新理念英语阅读初一第4册原

KeysUnit 11. In the Frozen Waters of Qomolangma, I Learned the Value of Humility Comprehension Exercises1.Decide on the best choice to answer or complete each of the following.1. B2. D3. A4. B2.Put the following into Chinese1．我在想，如果出现意外，那么我那冻僵的身体需要多长时间才能沉到4.2公里深的海底呢?我紧接着意识到，对于一个仅着一条泳裤、试图游完这象征性的1公里人来说，下水前还能有什么比这更糟的念头吗？我的内心深处在颤抖，感到非常恐惧。

2. 我在珠穆朗玛峰上学到了两个基本的经验教训，第一，过去有用的东西并不意味着今天一定有用。

第二，不同的挑战需要不同的心态去应对。

现在，无论我做什么事情，都要先问问自己我需要何种心态来成功地完成任务。

3. 我们已经以某种方式生存了如此之久，我们已经以某种方式消费了如此之久，我们已经以某种方式在地球上居住了如此之久，但这并不意味着，我们过去所做的决定今天依然正确。

4. 我在世界屋脊上的游泳改变了我，在一定程度上，我希望它证明一切皆有可能。

只要我们谨慎合作，我们就有可能进行谦逊的对话，并超越对话，付诸行动。

2. Taking Lessons from What Went WrongComprehension Exercises1.Decide on the best choice to answer or complete each of the following.1. B2. A3. C4. C2.Put the following into Chinese1.他们说，灾难会带来惨痛的教训，因为在技术上取得成功的原因往往是随机的、不可见的，而造成某个失败的原因通常是可以被找到、被证明和被修复的，从而达到改进的目的。

典范英语7第4册概括摘要：一、引言二、典范英语7 第4 册的内容概述1.主题背景2.主要角色3.故事情节三、本书的学习价值1.提高英语阅读能力2.丰富英语词汇量3.培养英语听力技巧4.增进对英美文化的了解四、适合的读者群体五、总结与建议正文：【引言】典范英语7 第4 册作为一套广受好评的英语学习教材，旨在帮助学生通过阅读有趣的故事，提高英语综合能力。

本篇文章将对该教材的内容、学习价值以及适用读者群体进行详细介绍。

【典范英语7 第4 册的内容概述】【主题背景】典范英语7 第4 册的主题背景多种多样，涉及日常生活、科普知识、人物传记等方面，旨在让学生在阅读过程中，既能学习英语知识，又能拓宽知识面。

【主要角色】本册书中的主要角色丰富多样，有学生、老师、医生、科学家等，通过这些角色之间的互动，展示了不同场景下的英语交流。

【故事情节】典范英语7 第4 册的故事情节引人入胜，让学生在享受阅读的过程中，自然而然地掌握英语语法、词汇和表达方式。

【本书的学习价值】【提高英语阅读能力】通过阅读典范英语7 第4 册中的故事，学生可以逐步提高英语阅读能力，为以后更深入的英语学习打下基础。

【丰富英语词汇量】本册书中的词汇丰富，涵盖日常生活、学习、工作等多个领域，学生在阅读过程中，可以积累大量实用的英语词汇。

【培养英语听力技巧】典范英语7 第4 册配有标准英式发音的音频，学生可以通过听音频，提高英语听力技巧。

【增进对英美文化的了解】书中的故事背景多为英美国家，学生在阅读过程中，可以间接了解到英美国家的风土人情，增进对英美文化的了解。

【适合的读者群体】典范英语7 第4 册适合具备一定英语基础的中学生、高中生以及成人学习者。

对于初学者来说，本书可以作为英语入门教材，帮助学生快速掌握英语基本语法和词汇；对于有一定基础的学习者，本书可以作为提高英语综合能力的辅助教材。

【总结与建议】典范英语7 第4 册是一本寓教于乐的英语学习教材，既可以作为学生的课外阅读材料，也可以作为课堂教学的辅助教材。

新理念英语阅读初二第1~2册译文初二英语阅读《新理念》第一册译文第一本第一篇：制造头条新闻Chapter 1 【报纸】在教室里，辛苦且漫长的一天结束了，克兰博老师看上去很累。

