虚拟语气语法归纳
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虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是一种特殊的语法形式,用来表示说话人所表达的事实并非真实的情况。
虚拟语气通常用于陈述某种假设、愿望、建议或推测。
在英语中,虚拟语气可以用于多种句型和场景中。
以下是关于虚拟语气的一些常见用法归纳:1. 条件句虚拟语气经常用于表示条件句中的不可能或未实现的情况。
在条件句中,主句和从句之间通常以if连接,其中的动词使用虚拟语气形式,即用过去式或过去完成式表示未来或现在的假设情况。
例如:"If I were you, I would go to bed early."(如果我是你,我会早点上床。
)2. 虚拟愿望虚拟语气还可以用于表达愿望或对现实情况的怀疑。
在这种情况下,常用的句型是"if only"或"would rather"等。
例如:"Ifonly I had more money, I would travel the world."(要是我有更多的钱,我就会周游世界。
)"I would rather you went with me."(我宁愿你和我一起去。
)3. 动词要求有些动词,如命令、建议、要求等,常常要求其后的从句使用虚拟语气。
这些动词包括:recommend(推荐)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、require(要求)、suggest(建议)等。
例如:"She insisted that he be on time for the meeting."(她坚持要求他准时参加会议。
)4. 形容词和名词后接从句有时,形容词或名词后接从句时,从句中的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气。
这种情况通常表示说话人对从句所表达的内容的怀疑或不同意。
例如:"It is important that he study hard for the exam."(他认真备考这个考试很重要。
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。
例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳一、虚拟条件句(一)含有if条件句的主从句的虚拟语气总结:1. If 条件句中谓语动词的虚拟结构是在原来陈述语气所用时态的基础上倒退一个时态(对将来虚拟的were to do/should do例外)2. 主句要借助于情态动词的过去式,后跟动词原形(现在或将来)或have done(过去);if条件句中只出现一个情态动词,即对将来虚拟的should.3.做此类题目时一定要分清是从句还是主句谓语动词的虚拟,还要把握好时态。
注意:1. 在虚拟条件从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用”were”,不用was。
2. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词中任何一个,可省略if,把这三个词提到主语之前, 变成:were/should/had +主语+剩余成分。
3.在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。
如我们可说Were I not to do., 而不能说Weren‘t I to do。
4.在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中,只能用should,而不能用would,could和might 等。
5.主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would,could以及might 可以用于各种人称eg :①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表达说话人的假设、愿望、猜测、建议等非现实的情况。
虚拟语气在英语中的使用非常广泛,包括情态动词、动词的过去式、过去完成时、be 型虚拟式等形式。
下面我将详细介绍虚拟语气的用法。
一、情态动词的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I had money, I would travel around the world.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.3. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were rich.4. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder.5. 表示与将来事实可能相反的愿望例如:I wish it would stop raining.二、动词的过去式的虚拟语气1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I knew the answer, I would tell you.2. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had seen the movie, I would have recommended it to you.三、过去完成时的虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had had more time, I would have finished the work.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had gone to the party last night.四、be型虚拟式1. 表示现在或将来的假设例如:If I were you, I would take the job.2. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I were in Hawaii now.五、混合虚拟语气1. 表示过去的假设例如:If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望例如:I wish I had studied harder and passed the exam.六、虚拟语气的特殊用法1. 在某些形容词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is important that you be on time.2. 在某些名词后面使用虚拟语气例如:It is necessary that he study harder.3. 在某些介词后面使用虚拟语气例如:I am glad that you came.以上是虚拟语气的用法归纳,希望对大家有所帮助。
虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。
虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。
虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。
这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。
)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。
)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。
)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。
)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。
条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。
例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳英语语法:虚拟语气的知识点归纳虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于表达一种假设、愿望、建议、要求或可能性较小的情况。
在本文中,将对虚拟语气的几个主要知识点进行归纳总结。
1. 条件句中的虚拟语气在条件句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示与当前事实相反的情况。
虚拟语气的形式包括"would/could/should+动词原形",以及"动词过去式+动词原形"。
例如:- If I had more time, I would travel around the world.(如果我有更多时间,我就会周游世界。
)- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。
)2. 虚拟语气用于表达愿望和建议虚拟语气还常用于表达愿望和建议,表示一种假设的情况。
常见的表达方式有:- I wish/If only + 主语 + 过去式(be动词用were):表示对现在或将来的希望或遗憾。
例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望自己更高。
