客观题晨练

英语客观题晨练一、阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ALying in the sun on a rock, the cougar (美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom, before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar’s enemy lo oked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb.“Tom, no！”shouted his father.But Tom broke and ran and that’s the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid－air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted.Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar’s claws (爪子) got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled (吼叫) and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye, Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father.“Knife, Tom，”shouted Jeb.The boy ran to his father’s bag, while Jeb started shouting as well as hitting, to keep the cougar’s attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar’s back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains.The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds.61．Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?A. To get ready to fight.B. To frighten it away.C. To protect the boy.D. To cool down.62．What do we know about cougars?A. They are afraid of noises.B. They hesitate before they hit.C. They are bigger than we think.D. They like to attack running people.63．How did Jeb try to hold the cougar’s attention?A. By keeping shouting and hitting.B. By making a wall out of his arms.C. By throwing himself on the cougar.D. B y swinging his fists at the cougar’s eyes.64．Which of the following happened first?A. The cougar jumped from the rock.B. Tom struggled free of his father.C. Jeb asked Tom to get the knife.D. Jeb held Tom across his body.BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, American have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO2 beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs, today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that, nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson.65 According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___A the social movementB recycling techniquesC environmental problemsD the importance of Earth Day66 Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A The grass –roots levelB The business circleC Government officialsD University professors67 What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowestB They have settled their environmental problemsC They have lowered their CO2 levels in forty cities.D They have reduced pollution through effective measures .68. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A EducationB PlanningC Green livingD CO2 reductionCSuppose y ou become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Le t’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. Toselect volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor to an external factor. When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an importan t social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “V olunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contr ibutions can help strengthen role identity”.69. People volunteer mainly out of ______.A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs70. What can we learn from the Florida study?A. Follow-up studies should last for one year.B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C. Strategy training is a must in research.D. V olunteers are provided with concrete advice.71. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A. Individual differences in role identity.B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Practical advice from researchers.72. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to Get People to VolunteerB. How to Study Volunteer BehaviorsC. H ow to Keep V olunteers’ InterestD. How to Organize V olunteer Activities第二部分完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)请阅读下面短文, 从短文后四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。