tsunami海啸介绍英语PPT

A tsunami in Japan
• This is a picture about the tsunami in Japan • As we knew,a tsunami happened in Japan because of the earthquake .As a result, it caused a series of problems .It was in Japan that a large number of people lost their life .And many buildings were destroied. It was the natural disaster that people could not hold back .
An unusual phenomenon about the tsunami in Japan!!!
• Mariners who escaped the onslaught of the tsunami soon had to contend with another peril - the appearance of vast whirlpools off the coast of Japan.刚刚逃 过滚滚而来的巨大海啸浪涛的船员还来不及喘息，就又将面对另一处险象环生的挑 战——在日本近海岸线上出现的巨大漩涡。 The powerful vortices appeared yesterday morning when the oceans, swollen by the vast surge of water, began to recede. The powerful vortices appeared yesterday morning when the oceans, swollen by the vast surge of water, began to recede.在广大淹水地区出现“退水”的情况下，出现威力强劲的大漩涡。 As the water levels fell, whirlpools hundreds of yards wide appeared, sucking everything into the themselves and creating new danger for passing boats.随着水位的下降，漩涡的范围扩张到几十码的区域，它毫不留情滴将周围的所 有一切都吸入其内，这又给过往的船只造成了新的危险。 Whirlpools are created by rising and falling water - and are a common feature of tsunamis. But they are rarely as spectacular - or as well photographed.漩涡是由于水涨水退的变化而引起的，是海啸所常常伴随的现象，但 拍摄到如此大规模的海啸，的确实属少见 Dr Simon Boxhall, of the National Oceanography Centre in Southampton, said: 'It's exactly the same thing that happens when you take a plug out of a bath or sink.来自南安普敦国家海洋学中心的西蒙·博克斯霍尔教授说，“这样情况就 如同与你将蓄满时的鱼缸或水槽的塞子拔掉一样。”

3.Do not raise your hand or struggle in the water. Minimize movement and float on the water with waves.
5.Try to be as close to other people as possible.
6.if you fall into the water during the tsunami, try to catch floating objects such as planks while avoiding collision with other hard objects.
THANKS
Tsunamis
Group member:
CONTENTS
1 Introduction 2 Victim 3 Reaction 4 Prevention
1
The Introduction of Tsunami
1 The Introducห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ion of Tsunami
Tsunamis are destructive waves caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, underwater landslides, or climate change. The speed of tsunamis can be as high as 100m/s to 200m/s in the ocean. And it can cross the ocean within hours. The wavelength can reach hundreds of kilometers and the tsunami can spread thousands of kilometers with little energy loss. The waves are less than a meter high in the ocean, but when they reach the coast, their wavelength is shortened and the wave height increases dramatically, reaching tens of meters, forming a "water wall" with enormous energy.

Do not raise your hand in the water, do not struggle. You should reduce the movement as far as possible. float in the water with the wave is what you are expected to do . You will not only avoid sinking, but also reduce the unnecessary energy consumption by doing this.
If you are unlucky enough to fall into the water in a tsunami, please try to grab some branches, boards and other things that can be suspended in the water.
5
1
The global tsunami zone is roughly the same as the earthquake zone. Tsunami is mainly controlled by submarine topography and coastline geometry and wave characteristics. The walls of the wave ice have been repeated every few minutes or tens of minutes, destroying the Banks, flooding the land, destroying the property, which is extremely destructive.

Step 2: Keep a radio on hand at all times and take official warnings seriously. People who live in areas prone to Tsunamis must always follow official warnings and directions right away.
Step3:Abandon Belongings ;Save your life, not your possessions. Don't take anything with you except a prepared emergency kit. When leaving an area that is expecting a Tsunami, getting out quickly is vital to survival. Just get yourself and your family and go.
It is the fourth strong earthquake in the history. It triggered tsunami which spread eight countries in Southeast Asia and killed more than 200 thousand people.
Step4:Go to an Upper Floor or Roof of a Building Only if trapped and unable to reach high ground, go to an upper story of a sturdy building or get on its roof. Step5:Climb onto Something that Floats If swept up by a tsunami, look for something to use as a raft. Grab on to large floating debris and hang on.You may get injured, but this step could save your life.

