2014年高考高中英语知识点详解及训练(115):sentence短语归纳
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句型和句子基本种类的讲解句子(sentence)是一个独立的语言单位,表达一种完整的思想。
按其使用目的可分为陈述句(declarative sentence)、疑问句(interrogative sentence)、祈使句(imperative sentence)和感叹句(exclamatory sentence)。
按其的不同结构,主要可分为三种类型,即简单句、并列句和复合句。
按照句子的用途或功能,可分为:1. 陈述句(Declarative Sentence)陈述句是用来说明事实、看法,描述动作、状态,阐明道理、原因,等等。
这是日常生活中见得最多的一种句子。
它在表达意思上有两种形式,即肯定句形式和否定句形式。
例如:Chinese is one of the major languages in the world .中文是世界主要语言之一。
It is not an easy job to learn English well .学好英语不是件易事。
She is doing her term paper .她在写学期论文。
This is a beautiful garden .这是一座漂亮的花园。
Wealth does not mean happiness .富有并不意味着幸福。
Being over-slept , he was late for class today.由于睡过了头,他今天上课迟到了。
2. 疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)疑问句是用来提出问题的,按其所提出的不同问题可分为以下四种:(1)一般疑问句(General Question)一般疑问句是就某件事或某种情况的“是与否”提问。
因此,它的回答不是Yes就是No;回答时所用的句子可以是完整句,也可以是省略句。
另一方面,凡是疑问句一般说来都应该是倒装语序。
例如:--Are you a student ? --Yes, I am a student .--Do you like dancing ? --Yes, I do .(2)特殊疑问句(Special Question)特殊疑问句是对某件事或某种情况的某一方面的具体内容提问,因此,对哪一方面的具体内容提问,就需要使用相应的特殊疑问词如:时间(When)、地点(Where)、原因(Why)、方式(How)、人物(Who)、名称(What),等等。
高中英语知识点归纳写作句子类型与句子结构的变化高中英语知识点归纳:写作句子类型与句子结构的变化英语写作是学生们在高中阶段必须掌握的一项重要技能。
而要提升自己的写作水平,了解不同句子类型和句子结构的变化是至关重要的。
本文将对高中英语写作中经常用到的句子类型和句子结构进行归纳总结,帮助学生们更好地运用这些知识点来提升自己的写作能力。
一、句子类型1.陈述句(declarative sentence)陈述句是最常见的句子类型,用于陈述一个事实或者提出一个观点。
它通常以主语开头,谓语动词位于主语之后。
例句:The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。
)2.疑问句(interrogative sentence)疑问句用于提问,以助动词或疑问词开头,谓语动词位于助动词或疑问词之后。
例句:Are you coming to the party tonight?(你今晚要来参加派对吗?)3.祈使句(imperative sentence)祈使句用于提出请求、建议或命令,其主语通常省略。
例句:Please close the door.(请关上门。
)4.感叹句(exclamatory sentence)感叹句用于表示强烈的情感或感叹,通常以"What"或"How"开头。
例句:What a beautiful sunset!(多么美丽的日落啊!)二、句子结构的变化1.简单句(simple sentence)简单句由一个主语和一个谓语动词构成。
例句:She sings beautifully.(她唱歌唱得很好听。
)2.并列句(compound sentence)并列句由两个或多个简单句通过连词连接而成,用于表达两个或多个并列的思想。
例句:I like playing basketball, and my sister likes playing tennis.(我喜欢打篮球,而我姐姐喜欢打网球。
· sentence· v. ['sentəns] ( sentences; sentenced; sentencing )·· 双解释义· vt.宣判; 判决give a punishment to sb for doing wrong; condemn a person to a particular punishment· 基本要点•1.sentence的基本意思是“宣判,判决”,一般指法庭在审判之后决定和宣布对某人进行惩罚,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,还可接以动词不定式充当宾语补足语的复合宾语。
2.sentence常用于被动结构,并常与介词to连用。
3.sentence与for连用,意为“因…而判处”; 与to连用意为“判处…”。
•· 词汇搭配••sentence for 因…而判刑•sentence for theft 因偷窃罪被判刑•sentence to 判处•sentence to a fine 被判处罚款•sentence to death 被判死刑•sentence to five years 被判刑五年·常用短语•sentence to(v.+prep.)1.处以刑罚 give a punishment to▲sentence sb to sthThe judge sentenced the murderer to death.法官宣判杀人犯死刑。
The judge sentenced him to five years for theft.因盗窃罪法官判处他五年徒刑。
◇ 用于be ~ed结构Then the manager was sentenced to seven years' imprisonment for smuggling.当时那位经理因走私罪被判七年徒刑。
He was tried on the charge of inciting to riot and sentenced to thirty days in jail.他因被指控煽动骚乱而受到审判,并被判处30天监禁。
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类(按照用途分类)1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句。
