虚拟机网络安装Solaris10 Sparc 系统1.概述在安装Solaris 操作系统时，如果设备光驱故障，又无法从别的设备进行网络安装，通过装有Solaris系统的虚拟机引导安装系统是最方便的办法。
主要讲述Oracle VM VirtualBox虚拟机引导安装Solaris Sparc 平台操作系统。
2.安装准备1.下载Oracle VM VirtualBox虚拟机软件；2.下载Solaris10 X86和Sparc平台ISO文件；3.安装3.1.1.安装Oracle VM VirtualBox虚拟机Oracle VM VirtualBox虚拟机软件的安装不做详细说明，一直【下一步】即可；3.1.2.安装Solaris_X86虚拟机Solaris虚拟机的安装我们也不做详细说明，可参考《VirtualBox虚拟机安装Solaris10 X86系统》；3.1.3.Solaris配置和安装3.1.3.1.设置虚拟机：【网络】设置：连接到物理网卡（物理PC上配置上网IP为10.233.23.142的网卡）【存储】设置：光盘加载Solaris 10 sparc的ISO文件，显示如下：点击【启动】启动Solaris x86系统查看光盘文件：系统启动后，可以看到已经挂在的Solaris 10 for sparc的系统盘；3.1.3.2.检查个人电脑和网络个人电脑ip地址的配置需要跟虚拟机Solaris系统在同一网段，并且保证通信；虚拟机ip地址：个人电脑地址：连通性：注意：只有个人电脑网卡UP的时候，虚拟机才能ping通个人电脑IP地址；3.1.3.3.确定Blade2500安装网口和MAC地址个人电脑网口与Sun Blade 2500网口直连或在同一VLAN；ok show-nets //查看系统网卡列表a) /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@3b) /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@2c) /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@1d) /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0e) /pci@1c,600000/network@3q) NO SELECTIONEnter Selection, q to quit: qok select /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0: 1000 Mbps full duplex link up//用select 或watch-net-all查看Sun Blade 2500 UP状态的网卡ok watch-net-all/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@3/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@3: link down/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@2/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@2: link down/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@1/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@1: link down/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0: 1000 Mbps full duplex link upWatch ethernet packets'.' is a good packet and 'X' is a bad packetPress any key to stop...../pci@1c,600000/network@31000 Mbps FDX Link upLooking for Ethernet Packets.'.' is a Good Packet. 'X' is a Bad Packet.Type any key to stop.okok选择Sun Blade 2500 安装网口并确认MAC地址；这里我们选择用PCI网卡板上的第一个网口（即/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0）安装，确定该网卡MAC地址(00:14:4f:69:8e:00)ok cd /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0 //进入网卡路径ok .properties //查看.properties文件确认该网卡MACmac-address 00 14 4f 69 8e 00link-clock autoduplex autospeed autoassigned-addresses 82020010 00000000 03200000 00000000 0020000082020030 00000000 03100000 00000000 00100000d-fru-len 00000000d-fru-off 0000e800d-fru-dev eeproms-fru-len 00000800s-fru-off 0000e000s-fru-dev eepromcompatible pci100b,35.30pci100b,35pciclass,020000pciclass,0200pci108e,abbareg 00020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000000002020010 00000000 00000000 00000000 0020000002020030 00000000 00000000 00000000 00100000address-bits 00000030max-frame-size 00004000network-interface-type ethernetdevice_type networkname networklocal-mac-address 00 14 4f 69 8e 00version Sun Quad Gigaswift PCI-X adapter FCode 2.13 04/11/09phy-type mifboard-model 501-6738model SUNW,pci-x-qgeok3.1.3.4.配置Server服务器◆在虚拟机创建存放镜像文件的共享目录bash-3.2# mkdir –p /quan/iso◆进入光盘系统目录，安装Server启动程序bash-3.2# cd /cdrom/Sol_10_113_sparc/Solaris_10/Tools/bash-3.2# lsBoot add_install_client rm_install_clientInstallers dial setup_install_serverbash-3.2# ./setup_install_server /quan/iso/Verifying target directory...Calculating the required disk space for the Solaris_10 productCalculating space required for the installation boot imageCopying the CD image to disk...Copying Install Boot Image hierarchy...Copying /boot netboot hierarchy...Install Server setup completebash-3.2#cd /quan/isobash-3.2# du -sh * //查看文件及大小4K Copyright2K Offer_to_Provide_Source_Code.txt1.9G Solaris_10226M boot1K installer10K platformbash-3.2#◆共享安装文件存放的目录bash-3.2# share -F nfs -o ro,anon=0 -d "install server directory" /quan/iso //临时共享/quan/iso也可把上命令添加到/etc/dfs/dfstab中运行shareall永久共享bash-3.2# share //查看共享文件- /quan/iso ro,anon=0 " install server directory "bash-3.2#bash-3.2# showmount -e localhostlocalhost 的导出列表：/quan/iso （每一个）bash-3.2#◆启动tftp服务bash-3.2# vi /etc/inet/inetd.conf## Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.# Use is subject to license terms.##ident "@(#)inetd.conf 1.56 04/10/21 SMI"## Legacy configuration file for inetd(1M). See inetd.conf(4).## This file is no longer directly used to configure inetd.# The Solaris services which were formerly configured using this file# are now configured in the Service Management Facility (see smf(5))# using inetadm(1M).## Any records remaining in this file after installation or upgrade,# or later created by installing additional software, must be converted# to smf(5) services and imported into the smf repository using# inetconv(1M), otherwise the service will not be available. Once# a service has been converted using inetconv, further changes made to# its entry here are not reflected in the service.### CacheFS daemon. Provided only as a basis for conversion by inetconv(1M).