优选测绘专业英语单词unitPpt

Geoscience地球科学informatics信息学monitor监测appreciate增值dwindle缩小explicit清楚的hydrographic survey海道测量practitioner从业者expertise专门技术flexibility适应性incorporation结合coherent一致的demise死亡blur模糊不清visualization可视化pertaining 与·有关系的imagery肖像plotting标图illustrative说明性的entity实体digitize将资料数字化registration注册forestry森林geology地质学geographical地理学infrastructure基础下部组织navigation导航quarterly一年四次的evolve发展cadastre surveing地籍测量sensor传感器manipulate操作state-of-the-art先进的geophysics地球物理学oceanography海洋学retrieval 检索embrace包含geomatics测绘学geodesy大地测量学surveying and maping测绘photogrammetry摄影测量学remote sensing遥感global positioning system GPS satellite positioning卫星定位geographic information system GIS landmanagement土地管理computer graphics计算机图形学Artificial人造的analog类似物chart图标dimensional空间的monument纪念碑permanent monument永久标石monumentation埋石fieldwork野外工作category种类permanent永久的theodolite经纬仪prerequisite先决条件spheroid球状体allowance容差diameter直径equator赤道latitude纬度longitude经度meridian子午线prime meridian本初子午线northing 北距easting东西距gravity field重力场curvature曲率plumb line铅垂线trigonometry三角法plane trigonometry平面三角algebra代数学analytical geometry解析几何chord弦长triangle 三角形spherical球形的sophistication复杂geoid大地水准面trench沟渠tangent相切的backsight后视foresight前视的refraction折射geodetic surveying大地测量plane surveying平面测量control survey控制测量horizontal survey水平测量vertical survey高程测量topographic survey地形测量detail survey碎步测量land survey土地测量route survey路线测量pipe survey管道测量hydrographic survey水道测量marine survey海洋测量mine survey矿山测量Geological survey 地质测量Fundamental基本原理odometer里程表vehicle交通工具revolution革命circumference圆周invar铟瓦nickel镍alloy合金coefficient系数thermal热的tacheometry视距测量stadia视距intercept截取telescope望远镜multiply乘nominal名义上的manufacturer厂商consequence 结果topographic地势resultant合成的terrain地形electromagnetic电磁的visibility能见度infrared红外线的airborne空气传播的particle粒子modulated已调整的distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging精密测距pacing步测distance-measuring error测距误差fixde error 固定误差proportional error比例误差sighting distance视距multiplication constant乘常数addition constant加常数stadia视距standard field of length长度标准检定场nominal accuracy 标称精度stadia hair视距丝stadia interval视距间隔Perpendicular垂直的intersect横断projection投影zenith天顶celestial sphere天球radius半径clinometer测角仪sextant六分仪protractor量角器clockwise顺时针方向（counter）sexagesimal system六十分制commence开始bisect切成两份clamp夹子encoder编码器spindle轴crystal水晶diode二极管pendulum钟摆compensator补偿器provision供应indexing 指标initialize初始化azimuth方位bearing方向quadrant象限horizontal angle水平角vertical angle垂直角depression angle俯角zenith distance天顶距elevation angle高度角horizontal circle水平刻度盘vertical circle垂直刻度盘true north真北geodetic azimuth大地方位角Grid bearing坐标方位角gyro azimuth陀螺方位角magnetic azimuth磁方位角method by series方向观测法method in all combinations全组合测角法necessitate:成为必要prohibitive:禁止的，抑制的Concise Oxford Dictionary:简明牛津词典encyclopedia:百科全书curiosity:好奇心portray:描绘validity：有效性temporal:时间的geodynamic:地球动力学的phenomena:现象trigger:引发collaboration:协作selenodesy:月面测量学planetary:行星的subdiscipline:分支astro-geodesy:天文大地测量学astro-geodetic:天文大地的deduce:推论geoidal:大地水准面的undulation：起伏flattening:扁率interferometry:干涉测量altimetry:测高学figure of the earth:地球形状gravity field:重力场polar motion:极移earth tide:地球潮汐crustal motion:地壳运动celestial body:天体planetary geodesy:行星大地测量学geometric geodesy:几何大地测量学physical geodesy:物理大地测量学satellite geodesy:卫星大地测量学space geodesy:空间大地测量学geodetic network:大地网astronomic positioning:天文定位artificial earth satellite:人造地球卫星geoidal undulation：大地水准面高gravimetric deflection:重力偏差earth’s flattening:地球扁率satellite laser ranging:卫星激光测距lunar laser ranging:激光测月very long baseline interferometry:甚长基线干涉测量satellite-to-satellite tracking:卫星跟踪卫星技术geodetic astronomy:大地天文学orthogonal:正交的distortioin:变形instinctively:本能的equipotential:等位的potential:潜能render:致使，呈递，归还anomaly:不规则terrestrial:陆地的homogeneous:同类的dynamical:动力的，有力量的intent:意图mean sea level:平均海水面geoid:大地水准面reference ellipsoid:参考椭球flattening