热点17

1
3、8月1日，是中国人民解放军90周年。

建立于1927年
4、8月7日，庆祝内蒙古自治区成立70周年。

2017-70=1947
5、2017年8月彼得。

奥尼尔，连任巴布亚新几内亚政府总理，8月4日中国国务院总理李克强致贺电。

商人，巴新“人民全国代表大会党”主席。

1965年2月13日出生，父亲是澳大利亚人，母亲是巴新当地人。

2004年起任反对党领袖，2007年加入迈克尔·索马雷总理领导的政府，历任财政部长和劳动部长。

2011年8月2日，奥尼尔与反对党议员联手宣布总理职位空缺，并扳倒了代总理萨姆·阿巴尔领导的内阁，议会以70:24的优势选举奥尼尔为新总理。

8
9。

2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读-英女王谢幕01（2022·四川·一模）On September 8th, 2022, Queen Elizabeth II, Britain’s longest-reigning monarch in history, died aged 96. Buckingham Palace announced her death on Thursday, Her son, Prince Charles, has now become Britain’s new king.“The Queen died peacefully at Balmoral this afternoon,” Buckingham Palace said in a statement. “The King and The Queen Consort will remain at Balmoral this evening and will return to London tomorrow,” it added.“The death of my beloved Mother, Her Majesty The Queen, is a moment of the greatest sadness for me and all members of my family,” King Charles said in a statement, “We mourn profoundly the passing of a cherished Sovereign and a much-loved Mother. I know her loss will be deeply felt throughout the country, the Realms and the Commonwealth, and by countless people around the world.”“Queen Elizabeth II was the rock on which modern Britain was built,” Britain’s Prime Minister Liz Truss said in a statement.Earlier in the day, Buckingham Palace said the monarch was under medical supervision due to doctors’ concerns over her health. The royal family members soon rushed to Scotland to be at her side following the announcement.In the evening, royal staff hung obituaries(讣告)on railings in front of Buckingham Palace. Crowds braved the rain to pay their respects and many laid flowers outside Windsor Castle.Queen Elizabeth II has significantly reduced her public engagements since the death of her husband Prince Philip in April last year, and canceled or postponed many official engagements after being hospitalized in October last year. She was diagnosed with the coronavirus in February.Born on April 21, 1926, Elizabeth II was announced Queen after the death of her father, King George VI, on Feb. 6, 1952. She was formally crowned(加冕)the monarch of the United Kingdom on June 2, 1953. 1．How long was Elizabeth queen of Britain?A．70 years.B．96 years.C．69 years.D．68 years.2．What does Liz Truss think of Queen Elizabeth?A．She is the greatest queen in the history of Britain.B．She is a beloved mother.C．She plays an important role in the modern history of Britain.D．She is a popular queen respected by her people.3．Why did Queen Elizabeth appear in public less frequently?A．Because her husband died and her health was in bad condition.B．Because she got tired of fame and wealth.C．Because she wished a quieter life when she was old.D．Because she would like Prince Charles to appear in public more.4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Farewell to Queen Elizabeth IIB．Queen Elizabeth II: a Beloved MotherC．The Wonderful Life of Queen Elizabeth IID．A Highly Honored Queen02（2022·北京·首都师范大学附属密云中学高三阶段练习）Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended the British throne at 25, has passed away at the age of 96.On Sept. 8, the official Twitter account belonging to the royal family confirmed the news, writing, “The Queen died peacefully at Balmoral this afternoon.”The news comes hours after Buckingham Palace issued a statement on Sept. 8, sharing that doctors were “concerned” with the Queen’s health and recommended she “remain under medical supervision.”While Her Majesty stayed busy with a variety of royal engagements even in the final years of her life, some royal watchers grew concerned about her heath after the Queen started using a cane and was briefly hospitalized in October 2021 for an undisclosed ailment.In February, the fears grew stronger after she tested positive for COVID-19, just weeks after she celebrated 70 years on the British throne to become the longest-reigning monarch in British history. However, the Queen would make a rare appearance a little over three months later in May at the Royal Windsor Horse Show.But after the first day of her Platinum Jubilee celebrations in June, the Palace shared at the time that she experienced “some discomfort,” leading her to miss the National Service of Thanksgiving at St. Paul’s Cathedral on June 3.Back in 1952, Elizabeth became queen upon the death of her father, King George VI. In 2015, she surpassed the previous longest-reigning British monarch, her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria, and also became the longest-serving female head of state in world history.Her extraordinary reign included countless overseas visits with world leaders, but the Queen always viewed public and voluntary service as one of the most important elements of her work.According to the Palace, Elizabeth had links — as President or Royal Patron — with over 600 charities, military associations, professional bodies and public service organizations.