中华人民共和国海事局2002年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第29期）科目：轮机英语试卷代号：804适用对象：无限、近洋航区750-3000KW船舶大管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。
第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1．5分，第77题至78题，每题10分。
一．单项选择题１．___ the supercharge pressure is, ___ power an engine develops．A．The higher/the more B．Higher/more C．Higher/little D．The higher/the less 2．___ tappet clearance will cause the exhaust valve to open late and close early in cycle and will reduce its maximum lift．A．Correct B．Insufficient C．Excessive D．None of the above．3．Acid solution _____ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a piece of lime．A．strength B．dense C．percentage D．velocity 4．The lowest temperature required to cause self-sustained combustion of a substance independent of any outside source of ignition is called ______．A．explosive range B．flash pointC．ignition temperature D．combustion temperature5．Before starting M/E, ______ should be worked by hand to minimize wear on the liners．A．the cylinder oil B．the starting valvesC．the cylinder lubricators D．the turning gear 6．To minimize corrosion, fuel oil strainer disks, spacers and scraper blades are made of _____．A．brass B．copper C．iron D．monel metal or stainless steel 7．Low compression results from ___．A．a worn cylinder B．broken piston rings C．either A or B D．None of the above 8．An electric heater built into some smaller diesel engines is used to ______．A．raise lube oil viscosity for easier starting in cold weatherB．increase air inlet temperatureC．increase compression ratioD．increase jacket water temperature for easier starting in cold weather 9．There should be a lubricating oil ___ between the main bearings and the crankshaft．A．film B．cap C．lacquer D．shell10．___ is the removal of exhaust gases by blowing in fresh air ．A．Gas exchange B．Charging C．Scavenging D．Supercharging 11．The casing of the independent thrust block is in two halves which are joined by ______．A．through bolts B．jack bolts C．tie bolts D．fitted bolts12．A(n) is a chemical or electro-chemical attack on the metal surface which may be further increased if the sea-water is polluted．A．errosion B．corrosion C．cavity D．scouring13．Some vessels are equipped with a water lubricated stern tube．When at sea, operating under normal conditions, the water service valve from the ship's saltwater system to the bearing should be ______________．A．closed, and no leakage permitted across the shaft packingB．closed, and only slight leakage permitted across the shaft packingC．open, and no leakage permitted across the shaft packingD．open, and only slight leakage permitted across the shaft packing14．When a centrifuge is arranged to separate impurities and small amount of water from oil, it is known as a ________ ．A．purifier B．separator C．filter D．clarifier15．Wear in a cylinder liner is usually due to ___．A．friction B．abrasion C．corrosion D．All of the above．16．Wear in parts of exhaust valve operation gear will tend to ___ the tappet clearance．A．increase B．reduce C．rise D．reduction17．The gear and screw pumps are classified as ___．A．variable stroke pumps B．multistage pumpsC．positive displacement pumps D．triple-ported pumps18．A more sophisticated pressure reducing valve incorporates a pilot valve which controls the fluid above the valve operating piston in response to downstream pressure．The bold and italic word “ which” means___________ ．A．a pressure reducing valve B．a pilot valveC．an operating piston D．downstream pressure19．A pump is said to have 'negative suction head ' when the pump is located ___．A．between the suction and discharge B．below the liquid supplyC．above the liquid supply D．Any of the above．20．The water in an auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for _____．A．dissolved oxygen B．chlorides C．sludge D．dissolved nitrogen21．A ____ boiler is an auxiliary boiler sometimes included in a steamship's installation for supplying steam to auxiliaries in port．A．monkey B．donkey C．waste heat D．main22．Here some oil in the oily water separator, as a result of its lower ______, will separate and rise into the oil collection space．A．temperature B．viscosity C．density D．velocity23．The term ‘discharge ’, as it applies to the pollution regulations, means _____．A．spilling B．leaking C．dumping D．All of the above ．24．In a complete oil/water separator, more oil will separate out onto the underside of these plates and travel outwards until it is free to rise into the oil collecting space．What‟s the meaning of “it” in the sentence above?A．a separator B．oil C．water D．an oil collecting space 25．Which of the listed burning materials would be described as a class … B ‟ fire?A．Acetylene. B．Lube oil. C．Grease. D．All of the above．26．According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ___．A．welcome B．admitted in some special sea areasC．prohibited D．acceptable27．Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to allow the hydraulic energy to be controlled?A．hydraulic pumps B．valves C．hydraulic cylinders D．hydraulic motors 28．The rotor of the hydraulic motor rotates at a speed proportional to the ___．A．flow of oil B．pressure of oil C．A and B D．temperature of oil29．It is important that the two condensate drain cocks, fitted to the underside of the air chest, ___ until the engine is placed on full load．A．remain open B．remain close C．retain open D．retain close 30．Broken valve strips in an operating low pressure, air compressor will cause _____．A．an immediate crankcase explosion B．oil contamination in the compressed airC．