高中英语旧词新意长难句解析学案

高考英语阅读长难句突破教学设计通过引入问题，激发学生对阅读难点的思考，为后续教学打下基础。

Step2 XXX1.Introduce XXX in the high school English exam.2.XXX。

XXX.3.XXX and difficult sentences。

XXX。

XXX smaller parts。

and XXX.设计意图】通过讲解概念、分析样例、提供技巧，让学生了解长难句的特点，并掌握分析技能。

Step3 Practice1.XXX.2.Have the students work in pairs or small XXX.3.XXX.设计意图】通过实践练，让学生巩固分析技能，并提高阅读水平。

Step4 XXX1.XXX.2.XXX.设计意图】通过总结，让学生对所学知识有更深刻的理解，并鼓励他们在以后的阅读中继续运用所学技巧。

Step5 XXX1.XXX.2.XXX.设计意图】通过延伸拓展，让学生在课外也能不断提高阅读能力。

Step 2: Warming upXXX 1: nXXX。

students XXX。

XXX with students' normal reading XXX。

in order to test their XXX。

XXX pressure and leading to lost points.XXX 2: Examples (simplifying sentences)1) We find the classroom full of students and teachers.We find the classroom full of students and teachers。

___________ (who XXX)。

non-restrictive relative clause)We find the classroom full of students and teachers。

解析高考英语长难句
一、教学设计思路
教师在教学过程中引导学生积极互动、共同发展，要处理好传授知识与培养能力的关系，注重培养学生的独立性和自主性，引导学生质疑、调查、探究，在实践中学习，促进学生在教师指导下主动地、富有个性地学习。

二、教学设计特色
1.教学立意
立足于新课程标准的要求，以培养学生自主学习，合作学习，倡导学生主动参与、乐于探究、在实践中学习。

2.教学构思
教学过程分为三大环节：提出问题，分组分题；交流研讨，引导补充；
三、教材分析
一些复杂的长难句一方面是制约考生快速理解文意、准确解题的“拦路虎”，另一方面又是彰显考生写作功底的“走秀台”，在某种程度上来说，对长难句的分析与掌握已成为区分考生成绩优劣的“分水岭”。

其实，长难句并不可怕，在正确划分句子成分的基础上，运用一定的“拆分”技巧，化繁为简、化长为短，其意立马显现。

所以，无论是从学语法的角度，还是从英语综合素养的角度，都有必要给考生补上这欠缺的一课。

四、学情分析
本节课安排在高三下的二轮复习中期，在这个阶段，经过之前的学习和联系，学生对知识的难点有了一定的实践基础，另外，定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句的复习也已经完成，本堂课在学生们自己总结的基础上给予理论上的指导，应该会取得更好的效果。

五、教学目标
使学生在阅读中具有把长难句化繁为简的能力，准确地找出句子的主干和修饰成分，能在缩写句、倒装句中提炼出句子的意思，从而准确地解答试题。

在此过程中，培养学生发现问题的能力、对知识总结并举一反三的能力、培养学生分析和解决问题的能力以及学生交流与合作的能力。

六、教学过程设计。

阅读理解专题之长难句学案1. 学习目标：①掌握一些分析长难句的基本方法；②通过真实语境的练习，掌握分析长难句的方法；③提升阅读理解方面语言输入以及语言输出的能力。

2、学习重点：帮助学生掌握一些分析长难句的基本方法。

3、学习难点：①通过真实语境的练习，掌握分析长难句的方法；②提升阅读理解方面语言输入以及语言输出的能力。

Step 1 Lead in1. 真题回顾（1）．2015（全国卷Ⅰ B Paragraph 4）Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seein g the menu, I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.27. What was the author going to that evening?A. Go to a farm.B. Check into a hotel.C. Eat in a restaurant.D. Buy fresh vegetables.（2）. 2015（全国卷Ⅰ C Paragraph 1）Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly the Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?A. Optimistic.B. ProductiveC. Generous.D. Traditional.2.方法指导：“三长两短一并列”所谓“三长”，就是构成长难句的三种较长修饰成分(即，，)；所谓“两短”，指的是镶嵌于句子之中的、会稍稍提高句子复杂度的两种较短修饰成分(即，)。

