雅礼教育集团2020年下学期期中联考答案

2019-2020学年湖南省长沙市雅礼集团六校联考八年级（下）期中英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）1.________ terrible mess you made! Please put everything in the right place.A. What aB. HowC. What2.- My parents are strict. I can't use my phone on school nights.- ________. All the parents are the same.A. So can IB. Neither can IC. Neither do I3.- Could you please ________ the rubbish on the ground？- Sorry. I will pick it up at once.A. not throwB. throwC. not to throw4.I don't want to be ________ else. I just want to be myself.A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobody5.We will give him the gift as soon as he ________.A. comesB. will comeC. came6.Let's do what we can ________ the endangered animals.A. saveB. to saveC. saved7.- What's the matter, Jack？- I fell down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly.A. skatedB. am skatingC. was skating8.Learning is a life-long journey. There is still a long way to go ________ you get into thebest university in China.A. as long asB. even thoughC. so that9.- Wow, the new phone you bought looks amazing!- It is HUAWEI P40. It is ________ of all the new phones came out this year.A. betterB. much betterC. the best10.The teenage girls are talking about ________.A. when can they try out for Idol Producer（偶像练习生）B. how can they try out for Idol ProducerC. what they should do to try out for Idol Producer二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）Every day we can meet many different people. Maybe they are not our friends, but someone may change us, just like what happened to me.Today, after a long day's work, I felt very（1）______ ，and then I sat on a chair at a station to have a rest. A woman came and sat next to me. She said hello and（2）______ me some food she was eating. I didn't take it, because I was not hungry. But she broke the ice by doing this. After that, we talked for half an hour, I told her some unhappy things in my work. And she showed me the bright side in the life. Later I felt better（3）______ my life. I thanked her for talking to me and telling me so many things. She left with a（4）______ . When I thought of her smile, I was not tired any more. At that time, I even thought it was a lucky day for me.A few minutes later, I saw a blind man coming. He walked（5）______ with his stick（拐杖）.I went next to him and asked with a smile, "Hello, would you like me to help you" He agreed, I stood on the side where his（6）______ was free. So he could hold my arm. We walked into the subway train and talked all the way to his stop. He gave me his telephone number before he （7）______ the train, and I said, "OK，I will call you". It was dark and cold outside,（8）______ I felt warm inside. Today I brought smiles to the man, and I was sure he also made my day（9）______ .Now I am still thinking life can't always be easy to us, but we can still do（10）______ for others. Let's share happiness and care for others to make our world more beautiful.11. A. worried B. happy C. tired12. A. lent B. offered C. took13. A. of B. about C. at14. A. card B. ticket C. smile15. A. quietly B. slowly C. quickly16. A. hand B. leg C. foot17. A. got to B. got on C. got off18. A. but B. so C. because19. A. harder B. better C. darker20. A. anything B. something C. everything三、补全对话（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）21.A：Hi, Bill. You look a little unhappy. （1）______ ？B：Hi, Sam. You know, the high school entrance examination of biology and geographyis coming, but I still have a lot of problems in my biology. I really don't know what to do.A：Well, everyone gets nervous before the exam. I think you should take it easy, and make good use of your time.B：（2）______ . I'll work hard to make it. By the way, I heard that you will volunteer at an animal center next Saturday. I'm quite interested in it. （3）______ ？A：Of course you can. You are always welcome.B：（4）______ ？A：At the school gate. The animal center is not far from our school.（5）______ ？It's fast and we can get exercise as well.B：Sounds good. I like bike riding. See you then.A：See you.四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ABlack HolesOn April 10，people around the world got their first look at a real black hole. Want to know more？Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3 pm on Thursday in the school hall. 5 G is coming! Come and experience what it is like!Time：2：30 pm-4：30 pmDay：Monday Place：Science Center Teachers：Miss Yang, Mr. ZhuWhy can't we grow to be 3 meters？Speaker：Doctor Hu Time：9：00 am - 11：00 am Day：FridayPlace：Biology Lab Two 3 D-printed products mustbring you different feelings!Time：8：20 am - 10：20 amDay：Tuesday Place：Computer Room Four22.Which of the following is NOT TRUE______A. You can enjoy a film in the school hall.B. Mr. Wang will tell you why we can't grow to be 3 meters.C. You can enjoy 3 D-printed products on Tuesday.23.This is probably ______ .A. a noticeB. a letterC. a mapB24.What do the teacher and nurse positions have in common？______A. They are only open to females.B. Working experience is needed.C. A bachelor's degree is needed.25.Who can get a job as a lawyer at Green Law Firm______A. Alex, 35，1 years of working experience, master's degree.B. Lilian, 29，5 years of working experience, high school graduate.C. Dunion, 30，4 years of working experience, bachelor's degree.26.We can learn from the chart that ______ .A. these ads are for people who are looking for jobs.B. the positions are all open to people older than 26 with good health.C. if you want to work as a teacher at Yali High school, you can call 0731-******** formore information.CWhen Mary was young, her job was to drive a school bus. Every day, an 8-year-old schoolboy called Charlie took the bus and would make trouble on it. Charlie's parents were dead and he had to live with his grandmother. Mary knew that and always tried her best to be kind to the poor boy.One day, Mary got a small and nice box from a little girl as a gift. On the last day of school, she found that the box was gone. "Does anyone know what happened to my small box" she asked. One boy said ，"Charlie was the first one to get on the bus. I'm sure he took it.""Have you seen the small box" Mary turned around and asked Charlie."I don't know what you're talking about," Charlie said."Check his pockets!" many children suggested.Mary put her hand into one of Charlie's pockets and found nothing. Then she reached inside the other pocket and felt it. Charlie watched Mary for a while, with tears in his eyes. "Let me keep it a secret," said a voice in Mary's heart."I must have dropped it somewhere before I got on the bus," she said to the children.Many years later, Mary was shopping in a supermarket when someone said, "Mary" She turned around and saw a middle-aged man. It was Charlie, "You were the only one who kept trying to help me, I always know that," he explained and hugged Mary.Several days later, Charlie sent Mary the small and nice box which she lost many years ago.27.Mary tried her best to love Charlie because ______ .A. he lost his parents' loveB. he always made trouble on the busC. he lived with his grandmother28.Mary put her hand into Charlie's pockets and ______ .A. found nothingB. found a nice walletC. felt the small box29.