上海市徐汇区高二(上)期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

【题文】50.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某一件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计一项新的功能来参赛。

请以“ My Magic_______” 为题写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍你的创意并说明你的设计理由。

（注意:不得使用真实姓名和学校名称。

）_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________【答案】My Magic Neutral Water PenThe neutral water pen is widely used in the process of study but we often have trouble using them because of its limited ink and other inconvenience.To deal with these problems, consequently, I have worked heart and soul to create my own neutral water pen.The most shining function of this newly designed pen is that it will contain special ink power which makes it have endless ink. Furthermore, the pen is made of the extremely strong materials, which can protect the pen from the damage when it might fall down onto the ground. Better still, so smoothly does it write that it can contribute to making our handwriting better.Such is my magic neutral water pen. Are you interested in it? Hope it will be of great use for users.【解析】【分析】本书面表达是一篇演讲稿，内容是说明文。

2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高二年级英语学科听力文字2019.1 I. Listening comprehension (15%)Section A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.M: Excuse me. I want my shirt cleaned and ironed.W: No problem. Please tell me your name and room number.Q: Where does this conversation probably take place?2.W: Can you tell me what time Flight MU833 arrives?M: It is scheduled to arrive at 6:00 p.m. But it has been delayed for two hours.Q: What time is the airplane now expected to arrive?3.W: Do you sell camping equipment?M: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, stoves and almost everything you want.Q: What is the woman probably going to do?4.W: I want to complain about the orange juice I bought yesterday. When I openedthe bottle athome, it gave out a horrible smell.M: Oh, I’m terribly sorry about that. I’ll take care of it right away.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?5.M: You know, I have recently invested all my savings in stocks.W: Really? That’s the last thing I would do, David.Q: What does the woman think of David’s investment?6.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s tied up in meetings all morning.M: Oh, I thought I could talk with him about it.Q: Why can’t Jack come himself?7.M: Finally I’ve the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make a goodimpressionon your family.W: Come on! It’s only a family reunion. Jeans and T-shirts are just fine.Q: What does the woman mean?8.W: The lecture about the development of world economy is really fascinating.M: I couldn’t agree with you more.Q: What does the man mean?9.M: Mary, next year I don’t want to live in the dormitory. I need more peace a ndquiet.W: Check out the cost of renting an apartment first, John. I wouldn’t be surprised if you changed your mind.Q: What does the woman imply?10.M: Can you drive me to the Andersons’ party Friday night?W: It depends on whether I’ll get my car back f rom the garage on time.Q: What can we learn about the woman from the conversation?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passage and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 12 are based on the following passage.Hello. Welcome to the program. In America, May and June are the traditional months for graduations. A listener in China, Li Ping, who is about to get an engineering degree, wants to know how American college graduates find jobs. Right now, the answer is: not very easily. A latest study on the college job market showed that employers wanted to hire 22% fewer graduates this year than last. The study also showed that just 20% of those who looked for jobs before graduation have found one by now. This is compared to half of students who had looked for a job by this time two years ago. But one difference: fewer of this year’s graduates have started to search for jobs. Engineering graduates were more likely to have started their job search already, and to have accepted a job. This is among the best-paid professions for people with just a college degree. On average, engineering majors expect to start at about $62,000 a year. (Now listen again, please.)Questions：11. What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?12. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation.W: Hey, Bill. I hear they’re going to send you to Germany for the new project. M: Boy, news travels fast around here! I only got the orders a couple of hours ago.Rachel doesn’t even know…W: Oh, no? So, what are you waiting for? When do you plan to tell her?M: Well, she is at work at the moment. I’ll have to wait until tonight now, I suppose. W: Well, I was posted there before, back in 2008. It’s OK — a bit like England, really. At least the weather is similar, and the people aren’t much different.The only thing I didn’t like is the food, espec ially the sausages. What do you intend to do about the family? Are you going to take them with you?M: Well, I’d like to, but I don’t know much about the situation at the moment…youknow, about schools and all that. But I hope to move the family out there in a couple of months’ time. I don’t think I want to spend a year and a half out there on my own...I mean, without Rachel and the kids. I mean, I don’t see that much of them now as it is.W: Yeah. Well, that’s the way it is normally in our company, I su ppose.M: Yeah. Well, we’ll see. Let me pay for the coffee.W: No, no. I’ll pay. (Now listen again, please.)Questions：13.Why is Bill going to Germany?14.What did the woman dislike about Germany？15. What does Bill hope to do about his family？2018学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高二年级英语答案2019.1 I.Listening Comprehension (15%)1-5 ADBDC 6-10 CCACB 11-15 CBABAII. Grammar and vocabularySection A (10%)16. used 17. promising 18. can 19. it 20. is put21. to require 22. If 23. involved 24. which 25. thatSection B (10%)26-30 EDAJH 31-35 CGKIBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A(15%) 36-40 CBCDB 41-45 DBAAC 46-50 BCBAASection B(12%)51-53 DBA 54-56 BADSection C(8%) 57-60 ECBAIV．Summary Writing (10%)There are three types of sales strategies to improve sales. The narrative strategy means salespeople promoting products with standard presentations. The suggestive approach requires salespeople to recommend a suitable product to a customer through discussion. The consultive strategy demands that salespeople get information about customers and act as their “consultants”. Nowadays more sales teams prefer the consultive approach. (59words)V. Translation (10%)1.If it is convenient to you, please pick up some bread for me in the bakery.1 1 12.Despite the heavy rain, he arrived at the concert hall on time.1 1 13.My friend complained to me that she sometimes found it impossible to communicatewith her1 2 1parents.VI. Writing (10%)新世纪翻译1. 她刚一坐下，服务员就给她端上了红茶。

绝密★启用前上海市徐汇区2018～2019学年高二年级上学期期末学习能力诊断考试英语试题（解析版）I. Listening comprehension (15%)Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.At the hotel. B. At a clothes shop. C. At the tailor’s. D. At a laundry.2. A.2:00 p.m. B. 5:00 p.m. C. 6:00 p.m. D. 8:00 p.m.3. anize a party. B. Go camping. C. Decorate a new house. D. Renta tent.4. A.Boss and clerk. B. Nurse and patient. C. Mother and child. D. Manager and customer.5. A.He has to make the last decision. B. He should have invested more.C. It’s risky to make such an investment.D. It’s better for him to ta ke out his savings.6. A.He is busy writing a report. B. He has to meet with a reporter.C. He is fully occupied in the morning.D. He feels very tired in the morning.7. A.The man should buy himself a new suit.B. The man looks silly in jeans and T-shirts.C. The man needn’t dress formally on the occasion.D. The man has left a good impression on her family.8. A.He thinks the lecture is great. B. He didn’t listen to the lecture.- 1 -。