解析高考英语阅读中的长难句Time: Sept. 18.2019Designer: Xiao guoLearning contents：1.回忆三种基本句子类型2.长难句的类型及分析方法3.长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练长难句初体验：The opinion that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day is so widespread that an increasing number of people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.Section One: How is a long sentence formed?He works hard.He works hard for a company.He works hard for a company which was founded in 2002.Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002 and most of his workmates show great respect for him.Summary：1. trunk(主干部分): S.+V.+(O.)…prepositional phrases（介短）A long sentenceclauses（从句）2. modifiersnon-predicate verbs（非谓语）3. parallel structures （并列结构）(A and/or B; A, B, and/or C)长难句之朝花夕拾篇简单句并列句句子种类复合句试分析( 1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them.( 2 ) Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona.( 3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options.长难句之分门别类篇1.带有较多成分的简单句Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures . 句子主干：________________________________________________.2.含有多个从句的复合句Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say that he didn’t know that his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.3.并列和主从复合句并存I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources, our children may have to lead poorer lives. The old worker insisted that he wasn’t old and that he be sent back to the working post again.在insist 后面引导了两个并列的______从句,第一个____ 从句中使用的是_____语气，第二个_____从句中使用的是_____语气并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all co mpared to a man didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.4.含有插入语的句子这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子，比如同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。

巧解阅读理解中的长难句及真题演练英语阅读中长难句的理解一直是考查的重点，请结合课件内容分析下列句子并翻译。

如何处理长难句？英语长难句结构分析法如下：1、找谓语，定类型（根据谓语确定句子是简单句，并列句还是复合句）2、抓主干，去枝叶（抓住句子的主谓，去掉附属成分，如定语，状语等）3、寻关联，辩逻辑（注意并列句和复合句的连接词，然后分别对主从句层层分析，逐层剥离）4、看搭配，防分隔（注意插入语，同位语，后置定语会将句子的主谓宾隔开）5、注意特殊句型（省略，倒装，强调句等）高考英语长难句分析分析长难句对于提高英语阅读水平有着非常重要的作用，大家可以运用上面讲的方法好好读一读、分析分析，希望对你有帮助。

1.Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic PresidentSamaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona.2.We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area and many studentsraised money for them.3.But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a lot ofthem are still ending up on paper.4.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses whostood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.5.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme andanyone who was a lively interest in their pet, whether it be a cat,dog orsnake!6.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use ofInternet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works inan office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers startworking overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.7.I plan to remember this year's vacation season with just two words: NEVERAGAIN. Never again,that is, will I take all my technology along.8.It is your personality that determines whether people are attracted to, orshy away from you.9.If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos whereanimal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.10.The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the youngerthey become aware of them, the more likely they are to becomeresponsible, forward-planning adults who manage their financesconfidently and effectively.11.His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently enough when, as chairmanof Computer Associates International, a software company, He first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.12.Not only can we improve the personality, but also develop it in ways we previously did not understand, or believe possibl e.13.F or the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by theWorld Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.(2021全国乙）14.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no meansthe biggest source of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. (2021全国乙）15.Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush tomodernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, includingmany of its finest buildings .(2022全国甲）16.What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning iscentral to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. (2023浙江1月）17.InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact”solardevelopment, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(2023浙江1月）。