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text______A. Mary got a nice small box on the last day of school.B. Charlie actually knew what they were talking about on the bus.C. Charlie was the last one to get on the bus.30.Mary's words " I must have dropped it somewhere before I got on the bus" showed that______ .A. Mary really dropped it on the wayB. someone asked her to keep it a secretC. Mary wanted to forgive（原谅）him and to help him realize his mistake31.Charlie kept the small box for many years in order to ______ .A. remember Mary's kindnessB. get some money by selling itC. give it to Mary as a giftDOn the morning of May 30th, 2019，Huawei helped the BBC use 5 G to report news. It was the first time that 5 G was used in the world! Actually, China just began to use 5 G in June 2019. What's the most special about 5 G 5 G lets us send and receive information in a very short time. Now, 4 G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds（毫秒）to send and receive information. But 5 G will take 1 millisecond or less. The big change that 5 G brings will not only make our mobile network faster, but also deeply change our lives in many ways.First, 5 G can connect（连接）with amusements（娱乐）. 5 G is about 100 times faster than 4 G. This means you can download a movie in seconds by using 5 G. Also, VR games will become more popular with 5 G. 5 G will make people feel the games even more real. Second, 5 G can connect with traffic. 5 G will also make self-driving cars safer. These cars can send messages to each other. They also "talk" to traffic lights and road sensors （传感器）. 5 G will allow self-driving cars to have faster reaction（反应）than human drivers.Third, 5 G can connect with smart homes. 5 G also makes the IOT possible. IOT is a large network that connects everything to the Internet. Smart homes are part of it. Smart homes can make the machines automatic . For example, a smart sprinkler could water your plants by itself. And your toaster could start making breakfast before you get up.Although not everyone can use 5 G networks now, China is trying its best to let everyone use 5G as soon as possible!32.What is the biggest advantage（优势）of 5 G？______A. It has faster speed in sending and receiving messages.B. It can be used to control cars.C. It can help to download a movie in minutes.33. 5 G will change our lives in many ways EXCEPT（除了）______ according to thepassage.A. home lifeB. traffic safetyC. the way news spreads34.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage______A. Both 4 G and 5 G can make VR games become less real.B. IOT is a large network that can join everything to the Internet.C. 5 G has been widely used in China now.35.What does the underlined word "automatic" mean in Paragraph 4？______A. 自动的B. 灵敏的C. 快速的36.This passage is probably from ______ .A. a story bookB. a newspaperC. a book report五、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）37.As the saying goes, "A hero is known in the time of misfortune （不幸）". Zhong Nanshanis a hero like this. He is a doctor in Guangdong, who saved many people's lives in 2003.In 2003，SARS broke out in ter,it spread across China and other parts of the world.Patients coughed a lot and got fevers. Hundreds of patients even died from the disease. Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated patients. So everyone was afraid of it. But Zhong was brave enough to fight the disease Zhong spent days and nights looking for the cause of the disease. And with his way of treating, many patients began to get better. Zhong finally won people's trust.In early2020，a disease called Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia （新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19）hit Wuhan. It spread quickly. And over tens of thousands of Chinese people were infected （感染）.Zhong,84，led his team to Wuhan to fight the illness. Zhongs team took many measures to cure the patients with COVID-19. He advised people to wear masks, wash hands frequently （频繁地），stay at home and not to go to crowded places.Zhong likes sports very much.When he was 67，he could still play basketball.Now at the age of 84，Zhong still treats patients in the hospital and teaches young doctors. "I am justa doctor." Zhong says. But we think he is a hero and a fighter.What does Zhong Nanshan do______Why did hundreds of patients die in 2003？______How did Zhong win people's trust in 2003？______How many Chinese pcople were infected with COVID-19？______What did Zhong advise people to do to fight COVID-19______六、信息匹配（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）To be successful at school matters a lot for students. However, some students have trouble in getting good grades. Are you one of them？If so, here are some tips for you.Manage（管理）your time in a wise way. （1）______ . Leaving it till the next morning can make things in a mess. When I was a student at River School, my English teacher Mr. Brown never allowed us to leave our homework till the next morning.（2）______ . This means many things. Come to class every day on time. Listen to your teachers carefully in class and take part in class activities actively.Take good notes. While you are taking notes, you need to learn to tell important information. For example, if the teacher has taken the time to repeat something, or write it on the blackboard, it will probably be important later, perhaps on a test of some kind. （3）______ . You get to learn to take good notes.Review（复习）what you've learned on the same day. This daily review won't take long to complete. （4）______ . Using this tip will also help you to move the information to your long-term memory more quickly. If you skip （跳过）this step, you may get confused（疑惑）when the teacher moves on to a new unit.38. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E39. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E40. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E41. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E七、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。

