高考英语语法简要复习资料-定语从句
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高考英语 14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法
高考14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法定语从句一、定语从句用法讲解用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般跟在先行之后。
用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词。
关系代词有who, whom, whose(指人)；that, which(指物),用来代替先行词。
that也可以指人,which 不能指人。
who, whom, which, that 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语；whose在定语从句中作定语。
例如：This is the boy who is good at English.This the boy (whom) Mr. Cheng teaches every day.This is the boy whose father is an English teacher.This is the desk whose leg is broken.= This is the desk the leg of which is broken.= This is the desk of which the leg is broken.This is the book that/which was bought by Tom yesterday.This is the book (that /which) he bought yesterday.This is the book whose cover is gone.注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语可以省略。
用来引导定语从句的副词（when, where, why）叫关系副词。
when, where, why代替前面的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
例如：I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.This is the reason why Li Ping is often late for class.二、定语从句用法定语从句是中学阶段的语法重点，也是历年高考的热点。
高中英语语法：定语从句精华知识点复习
定语从句在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
一、关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种（一）关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that，as等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money？借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词the man）He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
（定语从句修饰先行词he）The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。
（定语从句修饰先行词the chairman）2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。
There are some people (whom/who)we like and others (whom/who) we dislike.有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。
（定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others）The people whom I work with are all friendly.和我一起工作的人都很友好。
（定语从句修饰先行词the people,介词后）Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。
定语从句+课件+2025届高考英语一轮复习
4. They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.
5. The fish (which )we bought were not fresh.(宾语)
(主语)
1.2 关系代词who, whom
who, whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语，指人。
Please describe an occasion where you met difficulties. 请描述你所遇到的困境的场景。
1. I still remember that day when I first came to Nanjing. I still remember that day. I first came to Nanjing on that day.
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. (2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时
I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时
1.3 关系代词whose
whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物。 1. Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
2. This is the book whose cover is blue.
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
5. The fish (which )we bought were not fresh.(宾语)
(主语)
1.2 关系代词who, whom
who, whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语，指人。
Please describe an occasion where you met difficulties. 请描述你所遇到的困境的场景。
1. I still remember that day when I first came to Nanjing. I still remember that day. I first came to Nanjing on that day.
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. (2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时
I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时
1.3 关系代词whose
whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物。 1. Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
2. This is the book whose cover is blue.
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
高考英语语法复习——定语从句
高考英语语法复习之
定语从句
1 英语和汉语中定语从句有什么区别？
观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分 People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are
most likely to harm their health,C. 服用药物减肥的,a 人,b 很可能损害他们的健康,c。
“两定”：判定先行词与从句谓语动词的关系→ 确定关系代词或关系副词(兼顾人/物)。如先行词在 从句中作主语，表语，宾语，定语(先行词与谓语动 词无直接关系，先行词与其后的名词有所属关
3
系)，主补，或宾补，用关系代词；如先行词在从句 中作状语，用关系副词；
“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证 其句子结构的完整性。
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited the headmaster ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited ，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where或in which。
3
6. This is the school___th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_/_省__略__ I worked in ten years ago.
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited，先行词在从 句中作visited的宾语，因先行词为物，故引导词用that， which或省略。
3
2. This is the school_W_h_e_r_e_/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ I worked ten years ago.
【答案】 A—b; B—a; C—c。
1
英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以 引导词作为标志；汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“ 的”为 标志。
定语从句
1 英语和汉语中定语从句有什么区别？
观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分 People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are
most likely to harm their health,C. 服用药物减肥的,a 人,b 很可能损害他们的健康,c。
“两定”：判定先行词与从句谓语动词的关系→ 确定关系代词或关系副词(兼顾人/物)。如先行词在 从句中作主语，表语，宾语，定语(先行词与谓语动 词无直接关系，先行词与其后的名词有所属关
3
系)，主补，或宾补，用关系代词；如先行词在从句 中作状语，用关系副词；
“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证 其句子结构的完整性。
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited the headmaster ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited ，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where或in which。
3
6. This is the school___th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_/_省__略__ I worked in ten years ago.
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited，先行词在从 句中作visited的宾语，因先行词为物，故引导词用that， which或省略。