2024届上海市徐汇区上海中学高三英语第一学期期末检测试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

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考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．As its economy is maturing，China’s _________a grea ter role in critical issues like climate and development.A．defining B．assuming C．guaranteeing D．assuring2．We must ______ the time that you’ve wasted this afternoon by working late to-night. A．make up for B．make out C．do up D．make up to3．There are many famous cultural relics in our country, many _______ thousands of years ago.A．dating back to B．date back toC．dated back to D．were dated back to4．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A．which B．whoC．where D．what5．The recently released film Kong：Skull Island successfully ________ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.A．transports B．adjustsC．transforms D．relates6．—Ted has never been so rude!—He ______something he shouldn’t have, but I guess he didn’t mean that.A．has said B．had saidC．said D．was saying7．Maybe some of you are curious about what my life was like on the streets because I’ve never really talked about it ______.A．in place B．in turn C．in force D．in depth8．We should bear in mind that social development and balance of nature should goin .A．company B．sympathy C．association D．harmony9．A mother recognizes the feel of her child’s skin when blindfolded. _________, she caninstantly identify her baby’s cry.A．Similarly B．MeanwhileC．Nevertheless D．Accordingly10．Locals lived in rather ________ conditions until the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949.A．precious B．primitiveC．precise D．prior11．The incident turned him into different person, even if he did not realize it at beginning.A．a; a B．the; the C．the; a D．a; the12．What I love most about reading novels is ______ the authors vividly describe the characters.A．what B．whyC．how D．whom13．The collection, sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened, President Xi said.A．consideration B．conservationC．constitution D．construction14．While working in Kunming, he checked the weather each morning for months________he realized it would be the same every day.A．when B．afterC．before D．since15．----There won’t be anywhere to park.----Oh, _______. Let’s try the subway.A．that’s a real bargain B．that’s a good pointC．t hat’s really something D．that’s all settled16．Afghans used to hold big weddings, costing thousands of dollars, in a county _____ the average annual income is less than $400.A．which B．whose C．where D．what 17．—I am searching one online shopping site after another for a computer.—So __________I before I decided to buy a new camera.A．had B．have C．am D．would18．________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear.A．Unless B．AfterC．Once D．Since19．Cambridge gave a positive answer inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores.A．in favor of B．in response toC．in salute to D．in consequence of20．There has been positive reaction to the proposal to help the disabled, the impact will be lasting especially for younger ones.A．on which B．on whomC．of which D．of whom第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2020-2021学年度第一学期期末考试试卷高二英语命题人：第I卷第一部分．阅读理解(共两节20小题；每小题2分，共40分)第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWondering where to watch the fireworks on the fourth Friday of July? Here are some restaurants where you can sit, grab a bite to eat and watch the show.The Roof on Wilshire offers a view of the city, so chances are that you’ll be able to catch a fireworks show while you’re up there. The restaurant will also offer an all-you-can-eat menu for $20 that includes all beef，hot dogs and sweet potato chips. The festivities will take place from 2 to 11 pm. Reservations are recommended. 6317 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, (323) 852-6002.Whiskey Red’s is located in Marina Del Rey. Beginning at 5:30 pm, it will include live music from Jack of Hearts. The event is free and open to the public. Guests can make reservations from 5:30 to 10 pm. It costs $59 to reserve a seat on the patio(露台) and $49 for indoor seating. Kids aged 5 to 12 need $25 for a seat outside and $20 for an indoor seat. Kids aged four and below are free. 13813 Fiji Way, Marina Del Rey, (310) 823-4522.High Rooftop lounge(休息室) in Venice at the top of the Hotel Erwin offers views of the Venice coastline. The fireworks show starts at 9 pm. The rooftop lounge offers a full menu of cocktails and a selection of snacks. 1697 Pacific Avenue, Venice Beach, (800) 786-7789.The last one is Carbon Beach Club at the Malibu Inn. Here you can see fireworks from a seat on the restaurant’s oceanfront balcony from 6 to 9:30 pm. Reservations are recommended. 22878Pacific Coast Hwy, Malibu, (310) 456-6444.1. Which restaurant will provide live music during fireworks?A. Carbon Beach Club.B. Whiskey Red’s.C. Wilshire.D. High Rooftop lounge.2. Where can you get an all-you-can-eat menu with $20?A. Wilshire.B. Whiskey Red’s.C. High Rooftop lounge.D. Carbon Beach Club.3. Which telephone number will you dial if you want to reserve a seat on anoceanfront balcony?A. (323) 852-6002.B. (310) 823-4522.C. (800) 786-7789.D. (310) 456-6444.BI went shopping for a dress to wear to my daughter’s high school graduation half a year ago. To my horror, I could only fit into a size 20.Being overweight most of my adult life, I always had very little self-confidence. Wearing a dress I didn’t like to such an important event was enough to make me look for help. Thankfully, a friend of mine was attending Weight Watchers meetings, and I noticed her great progress. Her success inspired me to give it a try. I joined Weight Watchers, attended their meetings and started following their Weight-Loss System.I focused on the plan with determination and never missed a weekly meeting! I discovered that I enjoyed the benefits of having the help and support of others. I also read the weekly online e-newsletter and was inspired by the stories, recipes and information offered there, I also read magazines produced by Weight Watchers, which have great tips and new ideas in each issue.It’s hard for me to even remember the person I was before my amazing change. I didn’t walk anywhere and couldn’t wash my car or walk my dog. Today I do these simple tasks without even thinking about them. But the change didn’t happen overnight. I had to exercise with patience and perseverance (坚持）. I decided to take it one day at a time and stick with if for good.The “new me” is more self-confident and healthier. I love how I feel now.I have more energy and feel like I’m 25 again. So why not give Weight Watchers a try if you have the same overweight problem?4. The underlined word “inspired” in the second paragraph can be replaced byA. excitedB. movedC. encouragedD. forced5. We can learn from the passage that the writer .A. often went shopping before she lost weightB. was overweight when she was a childC. ever wanted to give up losing weightD. now is more confident than before6. This passage is written to .A. tell us how to gain self-confidenceB. show off the great progress that the author has madeC. give us some tips on how to lose weight quicklyD. advise overweight people to give Weight Watchers a try7. Which of the following word will you use to describe the writer?A. Weak.B. Calm.C. Patient.D. Silent.CPeople who often eat nuts appear to live longer, according to the latest study of its kind. The findings, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, suggested the greatest benefit was in those eating them on their daily diet.Eating nuts was linked to a healthier lifestyle including being less likely to smoke or be overweight and more likely to exercise. The British Heart Foundation said more research was needed to prove the link, “While this is an interesting link, we need further research to make sure if it's the nuts that protect heart health, or other sides of people’s lifestyle .”The study followed nearly 120,000 people for 30 years. The more regularly people ate nuts, the less likely they were to die during the study. People eating nuts once a week were 11% less likely to have died during the study than those who never ate nuts. Lead researcher Dr. Charles Fuchs, from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, said, “The most obvious benefit was a decrease of 29%in deaths from heart disease, but we also saw a significant reduction-11%-in the danger of dying from cancer.”They suggest nuts are lowering cholesterol(胆固醇). and insulin resistance(胰岛素抗性). Nuts contain unsaturated fat(不饱和脂肪), protein(蛋白质) and several kinds of vitamins and minerals and they can take the place of snacks like chocolate bars, cakes and biscuits.Victoria Taylor, senior expert at the British Heart Foundation, said, “This study shows close connection between regularly eating a small handful of nuts and a lower risk of death from heart disease.” Choosing plain, unsalted foods rather than sweet, salted, or chocolate-covered will keep your salt and sugar intake down.8. According to the passage, what kind of people benefit most form eating nuts?A. Those who eat most nuts at a time.B. Those who eat most nuts.C. Those who eat nuts on their daily diet.D. Those who eat less nuts.9. Which kind of disease had a most decrease for regular nuts eater?A. CancerB. Heart diseaseC. Stomach diseaseD. Unknown10. The writer developed the article mainly by .A. providing factsB. giving exampleC. listing dataD. comparing the difference11. Which section should the passage be taken from the newspaper?A. Science sectionB. Health sectionC. Entertainment sectionD. Tech sectionDOn the third Sunday in June, Americans take time to recognize and thank a special person in the family -fathers! Father’s Day celebrates the importance of fathers, young and old and the men thought of as father figures.The words "the child is father of the man" come from William Wordsworth’s poem My Heart Leaps Up. "It means people’s personalities form when they are children. They will most likely have the same qualities as an adult that they had as a child.Used in everyday speech, one could say, "In his case, the child was father of the man; he loved nature as a child and now works as a botanist(植物学家)".Let’s say you want to tell a child a story about something that happened long before they were born. You could say it happened when they “were just a twinkle in their father's eyes.” This expression has a humorous and dreamy feel. Here, the word “twinkle” suggests the interest your father had in your mother.When a much older man is interested in a much younger woman and supports her with his money, he is called he “sugar daddy.” The money part is very important-that's the sugar.Sometimes fathers are not a good influence or active in the lives of the children. In that case, a person may look for a father figure, a man who is not actually the person's father but who acts like one.The relationship between a man and his son can be complex. But the relationship between a father and daughter is often simpler. The expression “daddy’s little girl” is understood to mean that, in a father’s eyes, his daughter can do no wrong.There is usually not a dry eye at any wedding during the traditional father-and-daughter dance, especially if they are dancing to a song like Michael Buble’s “Daddy's Little Girl.”12. If a boy behaves just like his father, we can say .A. he is just a twinkle in his father’s eyesB. he is his sugar daddyC. like father, like sonD. the child is father of the man13. What do you know about “the child is father of the man”?A. A child is often spoiled by his father.B. People’s characters are formed when young.C. A boy will become a father when growing up.D. A child always shows his true nature.14. According to the passage, the song Daddy’s Little Girl is likely to beA. movingB. SorrowfulC. CrazyD. funny15. The author writes the passage mainly to .A. introduce the origin of Father’s DayB. show a boy should respect his fatherC. explain the importance of fathersD. tell people several expressions about father.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