“I declare before you all that my whole life whether it be long or short shall be devoted to your service,” Elizabeth shared on her 21st birthday, back when she was still known as Princess Elizabeth.Elizabeth was married to the late Prince Philip for 73 years before he passed away in April 2021 at the age of 99.At the Duke of Edinburgh’s funeral, a card was seen atop of the late royal’s coffin. The note, written on the Queen’s stationery and placed alongside flowers, appeared to read in part, “I love you”.The Queen carried out all of her duties while raising four children: Prince Charles, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward. During her incredible life, she would also welcome eight grandchildren, and 12 great-grandchildren to the Royal Family.At the time of Philip’s passing, Prince Harry reflected on his grandparents’ incredible love story.“The two of them together were just the most adorable couple,” he shared. “I don’t know if anyone’s ever described them as adorable but, to me, knowing the cheekiness of him and knowing that behind what the world sees you have two individuals who were very much in love, and both at a very young age, dedicated both of their lives to service. The places these two travelled, the things they saw, the experiences they went through. That is an incredible bond between two people.”5．What is the best title of this article?A．The love story between Queen Elizabeth II and Prince PhilipB．The Queen’s legacy would live onC．Long live the QueenD．Queen Elizabeth II passed away at the age of 96.6．Which the follow statement is NOT TRUE?A．The Queen has become the longest reigning monarch in British history.B．The Queen was forced to miss several events in the final stage of her life due to some health issues. C．The Queen reigns longer than her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria and even longer than any other leader in the world.D．The Queen is always dedicated to public and voluntary service, even at the end of her days.7．What can be implied from the last paragraph?A．The Queen and her husband both dedicated their lives to service.B．The Queen and her husband forms a special bond and shared a lot of common experiences.C．The Queen and her husband’s love story has become an exemplar for the whole royal family.D．The only person who understands Prince Philip is the Queen.03（2022·上海市松江二中高三阶段练习）She has become the world’s longest-reigning monarch(在位时间最长的君主), following the death of Thailand’s King Bhumibol Adulyadej on Oct 13.Now a new TV series called The Crown, which started to air on Nov 4 in the US, is looking back at the time when Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK prepared to take the throne(王位)at a 25-year-old. She would face a series of challenges after she was crowned(加冕)following the unexpected death of her father, George VI, in 1952.Ever since she took the throne, the queen has seen her country change dramatically. Yet she has remained a constant presence in British lives. How can a queen, a memory from long ago in most parts of the world, still be so popular in modern Britain.One answer is that the royal(王室的)family knows how to move with the times. Once upon a time, kings, queens, princes and princesses were distant from everyone. Today, while they still have some of the old mystery, the royals are true celebrities(名人)like famous sports and pop stars. Indeed, they are upper-classcelebrities. There are hundreds of Hollywood actors, but there is only one queen of the UK.Because they are seen so much—in magazines, on TV and on the internet—the royals must now be careful. It is not enough to be famous; one must “deserve” this fame. That’s why the new, younger generations of royals are so important to the royals’ chances of surviving. Duchess of Cambridge Kate Middleton’s commitment to many good causes has also given the royal family an image it highly needs.In addition, old-fashioned British eccentricity(古怪)explains why the royals have stayed for so song. “The British monarchy is valued because it is the British monarchy,” the BBC noted. “We are an old and complicated society.”8．What can we learn about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ from the two paragraphs?A．She was 25 years old when she became queen in 1952.B．She was doomed to(注定)take the throne from birth.C．The TV series The Crown is about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s whole life.D．She is the oldest monarch in the world after Bhumibol Adulyadej.9．What should new generatic of British royals probably do in order to stay popular, according to the author? A．Try to become as famous as possible.B．Shoot some films about the royal family.C．Keep their distance from common people.D．Devote themselves to good causes.10．The author mentions the BBC’s a comment to show that _______.A．the UK is a strange nationB．the British value their old traditions a lotC．British society is too complex to understandD．the British monarchy is unique in the world11．The main purpose of the article is to ______.A．describe the details of the TV series The Crown to readersB．describe the daily routines of British royalsC．explore the secrets of the popularity of the British monarchyD．explain the differences between the old and new generations of British royals04（2022·重庆一中高三阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

