译林版8B语法专练 (1)

译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习译林版牛津英语8B语法点复习Unit 1 Present and past现在完成时（1）一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由“助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。

它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。

例句：He has already finished his homework.他已经做完作业了。

He hasn't finished his homework yet.他还没有做完作业。

---Has he finished his homework yet?他已经做完作业了吗？---Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.是的，做完了。

/不，还没有。

二、现在完成时的用法①表曩昔发生的某一动尴尬刁难目前酿成的影响或成效。

---Would you like some bread?你想要一些面包吗？---No, thanks. I have had my breakfast.不，感谢，我曾吃过早餐了。

（对现在的影响：不饿）---Why don't you drive to your office?你为甚么不开车去办公室啊？---Because my car has broken.因为我的车坏了。

（对目前的影响：车没举措开了）①表示从过去开始一直持续到现在,也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。

He has studied English for 6 years.他已经研究英语六年了。

Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.自从从杭州回来，玛丽一直在忙。

3、常和目前完成时连用的工夫状语①用副词already和yet。

already一般用于一定句中，yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

牛津译林版8B期初英语语法练习1.What a pity! The radio says tomorrow will be another (rain) day.2. The teacher asked me to speak (clear) so that everyone can understand me.3.Whose picture is (beautiful)，Li Lei's or Wang Tao's?4.They saw the accident (happen) at this time yesterday.5.―Did you see Mr Lin come in just now?,―Sorry, I (look) for my book at the moment.6. (make) sure that there are no mistakes, or you ‘ll have to do it again.7.I agree that English is (important) foreign languages in the world.8. ---What’s the __________ (high) of your teaching building？---More than 20 meters.9. Do you think Mary is (good) girl in our class?10. How (excite) we are to have water fights with our friends!11. I wish I could be a bird some day, flying (free) in the clear blue sky.12. Your mother was ill last week Is she getting (well) now?13.--- Do you know the (climb) names?--- I don’t know them.14. Don't be (worry) about your English study. We'll help you.15.It seems (use) to do a lot of exercises without thinking about them carefully.16. He felt much (health) after exercising for a long time.17.—Did you see a man in black pass by just now?—Sorry sir. I (repair)my car and didn't notice that.18.While the students (study) carefully, their teacher walked into the classroom quietly.19. Tom is always (care), but he didn't make many mistakes in the last exam.20. The food is much ( taste) than I thought.21. I heard them (chat) on the phone when I walked past their bedroom.22. Of all the sports, my brother likes football (little).24. The ____________(die) mother tried her best to protect her baby from the fire.25.—I called you last night, but nobody answered.—S orry, I (count) my new books and I didn’t hear it.26.One can get (lose) easily in big cities like Shanghai.27.In the past, some poor people even __________(sell) their children for some food.28. Our teacher told us everything (weigh) more on the earth than on the moon.29.One English word may have different _(mean).30.―Can you give me the right answer.―Sorry, I (not hear) what you said just now.31. Look! Some (mouse) are eating rice over there.32. The old man is looking at his dying wife . ( sad)33. The school art festival is coming.The students each (prepare) for it at present.34. (find) his way out, he tried to pull himself through the dark.35.We should prevent hunters ________(hunt) tigers for their fur and bones.36. Simon is looking forward to (hear) from his new penfriend.37. It’s ___________ (true)possible that most of us can go to our ideal school. (true)38.My goes to the country to see her grandparents (two)a month.39.We need to protect the pandas and other animals in (dangerous).40. He hopes (win) the first prize again in the coming Olympic Games.41.Now more and more people in the city prefer to enjoy (they)in the countryside.43.The old woman is (terrible) ill. We must send her to hospital at once.44. Flood ,typhoon ,snowstorm and fire are all (nature) disasters.45. All of us hope you (try) your best to learn English well this term.46.We can't decide when we (travel)around the world, because it is a sweet dream.47. My brother jumps (far) than the others.48. We should take action to protect them instead of (kill) them for their meat.49. I can put away my things. You can put away __________(she) now..50.My mother says a good ______________（begin）is half done.。

