ansys帮助指南

ANSYS流体流动场分析指南流体流动场分析是一种在工程领域中广泛应用的数值模拟方法，它可以帮助工程师了解和预测流体在给定几何结构中的行为。

ANSYS是一种流体流动场分析软件，它提供了各种工具和功能，使工程师能够进行高质量的流体流动场分析。

本指南将介绍ANSYS流体流动场分析的一般步骤和技巧，以帮助初学者有效地进行流体流动场分析。

1.准备工作在进行流体流动场分析之前，需要进行一些准备工作。

首先，需要准备好几何模型，包括流体流动区域和周围环境的几何形状。

其次，需要根据实际情况选择合适的流体模型，例如是液体还是气体，以及流体的物理特性，如密度、黏度等。

最后，需要准备好边界条件，包括入口速度、出口压力等。

2.创建模型在ANSYS中创建模型是流体流动场分析的第一步。

可以使用ANSYS提供的几何建模工具创建几何结构，也可以导入其他CAD软件创建的几何模型。

在创建模型时，需要确保流动区域的几何结构合理且尽可能简化，以便提高计算效率。

3.网格划分在进行流体流动场分析之前，需要将几何结构划分为离散的网格。

合理的网格划分对于准确和有效地求解流体流动方程非常重要。

ANSYS提供了各种网格划分工具，如自动网格划分和手动网格划分工具。

在进行网格划分时，需要注意网格的稳定性和精度，以及网格重构的技巧。

4.设置边界条件在进行流体流动场分析之前，需要设置边界条件。

边界条件包括入口速度、出口压力、壁面条件等。

设置合适的边界条件对于准确模拟实际流体流动行为非常重要。

在设置边界条件时，需要根据实际情况并考虑流体流动方程的边界条件。

5.定义物理模型在进行流体流动场分析之前，需要定义物理模型。

物理模型包括流体的物理特性，如密度、黏度等，以及流体流动的物理现象，如湍流、热传导等。

在定义物理模型时，需要根据实际情况选择合适的模型，并根据流体流动行为进行合理的假设。

6.求解流动方程在进行流体流动场分析之前，需要求解流动方程。

流动方程描述了流体在给定几何结构中的流动行为。

Beam3二维弹性单元特性Beam3单元是一种可承受拉、压、弯作用的单轴单元。

单元的每个节点有三个自由度，即沿x,y方向的线位移及绕Z轴的角位移。

本单元更详细的说明见《ANSYS, Inc. Theory Reference》，其它的二维梁单元还有塑性梁单元Beam23及非对称变截面梁Beam54。

假设与限制:梁单元必须位于X-Y平面内，长度及面积不可为0;对任何形状截面的梁等效高度必须先行决定，因为弯曲应力的计算为中性轴至最外边的距离为高度的一半；单元高度仅用于弯曲及热应力的计算；作用的温度梯度假定为沿长度方向线性通过等效高度；若不使用大变形时，转动惯量可为0。

BEAM3在软件各产品中的使用限制：当使用以下产品时，BEAM3单元的使用还要受到以下限制：ANSYS专业版：不能计算阻尼材料.体荷载不能为热流量.能考虑的特性仅限应力硬化及大挠度两项。

Beam4 单元描述Beam4是一种可用于承受拉、压、弯、扭的单轴受力单元。

这种单元在每个节点上有六个自由度：x、y、z三个方向的线位移和绕x,y,z三个轴的角位移。

可用于计算应力硬化及大变形的问题。

通过一个相容切线刚度矩阵的选项用来考虑大变形（有限旋转）的分析。

关于本单元更详细的介绍请参阅《ansys理论手册》,关于渐变的非对称弹性梁的问题应按beam44单元考虑，三维塑性梁应按beam24单元考虑。

（如果省略节点K或Θ角为0度，则单元的Y轴平行于整体坐标系下的X－Y平面）假设与限制:长度及面积不可为0，当不进行大变形分析时惯性矩可以为0;对任何形状截面的梁等效高度必须先行决定，因为弯曲应力的计算为中性轴至最外边的距离为高度的一半；单元高度仅用于弯曲及热应力的计算；作用的温度梯度假定为沿长度方向线性通过等效高度；当使用相容切线刚度矩阵（KEYOPT(2) = 1）时，一定要注意使用切合实际的（即，按比例的）单元实常数。

这是因为相容应力刚度矩阵是基于单元应力计算的，如果人为取过大或过小的截面特性，则计算的应力可能不正确，导致相应的应力刚度矩阵也不正确（相容应力刚度矩阵的某些分量或能变成无穷大）。

