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高考英语第十章简单句并列句复合句知识精讲只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫做简单句。
The old man lives in this village .（一个主语+一个谓语）Li Qing and Li Hui went there together.( 并列主语+一个谓语)She went out ,bought a bottle of wine and returned hurriedly.(一个主语+三个并列谓语)They are twins.（一个主语+连系动词+表语）She always keeps the room clean and tidy.(一个主语+一个谓语)英语简单句五种基本句型（一）:基本句型一: 主+系+表此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做连系动词.系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem, feel, remain, prove, smell, sound，hold, stay, stand（保持）等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn, come ,go ,等属另一类,表示变化.其中be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它系动词仍保持其部分词义.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2. The dinner smells good.3. His face turned red.4. Everything looks different.5. He is growing tall and strong.连系动词不用于被动语态（若用作行为动词除外）。
【正】The apple tastes sweet .这苹果尝起来很甜。
【误】The apple is tasted sweet.●作表语的一般不能是-ly结尾的副词，否则句子不能成立。
高考英语语法复习：简单句、并列句、三大从句及特殊句式（一）简单句和并列句单句语法填空1．Whitecollar workers in China are willing to postpone their retirement age bluecollar workers prefer to retire early.while解析：句意：在中国，白领愿意推迟退休年龄而蓝领则更希望早退休。
并列连词while在此表示对比。
2．For much of that time, she wanted to fly, never had the chance until now.but解析：她想飞，但一直没有得到机会，前后为转折关系，故填but。
3．As a visitor or guest in a Chinese home or restaurant, you will find that table manners are essential in our daily life!either解析：根据空后的or可知，这里填either构成either...or... “……或者……”结构。
句意：作为一个游客或者客人，在中国人的家里或者餐馆里，你会发现餐桌礼仪在我们的日常生活中很有必要。
4．The visitors had just left the museum they heard a bomb explode at the exit.when解析：句意：这些游客刚离开博物馆就听到出口处传来炸弹爆炸的声音。
这里用had just done sth. when...句式表示“刚做完某事就……”。
5．However, it is reported that eating bad food for a long term not only makes us put on weight but can lead to other health problems such as diabetes, and that it can also affect our mental state result in depression.and解析：“影响精神状况”与“导致抑郁”是顺承关系，故用并列连词and。
英语句子结构分类英语句子结构分类：简单句，并列句和复合句的概念及区别1.简单句：无论句子长短，只包含一套主谓结构，句子中个个成分都是单词或短语。
有时主语或谓语可以是并列结构。
请划出下面句子的主谓宾成分。
The accident happened yesterday afternoonOur English teacher is thirty years old.He put the dictionary in the backpack.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.She kept the door open.My classmates and friends all received my Christmas cards and thanked me very much.2.并列句: 由并列连词and/but/or/so/however/for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来。
如：Come here and I’ll help you. 请划出两个分句并判断各分句的成分。
并列连词：一、表转折的并列连词主要有but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，却)等二、表选择的并列连词主要or (或者，还是，否则), either, or (不是、就是), neither, or,(既不、也不) otherwise (要不然)等。
三、表联合的并列连词主要有and, not only, but also,(不但,而且), when(=and just at this time 就在这时)等。
四、表因果的并列连词主要有for(因为), so(因此)等。
并列句例句：1. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _____but_____prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look__while_____my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, ___and____it was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man，__but/yet_______he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析：But/yet转折连词。
高考英语句子的结构英语作为一门重要的科目，在高考中占据着很大的比重。
其中，对于英语句子结构的理解和运用是非常关键的。
本文将探讨高考英语句子的结构及相关使用技巧，以帮助考生提升写作和阅读理解能力。
一、简单句结构简单句是指只包含一个完整主谓宾结构的句子，它是英语中最基本的句子结构。
一般由主语、谓语和宾语构成，也可以只有主语和谓语。
1. 主谓结构主谓结构是最简单的句子结构，主要用来陈述事实、描述事物或表达观点。
例句1：She dances gracefully. （她优雅地跳舞。
）例句2：He speaks fluent English. （他说流利的英语。
）2. 主谓宾结构主谓宾结构是简单句中最常见的结构形式，通常用来表达动作的接受者或对某事物的陈述。
例句1：My father bought a new car. （我父亲买了一辆新车。
）例句2：They have finished their homework. （他们已经完成了作业。
）二、并列句结构并列句是由两个或多个并列的简单句组成，它们之间通过连词连接，可以平行、对等地表达两个或多个相互关联的信息。
1. 并列句（并列连接词）并列连接词是连接并列句的重要组成部分。
常见的并列连接词有"and"、"but"、"or"、"so"等。
例句1：I like playing basketball, and she prefers swimming. （我喜欢打篮球，而她更喜欢游泳。
）例句2：He is very talented, but he lacks confidence. （他很有才华，但他缺乏自信。
）2. 并列句（逗号连接）在并列结构中，也可以使用逗号来连接简单句。
例句：He is honest, hardworking, and reliable. （他诚实、勤奋且可靠。
漫滴州演漏市慢寨学校专题四各具特色的句法——简单句、并列句、三大从句及特殊句式（二）定语从句单句语法填空1．I have made a habit of saying“Thank you” to those offer their seats to thefellow passengers on public transport.who解析：句意：我已经习惯对那些在公共交通工具上把座位让给同车的乘客的人说声“谢谢”。
设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
2．Finally, after four hours, they arrived at the campsite their parents werewaiting.where解析：句意：最后，在4个小时之后他们到达了营地，他们的父母正在那里等着他们。
先行词为campsite，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3．At Pets Corner, we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach to everything we do.that解析：句意：在宠物角，我们总是试图去将一种诚实和道德的方法运用到我们做的所有事上。
