川东北元坝地区长兴组礁滩储层地震预测
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四川盆地元坝气田长兴组生物礁识别与储层精细刻画技术王 浩1 简高明2 柯光明1 徐守城1 吕其彪11.中国石化西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院2.中国石化西南油气分公司工程技术研究院摘 要 四川盆地北部元坝气田上二叠统长兴组生物礁具有埋藏深、生物礁呈条带分布、单个生物礁规模小、纵向发育多期等特点,储层薄且非均质性强,生物礁地震识别与储层预测难度大。
为了提高该区生物礁气藏的开发效益,在单井解剖的基础上,从多个维度开展生物礁识别,剖析生物礁形态,雕刻生物礁内幕结构,刻画生物礁空间展布,并利用叠后、叠前反演技术和最大似然裂缝预测技术开展储层及裂缝预测,采用频率衰减、数据结构变化等技术手段开展流体识别,最终形成一套针对元坝气田长兴组生物礁识别与储层精细预测的技术体系。
研究结果表明:①正演模拟和地震多属性技术能准确识别元坝长兴组生物礁,古地貌恢复和三维可视化技术能刻画生物礁的平面展布及其内幕结构;②长兴组单礁体可分为单期礁和双期礁,礁体组合可分为纵向进积式、纵向退积式、横向并列式、横向迁移式和复合发育模式;③相控叠后地质统计学反演技术能大幅度提高储层预测精度,较之于相干和曲率等裂缝预测方法,最大似然裂缝检测技术的精度更高;高低频属性和拉梅系数等多属性信息融合可识别流体。
结论认为:①基于“相控储、储寻优、优找甜”的思路开展储层预测及流体识别,所建立的技术体系能有效预测生物礁储层分布;②运用该技术体系对元坝气田生物礁储层进行井位部署和钻井跟踪,提高了钻井成功率和储层钻遇率。
关键词 四川盆地 元坝气田 晚二叠世 生物礁 多期次 储层预测 裂缝预测 流体识别DOI: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2019.S1.018基金项目:国家科技重大专项“超深层复杂生物礁底水气藏高效开发技术”(编号:2016ZX05017-005)。
作者简介:王浩,1982年生,高级工程师,硕士;主要从事地震资料解释与储层预测等方面的研究工作。
川东北地区长兴组台缘礁滩带沉积结构及储集层分布严张磊;邢凤存;段金宝;胡华蕊;吴嗣跃【摘要】利用露头、钻井、分析化验及地震资料,对川东北地区晚二叠世长兴期开江—梁平陆棚东、西两侧及城口—鄂西海槽西侧发育的三排台缘带沉积结构与礁滩储集层进行对比,识别出迁移-加积型和加积型两种台缘带沉积结构.迁移-加积型台缘带发育有元坝一龙岗—兴隆场和镇巴—城口—利川两个台缘带,生物礁滩具有明显的横向陡缓相间结构,缓坡区台缘斜坡和礁滩迁移明显,分布广,陡坡区加积明显;加积型台缘带主要为铁厂河—普光—罗家寨台缘带,横向上存在地貌陡缓差异,台缘礁滩集中发育,迁移不明显.沉积期古地貌和海平面变化联合控制台缘礁滩发育及储集层总体分布,生物礁滩主要分布在高位体系域中—上部,白云岩储集层普遍发育于高位体系域晚期,且陡坡区白云岩厚度大.储集层的分布具有明显的垂向差异性和分段性,长一段加积型台缘带易于形成白云岩储集层,陡坡区白云岩化略强;长二段多排生物礁滩共存的迁移-加积型台缘带易于形成连片的白云岩储集层,而加积型台缘礁滩白云岩化带较窄.%Using the data of outcrop,drilling,laboratory analysis and seismic,the paper compares the sedimentary textures and reef-flat reservoirs of 3 sets of platform margin zones developed on the east and west sides of Kaijiang-Liangping continental shelf and the west side of Chengkou-Exi trough during the Changxing Period of the Late Permian in the northeastern Sichuan basin,and identifies 2 sedimentary textures of migration-aggradation type and aggradation type.The platform margin zone of migration-aggradation type mainly consists of 2 platform margin zones of Yuanba-Longgang-Xinglongchang and Zhenba-Chengkou-Lichuan,the biological reef flat has an obvious steep-gentle alternatingstructure,the platform margin slope and reef flat in the gentle slope area are characterized by significantly migration and wide distribution,and obvious aggradation occurs in the steep slope area.The platform margin zone of aggradation type is dominated by the platform margin zone of Tiechanghe-Puguang-Luojiazhai,in which the geomorphology is different laterally,and platform margin reef flats are developed concentratedly and have no obvious migration.Both the palaeogeomorphology and sea level changes during deposition controlled the development of platform margin reef