2021年高考英语二轮专题讲练 第9讲：复杂多变的动词之情态动词与虚拟语气 教师版

高中英语语法情态动词与虚拟语气讲解情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

1．表示能力(2)表示将来的能力：will be able to(3)表示过去的能力I can't promise anything, but I'll do what I can.我不能许诺什么，但我会尽力而为。

(表示现在的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。

(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题，但我太紧张了。

(表示本来有能力做但未做)2．表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

(1)客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生，而用来说明人或事物的特征。

情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时， can 一般不用于肯定句。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。

(表示客观的可能性)We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet.今晚我们可能去看电影，但还没确定。

(表示实际可能性，不用can)(2)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次(由强及弱)比较：①在肯定句中表示推测(must/have to, should/ought to, may, might, could)a．当说话者表达怀疑或犹豫之意时，需用may, might或could, 其中might, could比may所表达的怀疑或犹豫之意更强。

榜首部分、神态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来标明“一般才能”；be able to有多种时态，且用来标明在特定条件下的“详细才能”。

如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can stillread without glasses.They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2．标明答应可用can或could，与may/might含义挨近。

could可用于现在时，仅仅口气愈加宛转、谦让，答复时则一般要用can而不用could。

—Could I have the television on?—Yes，you can./No，you can't.二、may与might1．标明答应，意为“能够，答应”，用法根本上同can与could。

如：May I use your bicycle?2．标明或许性，意为“或许，或许”。

如：According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3．may能够放在句首，标明祝福。

如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来标明说话人的片面观点；have to标明客观的需求，着重外界压力，不得已而为之。

如：He said that they must work hard。

他说他们有必要努力工作。

(片面上要做这件事)My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医师请来。

(客观上需求做这件事)2．标明“不用”，须用don't have to或needn't。

2021届高考英语二轮增分增值集训情态动词与虚拟语气Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Where will you start your work after graduation?—Mum，it's not been decided yet.I ________ continue my study for a higher degree.A．need B．must C．would D．might解析句意：——毕业后你会在哪里工作？——妈妈，还没有确定下来呢。

我可能会连续学习获得更高的学位。

依照答语中的“it's not been decided yet”可知，此处暗含不太确定的语气，故选might。

答案 D2．—Guess what？I came first in that contest.—Great！You ________ a lot during the past two weeks.A．must practise B．should practiseC．should have practised D．must have practised解析在竞赛中得了第一名一定是通过专门多练习换来的，因此D项must have practised符合语意，表示对过去情形的确信估量。

答案 D3．—Hi，Joan.Any idea where Tom is?—He ________ on the playgroun d.I saw him there playing football just now.A．shall be B．should have beenC．must be D．might have been解析句意：——嗨，Joan。

你明白Tom在哪里吗？——一定在操场上，我刚才看见他在操场上踢足球。

must be是对现在状态的确信估量。

答案 C4．—The similarities between social networks are striking.—That ________ come as no surprise，because they are all products of the Internet.A．should B．shall C．may D．must解析句意：——各种社交网络惊人地相似。