“马基，”她摇着她的头说道，“你一整天都没听我讲。

我应该给你惩罚……但我有个更好的主意。

”噢，不！我讨厌她说她有更好的主意。

“我要你下个月去帮助学校报社，”她说。

“报社！”我抱怨着。

我可能会有很多风趣的故事，但是我真的不擅长其它任何事情，我在报社有什么用？在报社工作意味着和缇莉·特纳一起工作。

缇莉是编辑，也是记者，不像我，她擅长做任何事情。

“嗯，马基，你认为我们下一周应该放哪一种类型的故事？“当我们走进报社房间时，缇莉问我。

我耸了耸肩。

我从来没有读过报纸。

“目前为止我们有关于宠物的，关于新教师，还有一些关于克兰博老师的布谷鸟钟收藏品的故事。

“她继续说道。

“真的？”我说。

我从没读过报纸，这是毫无疑问的。

就在此时，我看见有一些东西进入了我的视线。

看起来是布拉德·比根斯偷偷溜进了办公室。

“你看见那个了吗？“我向缇莉低声说道，并示意她安静。

她看上去很茫然。

”你还称自己是记者，“我说道，拉着她和我一起绕过一处建筑物。

”看，“我低声耳语道，当布拉德手里拿了些东西出来的时候。

他迅速把东西放在自己的衬衫下，并跑向大门。

在我们能看见更多东西之前，他跳上他的自行车并且骑着它溜走了。

Chapter 2【好的新闻头条】”这儿有一个故事，“我对缇莉说道。

”我现在能见到头条新闻了：糟糕的布拉德在办公室偷东西！“缇莉盯着我摇了摇她的头，”我并不认可，马基。

现在，我需要一些关于饼干制作比赛的有益的东西。

“”饼干制作者拿了蛋糕！“我叫道。

缇莉眨了眨她的眼睛。

”跟我来，缇莉，“我说道，”如果我们没有有趣的故事，我们至少会有一些好的头条新闻。

”到了周五下午，我开始喜欢在报社工作了。

我想出许多头条新闻，尽管缇莉说我们真的得有故事。

当缇莉飞快奔进报社房间时，我正在写一个故事。

Unit1Chapter1本，查德，布兰卡和朱迪每个月的第三个星期四举行发明家俱乐部会议。

他们轮流展示他们的新发明。

明天轮到本展示他的新发明。

唯一的问题就是他到现在还没有想出一个发明··本正坐在餐桌旁吃着一杯冰淇淋。

“我能做什么呢？”他一边吃冰淇淋一边问自己。

本对自己要发明什么毫无头绪。

他吃完冰淇淋，准备再去弄些来。

但是，冰淇淋一点也不剩了。

“我知道了，”他兴奋地说，“我要发明一个冰淇淋机！”词组：hold meeting召开会议take turns轮流，更替think of考虑；想起；有··想法sit at坐，在··坐a bowl of一碗have no idea不知道，不了解Chapter2本抓起几张纸和支钢笔，然后他就画出了他的冰淇淋机设计草图。

这个草图看起来不太像个冰淇淋机，但是本确信它是可行的。

“我不需要试验，”本对自己说，“好吧，我没时间去试验了。

”本只有找材料的时间了。

第二天下午，查德、布兰卡还有朱迪都在本的卧室。

本带着一只麻袋出现了。

他倒提着麻袋，许多稀奇古怪的东西掉了出来。

“一堆废品，”布兰卡说，“那真是个好发明。

”“哈哈，”本说，“你们就等着瞧吧。

”词组：look much like看起来很像say to oneself暗想，自言自语turn up开大；翻起；出现upside down颠倒，倒转；混乱地fall out争吵；结果；解散；掉队 a pile of一堆wait and see等着看；拭目以待；观望；走着瞧Chapter3本捡起的第一个东西又大又圆，是用钢做的。

它是洗衣机的核心零部件。

本举起那部分，看了看底部的洞。

“那个洞是你钻的吗？”查德问。

“是啊，”本说。

“你这个做得不是很好，”查德说。

“只要有用就行了，”本告诉查德。

“你要知道东西也得看上去好才行，”查德说。

接着，本抓起一根软管，把它装入他钻的那个洞里。

典范英语7第4册概括（原创版）目录一、典范英语 7 第 4 册概述二、本书的主要内容三、本书的特点与亮点四、适用对象与学习建议正文一、典范英语 7 第 4 册概述《典范英语》是一套享誉国内外的英语学习教材，其第七册第四册主要针对英语学习者的初中阶段，以丰富的内容和实用性为特点，帮助学生全面提升英语能力。

