情态动词和虚拟语气讲练(附高考真题练习和答案)

专题08情态动词和虚拟语气Step 1 篇章品读积出来的素养读出来的高分短文改错【2018·全国二】When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

如何判定情态动词和虚拟语气一、意义和语气判断法所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。

因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是答题的前提。

此外，情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，所以在解答此类试题时，要从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合说话者的语气以及特定的情感需要。

【例1】(浙江卷) George ____________(not go) too far. His coffee is still warm.【分析】can’t/couldn’t have gone由下文的His coffee is still warm.可以看出，乔治应该是刚离开，不可能走太远，表示对过去发生的事情非常有把握的否定推测，故填can’t/couldn’t have gone。

二、时间判断法虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的动作进行虚拟。

判断出时间后再根据相应的结构或句型确定谓语动词的形式。

【例2】(天津卷)I wish I ____________(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.【分析】had been句意：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。

根据句中的but可知“我参加了妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语last Tuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had＋过去分词”结构。

故填had been。

三、情态动词和虚拟语气增分攻略①情态动词不能单独作谓语，需和后面的实义动词或be动词构成谓语：情态动词＋do/be；表对过去的猜测时用“情态动词＋have done”。

②情态动词后应接动词原形，后接形容词或名词时需与系动词be构成系表结构。

高三英语虚拟语气与情态动词试题答案及解析1. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they_____ to our help.A．would have come B．could come C．have come D．had come【答案】A【解析】这里when引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的名词months;根据谓语动词were可知事情发生过去，or后是对过去的虚拟，所以应该用would have done，故选A。

句意：在我们进行调查期间他们在国外，要不然的话他们就来帮忙。

【考点】考查虚拟语气。

2. (2014·蜀光中学月考)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I________the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.A．couldn’t have taken B．mustn’t have takenC．needn’t have taken D．didn’t need to take【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。

句意为：昨天天气很好，我本不必麻烦随身带伞的。

根据句意可知C项正确。

needn’t have done本没有必要做而做了。

答案：C3. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.A．Were he to leave B．If he had left C．Did he to leave D．Had he left【答案】A【解析】句意：要是他明天离开，在星期五之前就会到那里。

这里的were he to leave today="If" he were to leave today, 为虚拟语气，if条件句谓语中如果有系动词were，助动词should,had可将它提到主语前面，省去if.所以选A。

高二英语虚拟语气与情态动词试题答案及解析1.If the dog hadn’t woken us, we wouldn’t have noticed the fire and it _____ to the house next door.A．could spread B．should have spreadC．would spread D．might have spread【答案】D【解析】句意：如果狗没有叫醒我们，我们就不会注意到火，它可能已经蔓延到隔壁家去了。

对过去情况进行虚拟，主句用would/maight/should/sould+have done。

故选D。

【考点】考查虚拟语气。

2. The manager considers it is important that everything _______ by weekend.A．will complete;B．has completed C．be completed D．is completed【答案】C【解析】句意：经理认为一切要在周末之前完成很重要。

这里使用了固定句型：It is +adj+that从句，从句的谓语使用虚拟语气，谓语是should do，should可以省略，另外everything和complete是被动关系，所以选C。

【考点】考查虚拟语气3. If he _______ his leg in the last training, he _______ the coming London Olympics, which he has been longing to compete in.A．didn’t hurt; would go in forB．hadn’t hurt; would have taken part inC．hadn’t hurt; would join inD．didn’t hurt; would have taken part in【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

高中英语情态动词和虚拟语气练习题(带答案)1.如果不是他那天的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。

正确答案：A。

如果没有过去完成时，这句话就没有虚拟语气。

应该改为“如果他没有邀请我那天，我现在就不会在这里了。

”2.XXX是个很会说话的人。

现在是他做点什么而不是只说话的时候了。

正确答案：D。

应该改为“XXX是个很会说话的人，现在是他行动的时候了，而不是只说话。

”3.XXX又一次失败了。

如果他练得更努力的话，他现在就能通过考试了。

正确答案：B。

应该改为“如果他练得更努力的话，他就能通过考试了。

”4.如果不是巴黎圣母院着火了，一个以其大量艺术珍品收藏而闻名的教堂，我这个暑假就会去那里参观了。

正确答案：A。

应该改为“如果没有圣母院着火，我这个暑假就会去那里参观了。

”5.你怎么又考试不及格了？如果我是你，第一次就能通过。

正确答案：B。

应该改为“你怎么又考试不及格了？如果我是你，第一次就会通过。

”11.I was stuck in a traffic jam for more than an hour。

otherwise I wouldn't have kept you waiting for such a long time。

(Changed "over" to "more than" for clarity and corrected "you" to "I".)12.Despite suffering from the blood disease。