of ellipsoid:椭球扁率eccentricity of ellipsoid:椭球偏心率orthogonal projection：正交投影gravity vector:重力矢量orthometric height:正高geodetic height,ellipsoidal height:大地高geoidal height,geoid undulation:大地水准面高sea surface topography:海面地形quasi-geoid：似大地水准面normal height:正常高dynamic height:力高height anomaly:高程异常constellation:星座insure：确保drag：拖拉atmospheric drag：大气阻力sun-seeking：太阳定向panel：面板solar panel：太阳能电池板nicad：镍镉蓄电池nicad battery：镍镉蓄电池reconnaissance：勘测，侦察missile：导弹missile guidance：导弹制导pseudorange：伪距synchronize;同步synchronized：同步的global positioning system:全球定位系统space segment;空间部分control segment：控制部分user segment：用户部分GPS constellation：GPS星座master control station：主控站monitor station：监控站atomic clock：原子钟clock error：钟差broadcast ephemeris：广播星历precise ephemeris：精密星历Coarse/Acquisition Code：C/A码precise code：精码pseudorange：伪距ionospheric delay：电离层延迟tropospheric delay：对流层延迟multipath effect：多路径效应Selective Availability：选择可用性reference receiver：基准接收机roving receiver：流动接收机receiver antenna：接收机天线real-time kinematic（RTK）:实时动态定位differential GPS (DGPS):差分GPS differential correction：差分改正real-time differential correction：实时差分改成post-processed differential correction：后处理差分改正Degrade降级ionosphere电离层troposphere对流层sunspot太阳黑点interference干扰ephemeris星历表Nanosecond纳秒bounce弹跳antenna天线ghost重影recreational娱乐counteract抵消rove移动autonomously自治的dual双重的。

Unit 20 Understanding the GPS（认识GPS）What Is GPS?（什么是GPS）The global Positioning System (GPS) operated by the U.S. Department OF Defense (DOD)is a satellite-based system that can be used to locate positions anywhere on the earth.（全球定位系统（GPS），由美国国防部【Department OF Defense】管理【operated 运转、操作】，是一个基于人造卫星的系统，可以用来在全球任何地方定位）GPS provides continuous (24 hours/day), real-time, 3-dimensional positioning, navigationand timing worldwide.（GPS 提供全世界范围内的全天候，实时，三维坐标，导航和授时的功能。

）Any person with a GPS receiver can access the system, and it can be used for anyapplication that requires location coordinates.（任何拥有一台GPS 接收机的人都可以使用【access】这套系统，可以应用于任何需要位置坐标的工作中【be used for 用来做】）The GPS system consists of three segments: ⑴the space segment: the GPS satellites themselves, ⑵the control segment, operated by the U.S. military, and ⑶the user segment, which includes both military and civilian users and their GPS equipments.（GPS 由【consistof 由……组成】三个部分【segment 部分、节】组成：⑴太空部分：GPS 卫星自己，⑵地面控制部分，由美国军方【military 原意军方的，这里词性转变了——军方n.】控制，⑶用户【user】部分，包括军方和民用【civilian 民用；civil 民用的—civil engineering】用户和他们的装备。

Absolute error 绝对误差Absolute orientation 绝对定向Accident error 随机误差，偶然误差Active remote sensing 主动式遥感Addition constant 加常数Adverse 不利的，敌对的，相反的Aerial photography 航空摄影Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量Aerial triangulation 空中三角解析Alidade 照准仪Alignments survey 定线测量Allowance 容许误差Angle closing error of traverse 导线角度闭合差Annexed leveling line 附合水准路线Antenna 天线Apportion 分配Attribute 属性Atomic clock 原子钟As-built survey 竣工测量Automatic level 自动安平水准仪Average error 平均误差Azimuth 方位，方位角Backsight(BS) 后视Barometric leveling 气压水准测量Blunder 粗差，失误BM(benchmark) 水准点Bounce 使反跳Bridge survey 桥梁测量Broadcast ephemeris 广播星历Buffering 缓冲Building axis survey 建筑轴线测量Building engineering survey 建筑工程测量Cadastral surveying 地籍测量Cadastre 地籍Calibration 校准，标度，刻度Cartography 地图制图学Cartographyer 地图制作者Celestial 天上的Celestial sphere 天球Clockwise 顺时针方向的Clock error 种差Closed leveling line 闭合水准路线Closed loop traverse 闭合环导线Closed traverse 闭合导线Closing error in coordinate increment 坐标增量闭合差Closure / closing error 闭合差Compensator level 自动安平水准仪Computer graphics 计算机图形学Connecting traverse 附合导线Constant error 常查Construction control network 施工控制网Construction plan 施工平面图Construction survey 施工测量Contours 等高线Control network 控制网Control Point 控制点Control segment 控制部分Control survey 控制测量Control network for deformation observation 变形观测控制网Counterclockwise 逆时针方向的Cross section 横断面Cross section survey横断面测量Curvature 曲率，弯曲Date