二、本书的主要内容1.词汇：本册教材涵盖了丰富的词汇，从日常生活到学科知识，让学生在阅读和学习过程中，积累更多词汇，丰富语言表达能力。

2.语法：针对初中阶段学生的语法需求，本书以实用性为原则，详细讲解了各种语法规则，让学生轻松掌握英语语法。

3.阅读：书中提供了多样的阅读材料，既有文学作品，也有科普文章，让学生在阅读中提升英语水平，开阔视野。

4.写作：本册教材注重写作能力的培养，提供了丰富的写作话题和技巧，让学生学会如何表达自己的观点，提高写作水平。

三、本书的特点与亮点1.系统性强：教材内容按照学生的学习需求和兴趣进行编排，由浅入深，让学生系统地学习英语知识。

2.实用性强：本书注重培养学生的实际英语运用能力，无论是语法、阅读还是写作，都紧密结合生活实际，让学生学以致用。

3.趣味性强：书中提供了丰富的插图和实例，以及有趣的故事和游戏，让学生在愉快的氛围中学习英语。

4.培养思维能力：本教材鼓励学生提问、思考和讨论，激发学生的思维能力，培养学生的创新意识。

四、适用对象与学习建议1.适用对象：本册教材适用于初中阶段的英语学习者，特别是那些希望提高英语能力，备战各类英语考试的学生。

2.学习建议：1) 建议学生按照教材的编排顺序，循序渐进地学习，不要急于求成。

2) 在学习过程中，要注重词汇和语法的积累，多读多写，提高英语表达能力。

3) 结合实际生活场景进行学习，将所学知识运用到生活实践中，提高英语实际运用能力。

综合单元测试——Level 4 Unit 2Listening ComprehensionTrue Or FalseDirections: In this part, you will hear ten statements. Each statement is based on the texts you have just learned in this unit. Statements one to six are about Text A, and statements seven to ten are about Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. After you hear each statement, decide whether it is True or False.1.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 8 / 31正确率 : 20%2.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 26 / 13正确率 : 66%3.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 22 / 17正确率 : 56%4.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 25 / 14正确率 : 64%5.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 6 / 33正确率 : 15%6.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 9 / 30正确率 : 23%7.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 25 / 14正确率 : 64%8.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 17 / 22正确率 : 43%9.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 27 / 12正确率 : 69%10.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 19 / 20正确率 : 48%True Or FalseDirections: In this part, you will hear ten statements. Each statement is based on the texts you have just learned in this unit. Statements one to six are about Text A, and statements seven to ten are about Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. After you hear each statement, decide whether it is True or False.11.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 10 / 34正确率 : 22%12.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 29 / 15正确率 : 65%13.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 25 / 19正确率 : 56%14.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 12 / 32正确率 : 27%15.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 30 / 14正确率 : 68%16.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 30 / 14正确率 : 68%17.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 20 / 24正确率 : 45%18.True False参考答案:False答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 8 / 36正确率 : 18%19.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 19 / 25正确率 : 43%20.True False参考答案:True答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 24 / 20正确率 : 54%Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will listen to a passage and it will not be written out in full for you. You will hear the passage TWICE. While listening, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear.In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth's postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computes are 21 us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less 22 but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are 23 to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be 24 , or that a computer may simply malfunction.25 , there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own 26 computers and check the machine when they have the 27 that something has gone wrong.Questioning and routine double-checksmust 28 to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the 29 : for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen asa 30 for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.21.参考答案:relieving答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 6 / 40正确率 : 13%22.参考答案:dramatic答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 3 / 43正确率 : 6%23.参考答案:reluctant答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 6 / 40正确率 : 13%24.参考答案:pressed答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 25 / 21正确率 : 54%25.参考答案:Obviously答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 14 / 32正确率 : 30%26.参考答案:internal答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 20 / 26正确率 : 43%27.参考答案:feeling答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 20 / 26正确率 : 43%28.参考答案:continue答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 25 / 21正确率 : 54%29.参考答案:warning答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 23 / 23正确率 : 50%30.