8B Unit 1过关练习一、单词：1.目前2.自…以来3.曾经4.北方的5.结婚（形、名）6.妻子（复）7.街区8.在..期间9.污染（名、形） 10.工厂 11.废料 12.意识到13.改善（动、名） 14.形势 15.不可能的 16.以前17.孤独的；独自 18.尽管 19.丈夫 20.采访(面试官、面试者) 21.近来 22.环境 23.状况、条件 24.到国外25.小学教育的 26.交流（动、名） 27.正是 28. 狭窄的二、词组：1.曾经对我多么友好2. 就上世纪北京的变化做一个历史课题3.过去和现在4. 乘公交车去市区5. 使交流更加的容易6.在城镇的北部结婚7. 简单且快捷的8. 已经提高了生活条件9.搬到了两个街区以外的另一所公寓 10. 通过相互交流来保持联系11.出国深造 12. 把镇中心的一部分变成一个新的公园13.习惯于采访他/她 14. 觉得有点紧张和兴奋15.不同时期的不同形式的交通工具 16. 某人的一生17.在某种程度上18. 干净而清新的空气19. 在某人空闲的时候 20. 独居在一座偏远的城市三、句子：1. 你过去常常和我一起分享食物的。

2. 那时在公共汽车上总是有太多人，等候下一班车要用很长时间。

3. ---您很了解阳光城吗？---我很了解。

(2种)4. 她过去常一个人住，但现在因为她有时候觉得孤单，她不习惯一个人住了。

5. 然而，我的大多数老朋友都搬走了。

6. 后来，政府意识到了这个问题，并积极地采取了措施来改善这个情况。

7. 自从那时，很多家庭已经拥有自己的车和电脑来享受一个舒服的生活。

8. 当地政府已经在空旷的地方建立了许多高楼和一个火车站。

9. 在过去的几年里我们的家乡已发生了翻天覆地的变化。

（3种）10. 她刚从美国回来，你能邀请她做个美国的介绍吗？11．钢铁厂曾经把废弃物排放到这条河里。

12. 像以前一样经常见到彼此是不可能的了。

13. 不管怎么样，能看到小镇这些令人惊叹的变化，总是好的。

8BU1语法——现在完成时一、现在完成时的用法用法1：表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。

Eddie has eaten my food. Eddie吃了我的食物。

用法2：表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。

He has lived here since 1995. 自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿。

用法3：表示到现在为止，某一个动作发生了多少次I have already read this book many times so far.(到现在为止，我已经读过这本书许多次了)二、现在完成时的句式1.构成助动词has/have +动词的过去分词陈述句They have finished their homework.He has finished his homework.否定句They haven’t finished their homework.He hasn’t finished his homework.一般疑问句Have they finished their homework?Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.2.动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词的构成1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如：work→worked listen→listened jump→jumped visit→visited2.在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如：close→closed like→liked agree→agreed move→moved3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed；例如：study→studied carry→carried try→triedworry→worried4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed；例如：stop→stopped drop→dropped不规则动词的过去分词的构成1. 有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如：put→put hurt→hurt become→become run→run 2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如：sit→sat win→won hold→held3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如：lend→lent spend→spent send→sent4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如：keep→kept sleep→slept5. 过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如：teach→taught buy→bought6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如：say→said pay→paid7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如：give→given eat→eaten三、现在完成时的时间状语already(用于肯定句), yet(用于否定句和疑问句), since+一点时间, for+一段时间, never, ever, three times(其它表示频率的词, once, twice等)before, recently, in the past/last few years, so far, this month, today, now知识点1：already与yet用法区别already 用于肯定句，一般放在助动词与过去分词之间。