recorder 电子手薄Date transfer 数据转换Datum 基准面Demographic 人口统计学Departure 差异，相差，矛盾Depression Angle 俯角Detail survey 碎部测量Deviation 偏差，偏移Diameter 直径Differential leveling 微差水准测量Differential gps 差分gpsDifferential correction 差分改正Digitize 将资料数字化Digitizer 数字转化器Digital orthophoto map 数字正射影像图Dimensional 空间的Direct leveling 几何水准测量Discrete 离散的Discrepancy 差异Distance measurement 距离测量Distance measuring instrument 测距仪Distance-measuring error 测距误差Distinguish 区别EDM（electronic distance measurement）电子测距仪Electromagnetic 电磁的Electromagnetic distance measuring instrument 电磁波测距仪Electronic level 电子水准仪Electronic theodolite 电子经纬仪Electro-optical distance measuring instrument 光电测距仪Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波频谱Elevation Angle 高度角Elevation difference 高差Elevation of sight 视线高程Eliminate 消除，排除Ellipsoid 椭圆体Engineering survey 工程测量Engineering control network 工程控制网Entity 实体Ephemeris 星历表Equator 赤道线Error of closure 闭合差Error of focusing 调焦误差Error propagation 误差传播Error test 误差检验Fieldwork 野外工作Fixed error 固定误差Flexibility 适应性，机动性Foresight(FS) 前视Forestry 林产，森林学，林学Forward intersection 前方交会Free station 自由设站法Geodetic azimuth 大地方位角Geodetic surveying 大地测量学Geographical 地理学的Geoid 大地水准面Geological survey 地质测量Geology 地质学，地质概况Geomatics 测绘学Geophysics 地球物理学Geoscience 地球科学GPS receiver gps接收机GPS constellation gps星座Gravimetric leveling 重力水准测量Gravity 重力，地心引力Gravity field 重力场Grid bearing 坐标方位角Gross error 粗差Gross error detection 粗差检验Gyro azimuth 陀螺方位角Height of instrument(HI) 仪器高Height of target(HT) 目标高Horizontal Angle 水平角Horizontal circle 水平刻度盘Horizontal control network 平面控制网Horizontal refraction error 水平折光误差Horizontal survey 水平测量Huanghai vertical datum of 1956 1956黄海高程系统Hydrographic 与水道测量有关的Hydrographic survey 海道测量，水道测量Hydrographic engineering survey 水利工程测量Imagery 肖像，雕刻影像Implementation 执行Index error of vertical circle 竖盘指标差Inertial 惯性的，不活泼的Infrared EDM instrument 红外测距仪Instrumental error 仪器误差Intersect 相交，交叉Internal orientation 内定向Interpret 解释Ionosphere 电离层Ionosphere delay 电离层延迟Land management 土地管理Land survey 土地测量Laser distance measuring instrument 激光测距仪Laser level 激光水准仪Latitude 纬度，范围Law of probability 概率论Layout 放样Level 水准仪Level rod 水准尺Light-emitting diode displays（LEDs）发光二极管显示Limit error 极限误差Linear intersection 边交会法Linear-angular intersection 边角交会法Liquid crystal displays（LCDs）液晶显示Longitude 经度Long-range EDM instrument 远程电子测距仪Magnetic azimuth 磁方位角Marine survey 海洋测量Master control station 主控站Meridian 子午线，正午，顶点Method in all combinations 全组合测角法Method of direction observation 方向观测法Microwave distance measuring instrument 微波测距仪Mine survey 矿山测量Monumentation 埋石Multiplication constant 乘常数Multiply 乘，增加Multipath effect 多路径效应National vertical datum of 1985 1985国家高程基准Nominal accuracy 标称精度Observation error 观测误差Open traverse 支导线Optical leveling 光学水准仪Optical theodolite 光学经纬仪Orbit 轨道Orthometric 正高的Orthophotograph 正射影像Overlay 覆盖Passive remote sensing 被动式遥感Perpendicular 垂直的，正交的Personal error 人为误差Photogrammetry 摄影测量学Pipe survey 管道测量Pixel 像素Plane surveying 平面测量学Plotting 标图，测绘Plumb 铅垂，铅弹Plumb line 铅垂线Post processed differential correction 后处理差分改正Precise code 精码Precision 精度Precise ephemeris 精密星历Precise ranging 精密测量Prime meridian 本初子午线Prism 棱镜Probable error 或然误差Profile diagram 纵断面图Profile survey 纵断面测量Projection 投影，投射Propagate 传播，宣传Propagation of error 误差传播Property line survey 建筑红线测量Protractor 量角器Pseudorange 伪距Public engineering survey 市政工程测量Radius 半径，范围Random error 随机误差，偶然误差Raster 光栅Real time kinematic 实时动态定位Real time Differential correction 实时差分改正Receiver antenna 借手机天线Rectangular 矩形的Reference datum 参考基准面Reference receiver 基准接收机Refraction 折光，折射Refraction correction 折光差改正Registration 注册，报到，登记Relative error 相对误差Relative orientation 相对定向Remote sensor 遥测传感仪Resection 后方交会Resolution 分辨度Road engineering survey 道路工程测量Route survey 路线测量Roving receiver 流动接收机Satellite laser