ansys-中文帮助手册（含目录-word版本）目录第1 章开始使用ANSYS 11.1 完成典型的ANSYS 分析 1 1.2 建立模型 1第2 章加载232.1 载荷概述23 2.2 什么是载荷23 2.3 载荷步、子步和平衡迭代24 2.4 跟踪中时间的作用25 2.5 阶跃载荷与坡道载荷26 2.6 如何加载27 2.7 如何指定载荷步选项68 2.8 创建多载荷步文件77 2.9 定义接头固定处预拉伸78第3 章求解853.1 什么是求解84 3.2 选择求解器84 3.3 使用波前求解器85 3.4 使用稀疏阵直接解法求解器86 3.5 使用雅可比共轭梯度法求解器（JCG）86 3.6 使用不完全乔列斯基共轭梯度法求解器（ICCG）86 3.7 使用预条件共轭梯度法求解器（PCG）86 3.8 使用代数多栅求解器（AMG）87 3.9 使用分布式求解器(DDS)88 3.10 自动迭代（快速）求解器选项88 3.11 在某些类型结构分析使用特殊求解控制89 3.12 使用PGR 文件存储后处理数据92 3.13 获得解答96 3.14 求解多载荷步97 3.15 中断正在运行的作业100 3.16 重新启动一个分析100 3.17 实施部分求解步111 3.18 估计运行时间和文件大小1133.19 奇异解114第4 章后处理概述1164.1 什么是后处理116 4.2 结果文件117 4.3 后处理可用的数据类型117第5 章通用后处理器(POST1) 1185.1 概述118 5.2 将数据结果读入数据库118 5.3 在POST1 中观察结果127 5.4 在POST1 中使用PGR 文件152 5.5 POST1 的其他后处理内容160第6 章时间历程后处理器（POST26）1746.1 时间历程变量观察器174 6.2 进入时间历程处理器176 6.3 定义变量177 6.4 处理变量并进行计算179 6.5 数据的输入181 6.6 数据的输出183 6.7 变量的评价184 6.8 POST26 后处理器的其它功能187 第7 章选择和组件190 7.1 什么是选择190 7.2 选择实体190 7.3 为有意义的后处理选择194 7.4 将几何项目组集成部件与组件195 第8 章图形使用入门1988.1 概述198 8.2 交互式图形与“外部”图形198 8.3 标识图形设备名(UNIX 系统)198 8.4 指定图形显示设备的类型(WINDOWS 系统)2018.5 与系统相关的图形信息202 8.6 产生图形显示205 8.7 多重绘图技术207第9 章通用图形规范2109.1 概述210 9.2 用GUI 控制显示210 9.3 多个ANSYS 窗口，叠加显示210 9.4 改变观察角、缩放及平移211 9.5 控制各种文本和符号214 9.6 图形规范杂项217 9.7 3D 输入设备支持218第10 章增强型图形21910.1 图形显示的两种方法219 10.2P OWER G RAPHICS 的特性219 10.3何时用P OWER G RAPHICS219 10.4激活和关闭P OWER G RAPHICS220 10.5怎样使用P OWER G RAPHICS220 10.6希望从P OWER G RAPHICS 绘图中做什么220第11 章创建几何显示22311.1 用GUI 显示几何体223 11.2 创建实体模型实体的显示223 11.3 改变几何显示的说明224第12 章创建几何模型结果显示23312.1 利用GUI 来显示几何模型结果233 12.2 创建结果的几何显示233 12.3 改变POST1 结果显示规范235 12.4 Q-S LICE 技术238 12.5 等值面技术238 12.6 控制粒子流或带电粒子的轨迹显示239第13 章生成图形24013.1 使用GUI 生成及控制图240 13.2 图形显示动作240 13.3 改变图形显示指定241第14章注释24514.1 注释概述245 14.2 二维注释245 14.3 为ANSYS 模型生成注释246 14.4 三维注释246 14.5 三维查询注释247第15 章动画24815.1 动画概述248 15.2 在ANSYS 中生成动画显示248 15.3 使用基本的动画命令248 15.4 使用单步动画宏249 15.5 离线捕捉动画显示图形序列249 15.6 独立的动画程序250 15.7 WINDOWS 环境中的动画251第16 章外部图形25316.1 外部图形概述253 16.2 生成中性图形文件254 16.3 DISPLAY 程序观察及转换中性图形文件255 16.4 获得硬拷贝图形258 第17 章报告生成器25917.1 启动报告生成器259 17.2 抓取图象260 17.3 捕捉动画260 17.4 获得数据表格261 17.5 获取列表264 17.6 生成报告26417.7 报告生成器的默认设置267 第18 章 CMAP 程序26918.1 CMAP 概述269 18.2 作为独立程序启动CMAP269 18.3 在ANSYS 内部使用CMAP271 18.4 用户化彩色图271第19 章文件和文件管理27419.1 文件管理概述274 19.2 更改缺省文件名274 19.3 将输出送到屏幕、文件或屏幕及文件275 19.4 文本文件及二进制文件275 19.5 将自己的文件读入ANSYS 程序278 19.6 在ANSYS 程序中写自己的ANSYS 文件279 19.7 分配不同的文件名280 19.8 观察二进制文件内容（AXU2）280 19.9 在结果文件上的操作（AUX3）280 19.10 其它文件管理命令280第20 章内存管理与配置28220.1 内存管理282 20.2 基本概念282 20.3 怎样及何时进行内存管理283 20.4 配置文件286第1 章开始使用ANSYS1.1 完成典型的ANSYS 分析ANSYS 软件具有多种有限元分析的能力，包括从简单线性静态分析到复杂的非线性瞬态动力学分析。

ANSYS 基本分析过程指南目录第 1 章开始使用 ANSYS1.1 完成典型的 ANSYS 分析1.2 建立模型第2章加载2.1 载荷概述2.2 什么是载荷2.3 载荷步、子步和平衡迭代2.4 跟踪中时间的作用2.5 阶跃载荷与坡道载荷2.6 如何加载2.7 如何指定载荷步选项2.8 创建多载荷步文件2.9 定义接头固定处预拉伸第 3 章求解3.1 什么是求解3.2 选择求解器3.3 使用波前求解器3.4 使用稀疏阵直接解法求解器3.5 使用雅可比共轭梯度法求解器（JCG）3.6 使用不完全乔列斯基共轭梯度法求解器（ICCG）3.7 使用预条件共轭梯度法求解器（PCG）3.8 使用代数多栅求解器（AMG）3.9 使用分布式求解器(DDS)3.10 自动迭代（快速）求解器选项3.11 在某些类型结构分析使用特殊求解控制3.12 使用 PGR 文件存储后处理数据3.13 获得解答3.14 求解多载荷步3.15 中断正在运行的作业3.16 重新启动一个分析3.17 实施部分求解步3.18 估计运行时间和文件大小111 2323 23 24 25 26 27 6877 788584 84 85 86 86 86 86 87 8888 89 92 9697 100 100 111 1133.19 奇异解第 4 章后处理概述4.1 什么是后处理4.2 结果文件4.3 后处理可用的数据类型第5章5.1 概述5.2 将数据结果读入数据库5.3 在 POST1 中观察结果5.4 在 POST1 中使用 PGR 文件5.5 POST1 的其他后处理内容第 6 章时间历程后处理器（POST26）6.1 时间历程变量观察器6.2 进入时间历程处理器6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7定义变量处理变量并进行计算数据的输入数据的输出变量的评价通用后处理器(POST1)1141161161171171181181181271521601741741761771791811831841871901901901941956.8 POST26 后处理器的其它功能第 7 章选择和组件7.1 什么是选择7.2 选择实体7.3 为有意义的后处理选择7.4 将几何项目组集成部件与组件第 8 章图形使用入门8.1 概述8.2 交互式图形与“外部”图形8.3 标识图形设备名(UNIX 系统)8.4 指定图形显示设备的类型(WINDOWS 系统)198198 198 198 2018.5 与系统相关的图形信息8.6 产生图形显示8.7 多重绘图技术第 9 章通用图形规范9.1 概述9.2 用 GUI 控制显示9.3 多个 ANSYS 窗口，叠加显示9.4 改变观察角、缩放及平移9.5 控制各种文本和符号9.6 图形规范杂项9.7 3D 输入设备支持第 10 章增强型图形10.1 图形显示的两种方法10.2 POWERGRAPHICS 的特性10.3 何时用 POWERGRAPHICS10.4 激活和关闭 POWERGRAPHICS10.5 怎样使用 POWERGRAPHICS10.6 希望从 POWERGRAPHICS 绘图中做什么第 11 章创建几何显示11.1 用 GUI 显示几何体11.2 创建实体模型实体的显示11.3 改变几何显示的说明第 12 章创建几何模型结果显示12.1 利用 GUI 来显示几何模型结果12.2 创建结果的几何显示12.3 改变 POST1 结果显示规范12.4 Q-SLICE 技术12.5 等值面技术12.6 控制粒子流或带电粒子的轨迹显示202 205 207210210 210 210 211 214 217 218219219 219 219 220 220 220223223 223 224233233 233 235 238 238 239第 13 章生成图形24013.1 使用 GUI 生成及控制图13.2 图形显示动作13.3 改变图形显示指定第 14 章注释注释概述二维注释为 ANSYS 模型生成注释三维注释三维查询注释240 240 24124514.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5245 245 246 246 247第 15 章动15.1 动画概述画24824824824824924925025115.2 在 ANSYS 中生成动画显示15.3 使用基本的动画命令15.4 使用单步动画宏15.5 离线捕捉动画显示图形序列15.6 独立的动画程序15.7 WINDOWS 环境中的动画第 16 章外部图形25316.1 外部图形概述16.2 生成中性图形文件16.3 DISPLAY 程序观察及转换中性图形文件16.4 获得硬拷贝图形第 17 章报告生成器17.1 启动报告生成器17.2 抓取图象17.3 捕捉动画17.4 获得数据表格17.5 获取列表17.6 生成报告253 254 255 258259259 260 260 261 264 26417.7 报告生成器的默认设置第 18 章 CMAP 程序18.1 CMAP 概述18.2 作为独立程序启动 CMAP 18.3 在 ANSYS 内部使用 CMAP 18.4 用户化彩色图第 19 章文件和文件管理267 269269 269 271 27127419.1 文件管理概述19.2 更改缺省文件名19.3 将输出送到屏幕、文件或屏幕及文件19.4 文本文件及二进制文件19.5 将自己的文件读入 ANSYS 程序19.6 在 ANSYS 程序中写自己的 ANSYS 文件19.7 分配不同的文件名19.8 观察二进制文件内容（AXU2）19.9 在结果文件上的操作（AUX3）19.10 其它文件管理命令第 20 章内存管理与配置20.1 内存管理20.2 基本概念20.3 怎样及何时进行内存管理20.4 配置文件274274 275 275 278 279 280280 280280 282282 282 283 286第1章开始使用 ANSYS1.1 完成典型的 ANSYS 分析ANSYS 软件具有多种有限元分析的能力，包括从简单线性静态分析到复杂的非线性瞬态动力学分析。