I.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Where is my pen? How strange! It (be) here a moment ago.2.Look! The children (plant) flowers in the garden.3.He (give) the book back to you if he (finish) reading it tomorrow.4.Mr Dong often (meet) up with his friends in the new park.5.I (know) the place for many years.II. 单项选择题( )1. My parents Shandong for ten years.A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been( )2. Li Hong has the army for 2 years.A. joinedB. be inC. been inD. joined in( )3. Tom the CD player for two weeks.A. has lentB. has borrowedC. has boughtD. has had ( )4. ----Where is Li Lei? ----He Shanghai.A. has gone toB. has been toC. went toD. goes to( )5. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer for a year.A. has leftB. has goneC. has been awayD. has gone away III. 按要求改写句子1.I’ve read this book.(改为一般疑问句)you this book?2.He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句)He his homework .3.They have lived here for three years.(改为同义句)They have lived here .4.Have you repaired your bike?(作否定回答), I .IV. 翻译下列句子1.你看过那部电影了吗？2.他们已经搬到另一个镇上去了。

译林版牛津英语8B 全册八单元知识点总结+单元测试卷及答案8B Unit 1 Past and present单元重点知识点总览1. past和present的用法past作名词、形容和介词的用法present作形容词和名词的用法2.just的用法just与现在完成时连用just和just now的用法区别ed to do sth. “过去常常做某事”be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”be used to do/for sth. “被用来做某事”4. share 的用法：share sth. with sb.“与某人共享某物”。

5. take+a/the+交通工具，by+交通工具，in/on+交通工具6. too many, too much, much too的用法比较7. take表示“花费”的用法：It takes/took (sb). some time to do sth.8. wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”wait to do sth.“等待做某事”can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”9. interview sb. “采访某人”；have an interview with sb. “采访某人”10. since的用法现在完成时+since+一般过去时It has been/is+时间段+since+一般过去时”11. move to some place“搬往某地”。

12.表示东西南北的方位名词加上“ern”构成形容词。

13. marry的用法marry sb.get marriedbe marriedbe/get married to sb.14.turn……into“把……变成……”，turn into“变成”。

turn的用法拓展① turn表示“转动、翻转”② turn作系动词③ turn表示“轮流，依次”，take turns to do sth.“轮流做某事”。

8BUnit1-3现在完成时语法（完整讲解）和练习（含答案）一、现在完成时讲解8BUnit1语法1. 构成：have / has + 动词过去分词2. 意义1）过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

She has lived here since she was born.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years. (注意：动词必须为延续性动词)2）发生在过去，对现在有影响的动作。

I have lost my key, so I can’t get into my house.Who has cleaned the window? It’s really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won’t see it tonigh t.3）到目前为止，事情发生的次数。

I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?★现在完成时的不同句式：1) She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.→Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.→She hasn’t lived in Wuxi since 2002.→How long has she lived in Wuxi?2) They have been to Shanghai three times.→Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.→They haven’t been to Shanghai three times.→How many times have they been to Shanghai?3.完成时常和以下时间状语连用：1)already 已经肯定句/ 特殊疑问句yet 还，仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already.句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasn’t finished her homework yet. 句末2) ever 曾经肯定句/ 一般疑问句never 从未否定句I have ever seen the film. （肯定句）Have you ever seen this film? （一般疑问句）I have never seen the film. （否定句）3) since 自从+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间（表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态）我爸爸在这住了二十年了。