)- If only she could speak fluent English.(要是她能说一口流利的英语就好了。
)- It is time + 主语 + 过去式(should + 动词原形):用于表示现在或将来应该发生的动作。
例如:- It is time we started the meeting.(是时候开始会议了。
)- It is time you should apologize to her.(你应该向她道歉了。
)3. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用在宾语从句中,若主句的动词表达了建议、命令、要求等含义时,宾语从句中的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气。
具体的用法如下:- 建议:suggest/recommend + (that) + 主语 + (should)+ 动词原形。
完整版)虚拟语气语法归纳.虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。
虚拟条件句虚拟条件句是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设。
所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反,或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种:与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,以及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表:例句:1.表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now。
I would lend it to you.If I were you。
I would tell him my true feelings.If I were a boy。
I would join the army.If she had time。
she would go with you.2.表示与过去事实相反If he had XXX your advice。
XXX't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been very busy.If he had XXX my advice。
he would have XXX.3.表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were Sunday tomorrow.If he were given another chance to do it again。
he could XXX.If it were to rain tomorrow。
the football match would be postponed.1.虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟语气语法口诀以下是为您生成的十个适用于小学生的虚拟语气语法口诀:口诀一:一表假设与幻想,虚拟语气要登场。
二看时态往后退,现在变过去模样。
从句若为过去式,主句用“would 加动原”。
好像进入奇幻境,假设之中寻真相。
假设不太可能现,虚拟帮咱来想象。
口诀二:一讲虚拟语气妙,条件假设很重要。
二分真实和虚拟,心里清楚不混淆。
若是现在成虚拟,从句用“were 或did”。
主句“would 或could”加,动作跟随变化到。
犹如梦幻之场景,语法规则要记牢。
口诀三:一思虚拟语气奇,表达愿望和虚拟。
二析从句和主句,结构清晰不迷离。
假设过去已发生,从句“had done”别忘记。
主句“would have done”跟,前后对应有逻辑。
就像故事编情节,语法之中藏秘密。
口诀四:一探虚拟语气深,假设情况要区分。
二定时态要仔细,现在过去各有因。
要是将来成虚拟,从句“were to 或should”。
主句照样“would 加动原”,变化规律需用心。
仿佛穿越时空去,理解运用才通顺。
口诀五:一论虚拟语气巧,表达假设真奇妙。
二理从句主语句,形式不同要明了。
表示建议和要求,从句“should 加动原”。
主句还是老样子,“would 等词来引导”。
好比搭建积木房,规则明确搭得好。
口诀六:一述虚拟语气玄,假设情景在眼前。
二清条件与结果,关系紧密一线牵。
倘若条件未实现,虚拟语气来体现。
从句过去完成时,主句过去将来变。
就像空中的云朵,变化多端却有边。
口诀七:一话虚拟语气妙,假设想象真不少。
二懂时态要后退,一步一步不乱套。
假设现在正相反,从句过去主“would”到。
假设过去已不同,从句过完主“would have”瞧。
恰似游戏有规则,遵守才能玩得好。
口诀八:一谈虚拟语气精,愿望假设藏其中。
二分情况仔细想,不同条件有不同。
要是现在成愿望,从句过去主“would”行。
要是过去心遗憾,从句过完主“would have”成。
犹如魔法变世界,语法魔法要弄懂。
英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。
虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。
以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。
例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。
)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。
- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。
)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。
例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。
)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。
)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。
例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。
)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。
虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是相对于现实语气而言的,它表示一种假设情况或者是一种不确定的情况。
在汉语中可能不太常用虚拟语气,但在英语中,虚拟语气很常见,它常用于条件句和从句。
本文将对虚拟语气的语法进行总结。
一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句指的是一个条件是虚拟的,即并不存在这样的情况。
它通常分为以下两种情况:1. 与现在的情况相反如果条件与现在的情况相反,我们就说它是虚拟的。
这种情况下,我们使用虚拟语气来表达:1) If I were you, I would try harder. (如果我是你,我会更加努力。
)2) If I had more money, I would consider buying a new car. (如果我有更多的钱,我就会考虑买一辆新车。
)2. 与过去的情况相反如果条件与过去的情况相反,我们也使用虚拟语气来表达:1) If I had known that, I would have come earlier. (如果我当时知道的话,我就会早点过来了。
)2) If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. (如果我当时学得更刻苦,我就能通过考试了。
)注意事项:1. 当使用“were”时,它代替的是“is”或“am”而不是“was”,这就是为什么说如果我“were”而不是如果我“was”的原因。
2. 在虚拟条件句中,“would”与“should”含义相同,用法也相同。
二、虚拟从句虚拟从句指的是一种假设性的或者不确定的情况,比如说:1. If I were to win the lottery, I would buy a new house. (如果我赢了彩票,我会买一套新房子。
)2. If it were not for you, I would never have made it. (如果不是你的话,我永远都不会成功。
虚拟语气语法归纳虚拟语气的使用主要体现在三个方面:虚拟条件句、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用,以及虚拟语气的一些特殊用法。
虚拟条件句虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