2019-2020学年湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团联考九年级（下）期中化学试卷一、选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）1．（3分）下列过程中主要发生物理变化的是（）A．用石墨制得金刚石B．用食醋去除水垢C．用石油作原料炼制汽油D．鲜奶制成酸奶2．（3分）规范的操作是实验成功的保证。

下列实验操作中，正确的是（）A．称量药品B．测定溶液的pHC．稀释浓硫酸D．点燃酒精灯3．（3分）下列关于实验现象描述正确的是（）A．将引燃的铁丝伸入氧气中，剧烈燃烧，火星四射，生成黑色固体B．电解水实验中，正、负极两端玻璃管内收集到的气体体积比为2：1C．木炭在空气中燃烧生成二氧化碳D．红磷在氧气中燃烧时，生成大量白色烟雾4．（3分）多巴胺（C8H11O2N）是一种神经传导物质，能直接影响人的情绪，在学习和记忆过程中起着关键作用，多巴胺也与各种上瘾行为有关。

下列关于多巴胺的说法正确的是（）A．多巴胺是有机高分子化合物B．多巴胺中碳元素的质量分数最大C．多巴胺中碳、氧、氢、氮元素的质量比为8：11：2：1D．多巴胺分子中含有氧气分子5．（3分）二氧化氮气体任意排放会引起硝酸型酸雨，因为二氧化氮气体通入水中能发生如下反应：3NO2+H2O═2HNO3+X，则X的化学式为（）A．N2O B．NO C．N2O3D．N2O56．（3分）近些年，有关中学生的安全事件不断发生，对学生的人身安全产生严重影响，中学生应有一定的安全常识。

下列做法不合理的是（）A．室内起火，不能立即打开门窗通风B．进入久未开启的菜窖要先进行“灯火实验”C．夜间发现燃气泄漏应立即开灯查看并关闭阀门开窗通风D．被围困在火灾区时，应用湿毛巾捂住口鼻并尽量贴近地面逃离7．（3分）酸雨对下列设施的腐蚀作用最强的是（）A．路灯有机玻璃灯罩B．黄兴路铜像C．公园大理石围栏D．柏油路面8．（3分）下列对事实的解释不正确的是（）选项事实解释A用洗洁精洗去餐盘上的油渍洗洁精能溶解油污形成溶液B盐酸、稀硫酸的化学性质相似盐酸、稀硫酸中都含有氢离子C金刚石和石墨的物理性质存在着明显差异它们的碳原子排列方式不同D6000L氧气在加压情况下可装入容积为加压时氧气分子变小40L的钢瓶中A．A B．B C．C D．D9．（3分）已知：金属X在常温下能与空气中的氧气反应，而金属Y和Z不能；将Y、Z分别投入稀盐酸中，Y溶解并产生气泡，Z无变化。