人教版英语必修三长难句分析Book3 Unit 1第一部分长难句解析1.However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.句法分析：①主干：The spirit is common in all festivals.②no matter how引导的让步状语从句③修饰成分：介词短语of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace修饰主语the spirit词块积累：all over the world世界各地，全世界尝试翻译：___________________________________________________________________ 2.Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.句法分析：①主干：Another example is Halloween.②which引导的非限制性定语从句③修饰成分：介词短语in spite of its religious origins作让步状语词块积累：in spite of 不管，不顾；尽管尝试翻译：____________________________________________________________________ 3. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.句法分析：①主干：Festivals are becoming more and more commercial②with的复合结构词块积累：take advantage of 利用尝试翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 4. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialized, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.句法分析：①主干：others believe…②although引导的让步状语从句③两个believe后面都是引导的省略了that的宾语从句词块积累：be good for 对……好尝试翻译：_______________________________________________________________________ 5. Naadam means “games” in Mongolian, and it is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!句法分析：①and连接两个并列的主句Naadam means…和it is represented…②which引导的非限制性定语从句词块积累：be represented by 由……来表示尝试翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 6. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.句法分析：①主干：the competitors danced…②after引导的时间状语从句③waving是现在分词做伴随状语④as if引导的方式状语从句词块积累：as if 仿佛，好像尝试翻译：_______________________________________________________________________ 第二部分长难句翻译1.然而,无论他们看起来有多么不同,在世界各地,分享喜悦、感恩、爱或和平的精神普遍存在于所有节日之中。

长难句翻译学案一、找出下列句子成分(主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语，同位语) She smiled.I love you.I give you my heart.Mark makes me happy.You are wonderful.Mark, my student, makes me happy.Mark made me happy yesterday .Funny Mark made me crazy .二、谓语(do/does/did, be done, has/have done, 情态V.+do, 助动词+do, 动词短语)和非谓语(doing, done, to do, done/adj,+介词)。

真题例句：找出下列句子的谓语，然后定主语1. （2022 全国乙卷）By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing highervalue services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. （实义动词做谓语）2.（2022 全国乙卷）A special low entrance charge of f 2 per person is available to all in fulltime education.(系动词作谓语)三、后置定语(定语从句，非谓语短语，介词短语)找谓语，定主语，括出修饰名词的后置定语，并翻译句子。

1. （2022 新高考全国卷II ）Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.2.（2020全国乙卷）To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.3.（2022 全国乙卷）With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fastmoving trains would be able to react in time.四、三大句子类型(简单句，并列句，主从复合句)练一练：①找谓语, 定主语②判断句子类型(简单句，并列句，主从复合句)③并填写空格(介冠连代)④翻译句子1.(2023全国II卷) It's been an honor to watch the panda develop to see the panda settle into their home.2.(2023全国乙卷) It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work,somehow these two different worlds make a good bination.3.(2022全国I卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.五、真题练习：1.( 2022 新课标全国I卷) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to plete short inclass writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class, lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class.2.（高考复现2021浙江卷) Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand plex information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to municate messages.3.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖)(22年乙卷D篇）Why was the sugar tax introduced?A. To collect money for schools.B. To improve the quality of drinks.C. To protect children’s health.D. To encourage research in education.4.The creative team behind "Apes" used motioncapture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor’s performance and later processes it with puter graphics(绘画) to create a final image (图像).What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? （20全国Ⅲ卷B篇）A. The cost of making "Apes."B. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity about “Apes."D. The performance of real apes.六、作业：完成仿真练习三的四篇阅读和语法填空。

长难句分析学案2023.3第一节句子的基本特征一、简单句基本句型1.All of us laughed.2.The telephone rang.3.We all breathe, drink and eat.4.I missed my grandma.5.He is watching TV.6.You can sing the song.7.I am a teacher.8.The plan sounds perfect.9.This material feels soft.10.She made herself a new dress.11.My mother bought me a dictionary.12.Please show me your ticket.13.The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.14.We have proved him wrong.15.What make you think so.16..He found the child fast asleep.17.You should keep the room clean and tidy.18.He likes to watch the boys playing basketball.19.We hear her sing next door.二、并列句、复合句的区别1. I like dancing, and my brother likes singing.2. Bill can speak English, but he can‘t speak Chinese.3. Hurry up, or you will be late.4. He got up late, so he missed the bus.5. It rained heavily but we got home after all.6. I got up and rushed out.7. What really matters is your attitude.8. I know that the sky is blue.9. This is the place that I visited yesterday.10. If it rains, I’ll stay at home.11. The news that the star will visit our village is spreading quickly.12. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.三、句子分析方法：结构分析法----通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。