此处先行词为不定代词everything，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that。
4．At 16, I left home to do parttime jobs, made me understand “East or west,ho me is the best” better.which解析：第二个逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，引导词作主语且代替前面的整个句子，故用which引导。
5．By the way, it’s my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to Tianjin again, has changed a lot since 2019.which解析：分析句子结构可知，句中含有一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tianjin，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
专题四各具特色的句法——简单句、并列句、三大从句及特殊句式第一讲简单句和并列句[思维导图]一、简单句简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。
简单句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。
1．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)What’s worse，I don’t communicate well in my family.更糟糕的是，在家庭中我不善交流。
And I can play outside too!我也可以在外面玩！2．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当。
I plan to find a part－time job in a foreign capital company.我计划在一家外资公司里找一份兼职。
3．主语＋系动词＋表语(1)本句型中的连系动词以be为最多。
此外还有少数其他的连系动词，如appear，become，get，grow，look，prove，remain等。
(2)表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
Tang Poetry is what we are going to learn the next class，scheduled on July 20 inthe school library.唐诗是我们下一节课将要学习的内容，定于7月20日在学校图书馆进行。
This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.对于更多的人来说这确实是观看它们的一次好机会。
The“Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. 我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目非常受我们学生的欢迎。
4．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(1)该句式中表示人的是间接宾语，表示物的是直接宾语。
一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。
如果将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后，则需借助介词to或for。
(2)要跟双宾语的动词有：ask，bring，buy，cost，fetch，give，hand，lend，offer，pass，pay，read，return，save，sell，send，show，take，teach，tell，write等。
That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.那确实给了我们一种极大的成就感。
Now，on behalf of my schoolmates，I wish you a safe return.现在，我代表全校同学，祝你们一路平安。
5．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语(1)宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。
(2)作宾语补足语的主要是名词、形容词、不定式和分词，副词和介词短语等也可以用作宾语补足语。
①要跟名词或形容词作宾语补足语的及物动词有：call，consider，choose，elect，feel，find，get，keep，make，name，paint，push，set，suppose，think，turn等。
②动词不定式作宾语补足语的三种情况·要跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的及物动词有：ask，expect，force，get，order，permit，persuade，tell，want，warn等。
·要跟不带to的不定式作宾补的动词有have，make，let，listen to，hear，notice，see，watch，feel·动词help后作宾补的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。
I would like you to join our school’s table tennis team.我想让你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。
Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.你的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。
In fact，he inspires me to major in English in college.事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语。
二、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。
1．转折/对比连词(but，while)It often rains in the south，while it seldom rains in the north.在南方经常下雨，然而在北方很少下雨。
2．递进顺承连词(and，not only...but (also)，neither...nor，both...and，not...but...) Not only did he speak more correctly，but (also)he spoke more easily.他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。
3．选择连词(or，either...or)Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?你是想走还是想留？4．因果连词(for，so)He must have been caught in the rain，for he is wet all over.他一定淋雨了，因为他全身都湿了。
5．一些固定句式(1)when可用于并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and this/that time。
常用于下列句式：·be about to do sth when...正要做某事，这时突然……·be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事，这时突然……·be doing sth when... 正在做某事，这时突然……·had done sth when... 刚做了某事，这时突然……He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。
(2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。
Register in WeChat，and you will be able to get in touch with the friends whom you haven’t seen for a long time.在微信上注册后，你就能与很久没见面的朋友取得联系了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It was time for her to have a new baby，________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.(2016·四川高考)答案and[根据语境可知，“It was time for...”和“it was also time for...”之间是并列关系，故用and连接。
]2．One day，the cow was eating grass________it began to rain heavily.(广东高考) 答案when[be doing sth when...“正在做某事，这时突然……”。
]3．But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ________ even a few months.(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)答案or[“a few days”和“a few months”之间为选择关系，因此要用or连接。