#100235/1 tli rpc/ticotsord wait root /usr/lib/fs/cachefs/cachefsd cachefsd# TFTPD - tftp server (primarily used for booting)tftp dgram udp6 wait root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd in.tftpd -s /tftpboot bash-3.2# //删除最后一行前面的#注释bash-3.2# svcadm enable svc:/network/tftp/udp6:defaultsvcadm: 模式 'svc:/network/tftp/udp6:default' 与所有实例都不匹配//开启tftp服务报错bash-3.2# inetconv -i /etc/inet/inetd.conf 1>/dev/null 2>&1//将 /etc/inet/inetd.conf 项转换为 SMF 服务清单bash-3.2# svcadm enable svc:/network/tftp/udp6:default//重新开启tftp服务bash-3.2# svcs -a|grep tftp //查看tftp服务状态online 11:08:51 svc:/network/tftp/udp6:defaultbash-3.2# netstat -a | grep tftp*.tftp Idle*.tftp Idle bash-3.2#bash-3.2#3.1.3.5.添加客户端配置信息◆修改/etc/hosts 文件添加Sun Blade 2500系统的IP地址和主机名bash-3.2# vi /etc/hosts## Internet host table#::1 localhost127.0.0.1 localhost10.233.23.159 Solaris10-test loghost10.233.23.144 quan-test02bash-3.2#注意：网络引导的Server和Client的IP地址必须在同一网段；◆修改/etc/ether,添加网口MAC地址和主机名bash-3.2# vi /etc/ethers00:14:4f:69:8e:00 quan-test02bash-3.2#3.1.3.6.生成客户端启动文件bash-3.2# cd /quan/isobash-3.2# lsCopyright Solaris_10 installerOffer_to_Provide_Source_Code.txt boot platformbash-3.2# cd ./Solaris_10/Tools/bash-3.2# lsBoot add_install_client rm_install_clientInstallers dial setup_install_serverbash-3.2# ./add_install_client -e 00:14:4f:69:8e:00 quan-test02 sun4usaving original /etc/dfs/dfstab in /etc/dfs/dfstab.origAdding "share -F nfs -o ro,anon=0 /quan/iso" to /etc/dfs/dfstabmaking /tftpbootenabling network/rarp serviceenabling network/rpc/bootparams serviceupdating /etc/bootparamscopying boot file to /tftpboot/inetboot.SUN4U.Solaris_10-1bash-3.2# //生成客户端启动文件bash-3.2#bash-3.2#bash-3.2# more /etc/bootparams //查看生成的配置文件信息quan-test01 root=Solaris10-test:/quan/iso/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot install=Solaris10-test:/quan/iso boottype=:in rootopts=:rsize=8192bash-3.2# pwd/quan/iso/Solaris_10/Toolsbash-3.2# ls /tftpboot/0AE9178F 0AE91791.SUN4U rm.10.233.23.1440AE9178F.SUN4U 0AE91792 rm.10.233.23.1450AE91790 0AE91792.SUN4U rm.10.233.23.1460AE91790.SUN4U inetboot.SUN4U.Solaris_10-1 tftpboot0AE91791 rm.10.233.23.143bash-3.2#bash-3.2#注意： IP和MAC对应的主机名必须唯一一致，否则可能安装失败；3.1.3.7.安装操作系统okok boot /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0Sun Blade 2500, No KeyboardCopyright 1998-2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.OpenBoot 4.9.7, 4096 MB memory installed, Serial #60984762.Ethernet address 0:3:ba:a2:8d:ba, Host ID: 83a28dba.Rebooting with command: boot /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0Boot device: /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0 File and args:/pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0: 1000 Mbps full duplex link upTimeout waiting for ARP/RARP packetTimeout waiting for ARP/RARP packetTimeout waiting for ARP/RARP packetTimeout waiting for ARP/RARP packetTimeout waiting for ARP/RARP packet3a000 /pci@1e,600000/pci@4/network@0: 1000 Mbps full duplex link upRequesting Internet address for 0:14:4f:69:8e:0SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_147147-26 64-bitCopyright (c) 1983, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Configuring devices.Using RPC Bootparams for network configuration information.Attempting to configure interface bge0...Skipped interface bge0Attempting to configure interface ce3...Skipped interface ce3Attempting to configure interface ce2...Skipped interface ce2Attempting to configure interface ce1...Skipped interface ce1Attempting to configure interface ce0...Configured interface ce0svc:/system/filesystem/local:default: WARNING: /usr/sbin/zfs mount -a failed: one or more file systems failed to mountSetting up Java. Please wait...Serial console, reverting to text installBeginning system identification...Searching for configuration file(s)...Search complete.Discovering additional network configuration...注意：上面黄色部分会出现网口闪断，属于正常状态；Select a Language0. English1. Brazilian Portuguese2. French3. German4. Italian5. Japanese6. Korean7. Simplified Chinese8. Spanish9. Swedish10. Traditional ChinesePlease make a choice (0 - 10), or press h or ? for help: 0What type of terminal are you using?1) ANSI Standard CRT2) DEC VT523) DEC VT1004) Heathkit 195) Lear Siegler ADM316) PC Console7) Sun Command Tool8) Sun Workstation9) Televideo 91010) Televideo 92511) Wyse Model 5012) X Terminal Emulator (xterms)13) CDE Terminal Emulator (dtterm)14) OtherType the number of your choice and press Return: 3- The Oracle Solaris Installation Program --------------------------------------The Solaris installation program is divided into a series of short sectionswhere you'll be prompted to provide information for the installation. Atthe end of each section, you'll be able to change the selections you'vemade before continuing.About navigation...- The mouse cannot be used- If your keyboard does not have function keys, or they do notrespond, press ESC; the legend at the bottom of the screenwill change to show the ESC keys to use for navigation.