ranger 卫星激光测距仪Satellite positioning 卫星定位Selective availability 选择可用性Setting-out survey 施工放样Sexagesimal system 六十分制Side intersection 侧方交会Site map 工地平面图Sighting distance 视距Space segment 空间部分Spheroid 球状体Spirit leveling 几何水准测量Spur leveling line 支水准路线Stadia 视距Stadia addition constant 视距加常数Stadia hair 视距丝，视距线Stadia interval 视距间隔Stadia multiplication constant 视距乘常数Standard field of length 长度标准检定场Survey specifications 测量规范Surveying and mapping 测绘Synchronized 同步的Systematic error 系统误差Tacheometry 视距测量Tangent 相切的，切线的Telescope 望远镜Terrain 地形Theodolite 经纬仪Theory of error 误差理论Tolerance 限差Topographic 地势的，地形学上的Topographic survey 地形测量Total length closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差Total station 全站仪Traverse 导线，横贯，横断Traverse Angle 导线折角Traverse leg 导线边Traverse network 导线网Traverse Point 导线点Traversing 导线测量Triangle 三角形Triangulateration 边角测量Triangulateration network 边角网Triangulation 三角测量Triangulation network 三角网Trigonometric leveling 三角高程测量Trigonometry 三角法Trilateration 三边测量Trilateration network 三边网Troposphere 对流层Troposphere delay 对流层延迟True error 真误差True north 真北Tunnel survey 隧道测量Two-color laser ranger 双色激光测距仪US department of defense 美国国防部User segment 用户部分Vector 向量Vertical Angle 垂直角Vertical circle 垂直度盘Vertical control network 高程控制网Vertical survey 高程测量Visualization 可视化Zenith 天顶，顶点，顶峰Zenith distance 天顶距。

(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Chapter 1Geomatics 测绘学Surveying 测量学Geodesy 测地学Geosciences 地球科学Surveying and mapping 测绘学Surveying and mapping engineering 测绘工程Geoinformatics 地理信息学Geodetic network 大地控制网Land Surveyor 土地测量员Photogrammetriest 摄影测量员Practitioner 从业者Topographic map 地形图Geographic information system 地理信息系统Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量学Remote sensing 遥感Cartography 地图制图学Computer graphics 计算机图形学Global navigation satellite system GNSSGlobal position system GPS Environmental visualization 环境可视化Geographic information system GIS Geographic referenced information 地理参考信息Landforms 地形Underground geological structure 地下地质构造Hydrology 水文学Mineral resources 矿产资源Topographic maps 地形图Geodynamic phenomena 地球动力学现象Polar motion 极移Crustal motion 地壳运动Earth tides 地球潮汐Sphere 球（体）Spheroid 球体Ellipse 椭圆Ellipsoid 椭圆体，椭球Surveying station 测站Geodetic control points 大地控制点With permanent monuments 永久标志Curved surface 曲面Straight line 直线Plane 平面Precise instrument 精密仪器Reference coordinat e 参考坐标Contour maps 等值线图Three dimensional model 三维模型Analog or digital forms 模拟或数字形式Specialized illustration software 专业插图软件Data acquisition 数据获取Data representation 数据表达Manipulate 处理，操作Data storage 数据存储Data preprocessing 数据预处理Longitude latitude altitude 经度、纬度、高度Regional navigation system 地区导航系统Analog photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量Analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量Digital photogrammetry 数字摄影测量Plotter 绘图机Passive remote sensing/active remote sensingFilm photography 胶片Infrared sensors 红外感应Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件Radiometer 辐射计Backscattered 反向散射Passive/active sensor/reflector 被动/主动传感器/反射器Henan polytechnic university Geographic data 地理数据Reference spheroid 参考椭球体Curved surface 曲面Analogy form 模拟模式Radio signal 无线信号Laser 激光(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Chapter 2Analog forms 模拟形式Paper plan 平面图Report table 报告表Three dimensional mathematical model 三维数学模型Horizontal and vertical distances 水平距离和垂直距离Determining Elevations 确定高程Direction 方向Location 位置Volume 体积（量）Portray graphically生动描绘Profile/cross section 侧面/横断面Longitudinal section 纵剖面Diagram 图表/示意图Optical theodolite 光学经纬仪Digital level 数字水准仪Electronic Distance Measurement （EDM）Total station 全站仪Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影Satellite observation 卫星观测Inertial surveying 惯性测量Laser ranging techniques 激光测距技术Large volume of data 大量数据Rigorous processing 