ANSYS的帮助文件使用说明很多网友都曾觉得ANSYS使用起来有一定的难度，经常会遇到这样或那样的问题，但市面上的参考书又不尽如人意，那究竟有没有比较好的参数书？有的，个人认为ANSYS的帮助文件就是一本不错的参数书。

接下来就ANSYS在线帮助的使用做一些基本的介绍，希望能对初学者有所帮助。

ANSYS的帮助文件包括所有ANSYS命令解释及所有的GUI解释，还包括ANSYS各模块的分析指南，实例练习等。

一．进入帮助系统可以通过下列三种方式进入:1.进入ANSYS的操作界面后，在应用菜单中选取Help进入；2.在ANSYS程序组中选取Help System进入：Start Menu > Programs > ANSYS XX>Help Sy stem；3.在任何对话框中选取Help。

二．帮助系统的内容安排：点击帮助系统的目录，就看到如下的ANSYS帮助系统的整体内容安排：1．前面4个部分是与软件版本，安装，注册相关的信息，只需作相应的了解即可，如下：※Release Notes※ANSYS Installation and Configuration Guide for UNIX※ANSYS Installation and Configuration Guide for Windows※ANSYS, Inc. Licensing Guide2．接下来两个部分是比较重要的部分，ANSYS的命令和单元手册，对用到的命令和单元应作详细的了解和掌握。

※ANSYS Commands Reference※ANSYS Element Reference3．下面四个部分是ANSYS相关的操作手册，说明如下：※Operations Guide 基本界面，操作指南※Basic Analysis Procedures Guide 基础分析指南※Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide 高级分析指南※Modeling and Meshing Guide 建模与分网指南4．以下几个部分则是ANSYS分模块的分析指南，如下：※Structural Analysis Guide 结构分析指南※Thermal Analysis Guide 热分析指南※CFD FLOTRAN Analysis Guide 流体分析指南※Electromagnetic Field Analysis Guide 电磁场分析指南※Coupled-Field Analysis Guide 耦合场分析指南5．为更好的使用ANSYS方便，快捷的解决更多的工程实际问题，建议仔细学习以下几个部分：※APDL Programmer's Guide：APDL操作手册※ANSYS Troubleshooting Guide：ANSYS错误信息指南※Mechanical Toolbar：机械工具栏※ANSYS/LS-DYNA User's Guide：ANSYS/LS-DYNA操作指南※ANSYS Connection Users Guide：接口技术指南6．欲快速掌握ANSYS的使用，莫过于通过实例和练习，而ANSYS的帮助系统中则提供大量的例题及练习供用户参考，所以以下两个部分是经常光顾的。