(1)∠A 的对边与斜边的比值是∠A 的正弦，记作 sinA ＝ ∠A 的对边(4)∠A 的邻边与对边的比值是∠A 的余切，记作 cota ＝ ∠A 的邻边热点 17 锐角三角函数【命题趋势】锐角三函数是中考数学中必考内容之一，所占比例 8—15 分，题目数量 2-3 题。

一般小题会有一个，一般为填空或计算，考查学生对几个特殊角的三角函数值的记忆情况。

大题一般也会有一题，主要是考查锐角三角函数的实际应用，往往会结合仰角和俯角，坡度等概念进行设计问题，当然在其他解答题中也可能会用到三角函数，比如在计算一些线段长度，会与解直角三角形，或者与圆、四边形结合而形成难度中等的解答题。

【满分技巧】一、 整体把握知识结构二．重点知识1.Rt △ABC 中斜边(2)∠A 的邻边与斜边的比值是∠A 的余弦，记作 cosA ＝(3)∠A 的对边与邻边的比值是∠A 的正切，记作 tanA ＝∠A的邻边 斜边∠A 的对边∠A 的邻边∠A 的对边30°322160°3∴sin∠BAC＝＝2.特殊值的三角函数：a sina cosa tana cota13322345°122312233【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）一、选择题1.(2019湖北省宜昌市)如图，在5×4的正方形网格中，每个小正方形的边长都是1△，ABC的顶点都在这些小正方形的顶点上，则sin∠BAC的值为（）A．B．C．D．【答案】D【解析】如图，过C作CD⊥AB于D，则∠ADC＝90°，∴AC＝AD2+CD2＝5．CD4AC5故选：D．【解析】∵∠C ＝90°，cos ∠BDC ＝ ，2. (2019 湖南省湘西市)如图，在△ ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，AC ＝12，AB 的垂直平分线 EF 交 AC 于点 D ，连接 BD ，若 cos ∠BDC ＝ ，则 BC 的长是（）A ．10B ．8C ．4D ．2【答案】D57设 CD ＝5x ，BD ＝7x ，∴BC ＝2 6 x ，∵AB 的垂直平分线 EF 交 AC 于点 D ，∴AD ＝BD ＝7x ，∴AC ＝12x ，∵AC ＝12，∴x ＝1，∴BC ＝2 6 ；故选：D ．3. (2019 湖南省长沙市)如图，△ ABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝10，tanA ＝2，BE ⊥AC 于点 E ，D 是线段 BE上的一个动点，则 CD + BD 的最小值是（ ）∵tanA ＝ =2，设 AE ＝a ，BE ＝2a ，A ．2B ．4C ．5D ．10【答案】B【解析】如图，作 DH ⊥AB 于 H ，CM ⊥AB 于 M ．∵BE ⊥AC ，∴∠ABE ＝90°，BEAE则有：100＝a 2+4a 2，∴a 2＝20，∴a ＝2 5 或﹣2 5 （舍弃），∴BE ＝2a ＝4 5 ，∵AB ＝AC ，BE ⊥AC ，CM ⊥AC ，∴CM ＝BE ＝4 5 （等腰三角形两腰上的高相等））∵∠DBH ＝∠ABE ，∠BHD ＝∠BEA ，∴sin ∠DBH ＝ ＝ ＝ ，∴DH＝BD，∴CD+BD＝CD+DH，∴CD+DH≥CM，∴CD+BD≥45，∴CD+BD的最小值为45．故选：B．4.(2019山东省泰安市)如图，一艘船由A港沿北偏东65°方向航行30km至B港，然后再沿北偏西40°方向航行至C港，C港在A港北偏东20°方向，则A，C两港之间的距离为（）km．A．30+30【答案】BB．30+10C．10+30D．30【解析】根据题意得，∠CAB＝65°﹣20°，∠ACB＝40°+20°＝60°，AB＝30过B作BE⊥AC于E，∴∠AEB＝∠CEB＝90°，，在△Rt ABE中，∵∠ABE＝45°，AB＝30∴AE＝BE＝AB＝30km，在△Rt CBE中，∵∠ACB＝60°，，∴CE＝BE＝10km，∴AC＝AE+CE＝30+10，∴A，C两港之间的距离为（30+10）km，故选：B．5.(2019陕西省)如图，在△ABC中，∠B=30°，∠C=45°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D，DE⊥AB，垂足为E。