)具体知识:1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型:(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1).What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!2).How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3).How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
高中英语知识点大全(5):again、age、ahead的用法1、again and againagain and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again 再三地The old man thinks of his happy past again and again. 这位老人再三地想起他幸福的过去。
2、age(1)n.年龄,时代,时期The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old.那位老人80岁时去世了。
He is young for his age. 就他的年龄而论,他是年轻的。
What is the age of the church? 这座教堂多少年了?He was the greatest poet of the age. 他是那个时代最伟大的诗人。
(2)vi./vt. 变老He is aging fast. Worry ages a man. 他老得很快。
忧虑令人老!I found him greatly aged. 我发现他老多了。
拓展:(1)adj. aged……岁的,年老的a boy aged ten 一个10岁的男孩an aged man老人(2)人生的七期baby→infant→child→youth→manhood→middle age→old age婴儿/0→幼儿/7→儿童/12→青年/28→壮年/40→中年/65→老年3、aheadahead短语归纳go ahead朝前走,请便(同意对方继续干或同意对方的请求);go ahead (on)with…继续;ahead of在……前面,早于,优先;ahead of time提前[应用]完成句子①他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。
高中英语语法基础——强调句型知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)在高中英语中,强调句是重点句型,也是难点句型,更是考试中的高频句型。
作为英语语言表达中一种句型,强调句的使用,目的在于通过强调主语、宾语或者是状语某个部分,来强化表述自己对一句话中某一个点(时间、地点、人物、事件等方面)的情感,态度和意愿。
强调句属于主从复合句,但强调部分只强调句子的某一个成分。
英语中常用的强调结构有:It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...(陈述句);疑问词what/how/why…+be it that…句型(疑问句);It was not until… + that…句型。
一)、陈述句强调句型(1)It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+从句。
如:原句:Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语:It was Mary who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语:It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间:It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)强调地点:It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening. (注意不用where)(2)强调谓语动词时,用助动词do/does或did。
如:Do remember to get up early tomorrow, or we will miss the train.Do be careful when you cross the street.He did write to you last week.Mr.White, I did hand in my homework to you this morning.二)、疑问句强调句型1、一般疑问句的强调句型:形式上只需将is / was提前,即:Is / Was+ it+被强调部分+that / who+从句? 如:Was it your brother that made you get hurt?Was it in Beihai Park that they made a date for the first time?2、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问词Who / When / What / How / Where / Why...)+is / was+it+that+从句?如:原句:How did he come here ? 强调句:How was it that he came here ?原句:Why did he came late ? 强调句:Why was it that he came late ?原句:When / Where did you met your girlfriend for the first time ?强调句:When and where was it that you met your girlfriend for the first time ?三)、not...until...强调句型1、句型为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+从句。
高三英语句子知识点大全英语句子作为语言表达的基本单位,在日常交流和学习中起着重要的作用。
在高三英语学习中,掌握句子的不同类型和结构,对于提高语言运用能力和理解能力都至关重要。
下面将介绍一些高三英语中常见的句子知识点,帮助同学们更好地掌握英语句子。
一、陈述句(Declarative Sentences)陈述句是用来陈述或者叙述事实的句子。
它的基本结构是主语+谓语+宾语,主谓宾的顺序可以灵活调整,但句子的语序要保持一致。