Table of Contents2.1. Entering a Processor2.2. Exiting from a Processor or ANSYS2.2.1. Stopping the Input of a File2.3. The ANSYS Database2.3.1. Defining or Deleting Database Items2.3.2. Saving the Database2.3.3. Restoring Database Contents2.3.4. Using the Session Editor to Modify the Database2.3.5. Clearing the Database2.4. ANSYS Program Files2.4.1. ANSYS File Types2.4.2. ANSYS File Sizes2.4.3. The Jobname.LOG File2.5. Communicating With the ANSYS Program2.5.1. Communicating Via the Graphical User Interface (GUI)2.5.2. Communicating Via Commands2.5.3. Command Defaults2.5.4. Abbreviations2.5.5. Command Macro Files3.1. Starting an ANSYS Session from the Command Level3.2. The Mechanical APDL Product Launcher3.2.1. Starting an ANSYS Session from the Start Menu/Launcher3.2.2. Launcher Menu Options3.3. Interactive Mode3.3.1. Executing the ANSYS or DISPLAY Programs from Windows Explorer 3.4. Batch Mode3.4.1. Starting a Batch Job from the Command Line3.5. Choosing an ANSYS Product via Command Line3.6. Setting Preferences with the start130.ans File3.6.1. The start130.ans File4.1. GUI Controls4.1.1. A Dialog Box and Its Components4.2. Activating the GUI4.3. Layout of the GUI4.3.1. The Utility Menu4.3.2. The Standard Toolbar4.3.3. Command Input Options4.3.4. The ANSYS Toolbar4.3.5. The Main Menu4.3.6. The Graphics Window4.3.7. The Output Window4.3.8. Creating, Modifying and Positioning Toolbars5.1. Locational and Retrieval Picking5.2. Query Picking5.2.1. The Model Query Picker5.2.2. The Results Query Picker6.1. The Configuration File6.2. Splitting Files Across File Partitions6.3. Customizing the GUI6.3.1. Changing the GUI Layout6.3.2. Changing Colors and Fonts6.3.3. Changing the GUI Components Shown at Start-Up6.3.4. Changing the Mouse and Keyboard Focus6.3.5. Changing the Menu Hierarchy and Dialog Boxes Using UIDL6.3.6. Creating Dialog Boxes Using Tcl/Tk6.4. ANSYS Neutral File Format6.4.1. Neutral File Specification6.4.2. AUX15 Commands to Read Geometry Into the ANSYS database6.4.3. A Sample ANSYS Neutral File Input Listing7.1. Using the Session Log File7.2. Using the Database Command Log7.3. Using a Command Log File as InputRelease 13.0 - © 2010 SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved.Chapter 1: Introducing ANSYSANSYS finite element analysis software enables engineers to perform the following tasks:●Build computer models or transfer CAD models of structures, products, components, orsystems.●Apply operating loads or other design performance conditions.●Study physical responses, such as stress levels, temperature distributions, or electromagneticfields.●Optimize a design early in the development process to reduce production costs.●Do prototype testing in environments where it otherwise would be undesirable or impossible(for example, biomedical applications).The ANSYS program has a comprehensive graphical user interface (GUI) that gives users easy, interactive access to program functions, commands, documentation, and reference material. An intuitive menu system helps users navigate through the ANSYS program. Users can input data using a mouse, a keyboard, or a combination of both.This manual provides basic instructions for operating the ANSYS program: starting and stopping the product, using and customizing its GUI, using the online help system, etc. For other information about using ANSYS, see the following documents:●For general instructions on performing finite element analyses for any engineering discipline,see the Basic Analysis Guide, the Modeling and Meshing Guide, and the Advanced Analysis Techniques Guide.●For information about performing specific types of analysis (thermal, structural, etc.), see theapplicable Analysis Guide.●For examples of analyses, see the Mechanical APDL Tutorials and Verification Manual.●For reference information about ANSYS commands, elements, and theory, see the CommandReference, Element Reference, and Theory Reference for the Mechanical APDL and Mechanical Applications.Chapter 2: The ANSYS EnvironmentThe ANSYS program is organized into two basic levels:●Begin level●Processor (or Routine) levelThe Begin level acts as a gateway into and out of the program. It is also used for certain global program controls such as changing the jobname, clearing (zeroing out) the database, and copying binary files. When you first enter the program, you are at the Begin level.At the Processor level, several processors are available. Each processor is a set of functions that perform a specific analysis task. For example, the general preprocessor (PREP7) is where you build the model, the solution processor (SOLUTION) is where you apply loads and obtain the solution, and the general postprocessor (POST1) is where you evaluate the results of a solution. An additional postprocessor, POST26, enables you to evaluate solution results at specific points in the model as a function of time.The following environment topics are available:●Entering a Processor●Exiting from a Processor or ANSYS●The ANSYS Database●ANSYS Program Files●Communicating With the ANSYS Program2.1. Entering a ProcessorIn general, you enter a processor by selecting it from the ANSYS Main Menu in the Graphical User Interface (GUI). For example, choosing Main Menu > Preprocessor takes you into PREP7. Alternatively, you can use a command to enter a processor (the format is /name, where name is the name of the processor). Table 2.1: Processors (Routines) Available in ANSYS lists each processor, its function, and the command to enter it.2.2. Exiting from a Processor or ANSYSTo return to the Begin level from a processor, pick Main Menu > Finish or issue the FINISH (or /QUIT) command. You can move from one processor to another without returning to the Begin level. Simply pick the processor you want to enter, or issue the appropriate command.To leave the ANSYS program (and return to the system level), pick Utility Menu > File > Exit or use the /E XIT command to display the Exit from ANSYS dialog box. By default, the program saves the model and loads portions of the database automatically and writes them to the database file, Jobname.DB. If a backup of the current database file already exists, ANSYS writes it to Jobname.DBB. Options in the dialog box (and on the /EXIT command) allow you to save other portions of the database or to quit without saving.2.2.1. Stopping the Input of a FileYou can also stop the processing of an ANSYS file as it is being input. Most files of more than a few lines will display the ANSYS Process Status window at the top of the screen. If you want to terminate the input of a file, select the STOP button on the ANSYS Process Status window. ANSYS itself does not stop when you select the STOP button. Stopping file input is useful if you inadvertently input a binary file.To input a new file, select Utility Menu > File > Clear & Start New to clear the current file from memory, then select a file to input. If you want to return to processing the original file, select Utility Menu > File > Read Input from... and select the name of the file, the line number or label to resume from, and select the OK button. See the /INPUT command for more information on resuming a file input process.2.3. The ANSYS DatabaseIn one large database, the ANSYS program stores all input data (model dimensions, material properties, load data, etc.) and results data (displacements, stresses, temperatures, etc.) in an organized fashion. The main advantage of the database is that you can list, display, modify, or delete any specific data item quickly and easily.No matter which processor you are in, you are working with the same database. This gives you basic access to the model and loads portions of the database from anywhere in the program. "Basic access" means the ability to select, list, or display an item.The following database topics are available:●Defining or Deleting Database Items●Saving the Database●Restoring Database Contents●Using the Session Editor to Modify the Database●Clearing the Database2.3.1. Defining or Deleting Database ItemsTo define items, or to delete items from the database, you must be in the appropriate processor. For example, you can define nodes, elements, and other geometry only in PREP7, the general preprocessor. You can specify and apply loads in either the PREP7 or the SOLUTION processor, and you can declare optimization variables only in OPT (the design optimization processor). However, you can select geometry items, list them, or display them from anywhere in the program, including the Begin level.2.3.2. Saving the DatabaseBecause the database contains all your input data, you should frequently save copies of it to a file. To do this, pick Utility Menu > File > Save as Jobname.DB or issue the SAVE command. Either choice writes the database to the file Jobname.DB. If you use the SAVE command, you have the option to save:●the model data only●the model and solution data●the model, solution and preprocessing dataTo specify a different file