参考答案:substitute答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 9 / 37正确率 : 19%Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will listen to a passage and it will not be written out in full for you. You will hear the passage TWICE. While listening, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear.Inland waters may be grouped into two general classes: standing waters and flowing waters. As is often the case,the 31 between these two classes is not sharp and clear. A pond is an example of standing water. But most ponds are fed by 32 or brooks and most have an outlet. Thus some 33 of changing water flows through them. On the other hand, a river is an exampleof 34 water. In some places, however, a river may have such a slow current that it is very difficult to detect.Standing inland waters differ in size, in age, and in many abiotic 35 characteristics. They range in size from roadside puddles to the Caspian Sea. Puddles may last for only a few days or weeks; ponds, for a few hundred to a thousand years. In 36 , lakes are older, though the waters of some 37 "lakes" disappear completely during each dry season. Standing waters vary fromvery 38 to very deep, from clear to muddy, from fresh to salty.In flowing waters we roughly 39 between brooks, creeks, and rivers. The size and age of flowing waters are unimportant. Speed of flow, clearness, oxygen content, andother 40 characteristics are used by scientists in studying flowing-water ecosystems.31.参考答案:boundary答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 15 / 22正确率 : 40%32.参考答案:springs答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 14 / 23正确率 : 37%33.参考答案:current答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 13 / 24正确率 : 35%34.参考答案:flowing答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 24 / 13正确率 : 64%35.参考答案:environmental答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 14 / 23正确率 : 37%36.参考答案:general答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 25 / 12正确率 : 67%37.参考答案:tropical答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 6 / 31正确率 : 16%38.参考答案:shallow答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 18 / 19正确率 : 48%39.参考答案:distinguish答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 17 / 20正确率 : 45%40.参考答案:chemical答题人数 :37正确 / 错误 : 17 / 20正确率 : 45%Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices. Click on the best choice.Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house-owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship-owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family the poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contribution of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as "insured" and those whoadminister the pool of contributions as "insurers."Not all risks lend themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaking, the ordinary risks of business andspeculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimated -- and risks can only be insured against if they can be so estimated. The legal basis of all insurance is the "policy." This is the printed form of contract on paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the "premium," which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old-fashioned, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meaning of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech.41.The best title for this passage is __________.A. Premium (1)B. The Insured (2)C. Insurance (26)D. Policy (1)参考答案:Insurance 答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 26 / 12 正确率 : 68%42. According to the passage, insurance is necessary because___________.A. nearly everybody suffers loss and needs compensation (10)B. the insured who suffer loss may get compensation (15)C. the contribution of the insured is a huge sum (3)D. those who administer insurance are ready to offer help (1) 参考答案:the insured who suffer loss may get compensation答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 15 / 23正确率 : 39%43. The insurance of ordinary business risks is not possible because___________.A. business risks cannot be covered (0)B. business risks cannot be estimated (29)C. the premiums for business risks are high (0)D. the cost of controlling business risks is high (0)参考答案:business risks cannot be estimated答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 29 / 9正确率 : 76%44.Which of the following statements is true?A. The old-fashioned wording of policies is still applied inthe insurance contract. (14)B. A small number of law cases have been brought to explain themeaning of doubtful phrases in policies. (4)C. Some new phrases are used in policies to avoid futuredisputes. (11)D. All risks can be covered if premiums are paid. (0)参考答案:The old-fashioned wording of policies is still applied in the insurance contract.