a decrease in compressor capacity D．no immediate loss of the compressed air capacity 31．The saturation temperature of the refrigerant must be ___ that required in the evaporator refrigerated space．A．above B．below C．equal to D．None of the above．32．The boiling and condensation points of a refrigerant depend on the ___ exerted upon it．A．temperature B．pressure C．velocity D．heat33．The current flowing first in one direction and then in another is called ____ current．A．an alternating B．a rush C．a direct D．an exciting34．An emergency generator, driven by an internal combustion engine, shall be tested under load for a minimum of 2 hours at least once every _____________．A．week B．2 weeks C．month D．3 months35．The output voltage of a three-phase alternator is regulated by the _____________．A．AC voltage to the armature B．AC voltage to the fieldC．DC voltage to the armature D．DC voltage to the field36．The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ___ on most large ships．A．distribution boards B．section boardsC．emergency switch boards D．main switch boards37．Electrical supply is always needed even if only for lighting so after a ship goes into service it is extremely rare for the main bus-bars to be dead, it therefore follows that the bus-bars arecontinuously alive ____ the life of the ship ．A．along B．will C．throughout D．for38．______control system is one in which the control action is independent of the output．A．Feed back B．Negative feed back C．Close loop D．Open loop39．A manometer is used to measure ___．A．pressure B．temperature C．volume D．specific gravity40．You must take good care of the drainage cock of the air control system．Because ____ leads scale formed which might malfunctions the pilot control valve and other instruments．A．the temperature B．the rust C．the pressure D．the humidity 41．Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devices that are sensitive to _______．A．temperature B．pressure C．engine speed D．All of the above．42．The first requirement for logical troubleshooting of any system is the ability to _____．A．collect all available data on a casualtyB．recognize normal operationC．identify the probable cause of a symptomD．isolate the faulty component43．STCW shall apply to seafarers ___ on board seagoing ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party．A．served B．serving C．surveyed D．surveying44．Diesel engine exhaust temperatures may be used to indicate ______．A．leaking exhaust valves B．an overloaded cylinderC．a clogged injector nozzle D．All of the above．45．Which of the listed conditions is most likely to cause a crankcase explosion?A．A high cooling water temperature．B．Fuel dilution of the lube oil．C．Excessive engine speeds．D．Improper lube oil viscosity．46．Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by _______．A．high compression pressure B．low intake air pressureC．low exhaust pressure D．high scavenge air pressure47．In a diesel engine, an extremely leaking exhaust valve can cause ______．A．misfiring B．pre-ignitionC．interrupted scavenging D．reduced scavenging48．Diesel engine automated control systems may utilize sensing devices of dual function, with sensing ranges providing both alarm and engine shut down capability．Which of the key points listed would only require an alarm sensor?A．Lube oil pressure and temperature．B．Jacket water pressure and temperature．C．Engine over-speed．D．Lube oil sump level．49．Fix the fuel injector into ___ after repair．A．the cylinder liner B．the cylinder cover C．the cylinder jacket D．the piston 50．During ___, the starting air valves should be closed to prevent the engine from turning．A．overhaul B．running C．blowing down D．All of the above are correct．51．Each journal and pin should be examined for ______ and grooving．A．bridges B．recesses C．rears D．ridging52．During repair, lubrication lines and orifices must be ____．A．taken away B．engaged C．connected D．sealed off53．If the effective bearing area has been reduced ______ , remedial action should be taken．A．by more than 5 percent B．by less than 10 percentC．to 95 percent D．to less than 90 percent54．The difference between measured and desired values is called _____．A．make-up B．desired value C．set value D．deviation55．It is well known that the whole power distribution of the ship’s electrical services mainly depend on the _______．A．sub-boards B．main switchboardsC．emergency switchboards D．distribution boards56．Which of the motors for the devices listed below is fitted with an instantaneous overload relay?A．Fan B．Winch C．Pump D．Machine tool57．The crankcase cover should never be allowed to open for investigation when ____．A．the engine stops B．the engine is runningC．you repair the engine D．overhauling the engine58．In the engine department, the ___ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed．A．captain B．chief engineer C．chief officer D．chief motorman 59．Routine monitoring of a diesel engine should include _______．A．checking for leaks B．checking temperatures and pressuresC．listening for abnormal noises D．All of the above．60．If your vessel has a starboard list after taking on fuel, you would transfer fuel _____．A．to starboard B．to port C．forward D．aft.61．Your vessel has run aground and upon taking fuel oil tank soundings, you find that a fuel tank level has increased．You therefore should suspect ______．A．condensation in the fuel tank B．a crack in the hull portion of the fuel tankC．a load of bad fuel D．contamination from the saltwater flushing system 62．The order“Bow thrust stop．”means“_____”．A．Bow thrust full to port B．