高三英语第一轮单元知识点复习18

〖Unit 18 Beauty〗之小船创作(对应学生用书第126页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．superior adj.高级的，上等的2．adore vt.敬爱，非常喜欢3．breathless adj.令人屏息的4．accompany vt.伴随，陪同5．range n. (数、量、年龄等的)变化范围6．subjective adj.主观的7．thrill n. 兴奋；恐惧v. 使兴奋8．deliver vt.递送，传送9．delicate adj.精美的，雅致的10．dignity n. 尊贵；庄严11．vain adj.自负的，炫耀的12．steady adj.平稳的；稳定的13．convey v. 传达，表达14．vertical adj.垂直的，竖的15．conscience n. 良心16．dimension n. 方面；度量17．symphony n. 交响乐，交响曲18．polished adj.优雅的，精致的19．shabby adj.低劣的；肮脏破烂的20．abrupt adj.突然的，出其不意的Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等)→commitment n. 责任，义务，承诺2．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的→consistency n. 连贯性，一致性3．command n. 命令，指挥→commander n. 指挥官4．access n. 接近，进入，通道，利用……的权利/机会→accessible adj.容易理解的5．refresh vt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshing adj.使人精神振作的→refreshment n. 恢复精神，心旷神怡6．disturb v. 打扰，使不安→disturbing adj.使人烦恼的→disturbance n. 扰乱，骚乱，不安7．tend v. 有……的趋势，倾向于……→tendency n. 倾向，趋势8．freeze v. 将……冷冻，冻僵→freezing adj.严寒的，冰冻的9．bend v. 弯曲n. 弯曲，转弯处→bent adj.弯曲的10．treat vt.对待→treatment n. 对待，处理11．strike vt.打；打动n. 罢工，打击→striking adj.引人注目的，突出的12．evident adj.明显的，明白的→evidence n. 证据；征兆13．recommend vt.推荐，介绍→recommendation n. 推荐，介绍14．breath n. 呼吸→breathe v. 呼吸→breathless adj.令人屏息的15．affect vt.影响；打动→affection n. 爱慕；钟爱Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible(access)，and preserve its history and culture.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)2．Now we have the most direct evidence(evident) yet that he is right.(2017·北京高考)3．I was completely breathless(breathe) when I got to the top of the mountain.4．He remained consistent(consist) in his opposition to anything new.5．He felt refreshment(refresh) after he talked with his girlfriend.6．He had a novel and disturbing(disturb) experience last year.7．The secretary abruptly(abrupt) left the conference room.8．The commander commanded that all actions should beat his command．(command)9．There is an increasing tendency that more and more famous people tend to send their children to study abroad.(tendency)10．To be a member of the team，I need your recommendation．Can you recommend me to your teacher？(recommend)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．The species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.2．To be honest，I don't think your team can get the first place in the match.3．They had their marriage house repainted in preparation for the wedding.4．If you like astronomy，you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars，planets，spacecraft，spacemen，etc.5．Compared to/with his brother，he is very lucky. 6．Mr. Li is in charge of the big company while I'm away. 7．They fell in love with each other at first sight. 8．Don't rely on him to do anything；he's just a talker.9．He was trapped in the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.10．His mother bought him a set of novels of Dickens when he was at middle school.11．His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.12．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost sight of it.[拓展联想]⑤in charge of 负责；管理“to be honest”相似短语精选①to be frank 坦率地说②to be sure 确定地说③to be more exact 更准确地说④to start/begin with 首先⑤to tell(you) the truth 实话告诉你[句式结构仿写]教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.否定转移结构Oh，I don't think that's fair！1.我想他无法回答这个问题，是吗？I don't think he can answer the question，can he？2.so引导的部分倒装句So do I...2.我比我们班的大多数学生都安静一些，她也是。

Unit 5-Unit 6 提纲挈领Unit 5理解：要点诠释单词1.choose讲：choose v.挑选；选择；决定；宁愿；情愿choice n. 选择；入选者；精选品adj.极好的；精选的例：I had to choose between two job offers.我得在两个工作建议中选一个。

I chose to go to the cinema alone.我决定一个人去看电影。

Employees can retire at 55 if they choose.如果雇员愿意的话，可在55岁退休。

They offered him a choice of job.他们为他提高了一个选择工作的机会。

She is the obvious choice for the job.她是这项工作的最合适的人选。

链接·提示(1)cannot choose but除做……外别无他法；只得He cannot choose but obey.=He has no choice but to obey.他只得服从。

(2)by choice 出于自己的选择I wouldn’t go there by choice.让我选择，我不会去那里。

(3)of choce(for sb./sth.)（用于名词后）精选的；特选的It’s the software of choice for business use.这是商务专用软件。