具体情况请看下表:例句:1. 表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now I would lend it toyou.If I were you I would go to tell him the real feeling upon him.If I were a boy, I would join thearmy.If the had time, she should go withyou.2. 表示与过去事实相反If he had taken youradvicehe wouldn't have made such a bad mistake.She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn't been verybusy.If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.3. 表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sundaytomorrow.If he were to be given another chance to do it again he could certainly achieve more.If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装时侯在使用时可省略 if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的,句子则可换成下列形式,即“were / had / should +主语”如: Had I bee n (二 If I had bee n ) in that situati on , I would not have let the thief escape away with so much mon ey.Should there be (= If there should be) a drought , what should we do at that time ?Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he take n my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来决 定。
例如:If we hadn't been working hard in the past few years If the Party hadn 't led the Chinese people to liberate the countrylife in pain and poverty. 3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来, 而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with ,otherwise , without , but for , in that position ) 、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
这种句子称为含蓄条件句。
例如:But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college.It was so quiet ; you could have heard a pin drop. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用things wouldn't be going so smoothly.,Chinese people would still live aI would never mind you making such loud noisesbut , you see my baby is in a deep sleep.在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。
根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类"和过去时态类”。
2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,译为要是……就好了”等。
表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时;表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“would/could +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句中的谓语动词用“had +过去分词"或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。
如:I wish it were spri ng all the year round.I wish I had known the an swer.I wish I could fly like a bird.②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、dema nd、require、in sist request、comma nd、order等后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。
如:She suggested we (should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated.(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、dema nd、pla n、proposal、suggestio n、request等的表语从句和同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词用"(should ) +动词原形”。
女口:His suggestio n that we (should)go to Shan ghai is won derful.My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should +动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。
如:It is n ecessary(importa nt, n atural, stra nge, etc.)that we should clea n the room every day.It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this after noon.注意:这种从句表示的是事实。
如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感,就可用虚拟语气。
反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感,that从句也可用陈述句语气。
如:It is pity that you can ' t swim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though 等引导的表语从句或状语从句中,如果从句表示的动作发生在过去,用过去完成时;指现在状况,则用一般过去时;指将来状况则用过去将来时。
如: He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) 中,••定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should +动词原形,意思是现在)该……”。
女口:It ' s time that I picked up my daughter.It ' s high time we were going.(3)虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。
如:If on ly I were a bird.If only I had take n his advice.(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉,常出现在日常会话中。
如:It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind eno ugh to close the door?②用于一些习惯表达法中。
如:Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you.一、should 类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。
其具体运用体现在:1.在 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , desire , insist 等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we (should) deal with the problem by the view of development.2.与 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , desire , insist 等动词相对应的名词suggestion , order , demand , proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。