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Identify This System ---------------------------------------------------------On the next screens, you must identify this system as networked ornon-networked, and set the default time zone and date/time.If this system is networked, the software will try to find the informationit needs to identify your system; you will be prompted to supply anyinformation it cannot find.> To begin identifying this system, press F2.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Configure Multiple Network Interfaces ----------------------------------------Multiple network interfaces have been detected on this system. Specify allof the network interfaces you want to configure.Note: You must choose at least one interface to configure.Network interfaces------------------[X] bge0[ ] ce0[ ] ce1[ ] ce2[ ] ce3-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Subnet for bge0 --------------------------------------------------------------On this screen you must specify whether this system is part of a subnet. If you specify incorrectly, the system will have problems communicating on thenetwork after you reboot.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option andpress Return to mark it [X].System part of a subnet-----------------------[X] Yes[ ] No-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Netmask for bge0 -------------------------------------------------------------On this screen you must specify the netmask of your subnet. A defaultnetmask is shown; do not accept the default unless you are sure it iscorrect for your subnet. A netmask must contain four sets of numbersseparated by periods (for example 255.255.255.0).Netmask for bge0 255.255.255.128-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- IPv6 for bge0 ----------------------------------------------------------------Specify whether or not you want to enable IPv6, the next generation Internet Protocol, on this network interface. Enabling IPv6 will have no effect ifthis machine is not on a network that provides IPv6 service. IPv4 servicewill not be affected if IPv6 is enabled.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option andpress Return to mark it [X].Enable IPv6 for bge0--------------------[ ] Yes[X] No-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- IPv6 for bge0 ----------------------------------------------------------------Specify whether or not you want to enable IPv6, the next generation Internet Protocol, on this network interface. Enabling IPv6 will have no effect ifthis machine is not on a network that provides IPv6 service. IPv4 servicewill not be affected if IPv6 is enabled.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option andpress Return to mark it [X].Enable IPv6 for bge0--------------------[ ] Yes[X] NoPlease wait...-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Set the Default Route for bge0 -----------------------------------------------To specify the default route, you can let the software try to detect oneupon reboot, you can specify the IP address of the router, or you can choose None. Choose None if you do not have a router on your subnet.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to select your choice and pressReturn to mark it [X].Default Route for bge0--------------------------[ ] Detect one upon reboot[X] Specify one[ ] None-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Default Route IP Address for bge0 --------------------------------------------Enter the IP address of the default route. This entry will be placed in the/etc/defaultrouter file and will be the default route after you reboot(example 129.146.89.225).Router IP Address for bge0 10.233.23.129-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Confirm Information for bge0 -------------------------------------------------> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2;to change any information, press F4.System part of a subnet: YesNetmask: 255.255.255.128Enable IPv6: NoDefault Route: Specify oneRouter IP Address: 10.233.23.129-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help- Configure Security Policy: --------------------------------------------------- Specify Yes if the system will use the Kerberos security mechanism.Specify No if this system will use standard UNIX security.Configure Kerberos Security---------------------------[ ] Yes[X] No-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Confirm Information ----------------------------------------------------------> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2;to change any information, press F4.Configure Kerberos Security: No-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help- Name Service -----------------------------------------------------------------On this screen you must provide name service information. Select the nameservice that will be used by this system, or None if your system will either not use a name service at all, or if it will use a name service not listedhere.