贺,向…道喜congratulation n. 祝贺;祝贺词congress n. 大会;国会,议会conjunction n. 接合,连接;连接词connect vt. 连接,连结;联系connection n. 连接,联系;连贯性conquer vt. 征服,战胜;破除conquest n. 攻取,征服;克服conscience n. 良心,道德心conscious a. 意识到的;有意的consciousness n. 意识,觉悟;知觉consent n. 同意,赞成vi. 同意consequence n. 结果,后果consequently ad. 因此,因而,所以conservation n. 保存,保护;守恒conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人consider vt. 认为;考虑;关心considerable a. 相当大的;重要的considerate a. 考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n. 考虑,思考;体贴consist vi. 由…组成;在于consistent a. 坚持的,一贯的constant a. 经常的;永恒的constitution n. 章程;体质;构造construct vt. 建造;建设;构筑construction n. 建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt. 请教,查阅consume vt. 消耗,消费;消灭consumption n. 消耗量;消耗contact vt. 使接触;与…联系contain vt. 包含,容纳;等于container n. 容器;集装箱contemporary a. 当代的,同时代的contempt n. 轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n. 内容,目录;容量content a. 满意的,满足的contest vt. 争夺,争取;辩驳continent n. 大陆;陆地;洲continual a. 不断的;连续的continue vt. 继续,连续;延伸continuous a. 连续不断的,持续的contract n. 契约,合同;婚约contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a. 相反的n. 相反contrast n. 对比,对照,悬殊contribute vt. 捐献,捐助;投稿control vt. 控制,克制n. 控制convenience n. 便利,方便;厕所convenient a. 便利的;近便的convention n. 习俗,惯例;公约conventional a. 普通的;习惯的conversation n. 会话,非正式会谈conversely ad. 相反地conversion n. 转变,转化;改变convert vt. 使转变;使改变convey vt. 传送;运送;传播convince vt. 使确信,使信服cook vt. 烹调,煮vt. 烧菜cool a. 凉的,冷静的cooperate vi. 合作,协作;配合coordinate vt. 使协调,调节cope vi. 对付,应付copper n. 铜;铜币,铜制器copy n. 抄件vt. 抄写,复制cord n. 细绳,粗线,索cordial a. 真诚的,诚恳的core n. 果实的心,核心corn n. 谷物;(英)小麦corner n. 角;犄角;边远地区corporation n. 公司,企业;社团correct a. 正确的vt. 纠正correction n. 改正,纠正,修改correspond vi. 相符合;相当correspondent n. 通信者;通讯员corresponding a. 相应的;符合的corridor n. 走廊,回廊,通路cost n. 价格,代价;成本costly a. 昂贵的;价值高的cottage n. 村舍,小屋cotton n. 棉;棉线;棉布cough vi. 咳,咳嗽n. 咳嗽could aux.v. (can的过去式) council n. 理事会,委员会count vt. 计算vi. 数,计数counter n. 柜台;计数器country n. 国家,国土;农村countryside n. 乡下,农村county n. 英国的郡,美国的县couple n. 夫妇;(一)对;几个courage n. 勇气,胆量,胆识course n. 课程;过程;一道菜court n. 法院,法庭;庭院cousin n. 堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹) cover vt. 盖,包括n. 盖子cow n. 母牛,奶牛;母兽coward n. 懦夫;胆怯者crack n. 裂缝,裂纹vi. 爆裂craft n. 工艺;手艺,行业crane n. 起重机,摄影升降机crash vi. 碰撞,坠落n. 碰撞crawl vi. 爬,爬行crazy a. 疯狂的,荒唐的cream n. 奶油,乳脂;奶油色create vt. 创造;引起,产生creative a. 创造性的,创作的creature n. 生物,动物,家畜credit n. 信用贷款;信用creep vi. 爬行;缓慢地行进crew n. 全体船员cricket n. 板球;蟋蟀crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪criminal n. 犯人,罪犯,刑事犯cripple n. 跛子;残废的人crisis n. 危机;存亡之际critic n. 批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a. 决定性的;批评的criticism n. 批评;批判;评论criticize vt. 批评;评论;非难crop n. 农作物,庄稼;一熟cross vt. 穿过;使交叉crow n. 鸦,乌鸦vi. 啼crowd n. 群;大众;一伙人crown n. 王冠,冕;花冠crude a. 简陋的;天然的cruel a. 残忍的,残酷的crush vt. 压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n. 面包皮;硬外皮cry vi. 哭,哭泣;叫喊crystal n. 水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n. 立方形;立方cubic a. 立方形的;立方的cucumber n. 黄瓜cultivate vt. 耕;种植;培养culture n. 文化,文明;教养cunning a. 狡猾的,狡诈的cup n. 