严密加工工艺Field/office work 野外/室内工作Conventional construction engineering projects 传统建设工程项目Property surveying 权属调查Geology 地质学 geophysics地球物理biology生物 agriculture 农业forestry 林业 hydrology 水文oceanography 海洋学Geography地理学Distance measurement 距离测量Linear 线性物 non-Spherical earth 球面地Slant 倾斜Tape 卷尺Telescope view望远镜视场electro-optical distance measuring 光电测距Earth gravity field 地球重力场Plume lines 铅垂线plastic tapes 塑料尺Poly tapes 塑料尺Steel types 钢尺Marking pole 花杆marking pin 测杆spring balance 弹簧秤Collimation axis 视准轴plumb bob 铅锤Invar tapes 因瓦尺Coefficient 系数Metric units 米制单位Foot units 英制单位Metric 公制，米制Meter 米Decimeter 分米Centimeter 厘米Minimeter 毫米Kilometer 千米Tacheometry 视距测量Theodolite tacheometryoptical resolutionOrdinary taping 普通丈量Precise taping 精密丈量Thermal expansion 热膨胀fixed-angle intercept截取一个固定角stadia interval factorstadia system 视距系统level rod 水准尺Plane table 平板仪line of sight 视线horizontal stadia principle 水平视距原理stadia interval 视距间隔 factor 常数stadia hairs 视距丝Principle focus 主焦点detail surveys 碎步测量topographic surveys 地形测量Leveling 水准测量electronic distance measurement 电子测距仪Geodimeter Inc光电测距仪公司terrain conditions 地形条件(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Radio waves 无线电波Identical velocities 相同速度Light velocity 光速Vacuum 真空operational range 测距Microwave systems 微波系统Light wave systems 光波系统Infrared systems 红外系统Wavelength band 波段Transmitted signals 传播信号airborne particles 浮尘Traversing 导线测量Precise taping 精密丈量Curvature 曲率Mean sea level MSLPermanent points/benchmarks 基准参照Trigonometric or indirect leveling 三角高程测量direct or spirit leveling 水准测量stadia leveling 视距测量different leveling 差分水准Point in question 待求点self-reducing tacheometer 自降速测仪Barometric leveling 气压高程测量Gravimetric leveling 重力高程测量mutually perpendicular axes Standard deviations 标准差earth curvature and refraction Annexed leveling line 附和水准路线spur leveling line 支水准路线closed leveling line 闭合水准路线preclude 排除slope distance 斜距vertical angle 竖直角Zenith angle 天顶角National vertical datum 国家高程基准theodolite 经纬仪 transitangles of elevation 仰角 minus anglesangles of depression 俯角 down anglesreciprocal vertical angle observation 垂直角对测degree minute second 度分秒the sexagesimal system 六十进制系统radian 弧度topographic detail points 地形碎部点points to be set out 待放样点clinometer 测角仪/倾斜仪sextant 六分仪compass 罗盘true meridian direction 真子午线方向true north direction 正北方向meridian plane 子午面gyro theodolite 陀螺经纬仪magnetic meridian direction 磁北方向azimuths 方位角coordinate north direction 坐标北方向coordinate axies direction clockwise direction 顺时针方向counterclockwise direction 逆时针方向bearing/orientation 方位、方向quadrant 象限horizontal circle 水平度盘circular protractors 圆形量角器geometric conditions 几何条件astronomic 天文学的,极大的magnetic poles 磁极gauss coordinate system 高斯坐标系coordinate azimuth 坐标方位角meridian 子午圈/线azimuthal projection 方位角投影commencing on 开始face left 盘左bisected bisect 一分为二binary 二进制的horizontal scale 水平度盘比例尺upper plate clamp 上盘制动夹subtract 减法，扣除arbitrary points 任意点primary control 一级控制triangulation 三角法trilateration 三边法intersection 交会法resection 后方交会traversing 导线测量trigonometric proposition 三角定理law of sines 正弦定理(完整word)测绘专业英语单词law of cosines 余弦定理forward intersection 前方交会side intersection 侧方交会steel tapes 钢尺hydrographic surveyspur/stub traverse 支导线geometric closure 几何形状闭合connection/annexed traverse 附合导线Closed traverse 闭合导线Normal calculation 坐标正算inverse calculation 坐标反算Stadia hair 视距丝Cross hair 十字丝Pulse method 脉冲法Phase different method 相差法Modulated light beam 调制光束Dividing scale tape 刻线尺Reflect 反射disperse散射 radiate 辐射Refract折射 diffract 衍射 diffuse 漫射Compensator 补偿器Ralative precision 相对精度Absolute precision 绝对精度Horizontal distance 水平距离Benchmark 水准基准点Alidade 照准部Automatic level 自动安平水准仪Nominal factor 名义因子Construction maps 施工图Air density 空气密度Horizontal braking screw 水平制动螺旋Charpter 3plane trigonometry 平面三角orthogonal projection 正射投影reference ellipsoid 