2020年雅礼教育集团九年级下学期期中联考试卷物理科目考生注意：本试卷共四道大题，24道小题，满分100分，时量60分钟一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分，每小题只有1个选项符合题意）1.下列数据中，最接近生活实际的是（）A.家用电冰箱的电流约为20AB.我国家庭电路电压为200VC.铅蓄电池的电压约为36VD.手电筒中的电流约为0.2A2.端午浓情，小洋给奶奶剥粽子，奶奶给小洋戴香囊。

棕香、药香四溢，这个现象说明（）A.煮粽子是通过做功的方式改变其内能B.分子在不停地做无规则运动C.分子间存在斥力D.分子间存在引力3.下列事例中不是利用水的比热容大的特性的是（）A.夏天．在地上洒水会感到凉快B.北方楼房内的“暖气”用水作为介质C.海边昼夜温差变化比沙漠中小D.生物体内水的比例高，有助于调节自身的温度4.关于电流表和电压表的使用，下列接法中能够正确测出电流或电压的是（）A. B. C. D.5.如图所示，是加油站里常见的“静电释放器”，司机或工人提油枪加油前，必须用手触摸金属球清除身体上的静电。

下列有关说法中正确的是（）A.人体带的电荷是人体与衣服摩擦过程中创造出来的B.“静电”消除后，人体的电荷全部消失C.若人体带有负电，“除电”时，电流方向是从人体流向金属球D.“除电”时，人体、金属球、大地连通6.如图所示，对于图片中所描述的物理过程，下列分析中正确的是（）A.厚玻璃内的空气被压缩时，空气的内能减少B.瓶子内的空气推动塞子跳起时，空气的内能增大C.试管内的水蒸气推动了塞子冲出时，水蒸气的内能减少D.汽缸内的气体推动活塞向下运动时，气体的内能增大7.关于能的转化，下列说法中正确的是（）A.燃料燃烧把内能转化成化学能B.内燃机工作时，把机械能转化为燃料的化学能C.太阳能电池板把太阳能转化成电能D.给蓄电池充电把化学能转化成电能8.小华组的同学们利用如图所示的电路装置来判断物体的导电性，在A、B两个金属夹之间分别接入下列物体时，闭合开关后，能使小灯泡发光的是（）A.干木条B.铅笔芯C.塑料笔杆D.橡皮擦9.如图a 所示，在一个电阻均匀的金属圆环上有两A 、B 、C 、D 四点。

2020年长沙市雅礼中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself：Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easyand skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, youare creating less CO2which will help the ozone(臭氧).● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.A. turn off your computer or open the curtainsB. turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpoolC. make a garden or open the curtainsD. use rechargeable batteries or make a garden2. Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?A. Main body.B. Argument.C. Lead - in.D. Conclusion.3. The main idea of the passage is about________.A. the importance of environmental protectionB. some ways about how to prevent pollutionC. some suggestions about how to save energyD. some suggestions about environmental protectionBIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.4. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.5. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.6. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite LaunchingCAustralia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, finding all coral populations disappear gradually, they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately, but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, anoutstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.8. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Destroyed habitats.B. Climate change.C. Lack of seafood.D. Bleaching events.9. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many species has been dying out slowly.B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.10. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Worried.B. Angry.C. Hopeful.D. Surprised.11. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier ReefB. The Species of ocean Life Are In DangerC. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get WorseD. Sea Ecosystems Are In DeclineDIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate studentson steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.12. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.13. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.14. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.15. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年长沙雅礼教育集团九年级下学期联考语文试卷满分120分，时量150分钟一、积累与运用（共20分）学校开展以“语文即生活”为主题的“知识闯关大赛”，下面是小雅同学抽到的一组闯关题，请你和她一起完成。

1.【字词迷宫】下列词语中字音和字形全都正确的一项是（）（2分）【易读错字】①顷．（qīng）刻②倔．（jué）强③唠．（lāo）叨【形近字】④纤陌交通⑤歼灭⑥扦绳【多音字】⑦风雪载．途（zǎi）⑧悄．（qiăo）然⑨恐吓．（hè）【成语】⑩不屑置辨⑪因地制宜⑫自出心裁A．③④⑧⑫B．①⑥⑦⑩C．②⑤⑨⑪D．②⑤⑦⑫2.【词语擂台】下面是小雅对“嫦娥五号”表露的一段心声，填入横线处的词语，最符合语境的一项是（）（2分）嫦娥五号每走一步，都让国人无限①。