flat and the overall reservoir distribution.Biological reef flat is mainly distributed in the middle-upper parts of highstand system tract,dolomite reservoir was generally developed at the late HST period and the thickness of the dolomite reservoir in the steep slope area is larger than that in the gentle slope area.The reservoir distribution is featured with obvious vertical difference and segmentation.The dolomite reservoir tends to form in the platform margin zone of aggradation type in the first member of Changxing formation and slightly strong dolomitization is noted in the steep slope area.Contiguous dolomite reservoir tends to form in the migration-aggradational platform margin zone in which multiple rows of biological reef flat co-exist in the second member of Changxing formation,and relatively narrow dolomitized belts are distributed in the aggradational platform margin reef flat.【期刊名称】《新疆石油地质》【年(卷),期】2018(039)003【总页数】7页(P311-317)【关键词】川东北地区;长兴组;台缘带;生物礁滩;沉积结构;储集层分布【作者】严张磊;邢凤存;段金宝;胡华蕊;吴嗣跃【作者单位】油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室成都理工大学,成都610059;成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610059;油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室成都理工大学,成都610059;成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610059;中国石化勘探分公司,成都610041;油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室成都理工大学,成都610059;成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610059;中国石油西南油气田分公司川东北气矿,四川达州635000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TE111.3川东北地区晚二叠世长兴期在开江—梁平地区发育深水沉积,前人称为海槽[1]和陆棚[2],该深水区具有向北深度增加的特点,总体应为深水陆棚,为此,本文称为开江—梁平陆棚,该陆棚两侧及城口—鄂西海槽西侧发育三排碳酸盐岩台缘礁滩相带(图1)。
元坝气田长兴组超深层缓坡型礁滩相储层精细刻画龙胜祥;游瑜春;刘国萍;冯琼【摘要】The burial depth of the Changxing Formation in Yuanba gasfield ,Sichuan Basin,is nearly 7 000 meters,the biological reef-shoals are small in scale and scattered in distribution ,and the reservoirs are small in thickness and poor in poroperm characteristics and connectivity .In addition ,the gas field has a complex gas-water contact ,and high contents of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide .All of these make the gas development in the study area very difficult .For effective development of the gas reservoir ,a series of technologies has been innovatively integrated to finely characterize the reef -shoal reservoirs and their inter architecture .Firstly,the major factors controlling the development of favorable reservoirs are summarized and a reef-shoal development pattern is built based on study of stratigraphy ,sedimentary facies,modern reef-shoal deposition and diagenesis .Secondly ,under the guidance of the reef-shoal development pattern ,logging interpre-tation and