杯子;(一)杯;奖杯cupboard n. 碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt. 医治;消除n. 治愈curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a. 好奇的;稀奇古怪的curl n. 卷毛;螺旋vi. 卷曲current a. 当前的;通用的curse n. 诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n. 帘,窗帘;幕(布)curve n. 曲线;弯vt. 弄弯cushion n. 垫子,坐垫,靠垫custom n. 习惯,风俗;海关customer n. 顾客,主顾cut vt. 切,割,剪;减少cycle n 自行车,循环Ddaily a. 每日的n. 日报dairy n. 牛奶场;乳制品dam n. 水坝,水堤;障碍物damage vt. 损害,毁坏n. 损害damp a. 潮湿的,有湿气的dance vi. 跳舞;摇晃n. 舞danger n. 危险;危险事物dangerous a. 危险的,不安全的dare vt.& aux.v. 敢;竟敢daring a. 大胆的,勇敢的dark a. 暗的;黑色的darling n. 亲爱的人;宠儿dash vt. 使猛撞;溅n. 猛冲data n. 数据; 资料date n. 日期vt. 注…日期daughter n. 女儿dawn n. 黎明;开端vi. 破晓day n (一)天,白昼,白天daylight n. 白昼,日光;黎明dead a. 死的,无生命的deadly a. 致命的,死一般的deaf a. 聋的;不愿听的deal n. 买卖;待遇vt. 给予dear a. 亲爱的int. 啊death n. 死,死亡;灭亡debate n.& vi. 争论,辩论debt n. 债,债务,欠债decade n. 十年,十年期decay vi. 腐烂;衰败n. 腐烂deceit n. 欺骗,欺诈deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗December n. 十二月decent a. 正派的;体面的decide vt. 决定,决心;解决decision n. 决定,决心;果断deck n. 甲板;舱面;层面declare vt. 断言;声明;表明decorate vt. 装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi.& n. 减少,减少deduce vt. 演绎,推论,推断deed n. 行为;功绩;契约deep a. 深的;纵深的deepen vt. 加深vi. 深化deer n. 鹿defeat vt. 战胜,击败;挫败defect n. 缺点,缺陷,欠缺defence n. 防御;防务;辩护defend vt. 保卫,防守define vt. 给…下定义;限定definite a. 明确的;肯定的definitely ad. 一定地,明确地definition n. 定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delay vt. 推迟;耽搁;延误delete vt. 删除;擦掉delegation n. 代表团delicate a. 纤细的;易碎的delicious a. 美味的,怡人的delight n. 快乐vt. 使高兴deliver vt. 投递,送交;发表delivery n. 投递;交付;分娩demand vt. 要求;需要;询问democracy n. 民主,民主制democratic a. 民主的,民主政体的demonstrate vt. 说明;论证;表露dense a. 密集的;浓厚的density n. 密集,稠密;密度deny vt. 否定;拒绝相信depart vi. 离开,起程;出发department n. 部,司,局,处,系departure n. 离开,出发,起程depend vi. 依靠,依赖;相信dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的deposit vt. 使沉淀;存放depress vt. 使沮丧;按下depth n. 深度;深厚;深处derive vt. 取得vi. 起源descend vi. 下来,下降;下倾describe vt. 形容;描写,描绘description n. 描写,形容;种类desert n. 沙漠vt. 离弃;擅离deserve vt. 应受,值得design vt. 设计n. 设计;图样desirable a. 值得相望的;可取的desire vt. 相望;要求n. 愿望desk n. 书桌,办公桌despair n. 绝望vi.绝望desperate a. 拼死的;绝望的despise vt. 鄙视,蔑视despite prep. 不管,不顾destination n. 目的地,终点;目标destroy vt. 破坏;消灭;打破destruction n. 破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n. 细节;枝节;零件detect vt. 察觉,发觉;侦察detection n. 察觉,发觉;侦察determination n. 决心;决定;确定determine vt. 决定;查明;决心develop vt. 发展;形成;开发development n. 发展;开发;生长device n. 器械,装置;设计devil n. 魔鬼,恶魔devise vt. 设计,发明devote vt. 将…奉献,致力于dew n. 露,露水diagram n. 图解,图表,简图dial n. 钟面;拨号盘vt. 拨dialect n. 方言,土语,地方话dialog n. 对话,对白diameter n. 直径diamond n. 金钢石,钻石;菱形diary n. 日记,日记簿dictate vt.& vi. 口授;命令dictation n. 口授笔录,听写dictionary n. 词典,字典die vi. 死,死亡;灭亡differ vi. 不同,相异difference n. 差别;差;分歧different a. 差异的;各种的difficult a. 困难的;难对付的difficulty a. 困难;难事;困境dig vt. 掘,挖;采掘digest vt. 消化;领会n. 文摘digital a. 数字的,计数的diligent a. 勤勉的,勤奋的dim a. 昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n. 尺寸,尺度;面积dinner n. 正餐,主餐;宴会dip vt. 浸,蘸vi. 浸一浸direct a. 直接的;直率的direction n. 