徐汇区高二年级第一学期学习能力诊断卷英语试卷I. Listening comprehension (15%)Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.At the hotel. B. At a clothes shop. C. At the tailor’s. D. At a laundry.2. A.2:00 p.m. B. 5:00 p.m. C. 6:00 p.m. D. 8:00 p.m.3. anize a party. B. Go camping. C. Decorate a new house. D. Rent a tent.4. A.Boss and clerk. B. Nurse and patient. C. Mother and child. D. Manager and customer.5. A.He has to make the last decision. B. He should have invested more.C. It’s risky to make such an investment.D. It’s better for him to take out his savings.6. A.He is busy writing a report. B. He has to meet with a reporter.C. He is fully occupied in the morning.D. He feels very tired in the morning.7. A.The man should buy himself a new suit.B. The man looks silly in jeans and T-shirts.C. The man needn’t dress formally on the occasion.D. The man has left a good impression on her family.8. A.He thinks the lecture is great. B. He didn’t listen to the lecture.C. He doesn’t agree with the woman.D. He couldn’t understand the lecturer.9. A.John should consider his privacy first.B. John will choose a low-rent apartment.C. John’s unlikely to move out of the dormitory.D. John’s not certain if he can find a quiet place.10. A. She will get her car back on Friday.B. She may not be able to give the man a ride.C. She isn’t sure whether she will go to the party.D. She’s just returned from a visit to the Andersons.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passage and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 12 are based on the following passage.11. A. It’s unpredictable. B. It’s quite stable.C. It’s not optimistic.D. It’s promising.12. A. They need more work experience. B. The salary is usually good.C. Their choice is limited.D. They have lower expectations.Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation.13. A. To work on a project. B. To study German.C. To start a new company.D. To travel around.14. A. The weather. B. The food. C. The schools. D. The people.15. A. Bring them to Germany later. B. Leave them in England.C. Visit them in a few months.D. Take them to Germany with him.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A (10%)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Keep Y our Eyes Open for Weight Loss Ads“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”“Two full inches in the first three days!”These are the kinds of statements ___1___ (use) in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, ___2___ (promise) new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they ___3___ shape the legs, slim the face and smooth wrinkles. Oftensuch products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, ___4___ is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration) can require proof that it is safe and effective before it ___5___(put) on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority ___6___ (require) premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. ___7___ a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封) of the product.One notable case a few years ago ___8___(involve) an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, ___9___ had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds ___10___ it was dangerous to health and life.【答案】1. used2. promising3. can4. it5. is put6. to require7. If 8. involved9. which 10. that【解析】本文为说明文。