例如:1. I love English.(我喜欢英语。
)2. She is reading a book.(她正在看书。
)二、疑问句(Interrogative Sentences)疑问句用来提问,通常以助动词、系动词或者疑问代词开头。
句子末尾要用问号(?)标示。
例如:1. Do you like playing basketball?(你喜欢打篮球吗?)2. What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)三、感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)感叹句用于表达强烈的情感或者感叹,常以“What”或“How”开头,句子末尾用感叹号(!)标示。
例如:1. What a beautiful sunset!(多美的日落啊!)2. How amazing the performance is!(演出太精彩了!)四、祈使句(Imperative Sentences)祈使句用来表达命令、请求、建议或者劝告。
通常省略了主语,谓语动词直接用原形。
句子末尾可以使用感叹号(!)或者句号(.)标示。
例如:1. Be quiet!(安静!)2. Please pass me the book.(请把书递给我。
)五、条件句(Conditional Sentences)条件句用于表达假设、条件或者可能性。
分为三种类型:一般条件句、虚拟条件句和完成条件句。
例如:1. If it rains, we will stay at home.(如果下雨,我们将待在家里。
高中英语句子类型归纳总结在学习英语句子类型时,了解并掌握不同类型的句子结构对于学生们的语法学习和英语写作至关重要。
本文将归纳总结高中英语常见的句子类型,以帮助学生们更好地理解和运用这些句子结构。
一、陈述句陈述句是最常见的句子类型,用于陈述一个事实、陈述一个观点或描述一个情况。
陈述句的基本结构是主语+谓语+宾语,句末用句号作为结束标点。
例如:- He is a teacher.- I like to read novels.- It is raining outside.二、疑问句疑问句用于提出问题或询问信息,通常有两种形式:一是一般疑问句,二是特殊疑问句。
1. 一般疑问句一般疑问句的基本结构是将谓语动词提前至主语之前,句末用问号作为结束标点。
例如:- Are you coming to the party?- Does he speak French?- Can they swim?2. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是用于询问特定的事实、信息或细节。
特殊疑问句的基本结构是疑问词+一般疑问句的结构。
例如:- What is your favorite color?- Where did you go yesterday?- How do you spell your last name?三、祈使句祈使句用于表达请求、命令、建议或劝告。
祈使句的基本结构是直接使用动词原形开头,句末用句号或感叹号作为结束标点。
例如:- Brush your teeth before going to bed.- Please pass me the salt.- Let's go for a walk.四、感叹句感叹句用于表达惊讶、高兴、悲伤等情感。
感叹句的基本结构是主语+系动词+形容词或副词,句末用感叹号作为结束标点。
例如:- What a beautiful sunset!- How delicious this cake is!- What a terrible accident!五、条件句条件句用于表达假设、条件或可能性。
高三英语句式知识点总结Here are some key points on sentence patterns for English learners in Senior 3:Simple Sentences:The simplest form of sentences are straightforward. For instance, "I like apples." This type of sentence has a subject, "I," and a verb, "like," along with an object, "apples." Simple sentences are easy to understand and are great for daily conversations.Compound Sentences:When you want to connect two independent thoughts, use a compound sentence. Like, "I love reading books, and it helps me relax after a long day." Here, the conjunction "and" joins two separate simple sentences to form a more complex idea.Complex Sentences:For deeper explanations or descriptions, complex sentences come in handy. For example, "Because I enjoy learning new things, I often read books on various topics." The subordinate clause "Because I enjoy learning new things" adds detail and context to the main clause "I often read books on various topics."Compound-Complex Sentences:When you want to pack even more information into a sentence, go for compound-complex. Consider, "Not only do I enjoy reading books, but I also like to discuss what I've learned with my friends, who often have interesting perspectives on the topics." This sentence combines a compound structure with a complex clause to create a rich and layered expression.Imperative Sentences:For direct commands or