2021年高考英语二轮专题提升训练虚拟语气与情态动词1．（xx届福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检查英语试卷）一Mary, do remember to bring your e-dictionary tomorrow．一Sure. 1wouldn’t if you me.A. don’t remindB. didn’t remind C．haven’t reminded D. hadn’t reminded2．（xx届辽宁省大连市第三中学高三上学期期末考试英语试卷）----Did you make it at last?----Yes. But for your help, it _____ a serious loss.A. would causeB. must have causedC. might causeD. would have caused3．（xx届广西桂林中学高三2月月考英语试卷）— Thank God! The accident was avoided after all.—That was lucky, but ten inches nearer the two cars _________?A. was destroyedB. would be destroyedC. would have been destroyedD. had been destroyed4．（xx届浙江省六校（省一级重点校）高三3月联考英语试卷）—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?— It ______ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. must5．（xx届江苏省苏州市高三1月调研测试英语试卷）We got in my father's car and headed straight home and__________,I surely would have beenstuck in the station for several days.A. had I notB. did I notC. if I didn'tD. if I had6．（xx届江苏省苏州市高三1月调研测试英语试卷）China Hengda＿well have won the football match, but I don't know because I wasn't there.A. couldB. mayC. should ．D. must7．（xx届湖南省怀化市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷）You get two tickets of Despicable Me Ⅱ, as I have promised .A. mayB. canC. needD. shall8．（xx届福建省福州八中高三第六次质检考试英语试卷）—Do you think George has passed the driving test?—No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven9．（xx届浙江省杭州二中高三第五次（3月）月考英语试卷）He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball; otherwise, he ___________ a goal.A. would scoreB. scoredC. would have scoredD. had scored10．（xx届福建省泉州市泉港区惠华中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷）So far it has been suggested that special stress _____ on pre-school education.A. is laidB. be laidC. has been laidD. have been laid11．（xx届四川省成都七中高三二诊模拟英语试卷）I’m very hungry. Get me something to eat; anything ________ do.A. willB. shouldC. mustD. can12．（xx届陕西省长安一中高新一中交大附中师大附中西安中学高三一模英语卷）But for those interruptions, the meeting _____ half an hour ago.A. was finishedB. would have finishedC. would finishD. had been finished13．（xx届江西省红色六校高三第二次联考英语试卷）We would have to put off the visit to the Water Cube________ it rain tomorrow.A. WouldB. WereC. ShouldD. Could14．（xx届陕西省西安市第一中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷）The examination results suggested that I in poor health,so the doctor suggested that I more exercises to improve it.A.was;tookB.was;takeC.be;tookD.be;take15．（xx届四川省苍溪中学高三下学期月考英语试卷）---Dad, I am too tired and feel too much pressure on my mind---e on! That’s the life of Senior Three, b ut if you are admitted to a key University, you ____get an Iphone 5s as a gift.A. mustB. shallC. willD. might16．（xx届安徽省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷）Attention, please. All of you students _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall17．（xx届安徽省桐城市第十中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷）____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will18．（xx届福建省泉州五中莆田一中漳州一中高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）In order to do something meaningful, it’s necessary that you _______ determine what is really important.A. mustB. willC. needD. should19．（xx届福建省泉州市高三1月质量检查英语试卷）It’s so cold today．If it should get warmer this afternoon，I＿my car．A．would have washed B．would wash C．must have washed D．must wash20．（xx届宁夏银川九中高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷）___ he _____ me the news yesterday, I would be at the party now.A. Should, tellB. Did, tellC. Had, toldD. Were, to tell21．（xx届湖南省衡阳市八中高三第六次月考试卷）The politician has been warned that he would be getting into great trouble ____ stick to his standpoint.A. were he toB. he willC. he was toD. would he22．（xx届福建省漳州市芗城中学高三12月第四次月考英语试卷）The petrol tank is empty. I _________it up before we left home.A.had to fillB.would have filledC.should have filledD.could have filled23．（xx届四川省绵阳市高中高三第二次诊断性考试英语试卷）Our teachers often suggest we ______ take it easy when facing any difficulty.A. hadB. couldC. wouldD. should24．（xx届江西省赣州市六校高三上学期期末联考英语试卷）We used to work in the same office and we ________ have coffee together.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might25．（xx届河南省郑州市第四中学高三上学期第六次调考英语试卷）Tony ________ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.A. could have gainedB. can have gainedC. must have gainedD. must gain26．（xx届河北省唐山一中高三下学期开学调研考试英语试卷）Tom _____ full marks, but he was too careless and made a spelling mistake.A. could gainB. could have gainedC. must have gainedD. must gain27．（xx届浙江省绍兴市第一中学高三下学期回头考英语试卷）–___ the new secretary e to see you, manager?–Sure. And I’d rather she ____ me the truth.A．Will; tell B．Shall; toldC．Should; will tell D．Shall; tells28．（xx届福建省福州市八县高三上学期期末考试英语试卷）一What if you_____ to send an essay with your application?一I would have been rejected．A．forgot B．would forget C．had forgotten D．should forget29．（xx届安徽省泗县双语中学高三12月月考英语试卷）It is strange that such a thing ______ in your school．A．will happen B．happens C．should happen D．happened30．（xx届福建省五校高中毕业班期末摸底统一考试英语试卷）It was lucky that little Jack was not at home when the fire broke out; otherwise, he____his life. A.had lost B.would lose C.would have lost D.might lose【答案及其解析】1．D3．C【解析】5．A【解析】句意：--我们做进爸爸的车，径直开车回家，如果我没有这样的话，当然会被困在车站几天。

第二课时情态动词和虚拟语气语法填空【典题试做】1．(全国卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might be__made(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.2．(全国卷Ⅱ)Since nobody gave him any help, he must have done the research on his own.1．考查情态动词的基本用法；2．考查“情态动词＋have done”的用法；3．考查虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法和with, without, but for, or等构成的含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；4．考查wish后的宾语从句，as if/as though引导的从句等固定句式中虚拟语气的用法。