name, pick Utility Menu > File > Save as or use the appropriate fields on the SAVE command. Any save operation first writes a backup of the current database file (if the database already exists) to Jobname.DBB. If a Jobname.DBB file already exists, the new backup file overwrites it. For a static or transient structural analysis, the file Jobname.RDB (a copy of the database) will be automatically saved at the first substep of the first load step.2.3.3. Restoring Database ContentsTo restore data from the database file, pick Utility Menu > File > Resume Jobname.DB or issue the RESUME command. This reads the file Jobname.DB. To specify a different file name, pick Utility Menu > File > Resume from or use the appropriate fields on the RESUME command.You can save or resume the database from anywhere in the ANSYS program, including the Begin level.A resume operation replaces the data currently in memory with the data in the named database file. Using the save and resume operations together is useful when you want to "test" a function or command. When you do a multiframe restart, ANTYPE,,REST automatically resumes the .RDB file for the current job.2.3.4. Using the Session Editor to Modify the DatabaseDuring an analysis, you may want to modify or delete commands entered since your last SAVE or RESUME. You can access the session editor by issuing the UNDO command, or by choosing Main Menu > Session Editor. The session editor display is shown below.Figure 2.1 The Session EditorUse this dialog for displaying and editing the string of operations performed since your last SAVE or RESUME command. You can modify command parameters, delete whole sections of text, and even save a portion of the command string to a separate file.You can access the following file operations from the session editor dialog:●OK: Enters the series of operations displayed in the window below. You will use this option toinput the command string after you have modified it.●Save: Saves the command string displayed in the window below to a separate file. ANSYSnames the file Jobnam000.cmds, with each subsequent save operation incrementing the filename by one digit. You can use the /INPUT command to reenter the saved file.●Cancel: Dismisses this window and returns to your analysis.●Help: Displays the command reference for the UNDO command.The Session Editor is available in interactive (GUI) mode only. If no SAVE or RESUME command has been issued during your analysis, all commands from your current session will be executed, including your start130.ans file, if present.2.3.5. Clearing the DatabaseWhile building a model, sometimes you may want to clear out the database contents and start over. To do so, choose Utility Menu > File > Clear & Start New or issue the /CLEAR command. Either method clears (zeros out) the database stored in memory. Clearing the database has the same effect as leaving and reentering the ANSYS program, but does not require you to exit.2.4. ANSYS Program FilesThe ANSYS program writes and reads many files for data storage and retrieval. File names follow this pattern:Name.ExtName defaults to the jobname, which you can specify while entering the ANSYS program or by choosing Utility Menu > File > Change Jobname (equivalent to issuing the /FILNAME command). The default jobname is FILE (or file).Ext is a unique, two- to four-character ANSYS identifier that identifies the contents of the file. For example, Jobname.DB is the database file, Jobname.EMA T is the element matrix file, and Jobname.GRPH is the neutral graphics file. Some systems (such as PCs) truncate the extension to three characters. Also, the extension may be in lowercase, depending on the system.The following program file topics are available:●ANSYS File Types●ANSYS File Sizes●The Jobname.LOG File2.4.1. ANSYS File TypesTable 2.2: ANSYS File Types and Formats lists the main ANSYS file types and their formats. For more information about files, see File Management and Files in the Basic Analysis Guide.On the following ANSYS commands, you can specify the name and path of the file to be written:/ASSIGN*LIST/COPY/OUTPUT*CREATE/PSEARCH/DELETE/RENAME/INPUTIn such cases, the filename can contain up to 248 characters, including the directory name, and the extension can contain up to eight characters. If the file name uses more than 248 characters, including the directory, you must use a soft link on UNIX/Linux systems.ANSYS can process blanks in file or directory names, so blank spaces are allowed in ANSYS object names. Be aware that many UNIX/Linux commands do not support object names with spaces. When an object has a blank space in its name, always enclose the name in a pair of single quotes.On UNIX/Linux systems, all directory names except for /(root) should end with a slash (/). For example, to run the ANSYS program using an input file called vm1.dat, which resides in the directory /ansys_inc/v130/ansys/data/verif, use the following commands:ansys130/inp,vm1,dat, /ansys_inc/v130/ansys/data/verif/On Windows systems, you must use back slashes (\) instead of slashes in directory names. For example, on a Windows system, the directory path shown in the UNIX example above looks like this:/inp,vm1,dat, Program Files\Ansys Inc\V130\ANSYS\data\verif\2.4.2. ANSYS File SizesThe maximum size of an ANSYS file depends on the file system on the hard drive partition being used. Most computer systems now handle very large files without any need for the automatic file splitting option that is provided in ANSYS. The FAT32 file system is occasionally still used on some Windows and Linux systems and has a file size limitation of 4 GB. We recommend converting any FAT32 hard drives to a file system that can support much larger files (e.g., for Windows, we recommend converting to the NTFS file system). If you are running a problem that will create an ANSYS file over 4 GB on a system using a FAT32 hard drive, then you can use the /CONFIG,FSPLIT command to set the maximum ANSYS file size to any value under 4 GB.2.4.3. The Jobname.LOG FileThe Jobname.LOG file (also called the session log) is especially important, because it provides a complete log of your ANSYS session. The file opens immediately when you enter the ANSYS program, and it records all commands you execute, whether you execute those commands via GUI paths or type them in directly. You can read the Jobname.LOG file, view it while in ANSYS, edit it, and input it later.The ANSYS program always appends log data to the log file instead of overwriting it. If you change the jobname while in an ANSYS session, the log file name does not change to the new jobname. For more information about Jobname.LOG, see Using the ANSYS Session and Command Logs.2.5. Communicating With the ANSYS ProgramThe easiest way to communicate with the ANSYS program is by using the ANSYS menu system, called the Graphical User Interface (GUI).2.5.1. Communicating Via the Graphical User Interface (GUI)The GUI consists of windows, menus, dialog boxes, and other components that allow you to enter input data and execute ANSYS functions simply by picking buttons with a mouse or typing in responses to prompts. All users, both beginner and advanced, should use the GUI for interactive ANSYS work. See Using the ANSYS GUI for an extensive discussion of how to use the GUI. The rest of this section describes other topics related to communication with ANSYS commands, abbreviations, etc.2.5.2. Communicating Via CommandsCommands are the instructions that direct the ANSYS program. ANSYS has more than 1200 commands, each designed for a specific function. Most commands are associated with specific (one or more) processors, and work only with that processor or those processors.To use a function, you can either type in the appropriate command or access that function from the GUI (which internally issues the appropriate command). The Command Reference describes all ANSYS commands in detail, and also tells you whether each command has an equivalent GUI path. (A few commands do not.)ANSYS commands have a specific format. A typical command consists of a command name in the first field, usually followed by a comma and several more fields (containing arguments). A comma separatesYou can abbreviate command names to their first four characters (except as noted in the Command Reference). For example, FINISH, FINIS, and FINI all have the same meaning. Some "commands" (such as ADAPT and RACE) are actually macros. You must enter macro names in their entirety.Note:If you are not sure whether an instruction is a command or a macro, see the Command Reference.Commands that begin with a slash ( / ) usually perform general program control tasks, such as entry to routines, file management, and graphics controls. Commands that begin with a star ( * ) are part of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). See the ANSYS Parametric Design Language Guide for details.Command arguments may take a number or an alphanumeric label, depending on their purpose. In the F command example described previously, NODE and VALUE are numeric arguments, but Lab is an alphanumeric argument. In this and other ANSYS manuals, numeric arguments appear in all uppercase italic letters (as in NODE and VALUE), and alphanumeric arguments appear in initial uppercase italic format (as in Lab). Some commands (for example, /PREP7, /POST1, FINISH, etc.) have no arguments, so the entire command consists of just the command name.Some general rules and guidelines for commands are listed below:●When you enter commands, the arguments do not have to be in specific columns.