2012年学位英语考试题

成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年5月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The most famous collections of fairy tales (童话) are the ones by Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm. The Grimms published their first fairy-tale collection in 1812. They didn’t think they were writing for children. They thought they were preserving disappearing German folk culture. Their first edition (版本) was a scholarly book that carefully recorded the oral tales. They were surprised when some of their early readers suggested that the stories might be interesting to children.But the Grimms needed money. They had made a bad deal with their publisher and received little payment for their first book. At one point Wilhelm complained there wasn’t a chair in his house one could sit on without worrying it would break. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children. He selected a few of the tales, made them much longer, and polished up the language. He didn’t add morals, but he did slip in character judgments and moralizing comments wherever he could.The Grimms’ fairy tales also have one characteristic that would seem to make them unsuitable for children. Many of them inc lude violent incidents. In “Hansel and Gretel” an old woman is burned to death in an oven, and in “Little Red Riding Hood” a child is eaten by a wolf. When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained the violence. In fact, he sometimes even ramped it up. For example, in the first edition of the tales, Cinderella forgives her sisters at the end. It’s only in the second edition, the one intended for children, that her birds peck (啄) out their eyes.Why, then, have the Grimms’ fairy tales become classics of children’s literature, so much so that it is hard to imagine a child who doesn’t know Cinderella’s story or Snow White’s?One answer is that only a few of the tales survived into modem times. The first edition of the Grimms’ fairy tale s had 210 tales. By 1825 it was down to 50. And today only a dozen or so of the tales are often reprinted in children’s collections.(76) But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.1. Why did Wilhelm Grimm set out to adapt his book for children?A. To deal with readers’ complaints.B. To improve his financial situation.C. At the request of his publisher.D. To preserve the ancient stories in print.2. When revising the fairy tales, Wilhelm did all of the following EXCEPT .A. adding character judgmentsB. making the tales much longerC. deleting the violent scenesD. polishing up the language3. What does the expression “ramped it up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Started.B. Allowed.C. Classified.D. Increased.4. Which of the following statements about the Grimms’ fairy tales is TRUEaccording to the passage?A. They were or iginally intended to be children’s stories.B. Generally speaking, the tales that have endured can help children deal with thechallenges life brings to them.C. A large number of the tales made it to the modem age.D. They are less violent th an the children’s stories being written today.5. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. History of fairy tales.B. Ways to preserve the oral tradition.C. The Grimms’ fairy tales.D. Violence in fairy tales.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:. As the school year kicks off, parents are once again straggling to cajole (哄编)and, if need be, drag their exhausted teens out of bed. That image may make you laugh, but lack of sleep is no joke. (77) Teenagers w ho don’t get enough rest have more learning. health~ behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night. Long-term lack of sleep is tied to heart disease, overweight, depression and a shortened life span in adults, indicating the importance of establishing good sleep habits early in life. Lack of sleep can be especially deadly for teens; car accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers, and safety experts believe sleepy driving is a major factor.Unfortunately, few teenagers get the sleep they need. In a survey of middle- and high-school students, University of Colorado researchers found that 82 percent said they woke up tired and unrefreshed, and more than half had trouble concentrating during the day at least once a week.Blame multitasking for some of this. Many students are juggling after-school activities, homework and part-time jobs. Even when they manage to fulfill these obligations by a reasonable hour, television, the Internet, video games, phone calls and text messages to friends often keep them awake deep into the night. Taking soda and energy drinks late in the day and going to late-night parties on weekends add to sleep debt. Biology also works against teenagers’ sleep, The body’s internal clock, which controls when a person starts to feel tired, shifts after puberty (青春期), making it hard for most teens to fall asleep before 11 pm. Class usually begins before 8:15 am, with many high schools starting as early as 7:15 am. To get to school on time, most teens have to get up by 6:30 am, guaranteeing they’ll be sleep-deprived during the week. Teens often sleep much later on weekends to catch up, making it even harder to fallasleep on Sunday night and wake up Monday morning. Playing catch-up on weekends also doesn’t help teens stay refreshed when they need it most: during the week at school.Since the 1990s, middle and high schools in more than two dozen states have experimented with later school start times. (78) The results have been encouraging.’ more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents. But most schools still start early, meaning teens have their work cut out for them if they want to get enough sleep.6. According to the passage, poor sleep can be linked to all of the following EXCEPTA. heart diseaseB. car accidentsC. skin problemsD. poor concentration7. The main idea of Paragraph 3 isA. how sleep deprivation (缺乏) can be treatedB’ what causes sleep deprivationC. who is most at risk for sleep deprivationD. why sleep deprivation is a serious concern8. What does the word “juggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Dealing with at the same time.B. Striking a balance between.C. Applying for.D. Having difficulty in.9. Which of the following is NOT to blame for teenagers’ lack of sleep?A. Multitasking.B. Biological clock. :C. Weekend catch-up sleep.D. Healthy diet.10. According to the passage, what have some schools done to help their students get enough sleep?A. Educating their students about the importance of sleep.B. Monitoring their students’ late-night activities.C. Delaying school start times.D. Setting strict rules.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16- to 24-year-o!ds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.(79) More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work.A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early- 1980s recession (~/l/), when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after theeconomy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops, and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. (80) Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, the y stood to lose up to two weeks’ benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized (两极分化的) opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy “Right to Work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in “forced labor”, several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers (for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.11. According to the passage, young people in Britain .A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help yo ung people to find work.B. Some people protest against the government’s attempt to force young people towork.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.13. According to the author, the British government is trying to .A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spending14. The word “shine” in Paragraph 3 means““.A. do wellB. reflect lightC. look happyD. produce light15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Enjoy Work Without PayB. Can Work, Won’t WorkC. Should Work, Shouldn’t PlayD. Hate Work or Love WorkPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Please give Jim the schedule for tomorrow’s conference when he back. He is to chair the conference.A. will comeB. comeC. comesD. came17. five minutes earlier, you would not have missed the last train for Shanghai, but you were late.A. Had you comeB. Do you comeC. Did you comeD. Should you come18. After he worked out the solution, appeared a smile on his face.A. itB. hereC. whatD. there19. the former president’s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction.A. A small amount ofB. A large number ofC. A little bit ofD. A great deal of20. To b e honest, today’s dinner was just so-so. It wasn’t such a good one promised by the boss.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what21. So many people ______ the meeting had to be put off.A. being absentB. to be absentC. were absentD. had been absent22. We often advise him not to drink more is good for his health.A. asB. thatC. thanD. but23. —Did Charles vote in the last election?—No, he wasn’t.A. enough old thenB. then enough oldC. old then enoughD. old enough then24. By no means look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are.A. we shouldB. should weC. we should notD. should we not25. He didn’t feel like that day so he stayed indoors reading.A. workingB. worksC. to workD. worked26. No sooner had we started on the road it began to rain.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. whenever27. He decided to go for a sailing holiday the fact that he was usually Seasick (晕船).A. because ofB. in spite ofC. in case ofD. as a result of28. What you do in your spare time is your own . However it should not be harmful to others.A. businessB. purchaseC. bargainD. sale29. As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and the grass in the garden every morning.A. trimB. improveC. refineD. repair30. The firemen are still the small fires started by the plane crash.A. taking offB. setting asideC. getting along withD. putting out31. He didn’t live up to had been expected of him.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. all32. The old couple decided to a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A. adaptB. bringC. receiveD. adopt33. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively34. The car halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out35. The police that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.A. swelledB. submittedC. surveyedD. suspected36. The manager lost his just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A. moodB. temperC. mindD. passion37. We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came view.A. fromB. inC. beforeD. into38. I have kept that portrait I can see it every day, as it always reminds me ofmy university days in London.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when39. The room is in a terrible mess; it cleaned.A. can’t have beenB. mus tn’t have beenC. shouldn’t have beenD. wouldn’t have been40. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A. the instantB. for an instantC. on the instantD. in an instant41. it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A. BelieveB. To believeC. BelievingD. Believed42. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ch emist’s.A. otherB. someC. certainD. any43. Your hair wants . You’d better have it done tomorrow.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut44. I don’t think it advisable that Tom to the job since he has no experience.A. be assignedB. will be assignedC. is assignedD. has been assigned45. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after whichB. with whichC. for whichD. at whichPart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.46. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.A B C D47. Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced byA B Cseveral American Indian artists.D48. Humans, like many other animals, are warm-blooded with a fairly constantlyA B C Dbody temperature.49. Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can all relaxA B C Dfor a while.50. The tallest of the twins went to search for the missing jewels, the picture ofA Bwhich you saw in today’s newspaper.C D51. They are going to have the serviceman to be installed an electric fan in theA B C Doffice tomorrow.52. Only under special circumstances freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests.A B C D53. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time we are going home?A B C D54. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the three-hours’ movieA B Ccould not hold our attention.D55. People appreciate to have worked with him because he has a good sense ofA B Chumor.DPartly Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals 56 this level was not in the animals’ best 57. I remember one midterm exam in 58 each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and 59 to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the 60 frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was 61 away for such a slight 62.A year later, in the same lab 63 I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal 64. We were 65 on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were 66 in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) 67 they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper 68 and counted. When the data collection was 69 , the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to 70 them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting 71.Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye 72 them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they 73 flight. That was my first 74 in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a(n) 75 way.56. A. at B, withC. forD. off57. A. duties B. interestsC. ratesD. hobbies58. A. what B. thatC, where D. which59. A. dismissed B. drawnC. instructedD. mended60. A. alive B, dead ~C. livingD. wounded61. A. made B. broughtC. takenD. passed62. A. reason B. spiritC. spaceD. system63. A. that B. whichC. whatD. where64. A. operation B. liberationC. tendencyD. wealth65. A. experimenting B. strengtheningC. stimulatingD. substituting66. A. solved B. soakedC. recoveredD. kept67. A. while B. becauseC. in caseD. so that68. A. being examined B. to be examinedC. being operated D- to be operated69. A. preliminary B. progressiveC. completeD. curious70. A. put B. raiseC. rouse D, spoil71.A. shade B. shadowC. placeD. stuff72. A. for B. withC. atD. on73. A. stood B. tookC. sentD. rode74, A. step B. reviewC. glanceD. gesture75. A. kind B. generousC. cruelD. effectivePart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives.77. Teenagers who don’t get enough rest have more learning, health, behavior and mood problems than students who get at least nine hours a night.78. The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.79. More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s.80. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.Section BDirections: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.81．昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。