2023年上海市徐汇区、金山区、松江区高三英语第一学期期末学业水平测试试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.A．to invite B．inviting C．having invited D．to be invited2．No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver ____________ obey in our country.A．will B．shallC．may D．can3．________ the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed. A．Offering B．OfferedC．To offer D．Being offered4．My cousin insisted that she ______ to Australia for further study. But the company refused her application.A．sends B．will be sentC．be sent D．would be sent5．I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A．mightn’t B．mustn’tC．needn’t D．couldn’t6．Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.A．while B．until C．since D．before7．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall. A．balance B．chanceC．memory D．place8．I think Tom will make a good monitor, ________ I’d like to vote for him.A．but B．forC．or D．so9．if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprised B．Were you surprisedC．Had you been surprised D．Would you have been surprised10．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him.A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, tookC．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take11．Ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of our government, I'd like to ________ a sincere welcome and heartfelt gratitude.A．exploit B．exposeC．expand D．extend12．I' ve heard that preparations______for the coming festival. Let's give them a hand. A．are being made B．have been madeC．are making D．have made13．Children exposed to air pollution are more to suffering from different diseases.A．possible B．probable C．likely D．certainly14．______in painting, John didn’t noti ce evening approaching.A．To absorb B．To be absorbedC．Absorbed D．Absorbing15．---What do you do, Susan?---I am a clerk in a foreign company now. But I __________English in a high school for 8 years.A．teach B．had taughtC．have taught D．taught16．The news was a terrible blow to her, but she ______the shock soon．A．got out B．got over C．got off D．got through17．—Did Linda see the traffic accident?—No, no sooner ________ than it happened.A．had she gone B．she had goneC．has she gone D．she has gone18．M y new job _______ my travelling all over the country, which means I won’t be able to spend much time with my family.A．takes B．promises C．involves D．causes19．______ the deadline, the workers had to work overtime to get the job finished. A．Giving B．Given C．Having given D．To give20．—Are you free now? I have something important to tell you.—OK, ________ you make it short. I will have to finish this report before noon. A．now that B．as soon asC．every time D．as long as第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2018-2019学年上海市徐汇区高二（上）期末英语试卷II. Grammar and vocabularySection A （10%）Directions： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.1.Keep Your Eyes Open for Weight Loss Ads"In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight．""Two full inches in the first three days!"These are the kinds of statements（1）________（use）in magazine， newspaper， radioand television ads （2）________（promise） new shapes and new looks to those who buythe medicine or the device． The promoters of products say they （3）________shape the legs，slim the face and smooth wrinkles． Often such products are nothing more than money﹣making things for their promoters， The results they produce are questionable， and some are dangerous to health．To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，（4）________ necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation． If the product is a drug．FDA（Food and Drug Administration） can require proof that it is safe and effective before it （5）________（put）on the market． But if the product is a device， FDA has no authority （6）________（require） premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness．（7）________a product already on the market is a danger to health， FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily， or it can take legal action， including seizure（查封）of the product．One notable case a few years ago（8）________（involve） an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，（9）________had been sold for reducing the waistline． The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads FDA took legal action againstthe distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds（10）________ it was dangerousto health and life．Section B（10%）Direction： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2. A． transforming B． affected C． construct D attack E range F， academicG． prohibit H． communities I． remove J． forcing K． commercialRed grouper（石斑鱼） are known for a few key characteristics﹣ their color， which can （1）________from pink to bright orange， their tastiness， whether they ' re grilled or fried；and their predation（掠夺行为） method， in which they（2）________sea creatures and swallow them whole．But their least﹣known characteristic might be the most valuable of all： They operate as underwater architects，（3）________the seascape for numerous other forms of underwater life． That surprising discovery is （4）________scientists and policymakers to readjust their approach to preserving the ocean，'s natural order﹣ and heightening tensions with thosewho fish for a living or as a hobby．A team of scientists， led by Florida State University's Felicia Coleman， recently found that the red grouper off Florida's east and west coasts have created entire ocean （5）________by digging large holes in the sea's sandy bottom． In the same way beavers （6）________dams，red grouper dig and maintain distinct holes whose rocky surfaces provide a place for coral，sponges and other marine life to gather．This new understanding is changing the way federal and state authorities manage ocean habitats and is creating a completely new crack with fishermen． "The people who are in control want to（7）________ fishing as much as possible， said Bob Jones， executive director of the Southeastern Fisheries Association． He added that the recent discoveries about red grouper amount to an"excuse they can use to restrict fishing，（8）________or recreational．"But to many researchers， fishery officials and even some fishermen the fact that fish act as environmental engineers provides a compelling reason to protect them from exploitation If you（9）________that fish， it puts into motion a whole chain of events， "said Don deMaria，who used to fish for red grouper near Key Largo， Fla， but no longer does． "There's a whole lot of other animals that are（10）________． I'm not saying you cant catch them． But you can't do it to the extent we've been doing for the last 20 years．Ill. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15%）Direction： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3. The concept of solitude（独处） in the digital world is almost non﹣existent． In the world of digital technology, e﹣mail, social networking and online videogames, information is meant to be （1）_______． Solitude can be hard to discover once ithas been given up． In this respect, new technologies have （2）_______our culture．The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a（n）（3）_______as we've knownit． People have become so （4）_______in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be． Today we can talk, text, e﹣mail, chat and blog, not only from our （5）_______but from our mobile phones as well．Most developed nations have become（6）_______on digital technology simply becausethey've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not （7）_______it would make them an outsider．（8）_______, many jobs and careers require people to be （9）_______． From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work． Being reachable might feel likea（10）_______to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times． I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who really wants it． Computers can be （11）_______and mobile phones can be turned off． The ability to be "connected"and "on"has many（12）_______, Travelers have ended up （13）_______on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives． However, they can also make people feel （14）_______and forced to answer unwanted calls or turn to unwanted texts．Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society （15）_______across generations． Some find today's technology a gift． Others consider it a curse． Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements intechnology．（1）A updatedB receivedC sharedD collected（2）A expandedB shapedC retainedD promoted（3）A missionB orbitC endD desire（4）A powerfulB intelligentC concernedD reachable（5）A mediaB computersC headsetsD monitors（6）A toughB hardC keenD dependent（7）A findingB usingC attendingD consuming（8）A AlsoB InsteadC OtherwiseD Somehow（9）A connectedB trainedC recommendedD interested（10）A pleasureB benefitC burdenD disappointment（11）A put offB shut downC taken overD set up（12）A aspectsB weaknessesC advantagesD exceptions（13）A packedB lostC survivedD floated（14）A trappedB attemptedC confusedD committed（15）A varyB ariseC spreadD existSection B（12%）Directions： Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A.B. c and d. choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. Looking back on the first twenty years of my life． I feel grateful to have been so healthy and happy． For my happiness, I am grateful to so many people and lucky events, but what have guided me and supported me in my life are my physical health, healthy finances, and my family's happiness．Health comes first for me, because without health everything else is meaningless． Imagine starting a career without good health． Imagine starting a family without good health． Imagine achieving anything without good health． Clearly, good health is the first necessary for other part of one' s life．