答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 14 / 24正确率 : 36%45. The term "the pool of contributions" in the first paragraph mostprobably means ___________.A. the total sum of money paid by the insured (21)B. the total cost of administering insurance (3)C. the total amount of estimated payment (1)D. the total number of the insured (4)参考答案:the total sum of money paid by the insured答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 21 / 17正确率 : 55%A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement spread ever farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines. The high point in railroad building came with theconstruction of the first transcontinental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. Inlinking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States.46. The major problems with America's railroad system in the mid-19thcentury lay in ___________.A. poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems (22)B. lack of financial support for development (0)C. limited railroad lines (2)D. lack of a transcontinental railroad (3)参考答案:poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 22 / 16正确率 : 57%47. What most likely made people think about a transcontinentalrailroad?A. The possibility of government support for such a task. (4)B. The need to explore Utah. (0)C. The need to connect the east coast with the west. (21)D. The need to develop the railroad industry in the west. (2) 参考答案:The need to connect the east coast with the west.答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 21 / 17正确率 : 55%48. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took___________.A. 9 years (0)B. 7 years (9)C. 4 years (5)D. 3 years (13)参考答案:3 years答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 13 / 25正确率 : 34%49.The building of the first transcontinental system ___________.A. brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in thewest (17)B. attracted many visitors to the construction sites (8)C. attracted laborers from Europe (1)D. encouraged people to travel all over the country (1)参考答案:brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the west答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 17 / 21正确率 : 44%50.The best title for this passage would be ___________.A. Settlements Spread Westward (1)B. The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital Link (18)C. American Railroad History (6)D. The Importance of Trains in the American Economy (2)参考答案:The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital Link答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 18 / 20正确率 : 47%Agriculture is the number one industry in the United States and agricultural products are the country's leading export. American farmers manage to feed not only the total population of the UnitedStates, but also millions of other people throughout the rest of the world. Corn and soybean exports alone account for approximately 75 percent of the amount sold in world markets.This productivity, however, has its price. Intensive cultivation exposes the earth to the damaging forces of nature. Every year wind and water remove tons of rich soil from the nation's croplands. Each field is covered by a limited amount of topsoil, the upper layer of earth which is richest in the nutrients and minerals necessary for growing crops. Ever since the first farmers arrived in the Midwest almost 200 years ago, cultivation and, consequently, erosion have been decreasing the supply of topsoil. In the 1830s, nearly two feet of rich, black topsoil covered the Midwest. Today the average depth is only eight inches, and every decade another inch is blown or washed away. This erosion is steadily decreasing the productivity of valuable cropland. A United States Agricultural Department survey states that if erosion continues at its present rate, corn and soybean yields in the Midwest may drop as much as 30 percent over the next 50 years. So far, farmers have been able to compensate for the loss of fertile topsoil by applying more chemical fertilizers to their fields; however, while this practice has increased crop yields, it has been devastating for ecology. Agriculture has become one of the biggest polluters of the nation's precious water supply. Rivers, lakes, and underground reserves of water are being filled in and poisoned by soil and chemicals carried by drainage from eroding fields. Furthermore, fertilizers only replenish the soil; they do not prevent its loss.51. Which of the following information supports the idea of the firstparagraph?A. American farmers manage to feed 75 percent of the totalpopulation of the U.S. (3)B. The U.S. farming holds its leading position in the world'sagriculture. (29)C. 75 percent of the agricultural population of the world relyon the agricultural products of the U.S. (3)D. The U.S. agriculture is considered minor compared with itsindustry. (1)参考答案:The U.S. farming holds its leading position in the world's agriculture.