reservoir identification are performed and a forward geological model is established by integration of well -seismic data,and then the reservoir distribution is predicted through sensitive seismic attributes extraction and inversion . Thirdly,the distribution of reef-shoal reservoirs is characterized by integrating geological constraints with seismic tech-niques,such as profile identification,plane constraint,3D boundary delineation,and connectivity detection.Finally,the reservoir connectivity and the spatial distribution offavorable reservoirs are analyzed .Via this workflow , three structure models of reef-shoal reservoirs are established to support the production planning and well deployment in the Changxing Formation of Yuanba gas field .%四川盆地元坝气田长兴组气藏埋深达7 000 m左右,生物礁滩规模小、分布分散,储层薄、物性和连通性差,加之气藏具有复杂的气-水关系和高含硫化氢、二氧化碳,其开发属世界级难题. 为实现该气藏规模、有效开发,作者创新和集成一系列技术,对生物礁滩储层及其内部结构进行了精细刻画. 首先,在该区层序划分、沉积微相研究和现代礁滩相研究、成岩作用研究成果基础上,总结了有利储层发育的主控因素,建立了礁滩储层发育模式. 第二,以此发育模型为指导,开展测井储层识别与物性评价,进而井-震结合建立正演地质模型,利用地震敏感属性提取及反演方法,预测了储层平面展布. 第三,采用地质约束、地震技术相结合的方法,通过剖面识别、平面约束、三维边界雕刻、礁滩体连通性检测和三维精细雕刻,精细刻画了生物礁滩储层空间展布. 最后,分析了生物礁体之间的连通性以及优势储层空间分布情况,总结建立了该区长兴组生物礁储层3种主要结构模型,为元坝长兴组气藏开方案编制与开发井部署提供了技术支持.【期刊名称】《石油与天然气地质》【年(卷),期】2015(036)006【总页数】7页(P994-1000)【关键词】精细刻画;礁滩储层;长兴组;元坝气田;四川盆地【作者】龙胜祥;游瑜春;刘国萍;冯琼【作者单位】中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083;中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083;中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083;中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TE122.2四川盆地东北部元坝气田长兴组气藏发现于2007年11月,在2009年启动元坝气田长兴组气藏开发评价时,面临井控低(仅11口/1 000 km2),井资料少,认识程度低,气藏埋藏深度在7 000 m左右,三维地震主频低(25 Hz左右),分辨率低;储层为礁滩相储层[1],礁体和滩体个数多而规模小,展布分散,储层单层薄、物性差且与非储层形成多层复杂叠置。
第27卷 第3期O I L &G AS GE OLOGY 2006年6月 收稿日期:2006-04-26 第一作者简介:刘殊(1962—),男,高级工程师、博士生,油气地震勘探 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40472110)文章编号:0253-9985(2006)03-0332-08川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组礁滩相储层预测刘 殊1,2,唐建明2,马永生3,赵 爽4(11中国地震局地质研究所,北京100021; 21中国石油化工股份有限公司西南分公司,四川德阳618000; 31中国石油化工股份有限公司南方勘探开发分公司,云南昆明650200; 41成都理工大学能源学院,四川成都610059)摘要:普光气田有典型的台地边缘斜坡相沉积,在斜坡上沉积大型礁滩相储层,礁滩相储层出现比较明显的烟囱效应———地震剖面表现为波阻杂乱和中断,出现下拉。
通过对已知气田分析建立起储层预测方法,在川东北地区进行全面的储层预测应用。
研究发现,通南巴构造带上的马路背构造和苍溪九龙山构造存在典型的台地边缘相层序地层特征。
预测的苍溪礁滩相具有典型的进积型层序地层特征,在地震剖面上并且具有可靠的波组下拉现象。
预测苍溪一带有可能存在一个特大型长兴组-飞仙关组礁滩相气田。
马路背礁滩相层序地层特征和普光气田基本上相同,为一个斜坡带,其上可能发育大型礁滩相储层,预测可能为一个大型气藏。