] 4．We were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week，________for the week after.(广东高考)答案but[not...but...为固定结构，表示“不是……而是……”。
]Ⅱ.单句改错1．At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return every two years，but he agreed.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)答案but→and[根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，用并列连词and。
] 2．Everyone was silent，waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)答案and→or[考查连词。
此处表示“他的或者她的”段落，应该属于一种选择关系，而不是并列关系。
]3．I have grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)答案and→but[not only...but also...是固定短语，意为“不但……而且……”。
] 4．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)答案or→and[根据语境可知，新鲜的蔬菜与高品质的油二者之间为并列关系而非选择关系。
]5．We can choose between staying at home and taking a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)答案but→and[第二句句意：我们如果待在家里，会感觉舒适，还不花钱。
根据句意可知，“comfortable”与“no need to spend money”之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系。
]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I was just going to have a swim when I noticed a strange object in the sea.(2019·成都模拟)2．Smile at life，and it will shine on you.(2019·泉州模拟)3．It is easy to make a decision，but__hard to stick to it.(2019·衡水中学模拟) 4．The other day I was doing some grocery shopping when/and a man walked toward a group of us at the checkout stand.(2019·抚州模拟)5．We may not be able to recall the things we have heard or seen, but__they are allkept there in the storehouse of the human mind.(2019·哈尔滨模拟)6．Mr.Lee says slower runners，and those who only ran once or twice a week，were helped nearly as much as those who ran faster and further.(2019·沈阳模拟) 7．Some of us let these dreams die，while/but__others protect them and take care of them through bad days until they bring them to the sunshine and light which comes always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true.(2019·榆林模拟) 8．The short road，the easy path and the light load all lead to lower grades in school of life.(2019·遵义模拟)9．Then we are really old，when we cannot move any longer，we can be proud of our achievements that we have ever experienced in happiness and we can say we have no regret in our lives.(2019·兰州模拟)10．The novel is remarkable not only for its huge cast of characters and psychological scope，but also for its precise and detailed observation of the life and social structures of 18th－century Chinese society.(2019·湖南师大附中模拟)Ⅱ.单句改错1．I forgave him but gave him a hug.(2019·遵义模拟)but→and2．When I was 10，once my parents were away on business，but I had to stay at home alone for a day.(2019·会宁一中模拟) but→and/so3．There is only a little rain and the weather is neither too hot or too cold.(2018·成都龙泉二中模拟)or→nor4．We can take a bus and ride a bike to get there.(2019·惠州模拟)and→or5．He worriedly asked me to lie down，drink some water or have a good rest.(2019·沈阳模拟)or→and6．I enjoyed the pleasant or exciting trip.(2019·南昌模拟)or→and7．I found a good place for swimming and I was just about to jump into the river whilethere came a cry.(2019·石家庄模拟)while→when8．The result was not good，because I regarded it as a challenge，whose process was the most important.(2019·巴彦淖尔模拟)because→but9．It seems to me that autumn is the most grand and impressive season in a year.First of all，neither can I suffer summer’s heat，or can I go through winter’s coldness at this time.(2019·邢台模拟)or→nor10．Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.去掉butⅢ.语法填空(2019·陕西高三模拟)Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1.________ (found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could 2.________ (well) build the new home.Thus，it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.Like many other 3.________ (university) at that time，the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.The school board often had to go to Europe to raise 4.________ (donate)，but as you can predict，they often came back 5.________ their hands empty.In 1638，John Harvard，pastor of Charlestown，passed away.He left his library and half his estate to the institution，6.________ were the biggest donation ever since its establishment.Therefore，the university was named after his name.Today，you can find a statue of John Harvard 7.________ (stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard，and it is perhaps the University’s best 8.________ (know) landmark.Like other world famous universities，Harvard too has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one of them.There is 9.________ saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education 10.________ Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