Good health is not enough to be happy． We still need to have money in today's society． Money obviously pays for basic needs of life﹣ food, housing, clothing﹣ but it is also necessary for other reason like the quality of our education and medical care．Next comes the most important thing in having a happy life﹣our family． It provides the love, oy and support that everybody needs． I love my family with all my heart． I get pleasure from their Pleasure． I suffer when they suffer． My family helped me get through the hard times of entrance exams． They comforted and advised me when I had misunderstanding with my friends． More importantly, they have been there to share in my successes in the past twenty years．In summary, all these are what I need and want in this world． As long as I stay healthy, earn enough money, and share both good times and bad times with my family, I will always be the happiest girl in the world．（1）The writer mentions her entrance exams to prove that________．A opportunities go to those with strong beliefsB our quality of life can be improved with moneyC nothing can be achieved without a healthy bodyD family provides the support that everybody needs．（2）What is the main purpose of this passage？________A To argue about the importance of money．B To explain what are the keys to happinessC To discuss ways of dealing with difficulties．D To show people's different attitudes to happiness．（3）How is the passage organized？________A Introduction﹣Explanation﹣﹣SummaryB Examples﹣Argument﹣﹣Summary C Argument﹣Topic﹣﹣Conclusion D Topic﹣﹣Examples﹣﹣Conclusion．5. Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high﹣techdevices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets． When connected electronically, they are away from physical reality．People have been influenced to become technology addicted． One survey reported that "addicted"was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship toiPad and similar devices． One study found that people had a harder time resisting the________ of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol．The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on heir products, not to actually improve our quality of life． They have successfully created a cultural disease． Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch upon the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern．I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time﹣ sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them． I call this technology servitude． I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money． What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question． who is really in charge of my life? That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology． When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology． Mac West is famous for proclaiming the wisdom that "too much of a good thing is wonderful． "But it's time to discover that it does not work for technology．Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that"we can be swept away by our technologies． To break the grand digital connection people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today s overused technology．（1）The underlined word"allure"in Paragraph 2 probably means________．A advantageB attractionC adaptionD attempt．（2）From the passage， technology companies aim to________．A attract people to buy their productB provide the latest informationC improve people's quality of lifeD deal with cultural diseases．（3）It can be inferred from this passage that people________．A consider too much technology wonderfulB have realized the harm of high﹣tech devicesC can regain freedom without high﹣tech devicesD may enjoy life better without overusing technology．Section C（8%）Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the boxEach sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.6. A． New technology may also help．B． So if these microfibers have been found in fish and seafood， are they safe to eat？C． They can also move around the atmosphere．D． Studies are conducted on how much of the microfibers is released．E． The source of these microfibers may surprise you： your clothes．F． Washing machines keep microfibers from escaping with wash water．Are Your Clothes Causing pollution？Very small pieces of plastic， called microfibers， are polluting rivers and oceans．（1）________ Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial material，which is useful in keeping warm． But they contain very small plastic fibers， which may also be harming the environment when you wash them． when people wash these clothes，very small pieces go down the drain with the wash water．Studies on microfibers in the environmentPollution caused by plastic is not new， but recent studies have shown the effect of microfibers in the environment． Studies show very small microfibers are ending up in our waters， which may come from waste water treatment factories． a 2015 study found them in fish from CaliforniaMicrofibers， effect on food suppliesBeyond the waterways， the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands．（2）________This means there is much to be learned about microfibers and the environment． Some studies have shown that microfibers end up inside sea animals， like oysters．（3）________Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish， but it needs more study．Steps to save or keep microfibers from the environmentUntil more information becomes known， there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfibers in the environment， People should use less of the artificial materials． If we already have those in our lives and were using them， an important step would be washing them less （4）________A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes． It traps the microfibers in the bag and it may be available for purchase soon．IV. Summary Writing（10%）7. Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Sales StrategiesHow can a company improve its sales？ One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its"sales strategy"． In other words， what is the role of the salesperson？ Is the salespersons job narrative， suggestive， or consultive？The"narrative sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation． His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service．This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same and is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects on which to call．The"suggestive"approach is tailored more for the individual customer． The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customers needs． One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engagethe buyer in some sort of discussion． The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service．The final strategy demands that a company's sales staff act as"consultants"for the buyer． In this role． the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer． They do this through market research， surveys， and face﹣to﹣face discussions． Using this information， the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a consumer's needs．More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy． As a result， corporations are looking more at intangibles（无形资产）such as creativity and analytical skills and less at educational background and technical skill．V. Translation（10%）Directions： Translate the following sentences into English. using the words given in the brackets.8. 如果方便的话请帮我在面包房买点面包．（convenient）________9. 尽管下着大雨，他还是准时赶到了音乐厅．（Despite）________10. 我朋友跟我抱怨说她有时觉得根本无法和自己的父母沟通．（it）________VI Guided Writing （10%）11. Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某一件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……）设计一项新的功能来参赛．请以" My Magic______"为题写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍你的创意并说明你的设计理由．（注意：不得使用真实姓名和学校名称．）2018-2019学年上海市徐汇区高二（上）期末英语试卷答案1. used,promising,can,it,is put,to require,If,involved,which,that2. E,D,A,J,H,C,G,K,I,B3. CBCDBDBAACBCBAA4. DBA5. BAD6. E,C,B,A7. There are three types of sales strategies to improve sales．（点明主题） The narrative strategy means salespeople promoting products with standard presentations．（要点一）The suggestive approach requires salespeople to recommend a suitable product to a customer through discussion．【高分句型一】（要点二）The consultive strategy demands that salespeople get information about customers and act as their "consultants"．【高分句型二】（要点三） Nowadays more sales teams prefer the consultive approach．（总结）8. If it is convenient to you，please pick up some bread for me in the bakery．9. Despitetheheavyrain，hearrivedattheconcerthallontime10. My friend complained to me that she sometimes found it impossible to communicate with her parents．11. My Magic ShoesAs is known to us all， shoes play an important role in our life， for it can protect our feet from being hurt． However， as a boy who has athlete's foot， I am looking forward to inventing a pair of shoes helping my feet keep dry and me walk conveniently．【高分句型一】 Therefore， this new kind of shoes has come into being recently．（原因）To keep the feet dry and comfortable， this new kind of shoes is equipped with a micro fan． When you walk， a small machine changes the energy produced by walking into electric energy and stores it． If you stop walking， the micro fan can work immediately to dry your feet．（特点） However， what amazes you most is the following new function． There is a special red button in each of the shoes． If the road you are walking is flat， you can press the red button， which helps your shoes change into a roller skate with two rollers appearing beneath your shoes， and you can reach your destination quickly．【高分句型二】On arriving at your destination， press the red button again and the rollers will return to your shoes， so you can walk normally like others．（新功能）That's my magic shoes． Do you like it or would you like to have a try？（试一下）。

