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Unit 1 Past and present 过去和现在【重点词汇】1.pass-passed-passed 过去past(1)[n.]过去①in the past在过去(2)[adj.]从前的；刚过去的①in the past few weeks近几周(3)介词[prep.]（表示时间）在...之后；经过①twenty past five 5点二十(4)[adv.]经过①walk past走过2.present现在,目前at present目前，现在(1)[n.]礼物，礼品(2)[v.]赠送；颁发，授予(3)[adj.]①出席，在场（作表语或后置定语）②现存的，现在的（做前置定语）3.just [adv.]刚才（常与现在完成时连用）(1)恰好，正好相当于exactly(2)仅仅是；只是相当于only(3)just then就在那时相当于at that moment(4)just与just now区别①just常与现在完成时连用，位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或系动词之后②just now常与一般过去时连用，相当于a moment ago，通常位于句末4.change(1)[v.]改变，更换①change/turn...into... 把...变成...(2)[n.]变化，变革；零钱（不可数名词）5.since[conj.]&[prep.]自……以来6.ever[adv.]曾经7.northern北方的，北部的southern western eastern8.married已婚的，结婚的(1)get married结婚(2)be married已婚(3)9.wife妻子-wives[pl.](1)knife-knives(2)wolf-wolves(3)thief-thieves(4)half-halves(5)leaf-leaves10.away[adv.]离开，在（某距离）处(1)go away离开(2)right away立刻(3)take away带走(4)run away逃离(5)put away收起来(6)far away远离(7)keep...away from... 使...远离...11.block街区12.pollution污染;污染物(1)[v.]pollute(2)light pollution光污染(3)air pollution空气污染(4)water pollution水污染(5)noise pollution噪声污染13.problem[n.]问题，难题(1)question与ask/answer(2)problem难以解决问题solve/work out连用14.factory工厂15.waste(1)废料;废品（不可数名词）(2)[n.]浪费，可以和冠词a连用(3)[adj.]废弃的，无用的；荒芜的(4)[v.][新义]浪费，滥用①②16.realize[v.]意识到；实现(1)realize实现，是及物动词，被实现(2)come true实现，成为现实，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态17.situation形势，情况18.husband丈夫19.impossible[adj.]不可能的(1)impossibly[adv.](2)possible[adj.]-possibly[adv.](3)possibility[n.]可能性20.interview采访;会见[新义]n.对……进行面试;采访21.environment环境condition环境，条件，状况22.lonely和alone(1)lonely形容词孤独的，强调人的内心感受；偏僻的。
教学资料范本【2020最新】八年级英语下册Unit1PastandPresent知识点总结及测试卷新版牛津版编辑：__________________时间：__________________单元重点知识点总览1. past和present的用法past作名词、形容和介词的用法present作形容词和名词的用法2.just的用法just与现在完成时连用just和just now的用法区别ed to do sth. “过去常常做某事”be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”be used to do/for sth. “被用来做某事”4. share 的用法：share sth. with sb.“与某人共享某物”。
5. take+a/the+交通工具，by+交通工具，in/on+交通工具6. too many, too much, much too的用法比较7. take表示“花费”的用法：It takes/took (sb). some time to do sth.8. wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”wait to do sth.“等待做某事”can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”9. interview sb. “采访某人”；have an interview with sb. “采访某人”10. since的用法现在完成时+since+一般过去时It has been/is+时间段+since+一般过去时”11. move to some place“搬往某地”。
12.表示东西南北的方位名词加上“ern”构成形容词。
13. marry的用法marry sb.get marriedbe marriedbe/get married to sb.14.turn……into“把……变成……”，turn into“变成”。
Unit1 Past and Present课堂知识点重点笔记讲义牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B U1 Past and presentComic strip-Welcome to the unit Key points01.现在完成时的结构▲①现在完成时的结构：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词, 助动词要随着主语的变化而变化，当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词要用has。
▲②现在完成时通常表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，而且还可能继续下去，或者表示过去的行为对现在造成一定的影响，可能还会产生结果等。
◆in the past/last ten/few years 在过去的十/几年里◆over the past/last ten/few years 在过去的十/几年里02.ago adv.以前▲ago的时间参照点是现在或说话的当时，通常与一般过去时连用。
看到ago，通常用一般过去时▲before通常用来表示“过去"的某个时间点之前，一般与现在完成时或过去完成时连用。
速记小法：before和ago巧记口诀:before常在点之前，ago总在段之后，before时态不确定，过去时中用ago。
▲before adv.以前，过去prep.在......之前▲before doing sth.03.just adv.刚才just可用于现在完成时中，置于助动词与实义动词之间，意为“刚才”。
◆just now = a moment ago 刚才(常用于一般过去时)◆just/wait a moment/minute 等一会儿；等一下；就来了；请稍等◆just then = at that moment 就在那时(常用于一般过去时)[单选常考混淆辨析]A.ever 曾经B. never 从不C.just 刚才D.still 仍然；依旧[联想拓展]→just = only adv.(加强语气)正好；仅仅，只不过→just adj.公正的；合适的ed to do sth.▲used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,表示过去经常性、反复性或习惯性的动作或状态，暗含的意思为“过去经常这样做，但现在却不这样做了"。
存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。
Has he/she/it seen the film? Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ she/
（迄今为止），already
for two hours
He has joined the League for 3 years.