方向,方位;指导directly ad. 直接地;立即director n. 指导者;理事;导演dirt n. 尘,土;污物,污垢dirty a. 脏的;下流的disable vt. 使无能,使伤残disadvantage n. 不利,不利地位disagree vi. 有分歧;不一致disappear vi. 不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt. 使失望,使受挫折disaster n. 灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n. 圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt. 丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt. 释放;排出n. 释放discipline n. 纪律;训练vt. 训练disclose vt. 揭开,揭发;透露discourage vt. 使泄气,使灰心discover vt. 发现;暴露,显示discovery n. 发现;被发现的事物discuss vt. 讨论,谈论;论述discussion n. 讨论,谈论;论述disease n. 病,疾病;病害disguise vi. 隐瞒,掩埋n. 假装disgust n. 厌恶,憎恶dish n. 碟,盘子;菜肴dishonour n. 不光彩;丢脸的人dislike vt.& n. 不喜爱,厌恶dismiss vt. 不再考虑;解雇disorder n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt. 陈列,展览;显示disposal n. 丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi. 去掉,丢掉;销毁displease vt. 使不愉快,使生气dispute vi. 争论,争执n. 争论dissatisfy vi. 使不满,使不平dissolve vt. 使溶解;解散distance n. 距离,间距;远处distant a. 在远处的,疏远的distinct a. 与其他不同的distinction n. 差别,不同,区分distinguish vt. 区别,辨别,认别distress n. 忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt. 分发,分送;分布distribution n. 分发,分配;分布district n. 区;地区,区域disturb vt. 打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n. 沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi. 跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a. 不一样的,相异的divide vt. 分;分配;分开division n. 分,分配;除法divorce n. 离婚,离异vi. 离婚do aux.v. vt. 做,干,办dock n. 船坞;码头;船厂doctor n. 医生,医师;博士document n. 公文,文件;证件dog n. 狗,犬,犬科动物dollar n. 元(货币单位)domestic a. 本国的;家庭的donkey n. 驴;笨蛋door n. 门,通道;一家dorm n. 宿舍dormitory n. 集体寝室;宿舍dose n. 剂量,用量;一剂dot n. 点,圆点vt. 打点于double a. 两倍的;双的doubt n. 怀疑;疑虑vt. 怀疑doubtful a. 难以预测的;怀疑的doubtless ad. 无疑地;很可能down ad. 向下,在下面downstairs ad. 在楼下 a. 楼下的downward a. 向下的ad. 向下地dozen n. 一打,十二个draft n. 草稿;汇票vt. 起草drag vt. 拖,拉;拖曳dragon n. 龙;凶暴的人drain vt. 排去;放水n. 耗竭drama n. 一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a. 引人注目的,戏剧的draw vt. 画,划;拖;拨出drawer n. 抽屉drawing n. 图画,素描;绘图dread n. 畏惧;恐怖vt. 惧怕dream n. 梦;梦想vi. 做梦dress n. 女服,童装;服装drift vi. 漂流,漂泊n. 漂流drill n. 钻头;操练vi. 钻孔drink vt. 饮vi. 喝n. 饮料drip vi. 滴下;漏水n. 水滴drive vt. 驾驶;打入;驱driver n. 驾驶员,司机drop vt. 使落下;降低drought n. 旱灾,干旱drown vi. 淹死,溺死drug n. 药,药物,药材drum n. 鼓;鼓状物,圆桶drunk a. 醉的;陶醉的dry a. 干的,干燥的duck n. 鸭,雌鸭;鸭肉due a. 预期的;应给的dull a. 枯燥的;不鲜明的dumb a. 哑的;无言的dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a .耐久的,耐用的duration n. 持续,持久during prep. 在…期间dusk n. 薄暮,黄昏,幽暗dust n. 尘土,灰尘duty n. 职责;责任;税dwelling n. 住处,寓所dye vt. 染n. 染料;染色dying a. 垂死的;临终的dynamic a. 有活力的;动力的Eeach pron. 各,各自 a. 各eager a. 渴望的,热切的eagle n. 鹰ear n. 耳朵;听力,听觉early ad. 早 a. 早的,早期的earn vt. 赚得,挣得;获得earnest a. 认真的,诚恳的earth n. 地球;陆地,地面earthquake n. 地震;大震荡ease n. 容易,舒适vt. 缓和easily ad. 容易地;舒适的east n. 东;东部ad. 在东方eastern a. 东方的;朝东的easy a. 容易的;安逸的eat vt. 吃,喝vi. 吃饭echo n. 回声,反响vi. 重复economic a. 经济的,经济学的economical a. 节约的;经济学的economy n. 经济;节约,节省edge n. 边缘,边;刀口edition n. 版,版本,版次editor n. 编辑,编者,校订者educate vt. 教育;培养;训练education n. 教育;训导;教育学effect n. 结果;效果,效力effective a. 有效的;有影响的。