the girl acted as if nothing had happened when facing her friends and family。

(Changed "XXX" to "nothing had XXX.)13.As the XXX approaching。

全国五年真题——情态动词、虚拟语气2011全国卷,32They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

【解析】句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。

”will have done 将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。

but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。

【2011全国卷II,8】If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may【答案】C【考点】考查情态动词的用法。

【解析】句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。

”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。

根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。

【2011北京卷,24】——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not【答案】D【考点】考查情态动词的用法。

【解析】句意为“——我真不喜欢James。

你为何请了他？——别担心。

他可能来不了。

他说他的计划还没安排好。

”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。

选D。

个性化教学辅导教案【词汇串烧】Wildlife ProtectionDinosaur s died out because of an unexpected incident. But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm to it. For example, tigers are hunt ed for fur to make carpet s so that they can only live in secure reserve s; grassland is destroyed without mercy so that dust storms come into being affect ing distant cities.Last year, scientists saw some monkeys rub bing themselves with a certain kind of insect s to protect themselves from fierce mosquito es biting. According to the result of the inspection, they found that the insect contain s a powerful drug, so local farmers were employ ed to catch the insects. The ending was that the insects disappeared from the whole zone. When told that it was a loss to humans, the farmers burst into laughter and respond ed, “Our real loss is our decreasing income.”We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife protection. Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace, can we smile in relief.保护野生动植物恐龙因一次意外事件而灭绝，但是今天的野生动植物却是因为人类的伤害而消失或处在危险中。

2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（北师大版2019）第三章核心语法专题40 情态动词和虚拟语气用法讲练测(五年真题+备考策略+名校模拟+原创语填) 原卷版目录一、高考真题—情态动词和虚拟语气5大考点25例真题分类通关 1二、备考策略—情态动词和虚拟语气5大考向+思维导图+考点归纳 4一、五年高考真题分类通关真题调研一：if虚拟语气条件句的用法1.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am.2.（2018北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers.3.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach4.（2017北京卷）If the new safety system _______(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.5.（2017江苏卷）_______it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overe her difficulty.6.（2016北京卷）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________(tell) me, I could have helped.7.（2016天津卷）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I would _________(injure).8.（2016浙江卷）Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDSrelated deaths would not_______(fall) since their highest in 2005.9.(2014福建卷)________ there no modern telemunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.10.(2013北京卷)If we ______(book) a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.真题调研二：虚拟语气含蓄条件句的用法11.（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________________(have) a good time together.12. （2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________(acplish) the task in half the time.13.（2017天津卷）—Do you have Betty’s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ______(be) able to reach her yesterday.14. (2015重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn’t __________(write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.真题调研三：虚拟语气在特殊句型中的用法15.（2018江苏卷）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.16.（2018江苏卷）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to beemore involved.17.(2015天津卷)I needn’t ___________(worry) before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.18.(2015天津卷)I wish I ______(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.真题调研四：考查“情态动词+have done”的用法19.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.20.(2015福建卷)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.—Oh, it's too bad. You should ____ (make) e full preparations.真题调研五：考查“情态动词+be done”的用法21.（2024全国甲卷）What should (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.22.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.23.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.24.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, position, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind?25.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.二、情态动词和虚拟语气考点支架式备考策略一、情态动词和虚拟语气高考考向动向一、情态动词表示推测的用法动向二、情态动词+be+过去分词的用法动向三、情态动词+have+过去分词的用法动向四、if虚拟语气条件句的用法动向五、虚拟语气在特点句型中的用法二、情态动词和虚拟语气思维导图三、情态动词的基本用法1. 表示“可以”时常用may，can；表示“不可以”用can't。

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。

例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。

故填has walked。

68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

2.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。

句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。

主语instruments 为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。