I have bought the book f
→
I bought the watch 2 weeks ago. =I the watch since
have been in
eg.
他们在中国呆了多长时间了？（仍在中国）
）原形中的元音字母有变化：
pay-paid-paid say-said-said lose-lost-lost lay-laid-laid
tell-told-told catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught buy-set-set-set shut-shut shut cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut
2
mistake-mistook-mistaken draw-drew-drawn blow-blew-blown do-did-done go-went-gone fly-flew-flown lie-lay-lain
）个别动词有两个过去式和过去分词，一个为规
be away fr
som 句子的意思是，她对“这个令人惊奇的消息感
解析：
B. Have, found, not
C. Have, loo
12. Aunt Li _________ her home town for a long time.。
第1课时Comic strip &Welcome to the u nit一、翻译词组1、半小时前____________________________2、见过我的食物_____________________________3、刚刚吃了它__________________________4、你变了___________________________________5、过去常常和我分享一切_________________________6、过去常常对我好__________________7、不同时期的交通方式__________________________ 8、步行去那儿________________________9、进行一个历史的课题研究___________________________10太多人和车辆_________________11、足够幸运看见他的变化___________________________________________________________二、根据旬意及中文提示完成单词1. At ____________(现在，目前)，we can fly to Seoul from Yancheng.2.We can’t forget the poor life in the____________ (过去).3.I’ve____________ (刚刚)known about it. Sorry to hear that.4. He has changed. He____________（曾经）to be so kind to his wife.5. In big cities, people often go to work by ____________（地铁）. It’s fast and cheap.三、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.There’re different forms of transport at different____________ (time).2.I want something ____________ (eat) because I am hungry.3. 一Where is my book? 一It____________ (be)on the desk five minutes ago.4.I used to____________ (go) school by bus,but now I ride a bike.5.Tom has____________ (change)a lot. He always wanted to play with others but now he doesn’t.四、单项选择( ) 1. We got here____________ half an hour ago.A. sinceB.／C. forD. in( )2.一____________he ____________at this school two years ago? 一一Yes，I think so.A. Did ; studyB. Has, studiedC. Was; studyD. Did; studied( )3.Timmy goes to school _________every day．It’s five minutes’ walk from his home to school.A. by busB. by planeC. On footD. by train( )4.一China develops so fast.一That’s true. It____________a lot already.A. has changedB. changedC. will changeD. changes( )5.The building is a cinema now. It____________a supermarket.A. was used to beB. used to beC. is used to beingD. uses to be五、根据中文提示完成句子1、我妈妈一小时前在家里。
______________________________________________________________________________ _____2、---张鹏，你看见我的电脑了吗?” --- “不，没有。
”_______________________________________________________________________________ ____3、格林先生每天乘地铁去上班。
______________________________________________________4、许多年前凯特曾经是一名护士。
_______________________________________________________________________________ ____5、这部电影有助于你了解中国的过去和现在。
_______________________________________________________________________________ ____6、---当你爸爸小的时候为什么不乘坐公交车上学？---因为等下一部花很长时间。
_______________________________________________________________________________ ____六、根据首字母提示补全短文Many years ago there was a poor man. He had an orange tree in his garden. On the tree there were many fine oranges. One day，he found one of his oranges much b___1___ than the others. It was as big as a football. N___2___ had ever s__3__ such a big orange. The poor man took the orange to the King. The king was so h_____4___ that he gave the poor man a lot of m__5___ for it.When a rich man h__6__ of it, he said to himself, “It’s o nly an orange. Why has the king given him so much money for it? I will t___7___ my gold cup to the king. He will give m__8__ money to me.”The next day when the king r__9___ the gold cup, he said to the rich man, “What a nice cup! I will show you something w__10___. Please take this great orange.”1_____________ 2_____________ 3_____________ 4_____________ 5_____________ 6_____________ 7_____________ 8_____________ 9_____________ 10_____________七、完形填空T he outdoor world is full of secrets. And they are __1__ interesting that quite a lot of people are busy _2_ them.All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about how they __3__ and grow are as interesting as anything could be.Do you know that one of __4__ presidents of the USA __5__ hours and hours studying birds? A businessman near New York became so __6__ in insects that he began to get __7__ together. He now has more than one thousand different kinds of insects carefully __8__ in glass boxes.Come with me, and I will help you find some nature's secrets. Let us go __9__ through the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit tells another they are in danger. We shall __10__ a mother bear and her young ones as they look for __11__ and get ready for winter sleep. We shall watch bees dancing in the air to let other bees know __12__ they can find food. I will __13__ you many other interesting things, but the best thing that I can teach you is to keep eyes and ears __14__ when you go out of doors. Nature tells her secrets only__15__ people who look and listen carefully.( )1. A. so B. such C. very D. too( )2. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied( )3. A. fly B. live C. speak D. come ( )4. A. the greatest B. greater C. greatest D. great ( )5. A. took B. spent C. used D. cost( )6. A. busy B. careful C. friendly D. interested ( )7. A. it B. whom C. them D. those( )8. A. locked B. put C. kept D. filled( )9. A. quickly B. quietly C. hurriedly D. happily( )10. A. see B. follow C. help D. catch( )11. A. fruit B. vegetables C. water D. food ( )12. A. how B. why C. where D. when( )13. A. show B. see C. give D. learn( )14. A. closed B. open C. safe D. clean( )15. A. to B. for C. at D. with。