大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表随着全球化的发展和国际交流的增加，学习英语已经成为现代教育的重要组成部分。

为了确保学生在大学期间能够有效地学习和使用英语，各个国家和地区都制定了相应的大学英语教学大纲。

这些大纲通常包含了一份通用的词汇表，以帮助学生掌握必备的英语词汇。

大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表是基于语言学习和教学的原则和方法，经过研究和实践总结而成的。

它包含了学生在大学英语学习过程中需要掌握的核心词汇，涵盖了各个语言技能的要求，如听力、口语、阅读和写作。

这些词汇被认为是学生进行学术交流和研究所必备的基础。

大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表的编制过程通常经历了多个阶段。

首先，教育部门或相关机构会组织一批专家进行研究和讨论，以确定词汇表的范围和内容。

然后，这些专家会收集和整理现有的英语词汇表，并结合学生的需求和实际情况进行修订和完善。

最后，经过多次审查和验证，最终确定并发布大纲通用词汇表。

大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表的内容通常包括四个主要方面：常用词汇、学科词汇、学术词汇和专业词汇。

常用词汇是学生在日常生活和交流中经常使用的词汇，如数字、时间、颜色、家庭等。

学科词汇则是与学生所学专业相关的词汇，如计算机、经济、医学等。

学术词汇则是学生在学术研究和写作中常用的词汇，如论文、研究方法、实验结果等。

最后，专业词汇则是学生在特定专业领域中需要掌握的词汇，如法律、工程、艺术等。

大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表的使用对学生的英语学习和应用具有重要的指导作用。

首先，它提供了一个系统和全面的词汇学习框架，帮助学生有条理地进行词汇的学习和记忆。

其次，它能够帮助学生提高语言技能，尤其是听力和阅读能力，因为这些技能的核心在于对词汇的理解和运用。

此外，它还可以帮助学生扩大词汇量，提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性。

然而，大学英语教学大纲通用词汇表并不是学生学习英语的终点，而是一个起点。

学生在掌握了大纲中的词汇后，还需要进一步拓展和应用，以满足不同的学习和交流需求。

新标准大学英语1词汇手册概述本文档旨在为研究新标准大学英语1课程的学生提供一份词汇手册，以帮助他们更好地掌握和记忆相关词汇。

以下是根据课程内容整理的一些重要词汇和短语。

单词列表- acquire: 获得- adapt: 适应- analyze: 分析- approach: 方法，途径- attitude: 态度- behavior: 行为- concept: 概念- context: 上下文- contribute: 贡献- demonstrate: 展示- emphasize: 强调- enhance: 增强- evaluate: 评估- expand: 扩展- function: 功能- illustrate: 说明- interact: 互动- interpret: 解释- involve: 涉及- motivate: 激励- participate: 参与- potential: 潜力- principle: 原则- promote: 促进- react: 反应- relate: 相关- require: 需要- select: 选择- strategy: 策略- technique: 技巧- theory: 理论- vary: 变化短语列表- be aware of: 意识到- be based on: 基于- be capable of: 能够- be concerned with: 关注，涉及- be familiar with: 熟悉- be responsible for: 负责- be satisfied with: 对...满意- be similar to: 类似于- be skilled in: 擅长- be willing to: 愿意- by means of: 通过- in addition to: 除了...之外- in contrast to: 与...相比- in order to: 为了- in terms of: 就...而言- in the process of: 在...的过程中- on the other hand: 另一方面- take into account: 考虑到结论本文档提供了新标准大学英语1课程中一些重要的词汇和短语，希望能对学生的研究有所帮助。

大学英语教学大纲词汇表(具体)大学英语精读教学大纲《大学英语精读教学大纲》是2014年外语教学与研究出版社出版的图书。

《大学英语精读教学大纲》是2014年外语教学与研究出版社出版的图书，作者是王海华、王立非。

本书主要讲述了大学英语精读教学的内容和目标，以及教学要求和课程评估等内容。

大学英语3教学大纲《大学英语3》教学大纲应由本人根据自身实际情况书写，以下仅供参考，请您根据自身实际情况撰写。

《大学英语3》课程是大学本科非英语专业学生必修的一门公共基础课程。

本课程的教学目标是培养学生具有较强的阅读理解、听力、口语、写作和翻译能力，使他们能用英语进行日常交流和业务活动，同时增强其自主学习和合作学习能力，以适应经济全球化和改革开放对人才培养的需要。