2012年12月研究生英语学位课统考真题（A 卷）GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS考试注意事项一、本考试有两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper one）包括听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Paper two）包括翻译和写作两部分，共三题。

此外，试卷分A、B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读卡答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道，如 [A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEEII上。

答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一盒试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。

每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考老师收点试卷及答题纸。

全部考试结束后，须待监考老师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25miniutes, 20 points)Section A (1point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. His arms. B. His legs. C. His head. D. His should2. A. Bennie is travelling to San Francisco by air.B. Bennie is very happy about the promotion.C. Bennie has quit a well-paid job.D. Bennie enjoys working in the office.3. A. At 1:45. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:30. D. At 2:45.4. A. Jeffrey is not a good helping hand.B. Jeffrey is too young to start a new career.C. They agree with each other on many things.D. They really dislike each other.C.5. A. A SUV. B. A sport car. C. A minivan. D. A cargo truck.6. A. Because the lab was really a mess.B. Because the boss was too strict.C. Because the driver was absent-minded.D. Because someone in the group was manipulative.7. A. Jessica didn’t want the job anyway.B. Jessica herself is to blame.C. Jessica should stop her dog from barking.D. Jessica had something in the tree.8. A. At a restaurant. B. At the airport.C. At a service station.D. At a café.9. A. She has been busy with Biochemistry.B. She hasn’t got a partner yet.C. She prefers Microbiology to Biochemistry.D. She has to drop the lab class.Section B (I point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be readto you ONLY ONCE. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk one10 A. Organizing campus activities.B. Taking visitors to various colleges.C. Offering information on American colleges.D. Advising on which university to attend.11. A. Admission requirements. B. Sports programs.C. International database. C. Virtual campus tours.12. A. Because they found many related websites lacking visual materials.B. Because they wanted to compete with the tradition of a personal visit.C. Because they intended to choose their ideal colleges.D. Because they couldn’t contact a school directly.Mini-talk two13. A. More than 57 million dollars. B. More than 75 million dollars.C. About 550 million dollars.D. More than 15 billion dollars.14. A. Lights and windows.B. Restrooms and elevator equipment.C. Office conditions and environment.D. Lease rates and payment.15. A. An investment association will be set up.B. The building will be illuminated by green lights.C. The occupants will get into trouble.D. The cost of office space will double.Section C (1point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording TWICE. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.（请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）16. Post-holiday syndrome is a commonly used term which depicts the_____________ (2 words) occurring after the winter holidays and festivalseason.17. Expecting to ___________________ (4 words) is a way of telling yourselfthat this is a normal feeling.18. Lift your spirits by continuing to _______________ (3 words) friends andfamily, and getting out and about to do activities.19. Choose activities that meet your __________________ (3 words), and thatyou know will give you a thrill.20. Once you’re ___________________ (2 words) planning and doing, you’llbe too busy to worry.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet21. These findings run counter to the belief that alcohol stands in the way ofanalytical thinking.A. spursB. hindersC. triggersD. accompanies22. As in the rest of the continent, South Africa still has to contend withoverwhelming poverty.A. suffer fromB. bring aboutC. invest inD. fight against23. The operation was a success and he had excellent prospects for a fullrecovery.A. thoughtsB. outputsC. oddsD. ambitions24. Destiny is defined by individuals keen to imagine a future that is differentfrom the reality.A. eagerB. unwillingC. sharpD. quick25. My mother keeps reminding me to stick to my principles and remain honest inwhatever I do.A. adhere toB. set aboutC. insist onD. come upon26. There is nothing worse than a boss who gives implicit instructions and thengets disappointed by the work you give in.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. considerableD. coherent27. About three years into this job, these migrant labors came to accept theharsh facts in time.A. punctuallyB. immediatelyC. originallyD. eventually28. An aircraft is equipped with a sophisticated electronic system for the sake ofsafety.A. highly-developedB. newly-developedC. well-meantD. long-lived29. This trip offers an opportunity to enjoy the profound silence of the deep,unaltered desert.A. dramaticB. importantC. completeD. distant30. All Fire Police Officers are sworn officers of the law and should display a(n) badge of authority when on duty.A. multitudeB. tokenC. airD. degree Section B (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A,B,C, and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acrossthe square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet31. Eight badminton players were charges with trying to ________ the outcomeof preliminary matches.A. dominateB. manipulateC. eliminateD. simulate32. In the beginning, few people were ________ Barack Obama to make asignificant impact in the race.A. counting onB. turning outC. proceeding toD. conforming to33. Self-esteem is the ability to be ________ of one’s own abilities, talent,worth and value.A. ensuredB. insuredC. assuredD. treasured34. Children of parents who do not go to university are probably more reluctantto ________ secondary education than those who did.A. put inB. fill inC. check inD. enroll in35. Learning something new is after all, what scientific experiments are all____.A. aboutB. againstC. towardsD. around36. A large –scale wildfire broke out that forced the ________ of 2,000 peoplejust west of Madrid.A. speculationB. successionC. evaluationD. interrogation37. Intellectually brilliant students from this high school are most ________ tobe admitted to elite universities.A. probableB. likelyC. possibleD. liable38. Her right hand occasionally ________ from singing her name so manytimes.A. yelledB. propelledC. compelledD. swelled39. Artists should cultivate their own ________ style rather than alwaysimitating others.A. singleB. individualC. privateD. separate40. The key to efficient reading is the ability to judge the writer’s position________ the information he is presenting.A. in spite ofB. in relation toC. in place ofD. in support of Part III Close Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) Directions: In this section, there are teen questions. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked by A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you’ve chosen with a single bar across the square brackets onyour machine-scoring Answer SheetE-commerce has revolutionized the way business is done in today’s market. However, customers are at ___41__ of purchasing false products or poor quality items. Many ___42___ the distance between customers and send the wrong goods and lure clients to buy goods recommended as great ___43___, but when customers receive these items, they find themselves falling into traps.Many dangers, __44__ by the obscurity of e-commerce, involve the products and the electronic transaction. From the buyer’s __45__, dangers include purchasing products not measuring __46__ what was previously advertised in the website. Another risk is identity theft. Since electronic transactions are needed to complete the purchase, hackers may acquire __47__ information about the user to make other purchase.There are still honest businesses that sell their products and services but gain a very small profit by __48__ the prices of their products because they have a lot of competition in the Internet. That is __49__ one of the hazards of e-commerce that should be considered is the bankruptcy of businesses since profits is low if they need __50__ their goods as cheaply as possible.41. A. time B. random C. sight D. risk42. A. take advantage of B. cast doubt onC. give rise toD. go ahead with43. A. deceptions B. bargains C. opportunities D. advertisements44. A. managed B. created C. prevented D. led45. A. prospect B. aspect C. respect D. perspective46. A. as to B. prior to C. up to D. next to47. A. confidential B. superficial