2021-2022学年上海市徐汇职业高级中学高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1. He walked up to cupboard near the wall and reached out for second cup.A. the ; /B. the ; aC.a; aD./; a参考答案：B2. The bank is reported in the local newspaper, _______ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. having been robbedC. to have been robbedD. robbed参考答案：C3. If we could live our life once again, I suppose many people ______ a different one.A. will chooseB. will have chosenC. would chooseD. would have chosen参考答案：C考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果我们能再活一次，我想很多人会选择一个不同的人生。

If条件句用could do表示和现在相反的虚拟语气，主句用would do。

故选C。

4. There is no doubt _____ she will be able to repay the money on time.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. why参考答案：A略5. Great changes ________ in the village in the past two years.A. have taken placeB. had taken placeC.were taken placeD. have been taken place参考答案：A6. ______in a hospital once every two years can, to some extent, make sure if we are healthy.A. ExaminedB. Being examinedC. ExaminingD. Having been examine参考答案：B7. — Hello, Jim. I ______ to see you today. Sonia said you ______ ill.—Oh, I’m OK.A. don’t expect; wereB. haven’t expe ct; areC. am not expecting; areD. didn’t expect; were参考答案：D8. Long marks on the street_______ that the driver had attempted to brake.A. appliedB. attained C indicated D. distinguished参考答案：C略9. Students are ________ the telescopes to see stars clearly.A. adjusting toB. tending toC. adjustingD. tending参考答案：C10. Thanks to Mayor Geng, great changes ____ in our city and many high-rise buildings ____ during the past20 years.A. have taken place; have set upB. were take place; were set upC. have been taken place; have been set upD. have taken place; have been set up参考答案：D11. Many retired people ____________ gardening as a hobby.A．take up B．take over C．take out D．take in参考答案：A12. _____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is ; builtB. Was ; builtC. Does ; build D .Did ; build参考答案：D13. Not all parts of the interior (腹地) of Australia are easily _____, because it is very hot and not many people live there.A. admirableB. availableC. adjustableD. accessible参考答案：D14. I think that it is Jenny, ______ her sister, ______ to blame.A. more than; areB. less than; who areC. rather than; isD. rather than; who is参考答案：D15. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.A．who B whomC．which D．that参考答案：C本题考查定语从句的引导词。