参考椭球面geoid 大地水准面landmass 陆地equipotential surface 等势面theoretical surface 理论面perpendicular 垂直gravity potential 重力势planimetric position 平面位置orthometric heights 正高Geodetic height 大地高semi-major axis 长半径minor axis 短轴plumb bob line 垂线spirit bubble 水准泡horizontalized 使整平flattening 扁率ellipsoidal/geodetic distance 大地距best fitting 最佳拟合global geocentric ellipsoid 全球地心参考系geodetic reference system 1980 大地测量参考系portrary 描绘conformality 正形性at expense of 以牺牲—为代价Arbitrary projection 任意投影Equidistant projection 等距投影Easel plane 承影面Cylindrical projection 圆柱投影Conic projection 圆锥投影Azimuthal/planar projection 方位投影Normal/regular axis tangent conic projection正轴切圆锥投影Normal/regular axis secant conic projection(完整word)测绘专业英语单词正轴割圆锥投影Tangent planar projectionNormal axis tangent planarprojection正轴切面投影Transverse axis tangent planarprojection横轴切面投影Oblique axis tangent planarprojection斜轴切面投影Graticule of normal conic projection 正轴圆锥投影格网Cylinder 圆柱体Gauss kruger projection=conformal（equal angle）transverse tangent elliptic cylindrical projectionUniversal transverse mercator UTM Rules of thumb 经验法则Geodetic datum 大地测量基准World geodetic system 84Standard parallels 标准纬线Meridian 子午线,子午圈，经线Mass anomaly质量异常Geodetic latitude 大地维度Geodetic longitude 大地经度Translation parameter 平移参数Rotation parameter 旋转参数Scale parameter 尺度参数Rotation axis 旋转轴Backsight 后视Leveling rod reading 水准尺读数Height difference 高差Notional leveling origin 国家水准原点Coordinate conversion 坐标转换Smooth surface 光滑表面Normal calculation 正算Normal line 法线Survey specification 测量规范Dimension of the ellipsoid 椭圆的尺寸Chapter 4Direct measurement 直接测量Geometric formulas 几何公式Three broad categories 三大范畴Blunders/mistakes=gross errors Systematic errors 系统误差Magnitude 量级Algebraic sign 代数符号Calibration 校准，标准化Random errors 随机误差Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Law of probability 概率Most probable value 最或然值Points of inflexion 拐点Square root 平方根Probability density function 概率密度函数Normal error distribution curve 正态分布曲线Normal random variable 正态随机变量Frequency histogram 频率直方图Standard deviation 标准差Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Error propagation 误差传播Partial derivative 偏导数Mean square error 中误差Least squares adjustment 最小二乘平差Superfluous measurement 多余测量Instrumental error 仪器误差Redundant measurement 冗余误差Optimal combination 最优组合Matrix/array 矩阵Functional model 函数模型Stochastic model 随机模型Statistical properties 统计特性(完整word)测绘专业英语单词Variance/covariance matrix 方差/协方差矩阵Weighting matrix 权阵Weihted adjustment 加权平差Conditional adjustment 条件平差Parametric adjustment 参数平差Algebraic sum 代数和Geometric check 几何检核Chapter 5Cartography 地图制图学Map compilation 地图编制Map decoration 地图整饰Contour map 等高/值线图Neat line 图表边线Coordinate gratitude/grid 坐标网格Inset 嵌图Bar scale 图解比例尺Thematic map 专题图Topographic map 地形图topological map 拓扑地图Electronic map 电子地图Analytic stereo plotter 解析立体绘图仪Data visualization 数据可视化Image processing 图像处理Spatial analysis 空间分析Specialized illustration software 专门插图软件Laser rangefinders 激光测距仪Computer aided design CAD 计算机辅助设计VectorRasterGeometrical principles 几何原理Geospatial information 地理空间信息Zoom in 放大 out 缩小Graphic scale bar 图解比例尺Map page space 图面空间C++ application programming interface API Chapter 6Global navigation satellite system GNSSGlobal position system GPSOrbital plane 轨道平面Orbital altitude 轨道高度Medium earth orbit /MEO 中地球轨道Carrier wave 载波Absolute positioning 绝对定位Relative positioning 相对定位Static positioning 静态定位Dynamic positioning 动态定位Base station 基站Real time kinematic RTK 实时动态定位Antenna 天线Post processing 后处理Ground based transmitter 地面发射机Geostationary orbit 对地静止轨道GPS receiver GPS接收机Monitor station 监控站Mobile /Roving station 流动站Differential GPS。