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the optionand press Return to mark it [X].Name service------------[ ] NIS+[ ] NIS[ ] DNS[ ] LDAP[X] None-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Confirm Information ----------------------------------------------------------> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2;to change any information, press F4.Name service: None-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help- NFSv4 Domain Name ------------------------------------------------------------NFS version 4 uses a domain name that is automatically derived from thesystem's naming services. The derived domain name is sufficient for mostconfigurations. In a few cases, mounts that cross domain boundaries mightcause files to appear to be owned by "nobody" due to the lack of a commondomain name.The current NFSv4 default domain is: ""NFSv4 Domain Configuration----------------------------------------------[X] Use the NFSv4 domain derived by the system[ ] Specify a different NFSv4 domain-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Confirm Information for NFSv4 Domain -----------------------------------------> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2;to change any information, press F4.NFSv4 Domain Name: << Value to be derived dynamically >>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help- Time Zone --------------------------------------------------------------------On this screen you must specify your default time zone. You can specify atime zone in three ways: select one of the continents or oceans from thelist, select other - offset from GMT, or other - specify time zone file.> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option andpress Return to mark it [X].Continents and Oceans----------------------------------- [ ] Africa| [ ] Americas| [ ] Antarctica| [ ] Arctic Ocean| [X] Asia| [ ] Atlantic Ocean| [ ] Australia| [ ] Europev [ ] Indian Ocean-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Country or Region ------------------------------------------------------------> To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option andpress Return to mark it [X].Countries and Regions------------------------- [ ] Afghanistan| [ ] Armenia| [ ] Azerbaijan| [ ] Bahrain| [ ] Bangladesh| [ ] Bhutan| [ ] Brunei| [ ] Cambodia| [X] China| [ ] Cyprus| [ ] East Timor| [ ] Georgiav [ ] Hong Kong-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Date and Time ----------------------------------------------------------------> Accept the default date and time or enternew values.Date and time: 2014-11-12 15:21Year (4 digits) : 2014Month (1-12) : 11Day (1-31) : 12Hour (0-23) : 15Minute (0-59) : 21-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Confirm Information ----------------------------------------------------------> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2;to change any information, press F4.Time zone: PRCDate and time: 2014-11-12 15:21:00-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help- Root Password ---------------------------------------------------------------- Please enter the root password for this system.The root password may contain alphanumeric and special characters. Forsecurity, the password will not be displayed on the screen as you type it.> If you do not want a root password, leave both entries blank.Root password: *******Root password: *******-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Enabling remote services ----------------------------------------------------- Would you like to enable network services for use by remote clients?Selecting "No" provides a more secure configuration inwhich Secure Shell is the only network service provided toremote clients. Selecting "Yes" enables a larger set ofservices as in previous Solaris releases. If in doubt, it issafe to select "No" as any services can be individually enabledafter installation.Note: This choice only affects initial installs. It doesn't affect upgrades.Remote services enabled-----------------------[X] Yes[ ] No-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Provide Oracle Configuration Manager Registration Information ----------------To improve products and services, Oracle Solaris communicates configurationdata to Oracle after rebooting.You can register your version of Oracle Solaris to capture this data foryour use, or the data is sent anonymously.For information about what configuration data is communicated and how tocontrol this facility, see the Release Notes or/goto/solarisautoreg> Use the arrow keys to select the option and press Return tomark it [X].-----------------------------------------------------------------[X] I would like to register using My Oracle Support information.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_Help- Provide Oracle Configuration Manager Registration Information ----------------To register, complete the following fields:- Confirm your existing My Oracle Support information.