1长难句 (导学案)Step 1. Lead in简单句(simple sentence): 并列句(compound sentence): 1.基本句型 复合句(complex sentence):并列主从复合句(Compound -complex sentence)：①____________________________________②____________________________________2.简单句的五个基本句型 ③____________________________________④____________________________________⑤____________________________________3. Match① The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.② I’m interested in robots and I believe we can invent better robots for the benefit of people, so long as we continue to make efforts.③ He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.④ We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.由从属连词所引导的句子叫作____________，而含有从句的句子叫作________________ 两个或两个以上的简单句由_________________ 连接起来既包括___________________，又含有___________________。

只包含_______________________的句子A.Simple sentenceB. complex sentenceC. compound sentenceD. compound-complex sentenceStep 2. Presentation一、长难句题型解读1.长难句是对学生造成阅读困难的长句、难句或既长又难的句子，通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。

Grammatical Structures相关知识准备（本节中会出现的术语）Apposition(同位语), Preposition(介词), Non-infinitive(非谓语动词)，comma(逗号)，dash(破折号)，Attributive clause, Adverbial clause, Noun clause, Conjunctive word(连词), Guide word(引导词), Relative word(关系词), Subordinating Conjunction(从属连词)，Coordinating Conjunction(并列连词), members of the sentences(句子成分).I.Lead-inA Questionnaire1.You believe English is important for you.Yes. No.2. Which do you think is much more difficult for you when learning English? Vocabulary.Complicated sentences.II.Learning to learnplicated Simple SentencesThe girl, Mia, is walking, with a piece of paper in her hand, searching for some place.,Mia, => 同位语（- Mia- ）With a piece of paper in her hand =>介词短语searching for some place => 非谓语（to do, doing, done）A check:Mia, a 15-year-old girl in the USA, raised by a single mom, finds herself the princess of Genovia ─a small European country in surprise.2. Compound sentences 并列句(True or False)1) They meet for the second time, but they feel a little embarrassed.2) Mia’s father was a prince and she has ever known it before.3) The news is surprising and Mia can not accept it at first.4) Mia is happy while Clarisse is disappointed.5) Mia is the only heir(继承人) or Clarisse may not urge her to be theprincess.plex sentences复合句Because her father, who is unknown to her,was the prince of Genovia and has died, Mia has to decide whether she continues the life of an ordinary teen or lives as a princess.Subordinating conjunctions（从属连词）In Adverbial Clauses状从: Before, after, when, while, as, since, until, till, if, unless, in case, in order that, so that, because, as, since, so/such…that, although, though, even though/if, whether, as if/though, where….In Attributive Clauses定从:Which, that, who, whom, whose, when, where, why…In Noun Clauses名从:What , that, whether, if, how, which, when, why, where.Make a judgment:Because her father, who is unknown to her,was the prince of Genovia and has died, Mia has to decide whether she continues the life of an ordinary teen or lives as a princess.Adverbial clause（状从）, Attributive clause（定从），Noun Clauses(名从)Exercise:Although Clarisse is Mia’s grandma, they have never seen each otherbefore. she is eager to meet Mia because she decides to tell hersomething about Mia’s father, who is unknown to Mia a nd was aprince. It means that Mia may need to live in Genovia, which makesher shocked.III. Summarize the rules.Rules:When meeting a sentence, first we should make a judgment.IV. Contrary thinking逆向思维Join the parts according to the rules of grammatical structures.Mia is a girl. She learns that she is the princess of Genovia.The girl, Mia, learns that she is the princess of Genovia.Students learn to describe a person with grammatical structures.V. DiscussionMy voice—our attitude to difficulty.VI. HomeworkWrite a self-introduction with grammatical structures.。

新人教版必修一课文长难句分析学案B1U01.I like to write about what I read or hear in English._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________【解析】本句考点：宾语从句。

句意为：我喜欢写我听到的或读到的英语。

2.If I’m not in class, I’m either in the library or in the computer lab._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________【解析】本句考点：if引导的状语从句句意为：如果我没上课，我要么在图书馆要么在计算机房。