●You can use successive commas to skip arguments. When you do so, ANSYS uses defaultvalues for the omitted arguments (as discussed in the individual command descriptions).●You can string together multiple commands on the same line by using the $ character as thedelimiter for each command. (For restrictions on use of the $ delimiter, see the Command Reference.)●The maximum number of characters allowed per line is 640, including commas, blank spaces,$ delimiters, and any other special characters.Note: Other software programs and printers may wrap text to the next line or truncate the text after a certain character.●Real number values input to integer data fields will be rounded to the nearest integer. Theabsolute value of integer data must fall between zero and 2,000,000,000.●The acceptable range of values for real data is +/-1.0E+200 to +/-1.0E-200. No exponent canexceed +200 or be less than -200. The program accepts real numbers in integer fields, but rounds them to the nearest integer. You can specify a real number using a decimal point (such as 327.58) or an exponent (such as 3.2758E2). The E (or D) character, used to indicate an exponent, may be in upper or lower case. This limit applies to all ANSYS input commands, regardless of platform.Even though all ANSYS input must be within the allowed range, all numeric operations, including parametric operations, can produce numbers to machine precision, which may exceed the ANSYS input range.●ANSYS interprets numbers entered for Angle arguments as degrees. Note that there arefunctions in ANSYS that could use radians if the *AFUN command had been used.●The following special characters are not allowed in alphanumeric arguments:! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ - += | \ { } [ ] " ' / < > ~ `●Exceptions are filename and directory arguments, where some of these characters may berequired to specify system-dependent pathnames. However, using special characters in filename and directory arguments could result in ANSYS or the operating system misreading the argument. We strongly recommend that you limit filename and directory arguments to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, -, _, and spaces. Any text prefaced by an exclamation mark (!) is treated as a comment.●Avoid using tabs (to line up comments, for instance) or other control (CTRL) sequences. Theyusually generate device-dependent characters that the program cannot recognize.●If you are a longtime ANSYS user, avoid using commands that have been removed from thecurrently documented command set. Such commands are obsolete and may cause difficulties.2.5.3. Command DefaultsTo minimize the amount of data input, most commands have defaults. There are two types of defaults: command default and argument default.A command default is the specification assumed when a command is not issued. For example, if you do not issue the /FILNAME command, the jobname defaults to FILE (or whatever jobname was specified when you entered the ANSYS program).An argument default is the value assumed for a command argument if the argument is not specified. For example, if you issue the command N,10 (defining node 10 with the X, Y, Z coordinate arguments left blank), the node is defined at the origin; that is, X, Y, and Z default to zero. Numeric arguments (such as X, Y, Z) default to zero except as noted in the Command Reference. The command descriptions usually explain defaults for other arguments.Note:The defaults for some commands and their arguments differ depending on which ANSYS product is using the commands. The "Product Restrictions" section of the descriptions of the affected commands clearly documents such cases. If you plan to use your input file in more than one ANSYS product, youshould explicitly specify commands or command argument values, rather than letting them default. Otherwise, behavior in the other ANSYS product may be different from what you expect.2.5.4. AbbreviationsIf you use a command or a GUI function frequently, you can rename it or abbreviate it to a string of up to eight alphanumeric characters using one of the following:Command(s): *ABBRGUI: Utility Menu > Macro > Edit Abbreviations Utility Menu > MenuCtrls > Edit ToolbarFor example, the following command defines ISO as an abbreviation for the command /VIEW,,1,1,1 (which specifies isometric view for subsequent graphics displays):*ABBR,ISO,/VIEW,,1,1,1Keep the following rules and guidelines in mind when creating abbreviations:●The abbreviation must begin with a letter and should not have any spaces.●If an abbreviation that you set matches an ANSYS command, the abbreviation overrides thecommand. Therefore, use caution in choosing abbreviation names.●You can abbreviate up to 60 characters, and up to 100 abbreviations are allowed per ANSYSsession.In the GUI, abbreviations appear as push buttons on the Toolbar, which you can execute with a quick click of the mouse. For details, see the section on using the toolbar in Using the ANSYS GUI .2.5.5. Command Macro FilesYou can record a frequently used sequence of ANSYS commands in a macro file, thus creating a personalized ANSYS command. If you enter a command name that ANSYS does not recognize, it searches for a macro file by that name (with an extension of .MAC or .mac). If the file exists, ANSYS executes it.On UNIX/Linux and Windows systems, the ANSYS program searches for macro files in the following order:●ANSYS looks first in the ANSYS APDL directory.●It then looks at the directories that have been defined for the environmental variableANSYS_MACROLIB. You can set up the ANSYS_MACROLIB variable after the installation of ANSYS software and before the program is started.On UNIX/Linux, the structure for ANSYS_MACROLIB is:dir1/:dir2/:dir3/On Windows, the structure is:c:\dir1\;d:\dir2\;e:\dir3The letter to the left of the colon indicates the drive where the directory is stored.Enter up to 2048 characters for the entire string. Dir1 is searched first, followed by dir2, dir3, etc. These files provide customization at both the site and user levels.●Next, on UNIX/Linux systems, ANSYS looks in /PSEARCH or in the login directory. OnWindows systems, it looks in /PSEARCH or in the home directory.●Finally, ANSYS looks in the current or working directory.ANSYS searches for both upper and lower case macro file names in each search directory, except /apdl on UNIX/Linux systems. If both exist in the search directory, the upper case file is used. Only upper case is used in the /apdl directory on UNIX/Linux systems.The ANSYS installation media provide many ANSYS macro files that reside in the /apdl subdirectory. If you cannot use any of the ANSYS-provided macro files, contact your system administrator.To access any macro, you simply enter its file name. For instance, to access the LSSOLVE.MAC file, you enter LSSOLVE. You can also access macros you created via the Utility Menu > Macro > Execute Macr o menu path. However, this menu path will not work for any macros containing function granules (such as a call to a dialog box) or picking commands. Macros with these functions must be accessed by entering the macro name in the Input Window.Specifying File Names in WindowsIn the Windows environment, some devices/ports have specific names, such as PRN, COM1, COM2, LPT1, LPT2, and CON. The device/port names resemble files in that they can be opened, read from, written to, and closed. Entering the names of these devices/ports in ANSYS, however, causes unpredictable behavior, including system freezes or fatal error conditions. Therefore, do not issue PC device/port names as commands.Configuring Search Paths on Windows Systems1. In the Control Panel, click on the System Icon.2. On Windows XP systems, click on My Computer on the Start Menu. Under System Tasks,select View System Information. Select the Advanced Tab. Click on the Environment Variables button. Click New under System Variable. Enter the value of ANSYS_MACROLIB for the variable name. Enter<drive > :\<dir > \;<drive > :\<dir2 > \;<drive > :\<dir3 > \;for the variable value. Click OK.3. On Windows 2000 systems, select the Advanced tab. Click on the Environment Variablesbutton. Click on the New button under System Variables. Enter the value of ANSYS_MACROLIB for the variable name. Enter<drive > :\<dir > \;<drive > :\<dir2 > \;<drive > :\<dir3 > \;for the variable value. Click on the OK button.。