热点17 环保环保无疑是今年的火爆热点之一，它为我们的生活带来了极大的便利。

今天，选择的2021年中考英语写作预测话题是：环保。

【预测题目】（一）某英文报纸就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳（节能）生活、环境保护”这一话题进行征文，请你投稿。

保护地球环境、倡导低碳生活是我们的职责。

作为一名中学生，我们可以做一些事情去保护我们的环境。

事实上，最简单的日常行为也能对环境产生很大的影响。

请谈谈你平时的具体做法，你有何体会，并且今后打算做什么。

提示词语：duty , the low carbon life(低碳生活), protect,save energy, turn off, make a difference to, try one's best____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It is our duty to protect the environment and live the low carbon life. As a middle school student, I can do something to help. I turn off the lights and try to use both sides of paper to save energy. When I buy things, I always take my own cloth bag instead of plastic bag.I think even the simplest everyday activities can make a difference to the environment. I will not only keep saving energy but also encourage others to do it. If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, I’m sure we’ll have a better life.（二）假如你是李华，以“What Can We Do for the Environment” 为题，写一篇保护环境的英语演讲稿。

高考化学热点知识训练17 有机重要预测性知识1、茉莉醛具有浓郁的茉莉花香，其结构简式如下所示：关于茉莉醛的下列叙述错误的是（）A．在加热和催化剂作用下，能被氢气还原B．不能与氢溴酸发生加成反应C．在一定条件下能与溴发生取代反应D．能被高锰酸钾酸性溶液氧化2、某有机物的结构简式如下图。

则此有机物可发生的反应类型有（）①取代②加成③消去④酯化⑤水解⑥氧化⑦中和。

A、①②③④⑤⑥⑦B、①②③⑤⑥C、①②③④⑤⑥D、②③④⑤⑥3、维生素C的结构简式为，有关它的叙述错误的是（）A．在碱性溶液中能稳定地存在B．易起氧化及加成反应C．可以溶解于水D．是一个环状的酯类化合物4、下列三种有机物是某些药物中的有效成分。

下列说法正确的是（）A．三种有机物都能发生水解反应B．三种有机物苯环上的氢原子若被氯原子取代，其一氯代物都只有2种C．将等物质的量的三种物质加入氢氧化钠溶液中，对羟基桂皮酸消耗氢氧化钠最多D．使用FeCl3溶液和稀酸可以鉴别这三种有机物5、咖啡酸具有止血、镇咳、祛痰等疗效，其结构简式为。