Step3:Abandon Belongings ;Save your life, not your possessions.
Don't take anything with you except a prepared emergency kit. When leaving an area that is expecting a Tsunami, getting out quickly is vital to survival. Just get yourself and your family and go.
How To Escape From A Tsunami?
Step 1:
Be aware of natural Queswtioan r2n: ings. Tsunamis are whatcwaouulsd eyodu dboyin etheatrstuhnaqmui?akes
on the ocean's floor. However, some inland areas will feel the quake days before a Tsunami hits. This was the case in Chile in 1960. After feeling the tremors(震动), many people took action and headed to high ground early.
Step 2: Keep a radio on hand at all times and take official
warnings seriously. People who live in areas prone to Tsunamis must always follow official warnings and directions right away.

Southeast Asia Tsunami 2004
The sea bed is estimated to have risen by several meters, displacing an estimated 30 cubic kilometers (7 cubic miles) of ocean water and triggering devastating tsunami waves
The massively bigger India and Australian plates easily “shove” the smaller Burma microplate（缅甸微板 块） around
Southeast Asia Tsunami 2004
Seismographic data revealed that the first phase involved a rupture about 400 kilometers (250 miles) long and 100 kilometers (60 miles) wide, located 30 kilometers (19 miles) beneath the sea bed, which is the longest rupture ever known to have been caused by an earthquake
Southeast Asia Tsunami 2004
Then a pause of about 100 seconds took place before the rupture continued northwards towards the Andaman and Nicobar Islands There was a vertical change along the rupture that ranged from a few meters up to 50 meters

Translation:
What does the Japanese word “tsunami” mean? Tsunami is a Japanese word with the English translation, “harbor wave.” Represented by two characters, the top character, “tsu,” means harbor, while the bottom character, “nami,” means “wave.”
Tsunami vs. Wind Wave:
Tsunamis are often no higher than wind-driven beach waves but they are much more dangerous.
Historic tsunamis
• Highest or tallest The tallest tsunami ever recorded so far is the 1958 Lituya Bay megatsunami(立图亚湾巨型海啸）, which had a record height of 524 m (1742 troyed town after being hit by a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
The Development of a Tsunami:
• A tsunami starts when a huge volume of water is quickly shifted. This rapid movement can happen as the result of an underwater earthquake (when the sea floor quickly moves up or down), a rock slide, a volcanic eruption, or another highenergy event. • Not all earthquakes generate tsunamis. To generate tsunamis, earthquakes must occur underneath or near the ocean, be large and create movements in the sea floor. All oceanic regions of the world can experience tsunamis, but in the Pacific Ocean there is a much more frequent occurrence of large, destructive tsunamis because of the many large earthquakes along the margins of the Pacific Ocean.

The fire has been under control. 火势已受到控制。 Don’t worry, everything is under control. • out of control 失去控制 The forest fire was out of control.
这场森林火灾失去了控制。 v. 控制 • I can control it. =I can manage it.我能对付(口语)
I prefer quality to quantity.
精选ppt
★root [ru:t, rut] ①n. 根，根茎 root of… ……的根 take root 生根 come out 长出来 shoot come out 发芽（shoot n. 芽） flower come out 开花 ②n. 本质;根源 the root of the problem ③v. 使立定不动；使固定
❖
使……变弱，削弱
❖ dark
使……变暗，模糊
精选ppt
1、Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.
Fear rooted her to the ground. 她吓的呆若木鸡。
精选ppt
❖ ★blacken ['blækən]
❖ v. 变黑，发暗
❖ The smoke has blackened the walls.
❖ 烟把墙熏黑了。
❖ -en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……”
❖ weak adj. 虚弱的——> weaken v.

The true reason that causes a tsunami:
• A tsunami is a large ocean wave that is caused by sudden motion on the ocean floor. This sudden motion could be an earthquake, a powerful volcanic eruption, or an underwater landslide. The impact of a large meteorite could also cause a tsunami. Tsunamis travel across the open ocean at great speeds and build into large deadly waves in the shallow water of a shoreline.
2:What action should we take to keep us safe f
• Tides versus Waves • Tides and Waves are two natural phenomena that appear similar when it comes to their characteristics. Tides are periodic rise and fall of large masses of water. They are caused by the gravitational interaction that exists between the Earth and the Moon. On the other hand waves are caused by the winds blowing on the surface of the ocean or even lakes. This is one of the important differences between tides and waves.