2020-2021学年上海中学高二（上）期末英语试卷1.Scientists say it may be five years ______ it is possible to test this mdelcine on humanpatients.（）A. sinceB. untilC. beforeD. when2.There is not the remotest possibility of anyone calling on me, and it is unbelievable that I____________ call on anyone else.（）A. canB. mightC. shouldD. must3.The proposal Father made this morning did sound feasible ______________ everymember of the family ______________ one-third of his or her income in case ofemergency.（）A. which, set asideB. that, set asideC. which, sets asideD. that, sets aside4.He hardly ______________ apologize for any inconvenience caused, since we know it'snot his fault.（）A. don't need toB. needsC. needD. needn't5.In the coming year, we'll see events postponed from 2020，sporting and arts events now_____________ right on top of one another, and new, entirely digital versions ofpreviously face-to-face affairs.（）A. schedulingB. scheduledC. to scheduleD. having been scheduled6.The current population of the plant ______________ fit into the state of Taxes, if Taxeswere settled as thickly as New York City.（）A. couldB. canC. willD. should7.Patients' medical notes went missing two days ago and nobody ______________ themsince.（）A. has seenB. had seenC. sawD. would see8.I'm sure he is keeping something back.I'd rather he ______________ me the truth.（）A. tellsB. toldC. has toldD. had told9. A couple of people voiced objections ______________ the patient, as it might cost morethan expected.（）A. to operate onB. to the doctor's operating onC. for the doctor to operate onD. operating on10.He's such a remarkable tennis player ______________ seems to get the credit he deserves.（）A. thatB. asC. whichD. whom11.Left to itself, the place ______________ into a prosperous civilized community.（）A. was to growB. were to growC. should have grownD. would have grown12.---You ought to have come to the party.We had a wonderful time!---______________，but I had to work overtime, so I guess I left before you got there.（）A. So ought IB. So I oughtC. So I haveD. So I did13.Nowhere else ______________ than in the high-tech industries.（）A. more software is being developedB. is more software being developedC. is being developed more softwareD. being developed more software14. A train ______________ by, shaking the walls of the row houses.（）A. rocketedB. routedC. slippedD. sailed15.Since he became famous, he has been regularly ______________ with demands forsigned photographs from admirers.（）A. identifiedB. puncturedC. bombardedD. spoiled16.Thanks to promising digital connectivity and support for industrial startups,the rise,thefirst in ten months amid the raging pandemic, ______________ the downward slide in the unemployment rate.（）A. revealedB. reflectedC. reversedD. revolutionized17.In the dim light, the candle on the table threw a huge dancing ______________ against thewall.（）A. reflectionB. impressionC. shadeD. shadow18.In some sense, years of economic recession remained an evil that ______________ thewhole national economy.（）A. droveB. touchedC. stressedD. sheltered19.Don't go jumping to conclusions；it would seem ______________ to do more researchbefore we wrap up the project.（）A. conclusiveB. competentC. sensibleD. sensitive20.If a caller claiming to be a colleague asks you for personal data, dial the number on thiscard to ______________ the statements.（）A. check outB. check withC. check inD. check offPhysicians Aren't Immune to Suicide and Depression Medicine is a tough profession. It's both tremendously rewarding and terribly demanding. Physicians are at the front lines of humanity, along with nurses, therapists and more. But being at the front lines can be risky：In a study, nearly 50 percent of doctors reporting that they were burned out.（1）______ physicians, who are on call 24/7，have it the worst, followed closely by physiciansworking in other demanding subspecialties.Studies about physician burnout are important but they typically don't reflect this group's high risk for even more dire mental health outcomes. Past research has also shown that physicians have a higher risk for suicide compared with other professions,（2）______ in the top ten of risky professions. And a recent Lancet study notes that（3）______ ，one physician dies from suicide every day in the U.S.Suicidal tendencies（4）______ the whole community. Health care systems respond with wellness meetings and other interventions but trainees still report feeling uncared for. In fact, several trainees privately tell me that they have to report fewer hours than theyactually work.Research studies（5）______ similar concerns to those I've heard. They report thatworkplace factors contribute to physician suicide "including a large workload,competitiveness of training programs, pressure of patient and service demands and therisk of（6）______ injury if physicians are forced to work in ways that conflict with their ethics and values."This new analysis is a major（7）______ for understanding and appropriately responding to the mental health crisis today. Instead of（8）______ on the past, the alarm has nowbeen sounded：Greater attention must be paid to physician well-being. We wantphysicians to be safe and well, but we also need to help patients by （9）______ good health practices. Fortunately, preventive measures are already underway. Soon, we will hopefully be able to better（10）______ part of what is missing in the current conversation about physician mental health.Trackers on Ice Just because a scientist puts a GPS tracking collar on a wild polar bear does not mean the animal will obligingly keep it on.（1）______ ，these huge collars are purposefully loose.If one becomes annoying,a bear can（2）______ it.But scientists have now found a way to use（3）______ from the discarded（丢弃的）devices."These dropped collars（4）______ would have been considered garbage data," says Natasha Klappstein,a polar bear researcher at the University of Alberta.She and her colleagues instead used（5）______ from such collars, left on sea ice in Canada's Hudson Bay, to track the ice itself.For their study, published in June in The Cryosphere, the researchers identified twenty collars that transmitted movement data in line with ice drift rather than polar bear（6）______ between 2005 and 2015.The resulting records of how melting ice typically drifts in Hudson Bay are unique.There are no easily（7）______ on-the-ground sensors, and satellite observations often cannot accurately capture the motion of small ice sheets.The team（8）______ the discarded collars' movements with widely used ice-drift modeling data from the U.S.National Snow and Ice Data Center（NSIDC）.Collar data indicated that the NSIDC model underestimates the speed at which ice moves around in Hudson Bay-as well as the overall（9）______ of drift.Over the course of several months, the model could drift away from an ice sheet's location by a few hundred kilometers, the researchers say.This means the bears may be working harder,when moving against the direction of the ice, than scientists had（10）______ ："Since we're underestimating the speed of drift, we're likely underestimating the energetic effort of polar bears," says Natasha Klappstein.The research reveals（11）______ insight into how highly mobile ice moves.As melting increases in the coming years, such ice will likely become more（12）______ farther north, in the central Artic.Scientists had known NSIDC data could underestimate drift speeds, but "any time we can find a data（13）______ ，it is a good thing."Plus, such data could improve predictions about how oil spills or other pollutants may（14）______ in seas littered with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senior NSIDC research scientist,who was not involved in the study.The findings may even（15）______ future NSIDC models："It's a really nice data set," Meier says."And certainly one we'll take under consideration."21. A. In fact B. In a way C. In addition D. In the end22. A. destroy B. remove C. resist D. reject23. A. scratches B. senses C. samples D. signals24. A. particularly B. relevantly C. intentionally D. potentially25. A. estimates B. subjects C. measurements D. patents26. A. behavior B. habitat C. manner D. motion27. A. flexible B. favorable C. accessible D. changeable28. A. overloaded B. compared C. exchanged D. traced29. A. extent B. damage C. trend D. limit30. A. agreed B. promised C. proved D. assumed31. A. valueless B. superior C. entire D. timely32. A. evident B. unique C. common D. realistic33. A. gap B. scan C. boom D. fit34. A. rise B. spread C. recover D. settle35. A. reverse B. resemble C. influence D. motivateWEach year, backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement, people are using the holiday season to call on us all to shop less.Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion, over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sights on our "consumer culture". Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day are growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop.We clearly have a growing resource problem. The produces we make, buy, and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways, biodiversity, climate and the land on which millions of people live. But to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided, and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem.While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas, environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people. For most, Christmas isn't an add-on to an already heavy shopping year. In fact, it is likely the only time of year many have the opportunity to spend on friends and family, or even just to buy the necessities needed formodern life.This is particularly, true for Boxing Day, often the target of the strongest derision（嘲弄）by anti-consumerists. While we may laugh at the queues in front of the shops, for many, those sales provide the one chance to buy items they've needed all year. As Leigh Phillips argues, "this is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such 'luxuries'，the Christmas presents their kids are asking for, or just an appliance that works."Indeed, the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account that those shopping on Boxing Day are only a small part of our consumption "problem" anyway. Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals, while ignoring such people as Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, who has his own ￡1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system？Anyway, anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choices, while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problems. It is no wonder one is changing their behaviours-or that environmental destruction continues without any reduction in intensity.36.It is indicated in the 1st paragraph that during the holiday season, many consumers______ .A. ignore resource problemsB. are fascinated with presentsC. are encouraged to spend lessD. show great interest in the movement.37.