3
2. This is the school_W_h_e_r_e_/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ I worked ten years ago.
【答案】 A—b; B—a; C—c。
1
英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以 引导词作为标志；汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“ 的”为 标志。
2025高考英语一轮复习语法专题：专题四 第1讲 定语从句
4.引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别
关系词
位置不同
表意不同
既可以放在主句前，也 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动
as 可以放在主句后，有时 词多用see，know，expect，say，
还可插入主句中
mention，report等
which 通常放在主句之后
意为“这一点”或“这件事”等
As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake. 正如每个人所看到的一样，这头大象像一条蛇。 The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。 She married again，which was unexpected. 她再婚了，这是始料未及的。
2.that和which引导的定语从句 that代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行词只能是 物。使用这两个关系词要注意以下两点： (1)6种只用that引导定语从句的情况。 ①先行 词是 all ，everything ，anything ，nothing ，something ，little ， much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 ②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时。 ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词 最高级时。 ④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时。
5.定语从句中的主谓一致 (1)关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保 持一致；先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade.给我的那台录音机 是国产的。
高中英语定语从句讲解详版(复习版)
on which(=on the day)
=
先行词是时间时，并非都用when引导从句 来修饰，试比较：
☆ Do you still remember the
when days _________there was no electricity? 从句中缺少时间状语
together?
vt.
☆ Do you still remember the days(which/that) we spent ____________
with whom 6. Do you know the girl ____ ______ our head teacher is shaking hands? for _____ 7. I can’t find my dictionary ____ which I paid over $100 . 8. This is the good car ____ which I on _____ spent all my money. to/for whom 9. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect . for _____ 10. The teacher ____ whom you have been waiting is coming in a minute.
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.
高考英语语法专题复习讲义定语从句
高考英语语法专题复习经典讲义定语从句定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用………的‟表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
2而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
2025届高考英语-定语从句复习-课件
teacher.
注意3：介词＋关系代词
关系代词的 先行词表人
选用
先行词表物
whom which
先行词的意义和搭配
介词的选用
从句中的动词或形容词的搭配 根据句子的意思判断
表示“整体和部分关系”常用of
(A
)1.I still remember the day
______ which I first got to Paris.
判断下列句中that在定语从句中所作的成分 ①This is the reason (that) he told me. ②The village is no longer the one that was 5
years ago.
5. whose 引导的定语从句，既可修饰 人 ，也 可修饰 物 ，whose 在从句中作 定语。 ①I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana. ②The club whose members are music fans
先行词为物
不缺成分
【 】 4.I still remember the day _w_h_e_n_our new school was built.
Step6 定语从句解题思路
一看从句
二看先行词在句中作何成分
三看是否特殊情况
所作成分
关系词
主语
who（人），which（物），that（人/物）
宾语
who/whom（人），which（物），that（物）
were almost lifelike. (2020新课标Ⅲ卷)
4. They were well trained by their masters _w_h_o__ had
注意3：介词＋关系代词
关系代词的 先行词表人
选用
先行词表物
whom which
先行词的意义和搭配
介词的选用
从句中的动词或形容词的搭配 根据句子的意思判断
表示“整体和部分关系”常用of
(A
)1.I still remember the day
______ which I first got to Paris.
判断下列句中that在定语从句中所作的成分 ①This is the reason (that) he told me. ②The village is no longer the one that was 5
years ago.
5. whose 引导的定语从句，既可修饰 人 ，也 可修饰 物 ，whose 在从句中作 定语。 ①I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana. ②The club whose members are music fans
先行词为物
不缺成分
【 】 4.I still remember the day _w_h_e_n_our new school was built.