大规模的海底滑坡扰动水体引起海啸。
气象原因引起。一般表现为风暴潮。
周期：发生海啸时，从海底到海 面的整个水层都会发生剧烈“抖 动”，其“抖动”周期为2-200 分钟，最常见的是2-40分钟。 波速：海啸传播速度随海区深度 的增大而增大，在4000米水深的 大洋中，速度可达713千米/小时。
浪壁
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海啸来时怎么办？？？
• 感觉地震或长时间的震动时， 应 立即离开海岸，跑向高地或海边坚 固的高级饭店。 • 听到海啸警报时，应立即切断电源， 关闭燃气 • 如果不幸落水，应抓住木板等漂浮 物，不要游泳，能浮在水面上即可。 避免与硬物碰撞 • 海水偏低时，不要脱衣服 • 不要喝海水，因为海水不但不能解 渴，还会使人产生幻觉。
• 千万不要冲向岸边去观看海啸，当你看到海啸波再逃已为 时已晚。大多数海啸夹杂着固体残骸像山洪爆发一样。 • 即使是非破坏性海啸，所有向公众发布的预警信息都要认 真对待，1960年5月发生的智利海啸之所以在夏威夷希洛 造成61人死亡就是因为有些人认为警报是错误的
• 智利地震引发海啸过 后一片狼藉
现代科技应对海啸
屏障一：在辽阔的近海海域内，分布着大小数千个岛屿礁滩。 这些岛屿构成了一个环绕大陆的弧形圈，形成一道海上屏障 ; 屏障二：在我国近海外侧又有日本九州、琉球群岛，以及菲律 宾诸岛拱卫，又构成另一道天然的防波堤。
日本琉球群岛爆发海啸对我国上海、 江浙地带将产生影响；台湾岛东侧海 域爆发海啸将对我国台湾东岸地区产 生影响；菲律宾群岛西侧海域、苏拉 威西及加里曼丹北部海域爆发海啸将 对我国东南沿海地区产生影响。
首先，将我国沿海分为3个区域:其一为台 湾东部沿岸 ; 其二为大陆架沿岸 ; 其三为渤海 沿岸，这三部分的相对频率分别是200、50 和12，比率是16:4:1，可以说，第一部分海 域受远洋海啸影响的频率较高，第二部分略 有影响，第三部分几乎没有影响。

Tsunami

What is tsunami ?
• Looking like a "water wall", tsunami is a kind of strong and destructive waves whose high range can be up to more than ten meters to dozens of meters . • A tsunami is a huge ocean wave that can travel at speeds up to 965km/h,hundreds of miles over open sea beafore it hits land.
How to survive it?
• Move away from the beach and to higher ground as soon as you can. • You're not out of danger after the first wave of tsunami.
congratulations
what cause the tsunami ?
• • • • Earthquakes undersea landslides mud slides the influence of the cosmos
How to survive it?
run or die
How to survive it?
thank you for watching!
you survived it
Finally
• Tsunami is a natural disaster.We should set up more advanced warning systems along the shores,on the islands and in man-made staellites.Besides,we should protect our oceans further instead of destroying them.

海啸(hǎixiào)
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第一小组
What is the tsunami？
·Tsunami is a kind of waves,which has a strong
destruction.
·The waves nd their height
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The end
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Please remember
• You're not out of danger after the first wave of a tsunami.
• Move away from the shoreline and go to higher ground as soon as you can.
（一个明显(míngxiǎn)的海啸即将来临的征兆是“缺点”，当海水快速退去或沿 海岸线水位异常下降。）
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How to predict
it?
Experts believe that a receding ocean may send out a warning and give people five minutes to evacuate[ɪ'vækjʊeɪt]（撤 退 ）. (chètuì)
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How to predict it?
A great warning sign of an approaching tsunami is "drawback",when the seawater recedes quickly or the water level fall unusually along the shoreline.