requests, use the imperativeform. It's short and to the point, like, "Finish your homework before watching TV." No subject is needed for an imperative sentence, making it a quick way to get your point across.Questions:When asking for information or clarification, questions are essential. They can be simple, like "Where are you going?" or more complex, such as "Could you please explain how the experiment works in more detail?" Questions vary in structure but always end with a question mark.Remember, variety in sentence patterns makes your writing more engaging and interesting to read. Practice using different sentence types to enhance your writing skills.。
高中英语知识点归纳句子成分的分类和功能在高中英语学习中,句子成分是一个非常重要的知识点。
了解并掌握句子成分的分类和功能,对于理解句子的结构和语法规则具有关键性意义。
本文将对高中英语句子成分的分类和功能进行归纳总结。
一、句子成分的分类在英语句子中,常见的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、同位语、状语、定语、补语和插入语等。
1. 主语(Subject):主语是句子的核心部分,通常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等表示。
主语在句子中的作用是执行动作或者是被动接受动作。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。
)- He plays basketball every day.(他每天打篮球。
)2. 谓语(Predicate):谓语是句子的动作或状态的核心部分,通常由动词或动词短语表示。
谓语说明主语的动作或状态。
例如:- They are going to the park.(他们要去公园。
)- She is a student.(她是一名学生。
)3. 宾语(Object):宾语是句子中动作的承受者或影响者,通常由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等表示。
宾语通常回答“谁”或“什么”的问题。
例如:- He bought a new car.(他买了一辆新车。
)- Can you pass me the salt?(你能递给我盐吗?)4. 表语(Predicate complement):表语通常用来补充说明主语的身份、特征或状态,通常由形容词、名词、代词等表示。
表语用来对主语进行补充说明。
例如:- She is happy.(她很开心。
)- The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。
)5. 同位语(Appositive):同位语通常用来对前面的名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,通常由名词、代词等表示。
同位语用来进一步说明前面的名词或代词。
例如:- My sister, a doctor, lives in New York.(我的姐姐,一名医生,住在纽约。
高中英语知识点大全(115):sentence短语归纳
1、send out 发出;放出
Some unknown flowers in the garden send out nice smell.
花园里有些不知名的花发出香味。
The sun sends out light and heat. 太阳发光发热。
send 构成的其他词组:
send away 撵走;开除;解雇send for 派人去叫(请) send up 发射
2、sentence 短语归纳
sentence 用作名词或动词,有“宣判,判决”之意。
如:pass sentence on sb. 判某人的刑;
announce sentence on sb. 宣布对某人的判决;serve one’s sentence 服刑;
be sentenced to hard labour 被判服苦役;sentence sb. to death 判某人死刑;
be sentenced to six months in prisom 被判处六个月监禁;
be under the sentence of death/be sentenced to death 被判处死刑;
have sb. sentenced to death 判某人死刑;receive a sentence of two years 被判两年徒刑。
[应用]完成句子
①一个凶手被判三年徒刑,另一个被判处死刑。
One murderer was______ ______ three years in prison and the other was sentenced_______ _________ .
②那小偷被判5年监禁。
The thief_______a sentence _______ 5 years in prison.
Key:①sentenced, to, to, death ②received, of
3、separate
(1)adj. 独自的、独立的、分别为不同的、各自的、分离的、分开的。
My little son wants a separate room. 我小儿子想要个单词。
I want to listen to your separate opinions. 我想听你们每个人自己的看法。
(2) t. ;vi. 使分开;分离;隔开。
常与from 搭配。
Separate the bad apples from the good ones. 把坏苹果和好的分开。
England is separated from France by the Channel. 英吉利海峡把英国和法国分隔开。
We talked until midnight and then separated. 我们一直谈到半夜,然后才分手。
Nobody can separate Taiwan from China. 任何人也不能把台湾从中国分裂出去。