- If using a proxy server, provide the proxy settings.Provide your email address to be informed of security issues, install andinitiate Oracle Configuration Manager. Easier for you if you use your MyOracle Support Email Address/User Name.For information about what configuration data is communicated and how tocontrol this facility, see the Release Notes or/goto/solarisautoregProvide your My Oracle Support password to receive security updates via your My Oracle Support account.User Name/Email: My Oracle Support Password:Proxy Server Host Name:Proxy Server Port Number:HTTP Proxy User Name:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F6_HelpSystem identification is completed.System identification complete.Starting Solaris installation program...Executing JumpStart preinstall phase...Searching for SolStart directory...Checking rules.ok file...Using begin script: install_beginUsing finish script: patch_finishExecuting SolStart preinstall phase...Executing begin script "install_begin"...Begin script install_begin execution completed.- Solaris Interactive Installation ---------------------------------------------On the following screens, you can accept the defaults or you can customizehow Solaris software will be installed by:- Selecting the type of Solaris software to install- Selecting disks to hold software you've selected- Selecting unbundled products to be installed with Solaris- Specifying how file systems are laid out on the disksAfter completing these tasks, a summary of your selections (called aprofile) will be displayed.There are two ways to install your Solaris software:- "Standard" installs your system from a standard Solaris Distribution.Selecting "Standard" allows you to choose between initial installand upgrade, if your system is upgradable.- "Flash" installs your system from one or more Flash Archives.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Standard F4_Flash F5_Exit F6_Help- iSCSI Installation ----------------------------------------------------------- Do you want to install Oracle Solaris 10 on an iSCSI target?NOTE: You must have created the iSCSI target before beginning the OSinstallation and the target system should be running Oracle Solaris 11 orSolaris 10 U5 or greater.If you choose to install the OS on a non-iSCSI target, you will be takendirectly to the Oracle Solaris 10 installation screens.[X] Install on non-iSCSI target[ ] Install on iSCSI target-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F3_Go Back F5_Exit- Eject a CD/DVD Automatically? ------------------------------------------------During the installation of Solaris software, you may be using one or moreCDs/DVDs. You can choose to have the system eject each CD/DVD automaticallyafter it is installed or you can choose to manually eject each CD/DVD.[X] Automatically eject CD/DVD[ ] Manually eject CD/DVD-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F3_Go Back F5_Exit- Reboot After Installation? ---------------------------------------------------After Solaris software is installed, the system must be rebooted. You canchoose to have the system automatically reboot, or you can choose tomanually reboot the system if you want to run scripts or do othercustomizations before the reboot. You can manually reboot a system by using the reboot(1M) command.[X] Auto Reboot[ ] Manual Reboot-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F3_Go Back F5_Exit- Choose Media -----------------------------------------------------------------Please specify the media from which you will install the Solaris OperatingSystem.Media:[ ] CD/DVD[X] Network File System-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F3_Go Back F5_Exit- Specify Network File System Path ---------------------------------------------Please specify the path to the network file system from which you willinstall the Solaris Operating System. Example:NFS Location: server:/path_to_Solaris_image============================================================================NFS Location: 10.233.23.159:/quan/iso-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Continue F3_Go Back- Solaris Interactive Installation ---------------------------------------------This system is upgradable, so there are two ways to install the Solarissoftware.The Upgrade option updates the Solaris software to the new release, savingas many modifications to the previous version of Solaris software aspossible. Back up the system before using the Upgrade option.The Initial option overwrites the system disks with the new version ofSolaris software. This option allows you to preserve any existing filesystems. Back up any modifications made to the previous version of Solarissoftware before starting the Initial option.After you select an option and complete the tasks that follow, a summary ofyour actions will be displayed.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F2_Upgrade F3_Go Back F4_Initial F5_Exit F6_Help由于硬盘中有原来的操作系统，选择初始化安装。