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the environmentalist movement ______ .A. has targeted the wrong personsB. has achieved its intended purposesC. has taken environment-friendly measuresD. has benefited both consumers and producers38.The example of Roman Abramovich is used to show environmentalists' ______ .A. madness about life choicesB. discontent with rich lifestyleC. ignorance about the real causeD. disrespect for holiday shoppers39.It can be concluded from the text that telling people not to shop at Christmas is ______ .A. anything less than a responsibilityB. nothing more than a biasC. indicative of environmental awarenessD. unacceptable to ordinary peopleXThis is What a REAL Silver Dollar Looks Like If you trust in the yen, the euro,and the dollar…stop reading.Because this is a story about the sliver coin EVERYBODY wants.You read the headlines.You know that troubled economic times have put global currency on a rollercoaster（过山车）ride.But millions have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver.And right now, those people are lining up to secure some of the last 2012 U.S.Mint Silver Eagles,America's Newest Silver Eagle Dollars. Today, you can graduate to the front of that line.Buy now and you can own these brilliant uncirculated Silver Dollars for only ＄38.95!You Can't Afford to LoseWhy are we releasing（发行）this silver dollar for such a remarkable price？Because we want to introduce you to what hundreds of thousands of smart collectors and satisfied customers have known since 1984-New York Mint is the place to find the world's finest high-grade coins.That's why we're offering you this Brilliant Uncirculated 2012 U.S. Silver Eagle for as little as ＄37.45（plus s/h）.Timing is EverythingOur advice？Keep this to yourself.Because the more people who know about this offer, the worse it is for you.Demand for Silver Eagles in 2011 broke records.Experts predict that 2012 Silver Eagles may break them all over again.Due to rapid changes in the price of silver, prices may be higher or lower and are subject to（受……影响）change without notice.Supplies are limited.Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before it's too late. Offer Limited to 40 per household2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost 1-4 Coins ＄38.95 each+s/h5-9 Coins ＄38.45 each+s/h10-19 Coins ＄37.95 each+s/h20-40 Coins ＄37.45 each+s/hNote：＄10 s/h（shipping and handling）for each purchaseFor fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day1-888-201-7143New York Mint14101 Southcross Drive W.，Dept.ASE177-04Burnsville, Minnesota 5533740.What is stressed in the ad？______A. The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.B. The coin can be circulated as a currency.C. Limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin.D. Demand for the coin is bound to break records.41.If you buy six 2012 U.S.Mint Silver Eagles by post, you should pay at least ______ .A. ＄230.7B. ＄233.7C. ＄240.7D. ＄243.742.The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by ______ .A. shopping onlineB. making a phone callC. lining up in front of the storesD. writing to the companyYDr. Donald Sadoway at MIT started his own battery company with the hope of changing the world's energy future.It's a dramatic endorsement（支持）for a technology most people think about only when their smartphone goes dark.But Sadoway isn't alone in boasting about energy storage as a missing link to a cleaner, more efficient, and more equitable energy future. Scientists and engineers have long believed in the promise of batteries to change theworld.Advanced batteries are moving out of specialized markets and creeping into the mainstream, signaling a tipping point for forward-looking technologies such as electric cars and rooftop solar propels.The ubiquitous（无所不在的）battery has already come a long way, of course.For better or worse, batteries make possible our mobile-first.lifestyles, our screen culture, our increasingly globalized world.Still, as impressive as all this is, it may be trivial compared with what comes next.Having already enabled a communications revolution, the battery is now poised to transform just about everything else.The wireless age is expanding to include not just our phones, tablets, and laptops, but also our cars, homes, and even whole communities.In emerging economies, rural communities are bypassing the wires and wooden poles that spread power.Instead, some in Africa and Asia are seeing their first light bulbs illuminated by the power of sunlight stored in batteries. Today, energy storage is a ＄33 billion global industry that generates nearly 100gigawatt-hours of electricity per year.By the end of the decade,it's expected to be worth over 50 billion dollars and generate 160 gigawatt-hours,enough to attract the attention of major companies that might not otherwise be interested in a decidedly pedestrian technology.Even utility companies, which have long viewed batteries and alternative forms of energy as a threat, are learning to embrace the technologies as enabling rather than disrupting.Today's battery breakthroughs come as the world looks to expand modern energy access to the billion or so people without it, while also cutting back on fuels that warm the planet.Those simultaneous challenges appear less overwhelming with increasingly better answers to a centuries-old question：how to make power portable.To be sure, the battery still has a long way to go before the nightly recharge completely replaces the weekly trip to the gas station.A battery-powered world comes with its own risks, too.What happens to the centralized electric grid, which took decades and billions of dollars to build, as more and more people become "prosumers," who produce and consume their own energy on site？No one knows which--if any--battery technology will ultimately dominate, but one thing remains clear.The future of energy is in how we store it.43.What does Dr. Sadoway think of energy storage？______A. It involves the application of sophisticated technology.B. It is the direction energy development should follow.C. It will prove to be a profitable business.D. It is a technology benefiting everyone.44.What is most likely to happen when advanced batteries become widely used？______A. Mobile-first lifestyles will become popular.B. The globalization process will speed up.C. Communications will take more diverse forms.D. The world will undergo revolutionary changes.45.In some rural communities of emerging economies, people have begun to ______ .A. find digital devices simply indispensableB. communicate primarily by mobile phoneC. light their homes with stored solar energyD. distribute power with wires and wooden poles46.What does the author imply about the centralized electric grid？______A. It might become a thing of the past.B. It might turn out to be a "prosumer".C. It will be easier to operate and maintain.D. It will have to be completely transformed.Twilight of the Brands It's a truism of business-book thinking that a company's brand is its "most important asset," more valuable than technology or patents or manufacturing prowess.But brands have never been more fragile.The reason is simple：consumers are supremely well informed and far more likely to investigate the real value of products than to rely on logos.Absolute Value, a new book by Itamar Simonson and Emanuel Rosen showsthat,historically,the rise of brands was a response to an information-poor environment.（1）______ If a car was made by G.M，or a ketchup by Heinz, you assumed that it was pretty good.It was hard to figure out if a new product from an unfamiliar company was reliable or not, so brand loyalty was a way of reducing risk.Today, consumers can read much research about whatever they want to buy.This started back with Consumer Reports,which did objective studies of products.（2）______ It has given ordinary consumers easy access to expert reviews, user reviews, and detailed product data, in an array of categories.A recent study found that eighty per cent of consumers look at online reviews before makingmajor purchases, and a host of studies have logged the strong influence those reviews have on the decisions people make.（3）______ An undesirable product can become a laughingstock （笑柄）in a matter of hours.In the old days, you might buy a Sony television set because you'd owned one before,or because you trusted the brand.Today, such considerations matter much less than reviews on Amazon and Engadget and CNET. As Simonson said, "each product how has to prove itself on its own."It's been argued that in a world where consumers are overwhelmed with information,the information will actually make brands more valuable.Indeed,the role a brand plays in people's lives has become all the more important. But information overload is largely a myth.（4）______ And this has made customer loyalty pretty much a thing of the past.Only twenty-five per cent of American respondents in a recent study said that brand loyalty affected how they shopped.A. But what really weakened the power of brands is the Internet.B. For consumers this is ideal：heightened competition has raised quality and held down prices.C. When consumers had to rely on advertisements and their past experience with a company, brands served as a guarantee for quality.D. A large quantity of consumers fail to get a great deal of information efficiently and effectively.E. The rise of social media has sped up the trend to an astonishing degree.F. Most consumers figure out how to find what they're looking for without spending huge amounts of time online.47. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F48. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F49. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F50. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F51.Can advertising support a free Internet？The supporters of an open, democratic Internet,funded mainly by advertising, are facing some big questions about how their vision willunfold.A freely accessible digital world,（1）______ websites and social networks are open to all, is the dream of many.But critics wonder if this is desirable or even possible.Brands（2）______ （shift）a huge proportion of their marketing budgets into online advertising in recent years.But while many campaigns hit the spot, others（3）______ be annoying, intrusive and irrelevant.To discuss the future of online advertising,the Guardian teamed up with advertisingtechnology provider AppNexus to run a roundtable discussion.The discussion wasconducted under the Chatham House Rule,where comments were made on condition that they were not attributed to the speakers,（4）______ （encourage）a free-flowing discussion.A key point of argument in the discussion was（5）______ the Internet should befunded.One participant was passionate about the ad-funded model："It is a wonderful tool for accessing information, for consuming information and for the distribution of brands."But another thought that the quality of content on the Internet inevitably suffers "（6）______ you have other resources to fund it." There are fears that ad revenue is insufficient to pay for all the content that is needed for the web."Generally speaking, the ad-funded model puts a downward pressure on the quality of content."The discussion returned to the question：will advertising continue as the main source of funding for the web,（7）______ （fuel）its growth？Digital advertising faces some serious challenges if it is to keep the web free-one of which is concerns over the ethics of tracking people's online behavior（8）______ their permission.The success of online ad campaigns is determined by the data that brands can access about Internet users.How old are they？What are their interests？Are they male or female, single or with children？Much of this data will be collected from cookies（9）______ （download）on to users' computers.Cookie data allows web publishers to track users' online journeys and observe the actions they take on different websites.They can then sift through（筛选）data to identify（10）______ （appropriate）places to run the ads.52.到底是什么让这位住院医生成为医术精湛的外科医生？（it）（汉译英）______53.这位名人如此注重健康，人们不禁惊叹于他的自律。