下列有关咖啡酸的说法中，不正确的是（）A．咖啡酸可以发生还原、取代、加聚等反应B．咖啡酸与FeCl3溶液可以发生显色反应C．1 mol咖啡酸可与4 mol H2发生加成反应D．1 mol咖啡酸最多能消耗3 mol的NaHCO36、美国梅奥诊所的研究人员发现，绿茶中含有EGCG(表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)物质具有抗癌作用，能使血癌(白血病)中癌细胞自杀性死亡，已知EGCG的结构式为：有关EGCG的说法错误的是（）A．EGCG能与碳酸钠溶液反应不能放出二氧化碳B．EGCG遇FeCl3溶液能发生显色反应C．1molEGCG最多可与含10mol氢氧化钠的溶液完全作用D．EGCG在空气中易氧化7、吗丁啉是一种常见的胃药，其有效成分的结构简式可用下图表示。

关于该物质的下列说法不正确的是（）A、该物质的分子式为C22H25ClN5O2B、该物质具有碱性，能与酸反应C、该物质能发生水解反应 D 、该物质能发生取代反应和加成反应8、大豆异黄酮(结构如图)是一种近年来引起营养与医学界广泛关注的物质，它对于人体健康有着重要的作用。

2011年中考作文热点主题（17）：命运篇亲爱的同学们，命运就把握在你自己的手中，只要你努力，一定能在人生的路上留下光辉的一页。

写作储备名言★面对命运，忍似乎是惟一法门。

但是有不同的忍。

有英雄之忍，也有奴隶之忍。

——周国平★塞涅卡说：愿意的人，命运领着走；不愿意的人，命运拖着走。

它忽略了第三种情况：和命运结伴同行。

——周国平★命运给予我们的不是失败之酒，而是机会之杯。

——尼克松★人的命运就操在人的手里。

——萨特★命运，不过是失败者无聊的自慰，不过是懦怯者的解嘲。

——茅盾★我们自身就是我们命运的原因。

——徐志摩★命运变化如月亮的阴晴圆缺，无损智者大雅。

——富兰克林★我要扼住命运的咽喉，绝不能让命运使我屈服。

——贝多芬★命运是一个乔装打扮的人物，没有比这张脸更会欺骗人了。

——雨果★自己的命运应由自己创造。

——契诃夫★自知者不怨人，知命者不怨天。

——荀子★命运本身是一个善良的女神，不过她不愿小人永远得志。

——莎士比亚★命运对我们并无所谓利害，它只供给我们利害的原料和种子，任那比它强的灵魂随意变转和应用，因为灵魂才是自己幸与不幸的惟一主宰。

——蒙田写作储备材料贝多芬“扼住命运的咽喉”（向不幸的命运挑战）贝多芬是众所周知的世界著名作曲家。

1796年，贝多芬才26岁，就创作了最初的三首奏鸣曲。

可是痛苦向他叩门了，由于治疗不善，他的耳咽管炎转为慢性中耳炎，听觉越来越衰退。

1820年，他的两耳完全失聪，这对听觉要求比别人更完善的作曲家来说，是个多么大的打击啊！贝多芬没有屈服。

他说：“我要扼住命运的咽喉。

”为了克服失聪的困难，他就坐在乐队近旁，看乐器演奏和演员歌唱。

到了晚年，这个办法也不顶用了。

他就用一枝小木杆，一端插在钢琴箱里，一端咬在牙齿中间，在作曲时用来“听”音。

他一生给人类留下9部交响曲、32首钢琴奏鸣曲、5部钢琴协奏曲、1部小提琴协奏曲、16部弦乐四重奏，等等，为人类创造了巨大的精神财富。

命运多舛的塞万提斯（勇于向不幸的命运作斗争）16世纪文艺复兴时期西班牙伟大的现实主义作家塞万提斯，以其不朽之作《堂•吉诃德》流传于世。