中考语法冲刺-冠词讲解及提升练习中考英语冠词讲解与考点分析冠词是中考单项填空必考的语法项目之一,一般每年有一道小题,两个空。
因为冠词用法比较灵活,往往随着语境的变化而变化,并且固定搭配和特例较多，失分的考生比较多。
本文将结合中考试题,归纳冠词的考点。
第一部分：基础知识一、冠词概述冠词是虚词，它不能单独使用。
只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词。
冠词分为不定冠a(an)词和定冠词the。
不定冠词一般表示泛指；定冠词一般表示特指。
二、不定冠词a(an)的用法A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。
a用于辅音字母开始的词前；an用于元音字母开始的词前。
如：a girl an English bookB. 不定冠词用来表示类别，指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指)。
如：His father is a doctor.I work in a middle school in Beijing.C. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前，可以表示其全类(泛指)。
如：An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.三、定冠词the的用法①表示上文提到过的人或事物。
如：He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning.The dictionary is very good.①用于单数可数名词前，表示整体或类别。
如：The panda is a rare animal.此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.①用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。
如：the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world①用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。
如：the Chinese Communist Party, the working class the proletariat 无产阶级①常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
A. 用于许多江海，山脉，群岛等名词前：The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific OceanB. 用于由普通名词构成的国名：The People's Republic of China the United StatesC. 用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前：the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynastythe People's Daily the Summer Palace the Peace Hotelthe British Museum①用于表示方位的名词前。
如：the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left①用于乐器名词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。
如：play the piano play the violin play erhu①用于复数的姓氏前，表示两夫妇或全家，在此情况下，这类名词作复数对待。
如：When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.The Smiths watch TV every day.①用于某些形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物。
如：the poor the rich the living the youngthe wounded the oppressed the beautiful①用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。
如：Shanghai is the biggest city in china.After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.四、零冠词用法①表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前，不用冠词。
Now people are living a happy life.Trees are planted everywhere.①不含普通名词的专有名词，表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前，不用冠词。
We are studying English.He is leaving for America this year.It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.Love is always stronger than hatred.①名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰，不用冠词。
I like this picture better.Is that your book?Take their chairs away!I do not have any money on me.As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.①季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。
She likes spring while I like summer.We have no classes on Saturday.The Long March started in October 1934.①表示只有一人担任的职务、头衔的名词前，不用冠词。
We have elected him our monitor.①三餐饭的名词前，一般不用冠词。
When do you have lunch?After supper we usually take a walk.①节假日等名词前，不用冠词。
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.注意：在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词：on the eve of National Dayon the eve of New Year’s Day①球类和棋类运动的名词前，不用冠词。
play basketball play chess①作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前，不用冠词。
Your help was most timely.This method is most effective.注意：如果有比较范围，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词：Of all methods, this is the most effective.①在某些固定词组里，名词前不用冠词。
on foot by train/ boat / plane…in fact as a matter of fact in classin church in danger in hospital in town in bed at homeat school at daybreak at sunrise at dusk at sunset at night at noongo to school go to class go to bed from morning till nightfrom victory to victory from door to door五、注意事项①当man作人类讲时，用零冠词。
Man will conquer nature.①某些抽象名词具体化时是可数名词，其前可加a。
surprise, fire, joy,He is a success as a teacher.Long Jing is a famous tea in China.① a 用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。
A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside.①在某些句型中可加aIt is a pity that you have missed the chance.It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth.①word 作消息讲时，用零冠词。
Word came that he would go abroad.第二部分：考点分析考点1 不定冠词一、用于单数可数名词前,表示泛指，相当于“any”，说明事物的种类或类属。
例题：1．It is often said that __________ teachers have __________ very easy life.A. 不填；不填B. 不填；aC. the, 不填D. the, a提示：这里的a very easy life（简单的生活）表示泛指。
答案：B2．When you come here for your holiday next time, don\'t go to________hotel; I can find you________bed in my flat.A. the; aB. the; 不填C. a; theD. a; 不填提示：此处bed表示泛指,意思是“我能在我的公寓里为你找到一张床”。
二、用于单数可数名词前，表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。
例题：1．I knew ______ John Lennon, but not ______ famous one.A. 不填；aB. a；theC. 不填；theD. the；a提示：有一个叫John Lennon的人，用不定代词，表示某一个。
答案：B2．I can't remember when exactly the Robinsons left __ city. I only remember it was ____Monday.A. the, theB. a, theC. a, aD. the, a提示：某个星期天是a Monday。
答案：D三、不定冠词a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
例题：The Wilsons live in ______ A- shaped house near the coast. It is ____ 17th century cottage.A. the ; 不填B. an; theC. 不填; theD. an; a提示：因为a 属于元音音素，应该用an;答案：D四、不定冠词位于抽象名词前，与抽象名词连用，使抽象名词具体化，表示“一场、一次、一件”。
如：a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，an honour一个（件）经以为荣的人(事)。