电视屏幕前的我们，②地关注着它月面起飞、交会对接、返地控制的每一个细节，对它的顺利回家③。

此次嫦娥五号探月返回任务，已创造和将实现5个“中国首次”：一是地外天体的采样与封装，二是地外天体的起飞，三是月球轨道交会对接，四是带着月壤高速返回地球，五是样品的存储、分析和研究。

任务成功后，中国将成为第三个从月球上取样并成功返回的国家。

航空领域专家④的结果，让月光照亮了“嫦娥”回家的路，也照亮了中国探月梦想的天梯。

A.①思念②屏息敛声③望眼欲穿④费尽心机B.①牵挂②诚心诚意③翘首以盼④殚精竭虑C.①牵挂②屏息敛声③翘首以盼④殚精竭虑D.①牵挂②诚心诚意③望眼欲穿④费尽心机3.【病句诊所】下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（）（2分）A．近期，湖南妹子周泓余以2比1的总比分赢得第三届吴清源杯，成为首位00后女子围棋世界冠军之一。

B．“二十四节气”虽然对农事的指导作用有所减弱，但仍具有深远的文化意义，它体现了中国人尊重自然、顺应自然规律。

C．一所学校能否形成独特、健康的校园文化，对德育活动是否能有效开展起着至关重要的作用。

D．特殊的气候和复杂的地形使得四川成为我国兰花种类最多的省份，海南、广西、西藏和云南的部分地区，兰花的分布也较广泛。

2020年长沙雅礼教育集团七年级下学期期中联考语文试卷一、积累与运用（共24分）1．【字词迷宫】下列词语字音和字形全都正确的一项是（）（2分）A.①④⑧B ．①⑤⑨C ．②⑥⑦D ．③⑤⑧2．【词语擂台】下文填入横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）（2分）薄薄的雪，是不行的；总须积雪盖了地面一两天，鸟雀们久已无处觅食的时候才好。

扫开一块雪，露出地面，用一支短棒①起一面大的竹筛来，下面②些秕谷，棒上系一条长绳，人远远地③着，看鸟雀下来啄食，走到竹筛底下的时候，将绳子一④，便罩住了。

A ．①支②洒③牵④拉B ．①攀②洒③拉④收C ．①撑②放③拽④抽D ．①支②撒③牵④拉3.【病句诊断】下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）（2分）A ．秋季研学是否有收获，关键在于能跟小伙伴参加班级开展的有意义的活动。

B ．学校语文教研组开展与策划的“经典诵读”活动，有助于更多同学了解中华传统文化。

C ．通过秋季运动会，使得我们班的凝聚力空前增强。

D ．读着《秋天的怀念》，我们无不被母爱的无私和伟大感动。

4．【语段探微】下列句子，排列最恰当的一项是（）（2分）①在我们社会主义国家，一切劳动，无论是体力劳动还是脑力劳动，都值得尊重和鼓励。

②全社会都要贯彻尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造的重大方针，全社会都要以辛勤劳动为荣、以好逸恶劳为耻。

③一切创造，无论是个人创造还是集体创造，也都值得尊重和鼓励。

④任何时候任何人都不能看不起普通劳动者，都不能贪图不劳而获的生活。

⑤我们的根扎在劳动人民中。

A ．①③②⑤④B ．③①②④⑤C ．⑤①③②④D ．⑤③①④②形近字①通宵②云宵③元霄④着．落（zháo）⑤着．凉（zháo）⑥着．陆（zhuó）多音字⑦翻来复去⑧喜出忘外⑨美不胜收成语5．【文化长廊】下列有关文学与文学常识的说法正确的一项是（）（2分）A．《论语》共20篇，由孔子编写，是儒家经典之一，与《大学》《中庸》《孟子》并称为“四书”。