C. potential D. initial48. A. raising B. disqualifying C. exaggerating D. minimizing49. A. how B. because C. why D. where50. A. selling B. to sell C. sell D. soldPART IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Directions:In this section, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked by A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetPassage OneOne of the areas in which people tend to have ideas that don’t make sense is that of rights. For example, many Americans believe that our rights, described in the declaration of Independence and the constitution, drive from the god or from the very nature of being human, including the individual right to bear arms. Yet people in most law-governed democracies other than the United States do not have an individual right to bear arms. How, then, can the right to bear arms derive from god? Is this a special right that can be created by the people via government?It is claimed that we can trace the right to be armed to legal and political events in 17th century English history, this time relating to hunting and gaming laws. How does a fundamental natural right lie sleeping throughout the first 6,000 years of recorded history, only to wake to full flower due to conflicts over gaming laws in Restoration England? In the mid-1980s, the idea that people have a right to have consensual sex with partners of any gender was pronounced “joking inappropriately”by the Supreme Court; 25 yeas later it feels like an obvious, natural outgrowth of the Bill of Rights. If rights evolve this way through the dialectics of culture and history, just how “natural”can they be?Such are the idle thoughts that occur in the wake of America’s latest episode of horrifying, meaningless mass slaughter. A large segment of the American public these days apparently finds it offensive to talk about gun control after these sorts of cruelty occur. As economist Mr. Wolfers said: “Let’s not talk about gun control. It’s too early, right? It’s always too early. Except when it’s too late.”Mr. Wolfer is right: the “too early” construction is ridiculous. The onlything that is certain now is that gun control is uncertain in American. It’s never going to happen. There are too many guns out there, and an individual right to bear arms is now established in constitutional law. So this is just what one of America’s many faces is going to be: a bitterly divided, hatefully cynical country where insane people have easy access to semiautomatic weapons and occasionally use them to commit crime. We will continue to see more and more of this sort of thing, and there’s nothing we can realistically do about it.51. The author begins by arguing that Americans’ right to bear arms?A. is stipulated in the constitutionB. has been created by individualsC. has nothing to do with GodD. is not to be doubted52. The Supreme Court is mentioned in paragraph 2 to _________.A. confirm the validity of gun ownership by individualsB. argue that the right to bear arms is by no means naturalC. prove that gun ownership has been approved by the CourtD. describe the process of legislation on gun ownership53. The expression “in the wake of”used in the third paragraph probablymeans “________.”A. but forB. totally withoutC. soon afterD. just before54. It seems to Mr. Wolfers that gun control is ________.A. really too early to startB. actually offensiveC. not necessary nowD. already too late55. It seems to the author that gun control in America is ________.A. impossibleB. unconstitutionalC. time-consumingD. stupid56. Which of the following might be an appropriate title for this passage?A. Gun Control Is EasyB. Gun Ownership Is LegalC. Gun Control, Too LateD. No Need to Control GunsPassage twoThe English-speaking world does not look kindly on straw. Grasping at straws, straw-man arguments, the last straws and the straws that break so many camels’ backs all demonstrate that. There is also a tale that straw is the worstmaterial from which to build a house, particularly if you are a pig with a hungry wolf around. So the cards were stacked against Warren Brush when local officials learned that he had several buildings made of straw bales on his hand.They have tried to fine him. A lot. But the case is still unresolved. The problem is that California’s building codes make no provision for the use of straw. And Mr. Brush has many defenders －among them several university scientists and David Eisenberg, the chairman of the United States Green Building Council’s code committee. They would like to see the prejudice against straw houses eliminated, for straw is, in many ways, an ideal building material.It is, for one thing, a great insulator. That keeps down the heating bills in houses made from it. It is also a waste product that would otherwise be burned, and is therefore cheap. And －very much to the point in a place like California －it is earthquake-resistant. Last year a test conducted at the University of Nevada showed that straw-bale constructions could withstand twice the amount of ground motion recorded in the Northridge earthquake that hit Los Angeles in 1994.California, of course, is already thoroughly earthquake-proofed. But straw buildings might o well in quake-prone places that are less wealthy. After a strong earthquake struck Pakistan in 2005, Darcy Donovan, a structural engineer, from Truckee, California, set up a not-for-profit straw-bale-construction operation that has since built 17 houses there.There are, as it were, other straws in the wind: a post office in suburban Albuquerque, a Quaker school in Maryland, an office complex in suburban Los Angeles and an urban-renewal project in Binghamton, New York, have all been built from straw. Even California is having a rethink, and may change its rules to accommodate straw-bale constructions. As Mr. Eisenberg observes, “the lesson of the Three Little Pigs isn’t to avoid straw. It’s that you don’t let a pig build your house.”57. By “the cards were stacked against Warren Brush”, the author means thatBrush ________.A. received punishmentB. made a breakthroughC. might be highly praisedD. would be in trouble58. David Eisenberg is mentioned ________.A. for the purpose of supporting Warren BrushB. as a representative of official opinionsC. to provide evidence against straw housesD. to show the importance of the building codes59. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. the structure of straw housesB. the possibility of building straw housesC. the advantages of straw housesD. the tips of building straw houses60 Which aspect of straw is emphasized in paragraph 4?A. It is abundant in nature.B. It is rather inexpensive.C. It is a great insulator.D. It is easy to transport.61. It can be learned from the last paragraph that California ________.A. will fine Warren Brush as plannedB. will reduce the fine on Warren BrushC. may lift the fine on Warren BrushD. may consider a bigger fine on Warren Brush62. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ________.A. trace the evolution of straw housesB. explain how to build a house with strawC. highlight the prejudice against straw housesD. argue that straw can be used to build housesPassage ThreeI was talking with a senior Public Relations manager the other day about The Game Trainers and he expressed much skepticism about both the possibility and value of getting senior professionals to play games.“These are serious people with serious jobs, and they are not going to waste time running around like school children,”he told me. This statement highlighted many of his assumptions. It also provided me with a golden opportunity to talk about how these “serious people with serious jobs”could actually learn something about themselves, their company, and their business opportunities by allowing creativity to flow more freely through “games”.His position is not uncommon and it comes from a deep seated misunderstanding of what a “game” is and what it is for, as well as a set notionof what “work”must look like for it to be considered of value. It’s not a coincidence that the most successful companies of the last decade, including Apple and Google, were all started by college students, and perhaps as a consequence have a spirit of fun, creativity and innovation. Their success has not been achieved through a cubicle work environment, strict hierarchy, dull meetings and a 9 to 5 work structure. Instead, they have flowing and flexible work spaces, a culture of collaboration, and opportunities for creativity.So where does the line between “work” and “game” occur? Well maybe there isn’t one, or at least maybe there shouldn’t be one. So is all this just a matter of perception? Well, yes or no. the starting point in allowing creativity