练：—Can I help you,sir?—I’d like to buy a TV set.—This way,please.We have many types for you________.A.to chooseB.to choose fromC.chooseD.to buy提示:从句意看，有很多种型号只能是供挑选，不可能是供买，排除D项；从结构看，应该使用动词不定式的复合结构作定语，故排除C 项；“从中挑选”应该是choose from。

高考英语单元知识点复习Unit18unit 16理解:要点诠释单词1.insist讲：vt. 坚持(要)；坚持说，坚持认为例:he insisted on checking every item.他坚持要检查每一个项目。

they insisted that everyone should come to the party.他们坚决要求每人都要来参加晚会。

链接•提示(1)insist后接宾语从句，表示“坚决要求”做某事时，从句中用“should+动词原形”，或省略should。

(2)insist后接宾语从句，表示“坚持认为”时，从句中用正常形式。

(3)insist on/upon doing sth.坚持做某事练:(1)tom insisted that what he said true and we insisted that he and have a look.a.be;should gob.should be;should bec.was;god.was;would go提示:题干中第一个insist作“坚持认为；坚持说”讲，宾语从句中陈述语气；第二个insist作“坚决要求”讲，宾语从句中用should do 或省略should。

答案:c(2)（XX江苏模拟）the man insisted __________________a taxi for me even though i told him i lived nearby.a.findb.to findc.on findingd.in finding提示:本题考查insist on doing sth.。

答案:c(3)—why was professor zhang unhappy recently？—because the theory he insisted on______________________ wrong.a.provedb.provingc.being provedd.was proved提示:本题受insist on doing sth.的影响，很容易误选b项。

高三英语高考第一轮复习——Book I Unit 17－18人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：高考第一轮复习——Book I Unit 17－18（一）重点单词（二）重点短语（三）重点语法二. 知识精讲：（一）重点单词1、inspire1) The victory inspired the whole country.2) Such an achievement inspired me to work still harder.3) The father inspired his son with confidence.2、admire1) I sat down to admire the view.2) I admired her for her courage.3、mean1) He is very mean with/about/over money.2) It’s very mean of you not to let the children play in the snow.3) Let’s take a mean course.4) Accepting the job means living abroad.5) I didn’t mean to start an argument.6) I said I would help him and I meant it.7) —You’re joking. —No, I mean it.4、threaten1) Nuclear weapons threaten the peace and security of the world.2) The clouds threaten rain.5、regret1) How I regret the days when I had played and should have studied.2) We regret to inform you that the job has been filled.3) He regretted having been that careless.6、bother1) Don’t bother me with such a foolish question.2) I’m sorry to have b othered you.3) You needn’t bother to ask me.4) Don’t bother to get dinner for me. I’ll be dining out.7、promise1) He promised to get me a position.2) He promised the doctor to stay only for a moment.3) Father promised me a nice present for my birthday.4) He promised that everything would be ready by Friday.5) This year promises a good harvest.6) It promises to be fine tomorrow.8、bear1) The pain is more than I can bear.2) He can’t bear to be laughed at.3) We will bear all the expenses.4) The ice is strong enough to bear your weight.9、grow1) I grew up in a small village.2) During the next week the wind grew stronger.3) It was growing dark.4) She has grown to like studying English.5) My anxieties grew as my daughter grew.6) Her interest in piano grew day by day.7) The population of China is still growing.10、thankful1) You should be thankful to have arrived at your destination safely.2) I was thankful for my good fortune.3) He was thankful that his house had escaped the fire.11、settle1) They decided to settle in the small village.2) We must settle down and start the plan.3) With so many problems to settle, he couldn’t sleep well.4) He settled to buy a car.12、some 大约 adv.1) It is some 3,500 kilometers.2) Some thirty of the teachers attended the meeting.（二）重点短语1. come to terms within terms of: They spoke of it in terms of praise.in the long termin the short termon good/bad terms with sb.2. as it is 以现在的样子，根据现在的情况看I thought things would be fine, but as it is, they are getting worse.3. become ofWhat has become of her?What will become of the child if I leave?4. out of 在……外面；出于（动机或原因）；缺乏lie down out of the cold windThe bird flew out of the cage.We helped him just out of kindness/pity.I’m beginning to feel out of patien ce.out of work out of control out of danger out of order 5. struggle throughstruggle to one’s feetstruggle to one’s knees6. take possession ofin possession ofin the possession of7. take control ofin control ofin the control oftake charge ofin charge ofin the charge of8. make up1) The Maori people make up 6 percent of the population.2) He made up a lie for his being late.3) She made up and went to the ball.4) We still need $5 to make up the sum.5) John must make up the work he missed.6) He is making up the bed.7) I haven’t made up my shopping list.9. turn to1) She always turned to a dictionary when she didn’t know the word.2) They turned to keeping deer.3) Please turn to Page 5.回忆：add to lead to adapt to respond to devote…tobe used to stick to get down to look forward to pay attention to prefer…to… contribute to refer to get close to due to owing to owe…to… reply to on one’s way to object to live up to10. of high qualityof + 抽象名词=adj. 表示品质、特征。