雅礼集团2020-2021-2学年度初三下学期期中限时检测物理一、选择题（本题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分．其中1至10题为单选，11、12题为双选，全选对得3分，只选一个且答案是对的得2分，选错不得分）1．关于声现象，下列说法中正确的是（）A．“B超”检查利用超声波传递信息B．次声波是指频率低于20000Hz的声音，人能够听到C．“闻其声而知其人”主要是根据声音响度来判断的D．凡是物体做有规律的振动所发出的声音都不属于噪声2．中华诗词蕴含着丰富的物理知识，以下诗词中有关物态变化的分析正确的是（）A．“已是悬崖百丈冰”，冰的形成是熔化现象B．“露似珍珠月似弓”，露的形成是液化现象C．“月落乌啼霜满天”，霜的形成是凝固现象D．“斜月沉沉藏海雾”，雾的形成是汽化现象3．用塑料梳子梳干燥的长头发时，头发容易被梳子“粘”起．下列现象中的“粘”，原因与其相同的是（）A．课堂上，老师把磁性黑板擦“粘”在黑板上B．两个底面平整的铅块，挤压后能“粘”在一起C．干燥的天气里，化纤布料的衣服容易“粘”灰D．用硬卡片盖住装满水的玻璃杯，倒置后卡片“粘”在杯口4．舞蹈演员站在平面镜前训练．下列说法正确的是（）A．演员靠近平面镜时，像远离平面镜B．演员在平面镜中成实像C．演员远离平面镜时，在平面镜中所成的像变小D．演员以0.5m/s的速度运动时，像也以0.5m/s的速度运动5．某物体从地面上某一点出发沿直线运动，其s−t图像如图所示．对物体的运动情况进行分析，得出结论错误的是（）A．物体在9s内运动的路程为18mB．物体在前3s内和后3s内的速度相等C．以地面为参照物，物体在中间3s内静止D．物体在9s内的平均速度为2m/s6．电磁炮是利用电磁技术制成的一种新型武器，具有速度快、命中率高等特点．其原理是利用磁场对通电导体的作用下列叙述中与此原理相同的是（）A．奥斯特发现通电导线能使小磁针偏转方向B．工厂使用大型电磁铁完成物品运输任务C．电动机接通电源正常工作D．水轮机带动线圈转动发电7．小南同学对体育比赛中的一些现象进行了分析，其中正确的是（）A．足球运动员头球攻门，是力使足球的运动状态发生改变B．皮划艇运动员用力向后划水，利用了物体间力的作用是相互的C．篮球被抛出后，在运动过程中所受重力的方向在不断变化D．跳远时助跑可以增大运动员的惯性，从而提高成绩8．如图所示，带有烘干功能的滚筒洗衣机，要求洗衣和烘干均能独立进行，下列电路设计符合要求的（）A B C D9．如图所示，是无人驾驶汽车在平直公路上匀速行驶的情景，下列说法正确的是（）A．汽车向前运动的过程中牵引力大于阻力B．汽车对地面的压力和汽车的重力是一对平衡力C．汽车的重力和地面对汽车的支持力是一对相互作用力D．汽车轮胎刻有凹凸不平的花纹是为了减小摩擦力10．如图所示，关于家庭电路和安全用电，下列说法正确的是（）A．电冰箱接入三孔插座后，能使电冰箱的金属外壳接地B．断开灯泡的开关后，用试电笔接触A点时，氖管发光C．若空气开关“跳闸”，一定是电路的总功率过大造成的D．灯和电冰箱串联在家庭电路中也可以都能正常工作11．（双选）关于温度、热量、内能的关系，下列说法正确的是（）A．物体不吸收热量，温度也可以升高B．物体的内能增大时，它的温度一定升高C．物体的温度越高，所含热量越多D．温度相同的两物体间不会发生热传递912．（双选）9如图所示，小南在做模拟“蹦极”的小实验，一根橡皮筋一端系一个小石块，另一端固定在A点．B点是橡皮筋不系小石块自然下垂时下端所在的位置，C点是小石块从A点自由释放后所能达到的最低点，关于小石块从A点到C点的运动过程，下列说法中正确的是（）A．小石块在B点时的动能最大B．从A点下落到B点的过程中，橡皮筋的弹性势能逐渐增大C．从B点下落到C点的过程中，小石块的速度先增大后减小D．小石块在C点时，橡皮筋的弹性势能最大二、填空题（本题共6小题，12空，每空2分，共24分）13．很多人喜欢将手机挂在胸前，这对身体健康很不利，因为手机发射出的_______会对心脏造成影响．教室内，小南同学在自己的座位上看不清黑板上的字，她向黑板走几步就看清了．坐在原位的小南想要看清黑板上的字，她应佩戴__________透镜制作的眼镜．14．如图，是一种“闯红灯违规证据采集器”的工作原理图．光控开关接收到红光时会自动闭合，压敏电阻受到车辆的压力时其阻值变小，电磁铁的上端为______极，电磁铁中的电流变大，导致电磁铁的磁性变________（选填“强”或“弱”）．电控照相机工作，拍摄违规车辆．第14题图第15题图第16题图15．如图所示，用弹簧测力计水平匀速拉动重为5N的木块，使它沿水平方向在10s内移动了1m，则在这个过程中木块受到的拉力与摩擦力时一对__________，重力做功为______J．16．小明用食品夹夹取面包，如图所示，食品夹属于______杠杆．要使手指捏食品夹的力小一些，手指捏食品夹的位置A应______ ______ （选填“靠近”或“远离”）支点．17．灯L和电阻R的I-U图像如图所示，由图可知：电阻R的阻值为________Ω．