to flow freely is to accept that the line between business and play is blurred, or at best non-existent. Only then is it possible to create the opportunity and appropriate environment for individuals and groups to play the game (or work) as well as they possibly can.The Game Trainers support this innovative and highly productive approach to work by creating games and group exercises to develop awareness and insight of issues, as well developing games to integrate into the working environment. And so, I said to the PR man, it’s a good thing that they are “serious people with serious jobs”, because we also are extremely serious about play, and in today’s environment they simply cannot afford not to play games.63. What does the PR manager think of the author’s proposal of playinggames?A. It is probably nonsense.B. It is against the rule.C. It would be beneficial.D. It is worth a try.64. The author suggests that the PR manager’s position on games _________.A. is hard to understand in today’s worldB. represents a common misunderstandingC. is based on scientifically proven conceptsD. allows for greater work efficiency65. The examples of Apple and Google show that ________.A. games should be separated from workB. it helps to combine work with gamesC. work and games can be clearly definedD. no work can be done well without games66. What is the topic of paragraph 4?A. How to draw a line between work and game?B. What is the line between work and game/C. Should there be a line between work and game?D. Why is there a line between work and game?67. “The Game Trainers” is probably a ________.A. computer gameB. search engineC. research systemD. game developer68. In the passage the author ________.A. encourage people to work more creativelyB. describes how to balance work with lifeC. promotes an innovative approach to workD. analyzes why it is important to enjoy workPassage Four“A robot can’t replace me,” Andy Richter complained loudly but in good fun, facing the prospect of losing his job to the Jeopardy!-wining IBM’s Watson computer. “A robot can’t do the things a human can do, I mean, can he love, can he feel?”Well, no. but some folks are asking similar questions about computers such as Watson taking their jobs someday. “After all, if a machine can beat humans at Jeopardy, will computers soon be competing with people for knowledge-based jobs?” asks Martin Ford, author of The Lights in the Tunnel in a Fortune magazine article. “If IBM’s hopes for the technology are realized, workers may, in fact, have cause for concern.”Ford and others argue that computers and robots such as Watson have the potential to replace not only assembly-line jobs, such as the manufacturing positions that dropped nationwide by one-third over the last decade, but the “knowledge worker”jobs of the modern economy, such as radiologists and lawyers. “Many of these people will be highly educated professionals who had previously assumed that they were, because of their skills and advanced educations, beneficiaries of the trend toward an increasingly technological and globalized world,” Ford argues in his book.But Cornell University sociologist Trevor Pinch says that warnings about artificial intelligence taking over have missed essential shortcomings ofcomputers for decades. “I would call them friendly monsters,” he says, rather than job-killing ones. “Computers can never experience the things that make us uniquely human, they have never been delayed at O’Hare airport long enough to walk around the memorial to Gen. O’Hare, and have that memory stuck in your brain.”Underneath the exaggerated publicity, the human brain far outperforms computers, and not just in raw calculating power, says information scholar Martin Hilbert of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. All of the computers in the world taken together possess the computational power of, in all, 62 human brains, he says, based on findings his team reported this month in Science. There are about six billion people alive today.And they, if things turn out as bad as Ford suggests, there is always the solution that Andy Richter settled on －beating anything that resembles the job-threatening Watson with a baseball bat. Let’s hope it doesn’t come down to that.69. We can learn that Jeopardy! is ________.A. a newly developed computer programB. a match between computers and humansC. a robot built with the least technologyD. a competition between fastest computers70. Paragraph 3 mainly discusses ________.A. the threat posed by tech developmentB. the potential benefits of digitalizationC. the gap between blue-collar and white-collar jobsD. the way to survive knowledge-based economy71. In paragraph 4, Trevor Pinch is talking about ________.A. man’s advantages over computersB. advantages of computers over manC. the reliability of computersD. the future development of computers72. The sentence “There are about six billion people alive today” implies that________.A. nobody should underestimate the power of computersB. we have enough manpower to fix existing problemsC. computers can help human beings in all possible waysD. there is no need to worry too much about computers73. Who is most concerned about computers’ taking over people?A. Martin HilbertB. Trevor PinchC. Martin FordD. Andy Richter74. What does the author think of the prospect of jobs being lost tocomputers?A. It should be taken into serious consideration.B. We can always find solutions to the problem.C. It is too early to say anything for certain.D. We should always be ready for possible changes.Passage FiveThey are regarded as chores by both sexes, but fall disproportionately on only one. The latest survey of time use in America suggests women still shoulder most of the housework, spending on average an hour a day, compared with barely 20 minutes for the unfairer sex.Standard explanations for this division of labor rest on the pay gap between the sexes. A recent report shows women still earn about 20% less than men in America. But in a new paper, Leslie Stratton of Virginia Commonwealth University asks whether different attitudes to housework also play a role in sharing the dusting.Ms Stratton draws on data from the 2000-01 Time Use Survey in Britain, which shows how people spent their day and which task they enjoyed. Attitudes certainly differed: women disliked laundry less than men; ironing was extremely dreaded by both; strangely large numbers of both sexes liked shopping for food.Ms Stratton found some evidence for the pay-gap hypothesis. Women with higher wages did a little less work at home. A woman who earned 10% more than average escaped doing tow minutes’housework per weekday. Her partner heroically made up this time at the weekend. But his wages made no difference to the extent of his efforts around the house.The major determinant of how much housework a man did was how much he disliked it. Men who liked housework spent around 60% more time per weekday on it than those who were indifferent to it. Women’s preference seemed to have no effect on the time the spent on chores.One way to reduce the burden for both is to get help, although again the rewards are unevenly spread. He got away with 43% less housework at weekends, and she did 17% less. Almost all the extra housework generated by children was taken on by the woman. As children get older the weekday burden falls, but weekend time rises －and still comes mainly from her.There is truth in the idea that chores got to the low-paid partner. But cause and effect are unclear. Do women do more because of low pay, or might their careers suffer from a disproportionate burden at home? Evidence that only men’s preferences seem to matter suggests the latter explanation should not be swept under the carpet.75. In a new paper, Leslie Stratton aims to ________.A. introduce some new ways for women to do less houseworkB. explain women’s housework burden from a new angleC. challenge the survey that women still do most of the houseworkD. confirm the standard explanation for women’s housework burden76. Which of the following tasks is disliked most by women?A. Laundry.B. Ironing.C. Shopping for food.D. Caring for babies.77. Ms Stratton finds that the standard explanation for the division of labor_______.A. makes some senseB. lacks real evidenceC. is truly well-groundedD. misses the point78. According to paragraph 5, the division of labor is greatly affected by ___.A. the pay gap between the sexesB. the relationship between the sexesC. women’s attitudes to houseworkD. men’s preferences for housework79. What is the main idea of paragraph 6?A. Men tend to benefit more from hired help.B. Women consider hired help especially useful.C. Getting help works equally well for both sexes.。