第二章ANSYS 入门21 21图2-3 带孔平板模型1．问题描述难度级别：普通级别。

所需时间：一个小时或者更多（视ANSYS操作熟练程度而定）。

实例类型：ANSYS结构分析。

分析类型：线性静力分析。

单元类型：PLANE82ANSYS功能示例：实体建模包括基本的建模操作，布尔运算和网格细化；施加均布载荷；显示变形后形状和应力等值线图、单元信息列表；基本的结果验证技巧。

ANSYS帮助文件：在ANSYS Structural Analysis Guide了解Structural Static Analysis分析知识，在ANSYS Elements Reference部分了解Plane82单元的详细资料。

2．建立有限元模型1．建立工作目录并添加标题以Interactive方式进入ANSYS，选择工作文件名为Plane、标题为plane。

2．创建实体模型（1）创建矩形通过定义原点、板宽和板高定义矩形，其操作如下：GUI：PreProcessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners弹出Rectangle by 2 corners对话框（如图2-4所示），如图2-4所示填写。

WP X和WP Y 表示左下角点坐标。

命令：BLC4,0,0,200,100第二章有限元分析基础22图2-4 生成矩形（2）生成圆面首先在矩形面上生成圆，然后挖去生成圆孔。

生成圆面得操作如下：GUI：PreProcessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Circle > Solid Circle弹出Solid Circular Area对话框（如图2-5所示），依图2-5输入圆面几何参数。

图2-5 生成圆命令：CYL4,100,50,20下面通过布尔“减”操作生成圆孔，其操作如下：GUI：Processor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Subtract > Areas先选择矩形面为Base Area，单击OK按钮，然后选择圆，单击OK按钮。

ansys常用命令的中文翻译1.A，P1，P2，…，P17，P18（以点定义面）2.AADD，NA1，NA2，…NA8，NA9（面相加）3.AATT，MAT，REAL，TYPE，ESYS，SECN（指定面的单元属性）【注】ESYS为坐标系统号、SECN为截面类型号。

4.*ABBR，Abbr，String（定义一个缩略词）5.ABBRES，Lab，Fname，Ext（从文件中读取缩略词）6.ABBSAVE，Lab，Fname，Ext（将当前定义的缩略词写入文件）7.ABS，IR，IA，--，--，Name，--，--，FACTA（取绝对值）【注】*************8.ACCAT，NA1，NA2（连接面）9.ACEL，ACEX，ACEY，ACEZ（定义结构的线性加速度）10.ACLEAR，NA1，NA2，NINC（清除面单元网格）11.ADAMS，NMODES，KSTRESS，KSHELL【注】*************12.ADAPT,NSOLN,STARGT,TTARGT,FACMN,FACMX,KYKPS,KYMAC【注】*************13.ADD，IR,IA,IB,IC,Name,--,--,FACTA,FACTB,FACTC（变量加运算）14.ADELE，NA1，NA2，NINC，KSWP（删除面）【注】KSWP=0删除面但保留面上关键点、1删除面及面上关键点。

15.ADRAG，NL1，NL2，…，NL6，NLP1，NLP2，…，NLP6（将既有线沿一定路径拖拉成面）16.AESIZE，ANUM，SIZE（指定面上划分单元大小）17.AFILLT，NA1，NA1，RAD（两面之间生成倒角面）18.AFSURF，SAREA，TLINE（在既有面单元上生成重叠的表面单元）19.*AFUN,Lab（指定参数表达式中角度单位）20.AGEN,ITIME,NA1,NA2,NINC,DX,DY,DZ,KINC,NOELEM,IMOVE（复制面）21.AGLUE，NA1，NA2，…，NA8，NA9（面间相互粘接）22.AINA，NA1，NA2，…，NA8，NA9（被选面的交集）23.AINP，NA1，NA2，…，NA8，NA9（面集两两相交）24.AINV，NA，NV（面体相交）25.AL，L1，L2，…，L9，L10（以线定义面）26.ALIST，NA1，NA2，NINC，Lab（列表显示面的信息）【注】Lab=HPT时，显示面上硬点信息，默认为空。

给初学者,ansys入门教程---如何充分利用ansys自带的help,高手慎入.影象文件请到我们的公用邮箱中去下载..simwe_ansys@口令ansys@simwe在草稿箱内,可以选择你要的邮件发到你自己的邮箱内.在网盘里面也上传了,在citybeggar文件夹内.这个比较大,一个月后删除.请勿删除邮件,上传很累的.一,写给ansys初学者,如何充分运用ansys的HELP学习ansys,假设说手里只有软件,没有任何的中文图书(其实很多的中文图书就是完全的翻译ansys自带的HELP,而且有些翻译的质量实在是不敢恭维,这里仅说利用ansys自带的HELP).那么我建议以下的这种学习方式,假设你已经有了基本的有限元知识.简易教程中用的是d版ansys9.0sp1.1,养成良好的习惯,每一次的工作都建一个文件夹,并取一个文件名,参看图1.AVI。