将灯L和电阻R并联在电压恒为2V的电路中，则该电路通电1min甲、乙消耗的总电能为__________J．18．如图所示，甲、乙两个完全相同的薄壁圆柱形容器置于水平桌面上，两容器底部用一根细管相连，开始阀门K关闭．容器底面积均为4×10−2m2，甲中盛有深度为0.4m的水，乙中放一底面积为2×10−2m2、高为0.4 m的圆柱形木块．且甲中水对容器底部的压强是木块对乙底部压强的2倍，则木块的密度为________kg/m3，打开阀门，直到水不再流动，在此过程进入乙容器中水的质量Δm水=_________ kg（g取10Nkg；ρ水=1×103kgm3）三、实验题（本题共4小题，13空，每空2分，共26分）19．学校课外兴趣小组尝试用不同的方法测量小瓷杯的质量，操作如下：（1）天平放置于水平工作台上，将____________移到零刻度线处，调节平衡螺母使横梁平衡．（2）在调节平衡螺母时，天平指针如图甲所示，这时候应___________节平衡螺母，直至指针指在分度盘中央．（3）用此天平测量小瓷杯的质量时，右盘所加砝码和游码位置如图乙所示，则小瓷杯的质量为_______g．20．小明同学在“探究串联电路电压的规律”的实验中，设计了如图甲所示的电路．连接好电路，小明顺利的完成了实验，并把数据记录在上表中．小明分析实验数据得出结论：串联电路两端的电压__________各部分电路两端电压之和．同桌小南立刻指出了小明实验方案上存在的一个不足：___________________________________．21．小南利用下图装置探咒“影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素”，图中水平放置有相同木块：甲中木块上放有一钩码：甲、乙两图的接触面是相同的木板：丙图的接触面是棉布．（1）由_________两图可以探究滑动摩擦力大小与接触面的粗糙程度关系．（2）乙图中，若在木块运动过程中拉力突然变大，滑动摩擦力的大小将_______________．（3）试评估此实验方案的不足之处是______________________________________（答出一条即可）．22．在“测量小灯泡电功率的实验中，老师给小南同学的小灯泡的额定电压为2.5V．（1）如图甲所示，请用笔画线将电路补充完整，要求滑动变阻器以最大阻值接入电路．（2）连接电路时，小南同学刚接好电路中最后一根导线，就看到小灯泡发光了，造成这一现象的原因是_____________________________________________________．（3）排除故障后，测量某组数值时电钰表示数为1.8V，小南同学想在此基础上测量小灯泡的额定功率，则应该向________（选填“左”或“右”）移动滑动变阻器滑片．当电压表示数达到要求时，电流表示数如图乙所示，则小灯泡的额定功率为___________W．（4）小明同学在用相同器材进行实验时，发现电流表损坏了，于是他向老师要了一个已知阻值的定值电阻R0和一个单刀双掷开关，利用原有器材设计了如图丙所示的电路并测出了小灯泡的额定功率．①按照图丙连接好实物电路，闭合开关S1，使开关S2接1，调节滑动变阻器，使电压表示数为U额=2.5V②保持滑动变阻器滑片位置不变，将开关S2接2，读出此时电压表示数为U1．③小灯泡的额定功率表达式为P额=________________（用已知量和测量量表示）．.四、计算题（本题共2小题，第23题6分，第24题8分，共14分）23．质量为80kg的工人利用如图滑轮组在5s内将一质量为60kg的重物A 匀速提开1m，此时该滑轮组的机械效率为80%（不讨绳重与摩擦，g取10N/kg）．求：（1）动滑轮的重力；（2）此过程中，工人对地面的压力；（3）在重物匀速上升过程中，人做功的功率．24．实验小组设计了如图所示的电路，已知电源电压不变，灯泡L标有“3V 0.3A”字样，其阻值会随温度变化，将滑动变阻器R2的滑片置于最右端，只闭合开关S1时，电压表的示数为3.8V，R1的功率为P1：只闭合开关S1，移动滑片至最左端时，电流表的示数为0.3A，R1的功率为P2；闭合开关S1和S2，移动滑片至某一位置时，电压表和电流表的示数分别为2.5V和0.4A，已知P1：P2=1：9．（1）求灯泡L的额定功率．（2）求滑动变阻器的最大阻值（3）求电源电压．（4）在有电流通过灯泡L的情况下，求灯泡的最小功率与最大功率之比为多少．雅礼集团2020-2021-2学年度初三下学期期中限时检测物理参考答案一、选择题二、填空题13．电磁波；凹14．S; 强15．平衡力；016．费力；远离17．20；4218．0.5×103kg/m3； 6kg三、实验探究题19．游码；向左；27.420．等于；一组数据不能得出普遍性结论21．乙、丙；不变；难以控制是匀速拉动木块（或不便于弹簧力计的读数）22．略；连接电路时开关未断开；右；0.75； 2.5(U1-2.5)/R0四、综合计算题23．150N; 550N; 150W24．0.9W; 38Ω; 4.5V; 1:45。