2012.11北京成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及答案PartⅠ Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet。

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage : It seems like every day there's some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us ,(76)One day ,science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer The next day ,maybe not It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee .Now there's been a lot of research into whether coffee's good for our health "the results have really been mixed", admits Neal freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently."There's been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there's also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well"。

2012年5月12日北京地区成人本科学士学位英语考试真题答案与解析第一部分阅读理解第一篇阅读一、文章大意与结构分析这篇文章主要讲述格林童话的由来、它的暴力性使得有些故事少儿不宜、以及即便它有这种负面效应但仍然成为经典的原因。

二、试题解析1.【答案】B。

细节题。

根据第二段But the Grimms needed money. So he took the hint and set to work to make a book that would be suitable for children.。

可知Grimm家是因为缺钱而去为儿童写书，因此选择B。

2. 【答案】C。

细节题。

根据第三段When he revised the tales for children, Wilhelm Grimm retained(保留) the violence，可知选项C错。

3. 【答案】D。

词汇解释题。

根据第三段From example后面几句话的描述，在第一个版里，Cinderella最终原谅了她的姐妹们。

但是在专门写给孩子们看的第二版里，Cinderella的鸟把她姐妹们的眼睛啄下来了。

可知是增加了暴力性。

4. 【答案】B。

细节题。

根据文章最后一句，延续下来的童话是一些奇幻的冒险，这些冒险的经历能帮助孩子们应付日常生活中的恐惧和挣扎。

5. 【答案】C。

主旨题。

全文都是围绕格林童话展开的。

A、D概念太宽泛，B只有在第一段里才提到。

三、长难句分析1. But the deeper answer is that the tales that have lasted are magical adventures that help children deal with the struggles and fears of their everyday lives. 但是深层次的原因是延续下来的童话是一些奇幻的探险故事，当儿童们在日常生活中害怕和挣扎的时候，这些故事能给他们带来勇气。

2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one‟s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride‟s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride‟s family and friends.C. It‟s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It‟s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silver sixpence in a shoe Mini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students‟ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to create a password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can also be easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn‟t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook‟s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casual22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D host23. The number of people with Alzheimer‟s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large B at length C at random D at home25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made upD drew on27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentional29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundantB valuableC expensiveD priceless.Section B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causing32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxes33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protests35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heart disease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuously36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits into37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun‟s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformed39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearse40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)“A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That‟s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations. The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate morethan 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, the climatic effects of “clean energy”sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history D character42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D. alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to D submitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil D diamond49.A according to B based on C such as D compared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable D negligiblePart IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can‟t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances‟ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. While seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there‟s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions. Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is far more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That‟s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed studentsimproved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinking, improved memory, increased alertness and awareness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are free, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term. However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.From paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective and beneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.The main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn‟t get the attention of Millennium parents, I‟m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he‟s destined to be the next Albert Einstein,Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It‟s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck‟s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.”Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.”Feedback such as, …You did well because you worked so hard‟ or …You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting‟can encourage children to try new things, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the …time and effort‟ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child‟s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.”Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) had less chance of trying new things and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child‟s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balance this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don‟t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraph probably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spent hours practicingyour words.B.Oh, honey, you‟re so smart----that failing grade won‟t matter anyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to ____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author‟s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child‟s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together.The greater choice is unarguable. But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods”actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers‟ first observation is how any of the much-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firms preserve their intellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel‟s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people‟s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people pay less attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel‟s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. Youmay be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid‟s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one‟s appearance67. Finkel‟s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers‟ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist‟s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver‟s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker‟s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain‟s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger.Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they‟ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz‟s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don‟t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else‟s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else‟s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with …the latest‟? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don‟t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict and reach agreement without critically evaluating options or alternative ideas. The problem with groupthink is that it hinders finding the best solutions, impedes creative ideas and frustrates independent thinking. Wanting to be part of the crowd can certainly have its drawback!75. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _____A. it is necessary to take one‟s own interest into considerationB a clever person is always obedient and unselfish.C. independent thinking doesn‟t come easily to us.D the Internet has made humans more thoughtful.76. Trying to conform to established ideas ___A. is something you can easily avoid doingB is sometimes what we can‟t help doing.C can seldom do any good to you.D rarely happens in modern society.77. The ability to think for yourself means that ______A. your ideas have to be novel and unique.B your should never use critical thinking.C you should try to be defiant and well-known.D your opinions are based on facts and contemplation78. Paragraph 6 is mainly concerned with ____A. what we must do to learn to think for ourselves.B. the prevalent outside influence on our lives.C. the numerous mistakes we make in daily life.D. the negative impact of TV commercials on us.79. From the last paragraph, it can be concluded that groupthink ____A. can lead to the loss of individual creativity.B contributes little to group harmony and cohesion.C cares about alternative or different ideas .D encourages independent thinking eventually.80. The purpose in writing this passage is to ____A define what is independent thinking .B tell us how to develop original ideas.C describe the consequence of groupthink.D. urges people to think for themselves.Paper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 15 minutes, 10 pointes)Excessive dependence on automobiles has profound negative impacts on human health: decreased opportunities for physical activity, increased exposure to air pollution, raised vulnerability to chronic diseases and the mounting incidence of traffic crashes that alone cost a staggering $180 billion. The determination of the magnitude of the health impact is notoriously so tricky as to end up with an astronomical figure probably. No calculation can be complete without formulating practical standards or models for estimating health costs. Costs associated with obesity, breathing illness, and injuries are evidenced by research. Growing recognition of the close connection between transportation, social cohesion and health has resulted in some studies that have achieved compelling findings.Section B( 15 minutes, 10 points)在21世纪，全球化和数字化已经把世界变成地球村。