答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 29 / 15正确率 : 65%52. In order to compensate for the loss of fertile land, farmers havebeen ___________.A. planting less corn and soybean (0)B. preventing soil erosion (2)C. increasing crop yields (1)D. using chemical fertilizers (33)参考答案:using chemical fertilizers答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 33 / 11正确率 : 75%53."This practice" in paragraph 4 refers to __________.A. the expansion of the land (0)B. the protection of the environment (1)C. the application of fertilizers (34)D. the decrease of erosion (1)参考答案:the application of fertilizers答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 34 / 10正确率 : 77%54.Because of the intensive cultivation of the land ___________.A. a large amount of topsoil has been ruined (17)B. natural environment has been changed (9)C. nutrients and minerals have decreased (4)D. earth for growing crops have been washed away (6)参考答案:a large amount of topsoil has been ruined答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 17 / 27正确率 : 38%55.Based on the passage, we could conclude that __________.A. rivers and lakes are poisoned by chemicals (13)B. intensive cultivation destroys the ecology (20)C. the loss of soil can be replenished (2)D. crop yields decrease at the rate of 30 percent (1)参考答案:intensive cultivation destroys the ecology答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 20 / 24正确率 : 45%You must have heard about General Motors. But do you know that in 1973, the annual sales of GM were actually greater than the combined GNP (=Gross National Product) of Switzerland, Pakistan and South Africa? Yes, corporations such as GM, IBM, and ITT (国际电话电报公司) are extremely powerful. In fact the combined physical assets of all global corporations were estimated at more than $200 billion. And that was more than twenty years ago. Today their power has greatly increased, and is still growing. So much so that some observers believe that by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the 300 largest corporations will account for more than half of the world's industrial production.The most commonly used term for this type of transnational organization is "multinational corporation." It does not mean that they are all transnational in personnel. The top level of management usually comes mainly from one country. In most cases, the country is clearly identifiable as the home country. GM for example, is based in the United States. So are the others mentioned above. What makes them multinational is the scope of their operations. They manufacture and sell their products where it is most profitable, by passing the formal boundaries of states as much as they can and dealing with the governments of statesas little as they can.Being "multinational," they have little loyalty toward any one country. When their interests conflict with the political interests of a country, they will always put their business interests first. To them, political boundaries are irrelevant to the business of selling automobiles or Coca Cola. The chair of Dow Chemical Company once expressed the wish that he could buy an island owned by no nation, on which to establish his World Headquarters so that the corporation could be truly on neutral ground.56. From the first paragraph of this passage, we learn that____________.A. the annual sales of GM were more than $200 billion (1)B. the combined physical assets of all global corporations wereactually equal to the combined GNP of three countries (5)C. the 300 largest corporations is sure to take up more thanhalf of the world's industrial production by the endof 2010 (13)D. the combined GNP of Switzerland, Pakistan and South Africawere less than $200 billion in 1973 (16)参考答案:the combined GNP of Switzerland, Pakistan and South Africa were less than $200 billion in 1973答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 16 / 30正确率 : 34%57. The chair of Dow Chemical Company wished that he could buy an islandowned by no nation in order to __________.A. escape from political conflict (9)B. establish a state of his own on it (0)C. keep the corporation truly neutral (25)D. set up a new World Headquarters (1)参考答案:keep the corporation truly neutral答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 25 / 21正确率 : 54%58. Which of the following is NOT true about multinationalcorporations?A. They are transnational organizations. (0)B. None of them are transnational in personnel. (21)C. Most of their top managers are from one country. (5)D. They are barely loyal to any one country. (9)参考答案:None of them are transnational in personnel.答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 21 / 25正确率 : 45%59. From the passage we can infer that multinational corporations________.A. make great profits by dealing with the governments of statesas much as possible (0)B. would like to pass as few formal boundaries as possible(4)C. believe that political boundaries are essential to theirbusiness (0)D. attach more importance to their business interests than tothe political interests of a country (31)参考答案:attach more importance to their business interests than to the political interests of a country答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 31 / 15正确率 : 67%60.The passage is mainly about __________.A. the influence of multinational corporations (4)B. what multinational corporations are like (23)C. the products of