2020届长沙市雅礼中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADuring ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet.B.To warm themselves.C.To train their skills.D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.BThe idea came to him when he least expected it. Alvin Irby was at a barbershop when he saw one of his former students sitting in the shop with a bored look on his face. That’s when Irby realized that by pairing barbershops and books, he might be able to inspire young boys to read.Alvin Irby, a former kindergarten and first-grade teacher, knows how important it is for young children to read. He also knows that young boys in particular often don’t have adult male role models who inspire them to read. “Many young boys may literally never see a man reading in school during the years when they’re learning to read because there are so few male elementary school teachers,” Irby toldMashable.That’s where the barbershops come in. Four years ago, Irby launched Barbershop Books as a way to not just get books into the hands of young boys, but also to create community reading spaces in a place where kids go frequently. Since itsinceptionin 2013, the program has created kid-friendly reading spaces in 50 barbershops in 12 states throughout the United States.Irby isn’t the first person to see the connection between barbershops and books and boys. Hair stylist Courtney Holmes, launched a program a few years ago offering free haircuts to kids as long as they read to him while he cuts their hair.That’s the kind of environment that Irby wants to promote with his program. The reading spaces created by Barbershop Books help to spark an interest in books by showing kids that reading is about more than just spelling and vocabulary skills, it’s about making reading a low-stress activity that can help them relax, laugh and have fun.“Our belief is that if we can create positive reading experiences early and often for young boys, then they will choose to read for fun,” Irby noted, adding, “This is really what Barbershop Books is about, getting young boys to say three words: I’m a reader.”4. What happened to Alvin when he was at a barbershop?A. He found it easy for young people to get bored.B. He offered a barbershop to his former student.C. He thought of a way to encourage young readers.D. He realized the importance of reading for young boys.5. What is the function of Barbershop Books?A. To attract more customers who love films.B. To provide free haircuts to book lovers.C. To show the influence of reading on children.D. To create a reading environment fbr children.6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. reading is a low-stress activity that is relaxingB. Barbershop Books is only suitable for young boysC. Irby attaches great importance to school educationD. Barbershop Books can arouse (引起) young people’s interest in reading7. What does the underlined word “inception” in the 3rdparagraph mean?A. discovery.B. success.C. popularity.D. beginning.CIt's a popular belief that a fish's memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they’ve been, and they don't identify you or any of their friends--every moment intheir life would be like seeing the world for the first time.But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food.They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements.They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.In fact. scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively(挑衅地) in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past "fights".But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying tosurvivein the wild. "If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risk,"lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals.But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.8. According to the text, people commonly believe that ______.A. fish don't recognize any of their friendsB. a fish's memory lasts for only seven minutesC. fish can only remember part of their past experiencesD. fish can remember things that happened long ago9. How can fish benefit most from a good memory?A. They can remember their enemies and fight.B. They can remember where to get food and survive.C. They can remember their friends and help each other.D. They can remember where to go when in danger.10. What can we learn from the text?A. Only African cichlids have a good memory.B. African cichlids can remember things for 12 days.C. African cichlids always treat other fish aggressively.D. African cichlids don't belong to the list of smart animals.11. What is the text mainly about?A. What we can learn from fish.B. Fish having a very bad memory.C. How fish improve their memory.D. Fish being smarter than we thought.DTo Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. Ateacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It was the co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...12. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?A. His brother’s losing the job.B. His serious health problem.C. His father’s sudden death.D. His mother’s leaving the country.13. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Force.B. Direct.C. Encourage.D. Accompany.14. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?A. He wanted his brother to study further.B. His father asked him to leave school.C. He had lost interest in most lessons.D. He had to go out to find his mother.15. What will the writer mainly talk about next?A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。