2012年5月北京学位英语试题和答案2012年05月12日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。

Passage 1Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna(天线).But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer.―What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity)increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna,‖ said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study wa s published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。

2012年学位英语考试考题Part I Reading ComprehensionPassage 1【1-5 BCBAD】For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.1. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.A. the sea is too roughB. the land is lower than the seaC. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods outD. the weather is too rough1.【答案】B第一段中提到：Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level.他们主要的敌人就是海洋。

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now，there’s been a lot of research into whether coffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed，”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers，”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”：those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who took part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s research show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listening strategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression “won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace，there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week inBeijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-longfriend—the local schoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academicknowledge. , he is not qualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there.A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character：she likes friends and goes out a lot whileher sister always stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top ofhis class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows howto skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison，and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans(天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and the still sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead tosuperior comprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker willsay.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians fromthe ship’s band stood and played.SectionBDirections：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese．You should translate them into English．Be sure to write clearly．81．他是第一个在月球上行走的人。

2012年学位课英语试题（A卷）PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each)1.A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B. He is not at ease when seeing her.C. He is not used to the current surroundings.D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.2. A. Waiter and customer B Husband and wife.C. Boss and secretaryD. Doctor and patient3. A. They went to see a movie.B. They had a heated quarrel.C. They ended their relationship.D. They changed their plan.4. A. At a coffee shop. B In the street C. At one’s home D. In a restaurant5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.B. She does not want to eat out.C. She is in a bad mood today.D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.6. A. Tuesday and Friday B Wednesday and ThursdayC. Monday and SaturdayD. Saturday and Sunday7. A The man always makes wise decision.B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.D. The man really likes the book cover.8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.B. The man has to delay his departure.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.B. Major in business and minor in psychology.C Drop business or psychologyD. Choose two closely related majors.Section B ( 1point each)Mini-talk One10. A. It represents the bride’s link to her family and the past.B. It represents support of the bride’s family and friends.C. It’s a symbol of good luck and success.D. It’s a symbol of good health.11. A. Wealth and health B. Protection against evilC Loyalty and purity D. A remainder of the past12. A Wearing something new B Wearing blue items.C. Wearing something borrowed D Wearing a silversixpence in a shoeMini-talk Two13. A. They are facing budget deficit.B. They are giving more weight to academic study.C. They are conducing observational studies.D. They are shortening school hours.14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.D. Because they can arouse students’ curiosity.15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.Section C ( 1 point each)16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to createa password that is very ____( 3 words)17. Your password should not ____( 2 words) about you.18. Consider this: in addition to ___(2 words) , phrases can alsobe easy to remember.19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-class letters, numbers or ____(2 words)20. Always remember to ____(3 words) each site you visit on a computer that isn’t yours.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. Facebook’s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries.A optionalB qualifiedC desirableD casualDesirable development circumstances=favorableCautious , caution, precautious, precautionCasual clothes in the most casual tone ….CasualtyCasualnessAt randomOption, optionalOpticalOptimum /optimizeEdible=eatable , legible, illegible, eligible =qualifieddisqualify Affordable , respectableLiterate, illiterate, legal, illegal22. Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural areas.A. satisfy B occupy C alter D hostHost , hostess , tiger, tigress, actor, actressHero , ----heroineAlter=change, transformAlternate v.Alternative adj/nounThere are 2 alternatives in front of you-----quitting your job or staying here.Alternative resources …Alternation =transformationAlternant=interchangeableAlterabilityUrban =of citySpecialSpecific requests when…… to your husband….Definite, distinct, distinctiveSpecificationSpecify =elaborate, =describe, illustrate ,23. The number of people with Alzheimer’s disease in the United States is projected to more than double by 2050.A devisedB thrustC estimatedD encountered UnderestimateOverestimateEncounter - = come across, run into , meet…by chance, chance upon24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.A. at large =in detail B at length C at random D at home At ease = feel comfortableWith ease = easily,25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.A was recommendedB was foundC was understoodD was clarified.-ifySatisfy, purify , simplifyThe book can be classified into 4 chaptersFall intoThe chapter can fall into 4 sections26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.A came uponB broke downC made up =inventD drew onMake up a story to entertain the child…CoinageBreak downDraw on/upon27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.A suddenlyB moderatelyC seriouslyD genetically Spare no effortsGrave , gravitationGraveness28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our underprivileged citizens.A unproductiveB unyieldingC uninvitingD unintentionalCompromise =come to terms withCompensateIntention, intentHave the intention ofWith intent to do sthHe came here with intent to steal something.29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.A althoughB thereforeC yetD however Nevertheless, however,But he is innocentAs/though/that ….Child as he is, he has done the job very well.Word came that we succeeded at last.Handsome as he is , I don’t like him.Much as I admire him, I don’t want to be a man like him. 30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.A abundan tB valuableC expensiveD priceless.A host of =manyInvaluable=priceless , =expensiveUseless, worthlessSection B (0.5 point each)31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, _____ him nearly disabled.A leavingB keepingC allowingD causingDid you leave the window open?I wish the children would keep quietHe remains silent all through the night.Keep the window open ----unconsciouslyLeave the window open----consciouslyDamage toKey toSolution toAttitude toAnswer toReply to …An approach to dealing with the problem is very easy.32. These discoveries have opened up new ____ in the field of cancer research.A rainbowsB horizonsC altitudeD paradoxesOn the horizonHorizontal verticalAttitude altitude, latitude, longitude33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing Massacre is nothing but a ___.A novelB flawC truthD myth34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ____ to make future dating easier.A pretextsB prepositionsC profilesD protestsOn the pretext of ….35. Several large studies have found ____ lower odds of heartdisease among regular nut eaters.A confidentlyB consistentlyC conceptuallyD contemptuouslyContemporaryLook down on/upon , belittle , behead,Odd30-odd ,Even chestnutConfide oneself consist of , consist inConfident36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ____ his busy schedule.A turns intoB falls intoC looks intoD fits int o37. A glimpse ___our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun’s influence is stranger than expected.A intoB atC byD beyond38. It has never ____ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful .A occurredB happenedC turnedD conformed Intimate intimacyImitate , imitationInitiate =start, begin, initiativeHappen toSth occur to sbConfirm=verify, prove to beConform to = comply with, adhere to …Affirm =claim39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ____ their use.A regulateB recollectC reboundD rehearseFood and Drug Administration40. Teenagers can become ____ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away from them.A obedientB cooperativeC rebelliousD aestheticPart III Cloze Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) “A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That’s the American __41__ . In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditional house, owning a car or three or maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to __42__ destinations.The trouble __43__ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we __44__ need to generate more than 10 times __45__ energy each year. And __46__ , in a century or three, we all expect to be __47__ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?It is a clear that continuing to rely on __48__ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, t he climatic effects of “clean energy” sources are trivial __49__ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more __50___.41.A. constitution B. dream C history Dcharacter42.A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D.alcoholic43.A. on B. for C. at D with44.A shall B will C should D would45.A much more B more than C as much D of more46.A if B though C while D so47.A taken to B attended to C attached to Dsubmitted to48.A rock B stone C fossil Ddiamond49.A according to B based on C such as Dcompared with50.A significant B imperative C indispensable DnegligibleThe earth is 49 times the size of the moon.The earth is 49 times as much as the moon in size.The earth is 49 times larger than the moon.Part IV Reading Comprehension ( 45 minutes, 1 point each )Passage OneAs many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintances’ name. as the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”. Whileseemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions.Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental efforts.A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is f ar more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That’s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing---much like an effective exercise routine requiresyou to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed students improved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinkin g, impr oved memory, increased alertness and aw areness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.While many of the games at Lumosity are f ree, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term.However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?A.They are nothing to be worried about.B.They happen to each middle-aged person.C.They mostly happen to the elders.D.They are signs of declining memory.52.Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________A.cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort.B.Intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise.C.“senior moments” are quite useful at work .D.Our brain and muscles should be trained differently.53.From paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity _____.A.is just an online place to exercise your mental skills.B.requires the users to keep doing the same games.C.is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded.D.can help users make improvement in the brain.54.Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity _____A.is better than reported B is highly effective andbeneficial.B.should be under strict control D leaves much to be desired.55.Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?A.Access to these games is quite expensive.B.Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.C.All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.D.Access to the games is limited to subscribers.56.The main purpose in writing this passage is to _____A.present the new findings of neuroscientists.B.remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise.C.describe how Lumosity came into being.D.introduce how braining training makes your smarter.Passage TwoAccording to psychology professor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.” If this doesn’t get the attention of Millennium parents, I’m not sure what will.It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he’s destined to be the next Albert Einstein, Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates. It’s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.Dweck’s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.” Students who “focuses on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.” Feedback such as, ‘You did well because you worked so hard’ or ‘You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting’ can encourage children to try newthings, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the ‘time and effort’ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child’s repertoire of strategies is broadened.Dweck goes on to say that “they(students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.” Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) h ad less chance of trying new thing s and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child’s self-esteem.What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but balanc e this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don’t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life had to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.57.The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraphprobably means ____A.create some miracles.B.produce an undesirable resultC.be negligible to some extentD.be motivating and inspiring.58.Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?A.You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spenthours practicing your words.B.Oh, honey, you’re so smart----that failing grade won’t matteranyway.C.This is a wonderful paintings. What a great artist you are!D.You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.59.A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to____A have his learning strategies increased.B feel inferior to the smart children.C. have falsely high self-esteem.D. expect more praise and encouragement.60. Praising a child for his talent may ________A. encourage him to try new things.B. motivate him to greater efforts.C. leave him less prepared for challenges.D. put his life at risk in case of failure61. The author’s advice to parents is ___A. to expose the child to greater challenges.B. not to expect too much of a child.C. to forbid the child to make any excuses.D. to combine praise with constructive criticism.62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievement.B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being SmartC. How to Reward a Child for His EffortD. Praise---- A Must for the Child’s Future.Passage ThreeAs a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together. The greater choice is unarguable.But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods” actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.The researchers’ first observation is how any of the much-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firmspreserve their i ntellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel’s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people’s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people payless attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.Finkel’s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. You may be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid’s arrow will strike.63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ____A. keep their intellectual property secret.B. have two cutting edges.C. adopt strange matching methodsD. are good at deception as evidenced.64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means ____A. say goodbye B get along well C get hurt D dislike each other65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ____A were much less happy than those with similar personalities.B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities.C were almost as happy as those with similar personalities.D. were must happier than those with similar personalities.66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ____A can increase the chance of finding ideal partners.B helps people to become better aware of what they want.C divert attention from other mental qualitiesD leads to exclusive concern with one’s appearance67. Finkel’s conclusion is that ______A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are.B.you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet.C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites.D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street.68. The researchers’ attitude towards these Internet dating sites is ____A suspicionB confidenceC objectionD recommendationPassage FourMany countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confirmation that the danger lies less in what a motorist’s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver’s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr. Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.They also explored the effect of simply listening to something ---- such as a radio program. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. Dr.Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain’s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger. Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible ---- especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they’ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?A. Hands B Feet C Eyes D The brain70. In Kunar and Horowitz’s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ____A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes.B reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes.C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes.D. reacted more slowly, and made more mistakes.71. According to Frank Drews, listening to a passenger talking ____A affects drivers more than a phone conversation.B affects drivers more than listening to a story .C has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation.D has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story.72 The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ____A is necessary and feasibleB has been frequently brokenC will arouse heated debateD has been widely observed.73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ____A the lawmakersB car manufacturersC drivers themselvesD new technology74. The purpose of the passage is to ________A inform people of the danger of using phones while driving.B call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phonesC offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving.D weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving.Passage FiveIn these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don’t even know when your thinking is not your own.Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppet of someone else’s programming, at worst.Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing. However, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else’s? Not at all!Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from thorough investigation and thoughtful analysis. It means choosing to not compromise the facts for the sake of consensus or fitting in. It is not unlike critical thinking ---- it just brings about a broader scope of choices and decision-making in your life.For example, how many of us feel the need to keep up with ‘the latest’? We wear clothes, listen to music and follow trends that the media tells us we should in order to be cool. Marketing companies create ads that tempt us into a herd mentality as we fall into debt, wear fashions that are unbecoming, and get caught up in a cycle of over-spending and then stressing out over it. We are living lives designed for us by the powers without our conscious participation.Another trap we fall into when we don’t think for ourselves is groupthink. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that takes place within a group of people who try to avoid conflict and reach agreement without critically evaluating options or。