本课程的教学内容主要包括：1.听力：培养学生听懂英语标准语音、语调，听懂日常英语谈话、讲座、报告，听懂英文电影、电视节目的能力。

2.口语：培养学生能用英语进行口头表达，包括问候、介绍、交谈、讨论、演讲、辩论等。

3.阅读：培养学生阅读英语报刊杂志、文献资料的能力，并能理解其主旨和主要信息。

4.写作：培养学生能用英语撰写各种体裁的作文，表达思想，传递信息。

5.翻译：培养学生能用英语进行口译和笔译。

教学方法主要是：课堂教学与自主学习相结合，以学生为中心，以教师为主导，注重培养学生的语言应用能力。

具体包括：课堂讲解、小组活动、自主学习、语言实践、作业布置等。

课程评估主要包括：平时作业、课堂表现、听力测试、口语测试、阅读测试、写作测试、翻译测试等。

本课程的主要特色是：注重英语基础能力的培养，注重学生自主学习能力的培养，注重文化背景知识的传授。

全新大学进阶英语教学大纲《全新大学进阶英语教学大纲》（下称《教学大纲》）是____上海外语教育出版社____于2004年出版的一本教学用书。

该《教学大纲》是继《大学英语教学大纲》（1985年修订本）和《大学英语教学大纲（修订本）》之后，我国第三个大学英语课程教学标准。

大学英语教学指南2020 词汇表全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: College English Teaching Guide 2020 VocabularyIntroduction:College English Teaching Guide 2020 Vocabulary is a comprehensive collection of essential words and phrases designed to enhance students' language proficiency and communication skills. This vocabulary guide covers a wide range of topics and themes, providing students with the necessary tools to succeed in their college English courses and beyond. By studying and mastering the words and phrases in this guide, students can improve their reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills, ultimately becoming more confident and fluent English speakers.Key Features:- Over 1000 carefully selected words and phrases- Organized by topic for easy reference- Definitions, examples, and usage notes provided for each entry- Exercises and activities to reinforce learning- Audio recordings of pronunciation and usageTopics Covered:- Academic vocabulary- Business English- Technology and science- Social issues and current events- Culture and the artsHow to Use:Students can use the College English Teaching Guide 2020 Vocabulary in a variety of ways to improve their English skills. They can study the words and phrases systematically by topic or focus on specific areas of weakness. In addition, students can practice using the vocabulary in context through writing exercises, discussion groups, and vocabulary games. By incorporating the vocabulary guide into their daily study routine,students can build their vocabulary and improve their overall language proficiency.Conclusion:The College English Teaching Guide 2020 Vocabulary is an invaluable resource for college students seeking to enhance their English language skills. With its comprehensive coverage, clear explanations, and interactive activities, this guide provides students with the tools they need to succeed in their English courses and beyond. By incorporating the vocabulary guide into their study routine, students can build their vocabulary, improve their communication skills, and ultimately achieve academic success.篇2Title: College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020IntroductionIn the field of English language teaching, a comprehensive vocabulary list is essential for both educators and learners. The College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020 aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the vocabulary that students are expected to know and use in college-level English courses. This list covers a wide range of topics and themes, ensuring thatstudents have the necessary vocabulary to communicate effectively and succeed in their studies.Topic-Based VocabularyThe College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020 is organized by topic, making it easier for students to learn and retain new words. Topics include but are not limited to:- Academic vocabulary: words and phrases commonly used in academic settings, such as essays, research papers, and presentations.- Everyday vocabulary: words and expressions used in everyday conversations and interactions, including greetings, introductions, and social situations.- Business vocabulary: terms relevant to the business world, such as marketing, finance, and management.- Technology vocabulary: words related to modern technology, including computers, smartphones, and social media.