或者参看Basic Guide | Chapter 1. Getting Started with ANSYS | 1.2. Building a Model2,首先完成help里面的tutorials,里面有结构学的,电磁学的,热学的,还有流体学的等近十类指南,选择其中的一种或者是两种来做,比如说你是做结构学的,当然就选择结构学的啦,一步步按着指导做下去,以此来熟悉anays的图形操作(GUI).参看图2.AVI学ansys还是要熟悉GUI操作的,每运行一次GUI操作会在ansys的工作目录里面生成一个.LOG文件，适当处理就会得到一个命令流文件，然后可以导入该命令流，就相当于重复了上面的GUI操作（再加入适当的APDL控制语句，就可以以小做大，这是后话，这里先不提），参看图3.avi。

3，看Basic Analysis Guide，建模，加负载，计算，通用后处理，时间后处理的基本用法这里都有了。

图4.avi4,熟悉了基本的操作之后,以后就要看一点命令流了,毕竟命令流效率高,速度快,而且最主要的,ansys高手都在用.Verification Manual，里面给出了264个例子，这是我们的好帮手，一定要熟悉，当然还是要选择自己熟悉的来做。

目录第1 章开始使用ANSYS 11.1 完成典型的ANSYS 分析 1 1.2 建立模型 1第2 章加载232.1 载荷概述23 2.2 什么是载荷23 2.3 载荷步、子步和平衡迭代24 2.4 跟踪中时间的作用25 2.5 阶跃载荷与坡道载荷26 2.6 如何加载27 2.7 如何指定载荷步选项68 2.8 创建多载荷步文件77 2.9 定义接头固定处预拉伸78第3 章求解853.1 什么是求解84 3.2 选择求解器84 3.3 使用波前求解器85 3.4 使用稀疏阵直接解法求解器86 3.5 使用雅可比共轭梯度法求解器（JCG）86 3.6 使用不完全乔列斯基共轭梯度法求解器（ICCG）86 3.7 使用预条件共轭梯度法求解器（PCG）86 3.8 使用代数多栅求解器（AMG）87 3.9 使用分布式求解器(DDS)88 3.10 自动迭代（快速）求解器选项88 3.11 在某些类型结构分析使用特殊求解控制89 3.12 使用PGR 文件存储后处理数据92 3.13 获得解答96 3.14 求解多载荷步97 3.15 中断正在运行的作业100 3.16 重新启动一个分析100 3.17 实施部分求解步111 3.18 估计运行时间和文件大小1133.19 奇异解114第4 章后处理概述1164.1 什么是后处理116 4.2 结果文件117 4.3 后处理可用的数据类型117第5 章通用后处理器(POST1) 1185.1 概述118 5.2 将数据结果读入数据库118 5.3 在POST1 中观察结果127 5.4 在POST1 中使用PGR 文件152 5.5 POST1 的其他后处理内容160第6 章时间历程后处理器（POST26）1746.1 时间历程变量观察器174 6.2 进入时间历程处理器176 6.3 定义变量177 6.4 处理变量并进行计算179 6.5 数据的输入181 6.6 数据的输出183 6.7 变量的评价184 6.8 POST26 后处理器的其它功能187第7 章选择和组件190 7.1 什么是选择190 7.2 选择实体190 7.3 为有意义的后处理选择194 7.4 将几何项目组集成部件与组件195第8 章图形使用入门1988.1 概述198 8.2 交互式图形与“外部”图形198 8.3 标识图形设备名(UNIX 系统)198 8.4 指定图形显示设备的类型(WINDOWS 系统)2018.5 与系统相关的图形信息202 8.6 产生图形显示205 8.7 多重绘图技术207第9 章通用图形规范2109.1 概述210 9.2 用GUI 控制显示210 9.3 多个ANSYS 窗口，叠加显示210 9.4 改变观察角、缩放及平移211 9.5 控制各种文本和符号214 9.6 图形规范杂项217 9.7 3D 输入设备支持218第10 章增强型图形21910.1 图形显示的两种方法219 10.2P OWER G RAPHICS 的特性219 10.3何时用P OWER G RAPHICS219 10.4激活和关闭P OWER G RAPHICS220 10.5怎样使用P OWER G RAPHICS220 10.6希望从P OWER G RAPHICS 绘图中做什么220第11 章创建几何显示22311.1 用GUI 显示几何体223 11.2 创建实体模型实体的显示223 11.3 改变几何显示的说明224第12 章创建几何模型结果显示23312.1 利用GUI 来显示几何模型结果233 12.2 创建结果的几何显示233 12.3 改变POST1 结果显示规范235 12.4 Q-S LICE 技术238 12.5 等值面技术238 12.6 控制粒子流或带电粒子的轨迹显示239第13 章生成图形24013.1 使用GUI 生成及控制图240 13.2 图形显示动作240 13.3 改变图形显示指定241第14章注释24514.1 注释概述245 14.2 二维注释245 14.3 为ANSYS 模型生成注释246 14.4 三维注释246 14.5 三维查询注释247第15 章动画24815.1 动画概述248 15.2 在ANSYS 中生成动画显示248 15.3 使用基本的动画命令248 15.4 使用单步动画宏249 15.5 离线捕捉动画显示图形序列249 15.6 独立的动画程序250 15.7 WINDOWS 环境中的动画251第16 章外部图形25316.1 外部图形概述253 16.2 生成中性图形文件254 16.3 DISPLAY 程序观察及转换中性图形文件255 16.4 获得硬拷贝图形258第17 章报告生成器25917.1 启动报告生成器259 17.2 抓取图象260 17.3 捕捉动画260 17.4 获得数据表格261 17.5 获取列表264 17.6 生成报告26417.7 报告生成器的默认设置267 第18 章 CMAP 程序26918.1 CMAP 概述269 18.2 作为独立程序启动CMAP269 18.3 在ANSYS 内部使用CMAP271 18.4 用户化彩色图271第19 章文件和文件管理27419.1 文件管理概述274 19.2 更改缺省文件名274 19.3 将输出送到屏幕、文件或屏幕及文件275 19.4 文本文件及二进制文件275 19.5 将自己的文件读入ANSYS 程序278 19.6 在ANSYS 程序中写自己的ANSYS 文件279 19.7 分配不同的文件名280 19.8 观察二进制文件内容（AXU2）280 19.9 在结果文件上的操作（AUX3）280 19.10 其它文件管理命令280第20 章内存管理与配置28220.1 内存管理282 20.2 基本概念282 20.3 怎样及何时进行内存管理283 20.4 配置文件286第1 章开始使用ANSYS1.1 完成典型的ANSYS 分析ANSYS 软件具有多种有限元分析的能力，包括从简单线性静态分析到复杂的非线性瞬态动力学分析。