3. I use dictionaries to check for new words._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________【解析】本句考点：to do 不定式表目的句意为：我用字典来查新词。

长难句学案基础●句子种类简单句Simple Sentences: 仅一个主谓结构并列句pound Sentences: 并列连词连接句子和句子（and, but, so，while，or……)复合句plex Sentences: 从属连词连接从句和主句（状从，定从，名从）（when, if, because,which,who,that, where,what, why,how……)并列复合句poundplex Sentences: 有并列连词和从属连词●长难句到底难在哪里？（1）中心词加了较多修饰语，后置的定语给理解带来较大困难。

（2）简单句加了较多修饰语，尤其是非谓语动词，含义丰富，形式灵活。

（3）含有三大从句的复合句。

(名，定，状从)（4）并列成分、对等结构的存在。

（5）同位语、插入语的运用。

（6）特殊句式的使用：倒装、强调句型和省略。

●如何分析长难句？1.划出句子主干谓语动词有什么特点2. 括起修饰成分拨开枝叶减少干扰3. 圈出句中连词根据连词确定从句类型4. 理顺逻辑读懂句意注意英汉差异：后置定语●谓语动词有什么特点？___________________________________________________________________________________________________想一想，哪些形式一看就是谓语动词？___________________________________________________________________________________________________1.括从句时：以引导词开头，从句含主谓系统，结束标志有①______ ②______ ③主句的谓语动词。

从句可以省略连接词的情况：______从句以及_____从句。

2.括非谓语动词短语时：以ving或ved开头，结束标志有①________ ②_______ ③谓语动词。

阅读理解之长难句分析✓请找出以下句子的主干That that that that boy wrote on the blackboard is wrong.本句主干是：✓长难句分析三步走：➢Step1 去繁存简抓主干认清“”，找到主干。

➢Step2 按照顺序译意群运用词汇及语法知识,借助连接词/引导词等将长句分解成若干意群并直译➢Step3 调整语序明句意合理调整语序，使句意表达通顺✓请在以下句子中做出标记，找出主干并翻译①【2023年全国乙卷阅读理解C篇】Even though Britain has a reputation for lessthanimpressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.是什么让这个句子难以理解？本句主干是：翻译：②【2022新课标Ⅰ卷阅读理解D篇】They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals(唇音）, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth本句主干是：翻译：Practice【2023新课标Ⅰ卷·B篇】A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.本句主干是：翻译：【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·D篇)】The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.本句主干是：翻译：高考真题链接【2023年全国乙卷32】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.Ⅰ What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. How past events should be presented.B. What humanity is concerned about.C. Whether facts speak louder than words.D. Why written language is reliable.Homework【2022年新课标Ⅰ卷·D篇】This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved(进化) around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a plex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A.It is key to effective munication.B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.C.It is a plex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.✓请在以下句子中做出标记，找出主干并翻译【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·C篇)】The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.本句主干是：本句翻译是：【2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·C篇)】In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.本句主干是：翻译：。

阅读难点突破---长难句句意理解学案方法一结构分析法1. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage in dangerous and risky behavior.”2. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.3. Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.4. If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.5. Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.6. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.7. We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status.方法二根据句际关系理解句意A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.”方法三关键词语阅读法Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun,sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence (发生率) faster than any other cancer in the United States.方法四关注语境，联系上下文While it’s true that a plant-based meat alternative is processed and it’s true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, it’s best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt.For instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary.方法五意群阅读法Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt---a mistake of 75% of the US population make every day.课后练习：根据课上所学方法，理解句意1. In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale(耶鲁)，and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.2. If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.3. In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations, including UNESCO and National Geographic, have for many years been recording dying languages and the culture which they reflect.4. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.5. His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International, a software company, he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.6. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.7. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident.8. This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation.9. For example, if you’re with a friend who looks sad, you might “try on” that sad face yourself without realizing you’re doing so. In “trying on” your friend’s expression, it helps you to recognize what they’re feeling by associating it with times in the past when you made that expression.10. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.课后练习答案1. In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale(耶鲁)，and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.and ,but连接的两个简单句组成的并列句句意：在1970年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有一个非常棒的妻子和五个漂亮的孩子，但他特别不快乐。