关键词:烟囱效应;下拉现象;地震相;层序地层;鲕粒滩;生物礁滩相;川东北地区中图分类号:TE111.3 文献标识码:APred i cti on of reef and shoa l fac i es reservo i rs i nChangx i n g -Fe i x i a nuan Forma ti on s i nnorthea stern S i chuan ba si nL iu Shu1,2,Tang J ian m ing 2,Ma Yongsheng 3,Zhao Shuang4(1.Geological Institute of Earthquake A dm inistrative B ureau of China,B eijing 100021; 2.Southw estD ivision Co m pany,S I NO EPC,D eyang,S ichuan 61800; 3.Southern Exploration andD evelop m ent D ivision Co m pany,S I NO PEC,Kunm ing,Yunnan 650200;Chengdu U niversity of Technology,Chengdu,S ichuan 610059)Abstract:Puguang gas field has typ ical sl ope facies on p latf or m margin .Large reef and shoal facies reservoirs have been deposited on the sl ope with relatively obvi ous chi m ney effect,i .e .chaotic and disrup ted wave gr oup s with push 2down shape .The reservoir p redicti on method has been devel oped on the basis of analyzing the known gas fields .It is then used t o make a comp rehensive p redicti on of the reservoirs in northeastern Sichuan basin .It is f ound that the Malubei structure in T ongnanba structural z one and J iul ongshan structure in Cangxi County show the characteristics of typ ical sequence stratigraphy of p latf or m margin facies .The p redicted Cangxi reef and shoal facies show the characteristics of typ ical p r ogradati onal sequence stratigraphy with reliable push 2down .It is p redicted that there would possibly be a super large reef and shaol facies gas field in Changxing -Feixianguan For mati ons in Cangxi area .The sequence stratigraphic characteristics of the Malubei reef and shoal facies are basically the sa me with that in Puguang gas field,i .e .a sl ope z one where large reef and shoal facies reservoirs would have been devel oped .It is,therefore,p redicted that there would be a large gas reservoir . 第3期刘 殊,等:川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组礁滩相储层预测333 Key words:chi m ney effect;push 2down;seis m ic facies;sequence stratigraphy;oolitic shoal;organic reef and shoal facies;northeastern Sichuan 普光气田为近年来中国南方海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探的重大成果之一,它是一个受构造与岩性双重控制的气田,储层由长兴组生物礁滩相储层与下三叠统飞仙关组鲕滩相储层构成。
四川盆地元坝区块长兴组层序地层格架研究文章充分利用岩芯、钻井、测井、测试等方面资料,并结合井剖面层序地层研究成果,以及长兴组地震相关研究成果,进行层序地层格架特征分析。
通过展开上述工作,获得的认识包括:①在元坝地区长兴组为一个二级层序,在其内部识别出了3个最大海泛面,划分为四个三级层序,分别命名为SQ1至SQ4;②在长兴组二级层序旋回中,SQ1为低位充填型层序,主体发育分布于海槽以西的台地;SQ2为退积型层序。
SQ3为前积型层序,SQ4为低位层序(只有LST),其中SQ3的FSST,SQ4的LST规模较大。
标签:层序地层格架研究;四川盆地;元坝区块;长兴组1 前言川东北地区天然气勘探始于20世纪50年代,至20世纪末在四川盆地东北部在勘探上已取得了重大突破。
近期,中石油又在仪龙、平昌一带龙岗构造获得重大突破,此外,元坝地区也于最近有了较大的突破,再次显示了川东北地区巨大的天然气勘探开发潜力。
现今川东北地区长兴组天然气勘探有了重大突破,成绩斐然,但是就总体勘探程度来看,仍显偏低,尚有十分广阔的前景,本文着眼于对长兴组层序进行精细研究,了解储层发育的控制因素,确定储层纵横分布,为下一步的油气勘探目标选择和决策提供有价值的科学参考依据。
2 区域地质概况元坝地区行政上隶属于四川省苍溪、阆中、巴州、旺苍等县市(区),区域构造位置位于南秦岭米仓山推覆构造带南缘、大巴山弧形冲断构造带的西南侧。
元坝地区的北侧为九龙山背斜构造带、东北侧为通南巴背斜构造带、西南部为川中隆起,属于川中平缓构造带的一部分,处于川北坳陷与川中隆起的过渡带上。
元坝地区(巴中区块)的持证勘探面积为3230.0km2。
3 井震结合标定层位YB9井(图1)位于研究区的东南部地区,处于碳酸盐岩台地沉积相带。
元坝9井合成记录顶底对应情况较好,中部对应一般,可能是由于薄互层灰岩影响下测井数据误差较大所引起。
长兴组底部为高速生屑灰岩,地震剖面上表现为一套光滑、连续、强振幅显示,为标志层。