8B Unit1-3 现在完成时专练一、单选1. - When did you study in Japan? ---- _______ .A. Two years beforeB. For two yearsC. Two years agoD. Since two years ago2. Simon _____ up yet because he ______ to bed very late last night.A. didn't get; wentB. hasn't got; has goneC. doesn't get; wentD. hasn't got; went3. I have ______ heard of the surprising news.A. just nowB. justC. nowD. yet4. - Look! Someone ______ the icebox back to the corner.--- Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it.A. has movedB. is movingC. was movingD. will move5. Mr Green has worked in Shanghai since his family _____ to China three years ago.A. movedB. moveC. movesD. has moved6. I have lived here _______ I was born.A. beforeB. whenC. forD. since7. I haven't seen Jack for three days. Is he ill?--- _______ . His mother told me that he was in hospital.A. I am afraid soB. I hope notC. I hope soD. I am afraid not8. - Why are you worried?----I'm expect in g（盼望）a call from my daughter. She ____ N ew York for three days.A. has gone toB. has been toC. has been inD. has come in9. Why don'tyou see the film this evening? Because I __________ it already.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. sees10. I _______ to Canada many times. I'st very beautiful.A. have goneB. won'tgoC. have beenD. don'tgo11. Mr Smith, together with his two sons, ____________ Shanghai for about five months.A. has leftB. have leftC. have been away fromD. has been away from12. The football match _______ for an hour, but we are still very excited.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been overD. has over13. She _____ the book ______ two days ago.A. has borrowed; sinceB. has kept; sinceC. kept; forD. borrowed; for14. -- ________ has your grandpa lived here? --- Since last year.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soonD.How far15. My father _______ to South Hill. He _______ there for five years.A. has gone; has beenB. has been; has goneC. has gone; has goneD. has been; has been16. John has _____ the Birdwatching Club for two months.A. joinedB. been a member ofC. take part inD. joined in17. They will go to Hainan this winter, but they _______ when to leave yet.A. didn 't decideB. won 't decidedC. have decidedD. haven 't decided18. Amy, can we give away these soft toys? We ______ them for many years.--- M om, but I want to keep the bear.A. boughtB. hadC. have boughtD. have had19. -- W ill you watch the programme Running Man on Zhejiang Star-TV tonight?--- Y es, of course. It ______ one of the most popular shows since last October.A. wasB. becameC. has beenD. has become20. -- H ow long has Robert ________ ? --- Since 2014.A. been to BeijingB. become a policemanC. joined the Art ClubD. studied in this school21. The lonely woman _____ Shanghai since her husband ________ in 1990.A. has gone to; diedB. has left; diedC. has been in; diedD. has been to; has died22. -- H e has never been to Hong Kong before, has he?--- ______ . It 's the third time he has been there.A. Yes, he hasB. Yes, he has 'ntC. No, he hasn 'tD. No, he has23. The man ______ Shanghai an hour ago, so he ______ for an hour.D. has left; left town _______ for two weeks, but I ________B. has been open; haven 't beenD. has opened; haven 't been ?---- For about an hour, yes, it finished an hourago.A. has; been overB. has; finishedC. did; overD. has; ended26. More than 20 people ______ in traffic accidents _______ last May.A. have been dead; sinceB. die; forC. have died; forD. have been dead; for27. I _____ to learn English 5 years ago. I _____ over 1,000 English words since then.A. have begun; have learnedB. began; learnedC. began; have learnedD. have begun; learned28. There _____ great changes in our hometown in the past few years.A. has beenB. have beenC. wasD. were29. Mr. Smith ______ in Nanjing since he ______ to China years ago.A. worked; has movedB. has worked; has movedC. has worked; movedD. was working; moved30. How long has he worked on the farm? ___________ .A. Two years agoB. For two years agoC. Since two yearsD. Since two years ago31. When ______ your cousin ______ his hometown?---- He _______ for nearly two years.A. has; left; has leftB. did; leave; has leftC. did; leave; has been awayD. has; left; has been away32. - When _______ you _____ ?A. has left; has leftB. left; has leftC. left; has been away24. The new supermarket in our there yet.A. has opened; haven 't gone C. has been open; haven 't gone 25. --- How long ______ the film __---- I ______ for two months.A. did; get married; have got marriedB. have; got married; got marriedC. have; been married; have got marriedD. did; get married; have been married二、翻译句子1. 这本书我已经借了几天了。

8B U1 随堂练习Welcome to the unit随堂练习1. _______2. _______3. _______4. _______5._______ B．单项选择。

( )1. -_______ is my bike? It was under the tree five minutes ago.A. HowB. WhatC. WhereD. How long( )2. - Why don't you want to see the dolphin show?- Because I_______ it before.A. seeB. sawC. will seeD. have seen( )3. - Have you just_______ an apple? - Yes, I have.A. eatB. eatsC. ateD. eaten( )4. I_______ eat snacks before.A. am used toB. used toC. use toD. using to( )5. I was tired_______ I walked a long way.A. so .B. becauseC. butD. howeverC．汉译英。