Unit 17—Unit 18知识要点聚焦1．重点词汇单词：disability, ability, waste, fair, potential, gifted, assist, sympathy, encouragement, visual, adjust, victory, participate, conduct, accessible, patent, officer, background, reject, possibility, otherwise, connection, previous, aware, dusty, pilot短语：get around, get about, get used to, allow for, get stuck, break away from, be aware of, trial and error, after all, keep track of2. 重点句型He bought his girlfriend flowers. =He bought flowers for his girlfriend.A desktop computer is a computer which is designed for use on a desk.Mozart, whose music is popular all over the world, showed his talent in music at a very young age.I enjoy visiting places where the hotels are cheap and people are friendly.3. 交际用语I probably couldn’t ...If I ... I would be able to ...I would try to ...The invention can help people...The new invention will make it possible for people to ...重点考点精释1．Potential n. 潜能；潜力 adj. 潜在的；可能的People now believe that we use only 1% of our brains’ full potential.She has artistic potential as a musician.She was the first to realize the potential danger of their situation.The film is likely to be a potential best seller.2. launch vt. 首次开设；发起；开始；发射The company launched several branches in the satellite cities.Of five landing missions launched in 1965, all five failed.They launched a fierce attack against their enemies.The company has launched an expansion program.They launched a new satellite into space.3. challenge v. & n. 向某人挑战；对……提出异议Teaching young children is a challenging and rewarding job.Our school challenged the local champion team to a football much.Dare you challenge her view?So teaching gives me peace, variety and challenge.4. impair vt. 损害；损伤The illness had impaired his ability to think and concentrate.A lifetime spent with animals has greatly impaired his speech.注意 impair 常用过去分词与visually/hearing/mentally/physically 等单词搭配，表示“视力、听力、智力、身体”等方面受“损伤”而有障碍：Bell had a more than casual interest in this，for he himself was hearing impaired.．We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife.注意motivated也可用作形容词，表示“有积极性的”：We need to work effectively and be highly motivated．．My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.After accession into WTO government should adjust its functions．He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.When you go to a new country，you must adjust yourself to new manners and customs． They learned to adjust their farming habits to the climate and soil there.辨析adapt/adjustAdapt 侧重多方位全面的或心理社会等因素的大幅“协调”；adjust程度弱些，侧重事物物理因素的“调整，调节”：He adapted/adjusted himself to the cold weather.The desks and seats can be adjust to the height of each child.参加，参与（in）7. participate vi.How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games?．She has great ability in teaching physics.9. assist v．帮助；援助The headmaster’s deputy assists with a lot of things.You will be required to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report．The president assisted the teachers to get better paid.10. sympathy n．同情，同感The premier expressed sympathy for the workers out of a job．I have been a prisoner，so I have a lot of sympathy with other people in prison.Now they are all in sympathy with the travel plan．11．reject vt．拒绝；抛弃He rejected their invitation．We rejected his idea for a music club，and decided to have an art club instead.They rejected damaged goods.辨析refuse与reject两者都有“拒绝”之意，refuse不仅可用来拒绝别天的请求和要求，而且还可用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助；其后能跟不定式；reject不能用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，其后不能跟不定式。

第18讲非谓语动词之动词不定式（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题动词不定式考点细目表时间卷次语法填空/短文改错/单项选择2023年新高考I卷语法填空: to bite；作宾语to be lifted 作宾语补足语新高考II卷语法填空:/全国甲卷语法填空: to teach 作目的状语短文改错： /全国乙卷语法填空: /短文改错：to washing改为to wash 作目的状语北京卷语法填空: to address 作目的状语浙江卷(1月)语法填空:/(6月)语法填空: /天津卷单项选择：/2022年新高考I卷语法填空: to increase 作目的状语新高考II卷语法填空: to see作目的状语全国甲卷语法填空: ：to journey作后置定语短文改错： /全国乙卷语法填空: to strengthen 作目的状语短文改错： /北京卷语法填空: to harm 作后置定语浙江卷(1月)语法填空: to continue 作宾语(6月)语法填空:/天津卷单项选择：To keep作目的状语2021年新高考I卷语法填空: /新高考II卷语法填空: to educate 作目的状语全国甲卷语法填空: to walk 固定句型作主语短文改错：全国乙卷语法填空: to have 作宾语短文改错：北京卷语法填空: to invest 作后置定语浙江卷(1月)语法填空: to plant 作目的状语(6月)语法填空:天津卷（第一次）单项选择:（第二次）单项选择:2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年对于动词不定式主要考查：1．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）；2．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型；3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。

【备考策略】1.系统归类不定式的用法;2.熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。

【命题预测】预测2024年高考语法填空和短文改错对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点，尤其是考查不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型。