multinational corporations (0)D. the operation of multinational corporations (8)参考答案:what multinational corporations are like答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 23 / 23正确率 : 50%Vocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.61. The employees wanted to __________ the number of working hours andincrease pay.A. decrease (19)B. delete (1)C. diminish (3)D. shorten (5)参考答案:decrease答题人数 :40正确 / 错误 : 19 / 21正确率 : 47%62. Suggestions from the survey have been __________ in the final designof the Olympic stadium in Beijing.A. stipulated (5)B. dedicated (3)C. incorporated (20)D. eliminated (5)参考答案:incorporated答题人数 :42正确 / 错误 : 20 / 22正确率 : 47%63. People's idea __________ as they read more and more books andexperience more themselves.A. matures (27)B. grows (1)C. ripens (6)D. increases (1)参考答案:matures 答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 27 / 17 正确率 : 61%64. There are __________ that fuel consumption and pollution might bereduced by smoothing traffic flow.A. implications (18)B. dedications (6)C. applications (7)D. obligations (1) 参考答案:implications 答题人数 :41正确 / 错误 : 18 / 23 正确率 : 43%65. The use of solar energy will probably __________ the lives of cominggenerations.A. modernize (0)B. innovate (5)C. renew (2)D. revolutionize (23)参考答案:revolutionize 答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 23 / 15 正确率 : 60%66.The __________ of the company has resulted in a lack of cash flow.A. expansion (29)B. invasion (2)C. expedition (1)D. application (2)参考答案:expansion 答题人数 :46正确 / 错误 : 29 / 17 正确率 : 63%67. We made a(n) __________ deal with the American company on the importedproducts at the price contracted.A. dominant (1)B. applicable (5)C. drastic (4)D. lucrative (28) 参考答案:lucrative 答题人数 :45正确 / 错误 : 28 / 17 正确率 : 62%68. He had studied Spanish before he left Mexico and had grown up in NewYork City -- the most culturally __________ place in America.A. adverse (0)B. reverse (1)C. diverse (27)D. converse (4)参考答案:diverse答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 27 / 17正确率 : 61%69. This project is __________ only if we implement it in cooperationwith a big company.A. realistic (2)B. feasible (19)C. appropriate (9)D. reasonable (0)参考答案:feasible答题人数 :42正确 / 错误 : 19 / 23正确率 : 45%70. The accident is a grim reminder of __________ dangers in South Seaoil production and we must keep alert.A. intentional (4)B. additional (1)C. proportional (3)D. potential (24)参考答案:potential答题人数 :43正确 / 错误 : 24 / 19正确率 : 55%71. Mary felt betrayed, but with less __________ consequence when Mr.Jones transferred his topic to the baseball tournament.A. original (1)B. drastic (23)C. intensive (3)D. swift (1)参考答案:drastic 答题人数 :38正确 / 错误 : 23 / 15 正确率 : 60%72. Fortunately, they managed to __________ an SOS signal and was rescuedby a passing ship.A. send off (1)B. send in (1)C. send out (31)D. send up (1)参考答案:send out 答题人数 :44正确 / 错误 : 31 / 13 正确率 : 70%73. The scientist __________ the project manager to the seriousconsequences the explosion might cause.A. alerted (38)B. alarmed (7)C. awaked (1)D. amazed (0) 参考答案:alerted 答题人数 :51正确 / 错误 : 38 / 13正确率 : 74%74. Stress level and heart disease are closely __________, according toa recent medical survey.A. manipulated (0)B. correlated (28)C. stipulated (1)D. stimulated (3)参考答案:correlated 答题人数 :43正确 / 错误 : 28 / 15 正确率 : 65%75. Relics from the First World War were __________ by farmers in northernFrance and were displayed in the National Museum.A. turned off (2)B. turned in (7)C. turned out (7)D. turned up (10) 参考答案:turned up 答题人数 :39正确 / 错误 : 10 / 29 正确率 : 25%76. Mainly made of logs, the house __________ violently whenever a trainpasses by.A. shivers (3)B. vibrates (22)C. quivers (9)D. moves (0)参考答案:vibrates 答题人数 :48正确 / 错误 : 22 / 26 正确率 : 45%77. She missed the train because she had been __________ the trafficjam.A. stuck to (1)B. stricken in (2)C. stuck in (19)D. struck to (0)参考答案:stuck in 答题人数 :34正确 / 错误 : 19 / 15 正确率 : 55%78. If you keep the water boiling, it will be converted into__________.A. vapor (29)B. gas (0)C. air (1)D. breath (0) 参考答案:vapor 答题人数 :40正确 / 错误 : 29 / 11 正确率 : 72%79. It is fun to let students take turns proposing questions and thennote them all down in __________ columns on Student Post.A. positive (5)B. ignorant (0)C. appropriate (21)D. prudent (6) 参考答案:appropriate 答题人数 :41正确 / 错误 : 21 / 20 正确率 : 51%80. What I failed to __________ was that most young people concentratedon world-famous brands instead of quality when they purchasedcosmetics.A. receive (3)B. deceive (1)C. perceive (28)D. conceive (3)参考答案:perceive 答题人数 :40正确 / 错误 : 28 / 12 正确率 : 70%81. Generous public funding of basic science would __________considerable benefits for the public health, wealth and security.A. result from (1)B. settle down (4)C. lie in (3)D. lead to (20) 参考答案:lead to 答题人数 :40正确 / 错误 : 20 / 20 正确率 : 50%82. The politician finds it imperative to __________ the government'ssocial and educational reforms throughout the country.。