Step6 定语从句解题思路
一看从句
二看先行词在句中作何成分
三看是否特殊情况
所作成分
关系词
主语
who（人），which（物），that（人/物）
宾语
who/whom（人），which（物），that（物）
were almost lifelike. (2020新课标Ⅲ卷)
4. They were well trained by their masters _w_h_o__ had
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
高考英语复习定语从句
语法复习四：定语从句（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。
1）用that而不用which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。
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定语从句定语从句是每年高考中必考的语法项目之一，而引导定语从句的词通常是历年来考查的重点。
对于定语从句的引导词，应该重点把握以下要点：一、只能用that引导定语从句的情况：1．先行词是everything, nothing, anything, all, much, many, a lot, few, little, none 等时。
如：He was so hungry that he ate up everything that was put in front of him.He saw much that was bad.There is little that I can do for you.2．先行词被序数词或the last修饰时。
如：He is the first student that I got to know in this school.This will be the last thing that I will do.3．先行词被最高级修饰或先行词本身就是最高级时。
如：This is the most interesting film that I have seen this year.This book is the most expensive that I have bought so far.4．先行词被all, every, some, next, any, no, many, much, the only, the very等修饰时。
如：He is the very man that I am after.5．一些以who, which开头的句子，为了避免重复，也要用that作关系代词。
如：Which is the book that you have just paid for?Who is the person that you are looking for?6．先行词既指人也指物时。
如：We talked about the things and persons that we still remembered.7．the way用作先行词时，引导词用that或in which，也可省略，但不能用which。
如：This is the only way（that / in which）you can work out this problem.8. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(只限于限定性定语从句)。
如：Mr. Smith still talks like the man that he was ten years ago.二、只能用which引导定语从句的情况：1．在引导非限定性定语从句，且which指代前面的整个句子时。
这一用法是高考的一个热点。
如：Mary failed in the examination, which worried her mother a lot.2．在介词的后面只能用关系代词which来指代前面表示物的名词。
如：I bought a lot of books yesterday, most of which are in English.三、as和which引导非限定性定语从句的区别：1．从句意上讲，as引导的非限定性定语从句通常表示“正如……，正像……的那样”；而which引导非限定性定语从句时指代前面整个句子的内容。
如：Taiwan is part of China, as is known to all.China is making rapid progress, as everybody can see.Mary didn’t pass the driving test, which made her very sad.2．从位置上讲，as引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句子的前面、后面，甚至可放在这个句子的中间。
因为，实质上，as引导的非限定性定语从句是一个插入语，用来对一个句子进行附加说明。
故它在句中的位置比较灵活；而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在先行词的后面。
如：As is mentioned above, our school still calls for many skilled teachers.He is late again, as is often the case.Many people, as you know, are learning foreign languages.He changed his mind, which made me very angry.3．从搭配上讲，as引导的非限定性定语从句中的谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词。
如：see, hear, know, expect, guess, hope, remember等；而which 引导的非限定性定语从句中的谓语动词则没有这样的特点。
如：The weather turned out fine, as we had expected.She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.四、“介词+关系代词”结构：“介词+关系代词”也是历年来各省市高考的一个热点。
对于这个结构应重点把握如下几点：1．关于“名词+of which / whom”结构。
这种结构表示一种所属关系，在名词的前面通常有定冠词修饰。
这个结构常常可以转化为“whose+名词”结构。
如：The house, the gate of which faces south, belongs to the Smiths. ＝The house, whose gate faces south, belongs to the Smiths.Mr. Smith, the house of whom was robbed, reported it to the police. ＝Mr. Smith, whose house was robbed, reported it to the police.2．关于“数词+of which / whom”结构（数词还可以被some, many, most, each 等不定代词替换）。
在这个结构中，介词of表示一种部分与全体的关系。
这时，其中的数词可以后置，放在关系代词which或whom的后面，构成“of which /whom+数词”的结构。
这时的介词of不可换成其他任何介词。
如：The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. ＝The buses，of which most were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd．I met some foreigners yesterday, two of whom are from the US. = I met some foreigners yesterday, of whom two are from the US.3．关于“介词+关系代词”结构。
非限定性定语从句的关系代词前如果带有一个介词时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)。
如：Mr. Green, for whom money is not a problem now, still lives a simple life.They arrived at a small town, from which it is only a short way to Shanghai.且which和whose还可修饰一个名词，作这个名词的定语。
如：He got to the station at five yesterday afternoon, by which time the trains to Beijing had all left.This is Mr. Brown, by whose car I came to New York.五、当表示时间、地点、原因、方式的名词作先行词时，不能一概用关系副词when, where, why或“介词+which / whom”引导定语从句。
若引导词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词或“介词＋which / whom”引导定语从句；若引导词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，则应用关系代词引导定语从句。
试比较下面的句子：1) I’ll never forget the days (that / which) I spent with my teacher.(that / which在定语从句中作宾语)2) I’ll never forget the days when (=on which) I joined the army.(when在定语从句中作时间状语)1) This is the reason which he gave me for doing it.(which在定语从句中作宾语)2) Do you know the reason why he came late?(why在定语从句中作原因状语)1) You can see the way in which his mind works when he reads his books.(in which在定语从句中作方式状语)2) Is there any way that can be found to solve the problem?(that在定语从句中作主语)1) It is the house that was built two years ago.(that在定语从句中作主语)2) It is the house where I was born.(where在定语从句中作状语)六、定语从句与强调句型的区别：定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词在所引导的从句中作某种成分，而强调句中的that或who在句中不作任何成分。
七、定语从句与同位语从句的区别：引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语或表语时可以省略，而引导同位语从句的that在句中不作任何成分，也不能省略。
如：This is the suggestion (that) he put forward.（定语从句）He gave me a suggestion that we should start at 5 o’clock. （同位语从句）八、几个特殊先行词后的定语从句：1. reason为先行词时, 若引导词在从句中作状语，则用why引导，若引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，则用that或which引导。