01 总类01.001 测绘学surveying and mapping, SM01.002 中华人民共和国测绘法Law of Surveying and Mapping of the People's Republic of China01.003 测绘标准standards of surveying and mapping01.004 测量规范specifications of surveys01.005 地形图图式topographic map symbols01.006 大地测量学geodesy01.007 地球形状earth shape, figure of the earth01.008 重力基准网gravity standard network01.009 重力场gravity field01.010 地心坐标系geocentric coordinate system01.011 地球椭球earth ellipsoid01.012 大地原点geodetic origin01.013 水准原点leveling origin01.014测量标志survey mark01.015 测量觇标observation target01.016 高程基准height datum01.017 1954年北京坐标系Beijing geodetic coordinate system195401.018高程系统height system01.019平均海[体]面mean sea level01.020黄海平均海[水]面Huanghai mean sea level01.021海拔height above sea level01.022海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System，NNSS01.023 NA VSTAR全球定位系统NA VSTAR Global Positioning System，NA VSTAR GPS 01.024惯性测量系统inertial surveying system，ISS01.025摄影测量与遥感学photogrammetry and remote sensing01.026航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry01.027航天摄影测量（又称“太空摄影测量”）space photogrammetry01.028非地形摄影测量non-topographic photogrammetry01.029水下摄影测量underwater photogrammetry01.030航空航天摄影aero—space photogrammetry01.031航空遥感aerial remote sensing01.032航天遥感space remote sensing01.033图像image01.034影像image, imagery01.035图形Graphics01.036判读（又称“判释”、“解译”）interpretation01.037模拟摄影测量analog photogrammetry01.038解析摄影测量analytical photogrammetry, numerical photogrammetry01.039 数字摄影测量digital photogrammetry01.040数字地图模型（又称“数值地型”）digital terrain model, DTM01.041遥感图象处理image processing of remote sensing01.042遥感模式识别pattern recognition of remote sensing01.043地图制图学（又称“地图学”）cartography01.044地理坐标网geographic graticule01.045经纬网fictitious graticule01.046方里网kilometer grid01.047邻带方里网grid of neighboring zone01.048坐标格网coordinate grid01.049地理坐标参考系geographical reference system，GEOREF01.050地图map01.051地形图topographic map01.052平面图plan01.053普通地图general map01.054专题地图thematic map01.055地图集atlas01.056地球仪globe01.057地图规范map specifications01.058地图生产map production01.059地图投影map projection01.060地图编制（又称“编图”）map compilation01.061地图复制map reproduction01.062地图印刷map printing01.063地图利用map use01.064地图量算cartometry01.065机助地图制图computer-aided cartography，computer-assisted cartography, CAC 01.066自动化制图automatic cartography01.067自动绘图automatic plotting01.068图形显示graphic display01.069遥感制图remote sensing mapping01.070地名学toponomastics, toponymy01.071地名geographical name, place name01.072工程测量学engineering surveying01.073比例尺scale01.074基本比例尺basic scale01.075等高线contour01.076等高距contour interval01.077测量平差survey adjustment，adjustment of observations01.078精度估计precision estimation01.079精［密］度precision01.080准确度accuracy01.081偶然误差accident error01.082系统误差systematic error01.083粗差gross error01.084常差constant error01.085多余观测redundant observation01.086闭合差closing error, closure01.087限差tolerance01.088相对误差relative error01.089绝对误差absolute error01.090中误差mean square error01.091误差椭圆error ellipse01.092边长中误差mean square error of side length01.093测角中误差mean square error of angle observation01.094方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth01.095坐标中误差mean square error of coordinate01.096点位中误差mean square error of a point01.097高程中误差mean square error of height01.098国土基础信息系统land base information system01.099大地控制数据库geodetic data base01.100重力数据库gravimetric data base01.101地形数据库topographic data base01.102地理信息系统geographical information system，GIS01.103地图数据库map data base01.104地图数据库管理系统cartographic data base management system01.105地名数据库place-name data base01.106地籍信息系统cadastral information system01.107土地信息系统land information system，LIS01.108制图专家系统cartographic expert system01.109海洋测绘hydrographic surveying and charting01.110测绘仪器instrument of surveying and mapping01.111大地测量仪器geodetic instrument01.112测距仪distance measuring instrument，rangefinder01.113重力仪gravimeter01.114定位系统positioning system01.115摄影测量仪器photogrammetric instrument01.116立体测图仪stereoplotter01.117数字摄影测量工作站digital photogrammetric station01.118全数字化自测图系统full digital