短文改错【典题试做】1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)．..，my parents would not to let me.删除to2．(全国卷Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.can→should 或删除can3．(全国卷Ⅱ)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.chose→choose1．情态动词后要加动词原形，在短文改错中经常漏掉系动词be，或在情态动词后加了动词的其他形式；2．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的错用；3．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的错用(主要体现在should的错用上)；4．虚拟语气在其他句型中的错用。

情态动词的基本用法(一)can和could的用法1．表示“能力”，意为“能，会”。

(2017·北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.塞缪尔是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻易地够着书架顶层的书。

高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。

对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。

【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。

【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。

虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。

☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。

☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

高考英语二轮复习知识点：情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。

考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析：情态动词+have done的用法区别等。

虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。

考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。

虚拟语气考点透析考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。

例如：①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.might not解析句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。

that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。

正确答案为C。

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。

例如：If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining解析句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。

句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。

下了一天的雨是事实，所以用陈述语气。

2021年高考英语语法集训过关情态动词和虚拟语气（含解析）Ⅰ. 单项填空1. (xx·天津模拟)It’s beyond our prehension that Jim, who tops the class in English, have difficulty translating such a simple sentence.A. shallB. shouldC. mightD. must2. (xx·重庆模拟)According to Nobel’s wil l, the Peace Prize be awarded to the person who has done the most or the best work for the relationship between nations.A. canB. shallC. mayD. need3. (xx·衢州模拟)Facts prove that the world’s economic development is not a win-lose game but one in which all be winners.A. shallB. canC. mustD. will4. (xx·绍兴模拟)—Have you checked the engine?—Yes, I did twice; there be anything wrong with the car.A. won’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t5. (xx·杭州模拟)Try as you , he won’t listen to your advice on the potential dangers of smoking.A. canB. mayC. dareD. will6. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would7. (xx·桂林模拟)—What is a left-luggage office?—It is a place where luggage be left for a certain period of time, especially at a bus or a train station.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. will8. (xx·温州模拟)If you leave early on weekdays, do it quietly. The other colleagues are also dying to have an early leave.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. may9. —I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You have lost it while shopping.A. shouldB. canC. mayD. would10. (xx·金华模拟)—I promise Shirley get a new iPad on her birthday.—Will it be a big surprise to her?A. willB. wouldC. shouldD. shall11. —You mustn’t leave your car unlocked while you are away.—No, I . Please don’t worry too much.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. won’tD. needn’t12. (xx·昆明模拟)—Will Mike go with us for the picnic this weekend?—It depends. He have something to do at home.A. canB. shallC. mustD. might13. —Dad, you are asked on the phone.—Who it be? It’s already 10 p. m. .A. mustB. canC. shallD. need14. (xx·玉溪模拟)Had it not been for the haze(霾)weather, there fewer car accidents in Beijing then.A. would have beenB. wereC. may beD. would be15. Henry would rather that his girlfriend in the same department as he does.A. workedB. had workedC. was workingD. would work16. —Will you accept the job offer?—If I five years younger, I it.A. were; have takenB. has been; would takeC. were; would takeD. had been; would have taken17. you be given a ten-day holiday, what would you like to do?A. ShouldB. WouldC. CouldD. Might18. Without you, I the first prize in the speech contest. Thank you, John.A. can’t winB. won’t winC. hadn’t wonD. wouldn’t have won19. (xx·宁波模拟)I was really busy these days, otherwise I to your birthday party last night.A. cameB. did eC. should have eD. would have e20. (xx·台州模拟)―Many thanks for your timely reminder; we would have been late if you us of the time.―You are wele. I’m glad that I can give you a h and.A. didn’t informB. shouldn’t informC. hadn’t informedD. weren’t to inform21. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests not play rock music after 12: 00 p. m. .A. shouldB. mustC. mayD. could22. (xx·济宁模拟)—I didn’t go to the art show, because I lost my ticket.—You have borrowed mine. I didn’t go to see it anyway.A. mightB. needC. couldD. must23. (xx·宁德模拟)—Have you ever been to the Olympic Games with your family?—No, but I wish I .A. haveB. willC. doD. had24. (xx·温岭模拟)It is good to end a day with the feeling that you not change anything even if you lived it again.A. willB. wouldC. canD. should25. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followedⅡ. 完形填空(xx·天津模拟) The family had just moved. The young woman was feeling a little 1 .It was Mother’s Day—and 800 miles separated her from her parents.She had called them that morning, and her mother had 2 how colorfultheir backyard was 3 spring had arrived. Later, she told her husbandhow she 4 those lilacs(丁香)in her parents’yard. “I know where wecan find some, ”he said. “Get the 5 and e on. ”So off they went.Some time later, they stopped at a hill and there were lilacs allround. The young woman rushed up to the nearest 6 and buried her facein the flowers. Carefully, she 7 some. Finally, they returned to their car for the 8 home. The woman sat smiling, surrounded by her 9 .When they were near home, she shouted “stop”, got off quickly and10 to a nearby nursing home. She went to the end of the porch(门廊), where a(n) 11 patient was sitting in her wheelchair, and put the flowers into her lap. The two 12 , bursting into laughter now and then. Later the young woman turned and ran back to her 13 . As the car pulled away, the woman in the wheelchair 14 with a smile, and held the lilacs 15 .“Mom, ”the kids asked, “16 did you give her our flowers? ”“It is Mother’s Day, and she seems so 17 while I have all of you. And anyone would be 18 by flowers. ”This satisfied the kids, but not the husband. The next day he 19 some young lilacs around their yard.I was the husband. Now, every May, our yard is full of lilacs. Every Mother’s Day our kids20 purple lilacs. And every year I remember that smile of the lonely old woman.1. A. moved B. worried C. angry D. depressed2. A. learned B. imaginedC. mentionedD. realized3. A now that B. so thatC. as ifD. even if4. A. missed B. grewC. wateredD. showed5. A. cars B. kids C. clothes D. lilacs6. A. bush B. hill C. yard D. door7. A. bought B. picked C. set D. raised8. A. break B. holiday C. trip D. dinner9. A. friends B. memoryC. flowersD. honor10. A. responded B. pointedC. droveD. hurried11. A. loving B. elderlyC. seriousD. sensitive12. A. hesitated B. waitedC. satD. chatted13. A. family B. mother C. path D. home14. A. nodded B. wavedC. leftD. continued15. A. sadly B. politely C. quickly D. tightly16. A. why B. when C. how D. where17. A. quiet B. confusedC. aloneD. patient18. A. calmed B. persuadedC. disappointedD. cheered19. A. arranged B. driedC. plantedD. hid20. A. find B. gather C. receive D. sell 【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着完形填空——绝对矛盾法绝对矛盾法是从选项着手分析, 若四个选项中有两个选项是绝对矛盾和对立的, 那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生。