1．你看到我的英语书了吗？_______ you _______my English book?2．我迟到是因为我起床太迟了。

I was late_______ I________ ______too late.3．我常和他合打一把伞。

I often _______one_______ _______him.4．你能告诉我北京在过去一百年中的变化吗？Can you tell me the_______ in Beijing_______ _______ _______ _______ years? 5．在英语课上我过去常说汉语，但现在我习惯于说英语了。

牛津译林版8B Unit1 Grammar 课堂练习一.用since和for填空1. for two years2. since two years ago3. since last month4, since 1999 5. since yesterday 6. since 4 o'clock7. for 4 hours 8. since an hour ago 9. since lunch time10. since she left here 11. for two months12. He has lived in Nanjing since the year before last.13. I’ve known him since we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese for three years.15. She has been away from the city for about ten years.16. It's about ten years since she left the city.二.根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空01. - Have you ever been (be) to Singapore?-Yes , I went (go)there with my parents last year.2. My father has gone (go) to Shanghai on business. He will come back next week3. It seems that Sam hasn't come (not come) back yet.4. -How long has ZhangHua taught (teach)in our school?-For five years.5. -How many English films have you seen (see)so far? –Only one.6. -How long have you been (come) here?- For 2 days.7.Xiao Li promised to chat with me on the Internet, but so far he hasn't done (not do) so.8.Yesterday I received (receive) a letter from my pen friend in America.9. I hope your family will enjoy (enjoy)the sunshine and beaches in Sanya next week.10.I think you should spend enough time to read (read) English after class.11.Since last August, the old lady has had (have) bad headaches three to four times a month.12. —Is everyone here?—No,sir. Jim hasn’t arrived (arrive ) yet. He is still on the way.13. -Have you seen (see) the film before? — Yes, I have.三、单项选择1. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ________ what's happened to him .A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD.will know2. Have you met Mr Li_____________ ?A. justB. agoC.beforeD. a moment ago3. The famous writer ______________one new book in the past two years .A. is writingB.was writingC.wroteD.has written4.一Our country__________ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ________.A.has changed ; wellB.changed ; goodC.has changed ; betterD.changed ; better5.Zhao Lan _________ already_____________ in this school for two years .A. was studyingB. will; studyC. has ; studiedD. are ; studying6.Harry Potter is a very nice film .I _________it twice .A.will seeB.have seenC.sawD.see7.His father _________________ the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in8.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We________ friends since ten years ago .A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made9.Hurry up! The play____________ for ten minutes .A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began10. It _____________ ten years since he left the army .A. isB. hasC. willD. was1 l. My parents _____________ Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been12.The students have cleaned the classroom,_______________?A. so theyB. don't theyC. have theyD. haven't they13. ________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ____to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived 答案：1-5 BCDCC 6-10 BDBCA 11-13 ADC四、阅读理解A We have only one child —a daughter. She often feels lonely at home. But things have changed a lot since last month. We bought our two-year-old daughter a little dog last month. There were few children near our house,and we thought a dog could keep her occupiedWe were right. They play together happily. Our daughter now laughs a lot more than before. In a way,they look like two children in the house. Both of them are playful,but cry when they do not get what they want. The dog is easier to look after than my daughter—he always eats all his food up and we don t have lots of dirty clothes to wash. I have given up smoking,because of my daughter and the dog. My wife is also pleased. We all like the dog.( ) 1. The writer bought his daughter a dog because his daughter.A. had few friendsB. had a few friends to play withC. liked a little dogD. wanted another child to play with( ) 2. How does the writer know that his daughter is happy with the dog?A. S he sometimes laughs.B. She wasn’t alone any longer,C. She often plays with the dog.D. She laughs more than before.( ) 3. The dog is easy to look after because.A. it doesn’t cry as often ?.s his little daughterB. it is not very dirtyC. ther e’s no need to wash clothes for itD. it eats more quickly than his daughter( ) 4. The writer has stopped smoking for .A. making his wife happyB. his daughter’s healthC. making the room niceD. keeping the dog bored( ) 5. From the story,we know that the writer .A. likes the dog better than his daughterB. likes to have two children in the houseC. wants to make his daughter happyD. wants to make his wife happy 答案：1-5 ADCBC。