高中英语阅读中长难句的突破一眼看主句（五看三不看）五看 1. 主谓Internet dating hurts.2.主谓宾I love Internet.3.主系表I am a webaholic.4.主谓宾宾I give him my computer.5.主谓宾宾补I elected John chairman三不看：1.介词结构(PP+N)2.从句(that, what, which, when, where, although, if)3.非谓语动词(doing, done, to do)(一)1. PP+N不看（将下列句子中介词结构划掉）e.g.1The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artistand his powerful personality with an exhibition.e.g.2At first his parents, like many other parents of disabled children in Niger, did not want to send him to school.2. 从句不看（将下列句子中的从句及介词短语划掉）e.g.1Tilly Smith, who was called “Angel of the Beach”, saved 100 tourists from a Thaibeach which was hit by a tsunami on Dec.26 2004.e.g.2A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreementthat he would pay her some money every year until her death.e.g.3Partnerships that appeared to be perfect from the outside, such as the “dream team”of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise, where background and aspirations(抱负) are often shared,did not necessarily lead to happiness.3. 非谓语不看（将下列句子中的非谓语、从句及介词短语划掉）e.g.1Also in Number, Deepavali, known as “Diwali” or the “Festival of Lights”, isSri Lanka’s main religious festival, celebrated throughout the country.e.g.2She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goalof demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.（二）Practice:找出下列句子的核心谓语动词1. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas.2. After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer,he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871.3. For example, some people who live in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share itamong family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13.（三）实战演练：（安徽卷）72. According to the passage, sharing bread ______A. indicates a lack of foodB. can help to develop unityC. is a custom unique to rural areasD. has its roots in birthday celebrations原文：Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion(时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness.（全国1卷）27. What was the author going to do that evening?A. Go to a farm.B. Check into a hotel.C. Eat in a restaurant.D. Buy fresh vegetables.原文：Although I was delighted by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the SarasotaRitz Carlton. I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knewI’d be ordering every tomato on it.（浙江卷）52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to ______.A. provide examples of animal protectionB. show how light pollution affects animalsC. compare the living habits of both speciesD. explain why the number of certain species has declined原文：Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal(夜间的) light levels that are as much asa million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of jointincluding most other creatures.（五）Homework阅读理解：There are some strange driving laws in different countries．Russia：In Moscow，if your car is dirty enough to draw dust art，you will be fined about 2，000 rubles （about US﹩55）．Worse yet，it's illegal to wash your car by hand in public places-forcing you to take it to one of the few car wash facilities．Japan：Politeness isn't just the culture in Japan；it's part of driving laws．Splashing a person by driving through a puddle（水坑）with your car will cost you over US﹩60．The country is also strict with its DUI（酒驾）laws-riding with or lending your car to a driver who gets caught drinking and driving can lead to a fine costing thousands of dollars．France：France requires its drivers to carry a portable breathalyzer（酒精测量仪）at all times when driving a car．The one-time breathalyzer costs around US﹩5，and if you don't have one，you will be fined US﹩15．Cyprus：Raising your hands in the car can get you fined of US﹩35．The law states a driver can be fined if the person is in an irregular position inside the car or raises his hand from the steering wheel unnecessarily．1.If you are fined thousands of dollars in Japan，you may have been ______ ．A. in an irregular position in your car．B. sitting in a car with a drunk driver．C. splashing a person with mud．D. impolite to other drivers．2.What can get you fined for in Cyprus？______A.Forgetting to carry a portable breathalyzer．B.Not having a Cyprus driver's license．C.Putting your hands above your head when you are driving．D.Driving without a shirt．3.This text can most likely be found in ______ ．A.a law documentB.a fashion magazineC.an international newspaperD.a column on interesting cultures．。