专题三复杂多变的动词情态动词适用句式肯定句适用时态意义一般时、进行时、完成时一定，肯定mustHurry up ！They must be waiting for us now.一般时、进行时、完成时疑问句、否定句可能，能够can/couldCan I help you ？一般时、进行时、完成时肯定句、否定句也许，可能may/mig htParents may scold their children when they are untidy.确定或期待，“应该”肯定句、否定一般时、完句成时should/oug ht toHe ought to/should be here —he started early enough.一般时、进行时、完成时肯定句、否定句、疑问句大概will/wouldThis will be the house you're looking for.must have done “(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比sth.may/might “(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语较肯定；用于肯定句have done sth.气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句“本能够做某事”；用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定can/could have done sth.过去本能够做某事但could have done sth.实际上没做needn't have done sth.过去本不必做某事但实际上做了ought to/should have done过去本应该做某事但sth.实际上没做oughtn't to/shouldn't have过去本不应该做某事done sth.但实际上做了过去可能做某事但实might have done sth.际上没做情况从句谓语动词主句谓语动词过去式(be 的过去would/could/should/式形式用were)might ＋动词原形与现在事实相反would/could/should/与过去事实相反过去完成式might ＋have done①were to do would/could/should/②should do与将来事实相反might ＋动词原形③过去式虚拟情况从句从句谓语动词用过去式(be 的过去式形式用were)与现在事实相反的愿望与过去事实相反的愿望从句谓语动词用had done 与将来事实相从句谓语动词用“would/could/might ＋动词原形”虚拟情况从句从句用一般过去时(be 的过去式形式用were)与现在事实或将来事实相反与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时虚拟情况从句与现在事实相反(表示与主句的动作同时发生的动作或存在的状态)从句用一般过去时(be 的过去式形式用were)与过去事实相反(表示在主句的动作之前发生的事情)从句用过去完成时第九讲情态动词和虚拟语气高考这样考规则这样记应试这样练套路这样解谢谢观赏。