Bow thrust full to starboardC．No bow thrust revolutions D．No stern thrust revolutions63．The auxiliary steering gear must be capable of being brought speedily into operation and be able to put the rudder over from 15 degrees on one side to 15 degrees on the other side in no more than_____ with the ship at its deepest service draught and running ahead at the greater of one half of the maximum service speed or _____．A．28 seconds/7 knots B．28 seconds/14 knotsC．60 seconds/7 knots D．60 seconds/14 knots 64．A ______sometimes called filters, is a device designed to prevent the passage of unwanted solids into the system．A．s team trap B．c heck valve C．s eparator D．s trainer65．A fire involving aluminum powder would be a class _________．A．'A' fire B．'B' fire C．'C' fire D．'D' fire66．If a small fire initially breaks out in the engine room bilges, in which of the following sequences should the fire extinguishing agents or systems be used?A．Fixed CO 2 , semi-portable CO 2 ,then hand portable CO 2．B．Semi-portable CO 2 ,fixed CO 2 , then hand portable CO 2．．C．Hand portable, semi-portable CO 2 , then as a last resort the fixed CO 2 system．D．Hand portable, fixed CO 2 , then as a last resort the semi-portable CO 2．67．Engines for lifeboats are required to have sufficient fuel to operate for how many hours?A．6 hours B．12 hours C．18 hours D．24 hours68．The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships．A．pollution B．economization C．safety D．efficiency二．关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组:The cylinder cover is made of cast iron and is provided with two inlet valves, two exhaust valves, a central mounted fuel injection valve and an indicator valve．The inlet valves are mounted with separate seating rings made of special heat-resistant cast iron．These rings are pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions．The exhaust valve seatings are special, water-cooled seating rings．These rings are also pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions．Each cylinder cover is provided with cooling water from a screwed -on tubular cooling water jacket through radial bores in the thick bottom of the cover．Each of the radial bores is connected to two side bores．The cover has further separate bores that lead to the cooling water jacket and the bores in the cylinder cover to a common outlet chamber．The cylinder cover and cylinder liner are assembled by means of four threaded studs screwed into the frame．Tightening is effected by means of hydraulic tools, and sealing by means of a thin ring mounted between the cylinder cover and the cylinder liner．A starting valve is mounted on the side of the cylinder cover．The engine has oil-cooled pistons of cast iron．The pistons are provided with three compression rings and a spring-loaded scraper ring．A space for cooling oil is provided at the top of the piston．The scraper ring prevents lubricating oil from being drawn up into the combustion chamber．Oil for cooling the piston crown is led from a bore in the crankshaft through a channel in the connecting rod and the connecting rod journal, to the bushing for the gudgeon pin．This bushing is provided with an annular groove from which part of the oil is led for lubricating the gudgeonpin．The remaining oil continues through bores in the gudgeon pin and the piston to piston cooling chamber．69．This passage is mainly about ___．A．cylinders and cylinder covers B．cylinders and pistonsC．cylinder covers and pistons D．cylinders and oil70．Which of the following may be provided on top of the cylinder cover?A．two exhaust valves B．a starting valveC．an indicator D．All of the above.71．Which of the following is true?A．The inlet valve seating rings are of heat-resistant cast steelB．There are six studs by which the cylinder cover and liner are tightenedC．The exhaust valve seatings are cooled by waterD．A copper ring is mounted between the cylinder cover and the liner72．Which of the following is NOT true?A．The pistons are cooled by oil B．Four piston rings are fitted to each piston C．The scraper ring scrapes the oil downwards D．The piston cooling is of splash type 第二组:Each type has its merits and most systems will deploy two or more of the above types of devices depending on the space being protected．Within machinery spaces, ionization smoke detectors are generally considered the first line of defense．These devices monitor the electrical charge which occurs when combustion particles reach the charged space in the detector．So that the units can be readily tested an indicator light is provided on the sensor body．This lights up in the presence of gas from a test canister or even from the fumes off a cigarette．73．Which of the following detectors are based on the charges or light principle?A．smoke detectors B．heat sensorsC．temperature rising sensors D．flame detectors74．In general,_______ of fire detectors are fitted on the compartment being protected at least．A．one type B．two types C．three types D．four types75．Within engine room, ______sensors are arranged certainly．A．smoke B．heat C．temperature rising D．flame 76．Which of the following statements is true?A．The more types of fire detectors are fitted on the space being protected, the more possible it is to avoid fire hazards．B．Flame detectors are based on the light principle of fire detection．C．Cigarette smoking may cause fire．D．A test canister means it is necessary to sample fumes for detection fire．三．中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77．我们很清楚船进港后不允许随意排放油柜或被油污染的空间内的舱底水和含油的水。