- Environment vocabulary: terms concerning environmental issues, sustainability, and conservation.In addition to these main topics, the vocabulary list also includes subcategories to further refine and expand students' knowledge in specific areas. For example, under the topic of academic vocabulary, subcategories may include writing skills, reading comprehension, and critical thinking.Word Frequency and UsageThe College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020 is based on word frequency studies and corpus analysis, ensuring that the words included are commonly used in both spoken and written English. By focusing on high-frequency words, students can prioritize their learning and focus on vocabulary that is most essential for communication.Furthermore, the vocabulary list provides information on word usage and collocations, helping students understand how words are used in context. For example, learners can see which prepositions or verbs commonly collocate with a specific word, facilitating their understanding and application of the vocabulary in real-world situations.Interactive Learning ResourcesTo support students in their vocabulary acquisition, the College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020 isaccompanied by interactive learning resources, such as online quizzes, flashcards, and exercises. These resources enable students to practice and reinforce their knowledge of the vocabulary, making the learning process more engaging and effective.Additionally, educators can use these interactive resources to create dynamic and interactive lessons that cater to different learning styles and preferences. By incorporating technology into the teaching process, instructors can enhance student engagement and motivation, leading to better retention and application of the vocabulary.ConclusionThe College English Teaching Guide Vocabulary List 2020 serves as a valuable tool for both educators and students, providing a comprehensive guide to the vocabulary needed for college-level English courses. By organizing words by topic, focusing on word frequency and usage, and offering interactive learning resources, this vocabulary list facilitates effective language learning and communication skills development. With the support of this guide, students can expand their vocabulary, enhance their language proficiency, and succeed in their academic and professional endeavors.篇3Title: A Guide to College English Teaching Vocabulary List 2020IntroductionAs educators, it is crucial to equip our students with the necessary vocabulary to succeed in their academic and professional pursuits. In this guide, we have compiled a comprehensive list of essential vocabulary for college English teaching in 2020. This vocabulary list covers a range of topics, from academic writing terminology to everyday conversational phrases, to help students communicate effectively in various contexts.Academic Writing Terminology1. Thesis Statement: A concise statement that summarizes the main point or argument of an essay.2. Argument: A statement supported by evidence to persuade readers of a particular viewpoint.3. Analysis: Breaking down a complex topic into its essential parts for examination and evaluation.4. Synthesis: Combining different ideas to create a new understanding or perspective.5. Citation: A reference to a source of information used to support an argument or claim.6. Paraphrase: Rewriting a passage in one's own words while retaining the original meaning.7. Plagiarism: The act of using someone else's work or ideas without proper attribution.Everyday Conversational Phrases1. How are you? - A common greeting to inquire about someone's well-being.2. Can you help me? - A polite request for assistance.3. What do you think? - Inviting someone's opinion or perspective on a topic.4. I don't understand. - Expressing confusion and seeking clarification.5. Thank you. - A polite way to show appreciation for someone's assistance or kindness.6. Good luck! - An expression of well-wishes for someone's endeavors.ConclusionIn conclusion, this vocabulary list serves as a valuable resource for college English teaching in 2020. By familiarizing themselves with these terms and phrases, students can enhance their communication skills and excel in their academic and professional pursuits. It is essential for educators to integrate these vocabulary items into their teaching practices to support their students' language development and overall success.。