automatic mapping system01.119图形输入设备graphic input unit01.120图形输出设备graphic output unit01.121中国测绘学会Chinese Society of Surveying and Mapping，CSSM01.122国际测绘联合会International Union of Surveying and Mapping，IUSM01.123国际测量师联合会Federation Internationale des Geometres，FIG（法语）01.124国际大地测量学与地球物理学International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics，IUGG01.125国际大地测量学协会International Association of Geodesy IAG01.126国际摄影测量与遥感学会International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing，ISPRS01.127国际地图学协会International Cartographic Association，ICA01.128 国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization, IHO02 大地测量学02.001大地测量geodetic surveying02.002几何大地测量学geometric geodesy02.003椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidal geodesy02.004大地天文学geodetic astronomy02.005物理大地测量学(又称“大地重力学”) physical geodesy02.006空间大地测量学space geodesy02.007卫星大地测量学satellite geodesy02.008动力大地测量学dynamic geodesy02.009海洋大地测量学marine geodesy02.010月面测量学lunar geodesy，selenodesy02.011行星测量学planetary geodesy02.012天文大地网(又称“国家大地网”)astro--geodetic network02.013参考椭球reference ellipsoid02.014贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid02.015海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid02.016克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovsky ellipsoid02.017参考椭球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid02.018大地基准geodetic datum02.019大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system02.020弧度测量arc measurement02.021拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth02.022拉普拉斯点Laplace point02.023三角测量triangulation02.024三角点triangulation point02.025三角锁triangulation chain02.026三角网triangulation network02.027图形权倒数weight reciprocal of figure02.028菲列罗公式Ferreros formula02.029施赖伯全组合测角法Schreiber method in all combinations 02.030方向观测法method of direction observation，method by series 02.031测回observation set02.032归心元素elements of centering02.033归心改正correction for centering02.034水平折光差(又称“旁折光差”) h orizontal refraction error02.035基线测量base measurement02.036基线baseline02.037基线网base network02.038精密导线测量precise traversing02.039三角高程测量trigonometric leveling02.040三角高程网trigonometric leveling network02.041铅垂线plumb line02.042天顶距zenith distance02.043高度角elevation angle，altitude angle02.044垂直折光差vertical refraction error02.045垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient02.046国家水准网national leveling network02.047精密水准测量Precise leveling02.048水准面level surface02.049高程height02.050正高orthometric height02.051正常高normal height02.052力高dynamic height02.053地球位数geopotential number02.054水准点benchmark02.055水准路线leveling line02.056跨河水准测量river－crossing leveling02.057椭球长半径major radius of ellipsoid02.058椭球扁率flattening of ellipsoid02.059椭球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid02.060子午面meridian plane02.061子午圈meridian02.062卯酉圈prime vertical02.063平行圈parallel circle02.064法截面normal section02.065子午圈曲率半径radius of curvature in meridian02.066卯酉圈曲率半径radius of curvature in prime vertical02.067平均曲率半径mean radius of curvature02.068大地线geodesic02.069大地线微分方程differential equation of geodesic02.070大地坐标geodetic coordinate02.071大地经度geodetic longitude02.072大地纬度geodetic latitude02.073大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height02.074大地方位角geodetic azimuth02.075天文大地垂线偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical02.076垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical02.077标高差改正correction for skew normals02.078截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic02.079大地主题正解direct solution of geodetic problem02.080大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem02.081高斯中纬度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula02.082贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 02.083高斯一克吕格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又称“高斯投影”。