广西师范大学2012年非英语专业研究生学位英语考试试卷（2012年6月）Part I Reading Comprehension (共30分，每小题2分) Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. At the end of each passage, five questions will be asked about it.For the first three passages, you should read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide on the best choice.Passage OneThere are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most culture, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.1. According to the passage, in most cultures ______________________________.A. animals are in a worse position than human beingsB. people treat their pets like members of their familiesC. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsD. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular2. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.A. clothing shops for dogs and cats in the United States and EuropeB. restaurants for dogs in every city in FranceC. no dogs or cats that wear clothingD. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat themselves3. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because________________.A. pets are often useful companions for old peopleB. cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceC. pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.4. What might you think after reading this passage?A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.5. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.A. Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animalsPassage TwoFriends play an important part in our lives. And while we may get along well with a number of people, we can only be friends with very few. The average student, for example, has about 6 friends.Most people spend time with others they like, but still the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get along with people when there is a marked difference in age and background.Many friends avoid argument. It is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs. They have attitudes and interests in common that they often talk about and they might think of themselves being "on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point however. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another for favors and to keep promises. Also, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class, or race.6. What is True according to the first paragraph?A. A person can only have a few real friends.B. We should put things such as age, race, economic conditions, social positions, andintelligence in the first place when making friends.C. People whom we can get along well with are our friends.D. A student has six friends at most.7. In Paragraph 3, "being on the same wavelength" means ______.A. talking as fast as othersB. having the same topic as othersC. having attitudes and interests in commonD. having the same experiences and emotions8. The word " intimately" in Paragraph 3 perhaps means______A. far awayB. closelyC. wellD. in distance9. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even friends may have difference of opinion.B. Friends never argue with each other.C. It takes time to become good friends.D. Shared experiences can make for a strong friendship.10. To strengthen friendly relationships, people______.A. should have the same age, class, and raceB. should get rid of the annoying habitsC. should support and understand each otherD. should hold friendship ceremoniesPassage ThreeOn a practical level, teachers need a wide variety of skills and abilities. They have to be ready to spend many hours at home planning their lessons and preparing homework. They have to be well organized in class, patient with students, able to appear bright and interested even if they are in fact tired or unhappy, and lively enough to control a group of young people for almost 200 days a year. Outside the classroom, they may have to prepare teaching materials, to choose books to use as texts, to help organize the work of other teachers, or to organize spare time activities for students.If you think that you have all the necessary qualities, you may feel that you would like to be a teacher. One way to decide, if you live in the United States, is by joining a club for future teachers, such as Student Action for Education. Clubs like this give advice about your field, and also allow you to watch teachers at work, attend meetings, and experiment with teaching methods and equipment. You could also talk with the job advisor at your school or university. Finally, you could try teaching a younger student or becoming an advisor at a summer camp for children. Any activity in which you are dealing with children will help you decide whether you have a calling for teaching.11. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A. how to plan lessons and prepare homeworkB. how to help organize the work of other teachersC. how to prepare teaching materialsD. various skills and abilities teachers need12. According to the author, a teacher should show a firm mind ________.A. that is active and always asking questionsB. that knows no fear, even when a person is faced with many studentsC. that can help other teachers as well as studentsD. that is able to deal with tiredness and unhappiness13. The second paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.A. the ways of deciding one's future employmentB. the ways to decide whether teaching should be one's future employmentC. joining a club for future teachersD. talking to an advisor when choosing future employment14. Student Action or Education is ________.A. a summer camp for childrenB. an activity at a summer campC. a club for future teachersD. a club for job advisors15. Which of the following does the author suggest to a person who wants to be ateacher?A. Watching teachers at work and organizing students' spare time activities.B. Joining a future teachers' club, talking with job advisors, and working withchildren.C. Preparing lessons, correcting homework, and experimenting with teaching methodsand equipment.D. Planning lessons and attending teachers' meetings.Part II Skimming and Scanning (共10分，每小题1分) Directions:True or false?Read the following passages. Then decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).Passage OneAs my train wasn't due to leave for another hour, I had plenty of time. I made my way to the luggage (行李) office to collect the suitcase (小型旅行箱). I took out my wallet to find the receipt (收据) for my case, but the receipt was nowhere to be found. When my turn came, I explained this situation to the assistant. The man looked at me suspiciously (怀疑地) and asked me to describe the case. I told him that it was an old, brown object no different from the many cases I could see on the shelves. The assistant then gave me a form and told me to make a list of the chief contents of the case. If the list was correct, he said, I could take the case away. I tried to remember all the articles I had hurriedly packed, and I wrote them down.After I had done this, I went to look among shelves. There were hundreds of cases there and, for one terrible moment, it occurred to me that if someone had picked up the receipt, he could have easily claimed (认领) the case already. This did not happen fortunately, for after a time I found the case lying on its side high up in a corner. After examining the articles inside, the assistant was soon satisfied that it was mine and told me I could take the case away. Again I took out my wallet, this time to pay. I pulled out a ten-shilling note and the "lost" receipt came out with it. I couldn't help blushing (脸红) and looked up at the assistant. He was nodding his head knowingly, as if to say that hehad often seen this happen.（）16. When the man explained the matter to an assistant, the assistant looked at him with pity.（）17. The man got nervous while looking for his suitcase, as he realized anyone could take it with the receipt.（）18. The man's suitcase was laid in the corner on the ground.（）19. The assistant was trying to verify what the man was saying. "To verify" means to check and make sure of something（）20. The man blushed because he felt timid and did not know what to do. Passage TwoBody language is the often overlooked means by which we express many of our feelings and thoughts. It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean. Surprisingly, words themselves express only seven percent.Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive (易接受的) you are to the people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. Outgoing (外向的) people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are the monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. However, to appear friendly when listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. So it is best for you to keep your legs still when you are being interviewed.Posture (姿势). A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. If you are feeling down, you normally don't sit straight. Also, you may hold your shoulders inward. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse (噘) your lips. You might also use this position to hold back an angry comment you don't wish to show. Regardless of what you are actually thinking, a person is likely to think that you are not happy if you have this expression.（）21. Body language is often overlooked because we mainly communicate in words. （）22. When an outgoing person meets someone he knows, he is most likely to keep his arms close to his body.（）23. Paragraph five shows that your posture and your feelings affect (影响) eachother.（）24. If you attend an interview, moving your legs around a lot should be avoided. （）25. Without considering possible cultural differences, the writer of the passage is suggesting that body language is a language that is difficult to understand.Part III Cloze (共10 分，每小题0. 5分)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.To find out what the weather is going to be, many people go straight to the radio, television or newspaper to get an expert weather forecast. But 26 you know what to look for, you can use your own 27 to make your weather 28 .There are many 29 that can help you. For example, in fair weather the air pressure is 30 low. The air is still and often full of dust. Far away objects may look 31 . But when a storm is gathering, the pressure 32 and you are often able to see things more clearly. Sailors 33 of this long ago and came 34 with a saying “The farther the sight, the nearer the rain”.Your sense of 35 can also help you detect weather changes. Just 36 it rains, odors becomes stronger. This is 37 odors are suppressed in a fair, high-pressure center. When a bad weather low 38 , air pressure lessens and smells are 39 .You can also 40 an approaching storm. Sounds 41 heavy storm clouds and return to earth with force. An old saying describes it 42 :”Sound travelling far and wide, a stormy day will come.”And don’t laugh if your grandmother says she can 43 a storm coming. It is commonly known that many people feel pains in their bones when the humidity 44 , the pressure drops, and bad weather is on the 45 .26. A. unless B. if C. as D. though27. A. experiences B. ways C. senses D. feelings28. A. broadcast B. plans C. prediction D. statement29. A. forms B. signals C. expressions D. signs30. A. ordinarily B. unusually C. commonly D. generally31. A. misty B. small C. clear D. big32. A. rises B. drops C. increases D. descends33. A. took care B. took note C. got hold D. made sense34. A. up B. over C. upon D. on35. A. touch B. taste C. smell D. sight36. A. when B. as C. after D. before37. A. why B. because C. how D. hence38. A. moves away B. takes up C. moves in D. takes in39. A. released B. controlled C. checked D. roused40. A. learn B. see C. hear D. look41. A. jump up B. jump down C. bounce in D. bounce off42. A. as meaning B. following C. this way D. that is43. A. see B. hear C. feel D. tell44. A. falls B. grows C. drops D. rises45. A. way B. march C. road D. movingPart IV Translation (共25 分)Directions: Put the following into Chinese.1.When we are faced with a problem that we are unable to solve, a simple act ofkindness from a stranger may provide a solution, lift our spirits, and even change our lives. Further, their actions may give us an example to follow in our own lives. Even when facing personal problems of our own, we need to choose to make other people’s lives better with our courage, imagination, and generosity. We should live our daily lives with the goal of helping others, and provide support without thinking of our own gains. If we live our lives in this way, we will find the satisfaction and purpose that we seek.2.Exercise is important for both the body and the mind. Its benefits are obvious in manyways: better health, increased intelligence, better looks and so on. However, many people do not realize that exercise can also have negative effect if one fails to pay attention to their diet when they exercise, such as a decrease in iron levels in one’s blood. So be careful to combine exercise with the correct diet and pay attention to the body’s needs as you go about your exercise program, and you’ll do great.Part V Writing (共25 分)Directions:For this part, you are required to write according to the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese.How to Achieve Success?1.有人说成功靠运气。