新世纪大学英语综合教程4第二版unit1课文翻译

Text A人在自然界|亚历山大·斯伯金Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destruction of Mother Nature.人类生活在大自然的王国里。

他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。

人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。

我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。

Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by "blood" ties and we cannot live outside nature.人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。

英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天,超过65 万的大学生毕业离校,其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作.在当今金融危机的背景下,做父母的该如何激励他们？1七月,你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍,戴上四方帽,骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书,拍毕业照.这时,记忆中每年支付几千英镑,好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退.但现在,你又不得不再考虑钱的问题.2等到暑假快要结束,全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候,你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视.除此之外,他只是偶尔发发短信,浏览社交Facebook,或者去酒吧喝酒.这位属于"千禧一代〞的年轻人一夜之间变成了"抱怨一代〞的成员.他能找到工作吗？3这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天,超过65万的大学生毕业,在当今金融危机的背景下,他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么.父母只会唠叨,而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者.他们知道自己该找份工作,但却不知道如何去找.4来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业,获得二级一等荣誉学士学位.他走进大学就业服务中心,但又径直走了出来,因为他看见很多人在那里排长队.跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样,进去又出来了.找工作的压力不大,虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划.5他说："我申请政治学研究工作,但被拒绝了.他们给的年薪是1.8万镑,交完房租后所剩无几,也就够买一罐豆子,可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人.然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划,并通过了笔试.但在面试时,他们说我‘太冷漠’了,谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’.我觉得自己不可能那样,但我显然就是那样的.〞6打那以后,他整个夏天都在"隐身〞.他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的若干片段.他白天看电视的时间太长,已经到了影响健康的地步.跟朋友谈起自己漫无目标的日子时,他才发现他们的处境和自己一样.其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市上货,其余的则都是朝九晚五地"无所事事〞,晚上则去酒吧喝酒打发时间.要么,干脆就在酒吧工作？这样还可以挣些酒钱."我不想在酒吧工作.我上的是综合学校,我拼命读书才考上了一所好大学.到了大学,我又埋头苦读, 才取得一个好学位.可现在我却跟那些没上过大学的做无聊的酒吧侍应的朋友处在同一个水平线上.我觉得自己好像兜了一圈,又回到了原来的起点.〞7他的母亲杰奎琳·古德温替他辩护.她坚持认为她的儿子已经尽力找工作了.但由于她自己中学毕业后一直都在工作,所以她和她的丈夫发现,建议儿子如何继续找工作是件很棘手的事情.她说："我一直都不得不工作.而现在的年轻人很难做到这一点,因为如果你有了学位,学位就会为你提供新的机会,至少你自己会这么想.〞8虽然目前她对儿子的态度还比较温和,但是她心里很清楚,去南美度三星期的假之后,他的休假就该结束了.他可能还得付房租,并分担家庭开支.9 她说："在某个时候孩子们总要长大成人.我们已经帮他交了大学的学费,所以他也该给我们一点点回报了.南美度假就是一个分水岭,他回来以后如果找不到工作,那就圣诞节打零工好了.〞10心理治疗师盖尔·林登费尔德是《情感康复策略》的作者.她说古德温夫妇的做法是很恰当的.从大学到工作的转换对父母和孩子来说都很艰难,关键是父母要在支持理解孩子和不溺爱孩子之间找到一个平衡点.11"父母的主要任务就是支持孩子,如果他们教导孩子该如何做,那么就会引起矛盾.但如果有熟人,一定要找他们想办法,〞她说."很多父母心太软了.必须限制孩子的零花钱,要求他们交房租, 或分担日常生活或养宠物的开销.父母要维持正常的生活,不要让孩子随便用你们的银行账户或者榨干你们的情感能量.〞12为孩子支付职业咨询费、面试交通费或书费是好事,但不能催得太紧.林登费尔德建议：虽说父母不能太宽容,但是如果孩子找工作遇到了挫折,父母应该体谅他们,宽容他们几天甚至几周——这取决于他们受打击的程度.等他们缓过来之后,父母就该坚决要求孩子继续求职.13男孩更容易窝在家里.林登费尔德相信男人比母亲和姐妹更容易帮助儿子、侄子或朋友的儿子.她说,由于男人和女人处理挫折的方式不同,所以男孩需要跟男人谈话才能渡过难关.14林登费尔德强烈支持去酒吧打工：那是克服毕业冷漠症的一剂良方.这工作好不好要取决于你如何看待它.就是在酒吧打工的时候,林登费尔德找到了她的第一份当航拍助手的工作.她说在酒吧工作是拓展人际关系的绝好机会,肯定比赖在家里看电视更容易找到工作.15她说："在超市上货也一样.如果干得好,你就会被人发现的.如果你聪明、活泼,礼貌待客,你很快就会升职.所以,把它看作是机会.那些最终成功的人士很多都有在超市上货的经历.〞16你的儿女可能不会干好莱坞影星们干过的活,比如像乌比·戈德堡那样去停尸房给死人化妆,或者像布鲁斯·威利斯那样在核电站当警卫,但即便是布拉德·皮特也曾经不得不穿上宽大的小鸡模样的服装站在快餐连锁店El Pollo Loco的门口招揽生意.他们中没有一个人因为这些经历而变得更加穷困.Passage 2依我看1 依我看,现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好.我们上了12年的中小学,又上了3年的大学,这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会,可我遇到的又是什么呢？2 无论我怎么想保持心情愉快,可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是和人发生矛盾〔尤其是跟男孩子——他们什么时候才能长大？〕,但通常是为钱发愁.这个地方什么东西都很贵！人人都想从我身上赚点钱：税务局要收个人所得税,银行经理要我偿清学生贷款,房东催我交房租、燃气费、水费、电费,手机账单也不断地寄来.所有这些还没算上吃饭的钱.更可气的是,不知从哪里冒出一个自作聪明的家伙给我打,问我要不要买养老金.照这样下去,我甚至都支撑不到年底, 更别提活到60岁领养老金了.3 我那时还不想出去工作.我的意思是,我并不是个逃避现实社会的人,但我知道自己未来某一天可能不得不逃避现实.许多人认为"生活不是野餐〞,"没有免费的午餐〞.但既然我拿到了优等生文凭,我想我应该继续攻读硕士学位.实际上,我已经看中了伦敦政治经济学院的课程.这是一所顶尖的学校,能给我的履历表增添一段光彩的经历.但当我跟妈妈谈起这件事时,她说她没法继续供我上学了.我大概能理解她的心情,但并不仅仅是因为我学的是经济学.15年来,为了能让我上学,她含辛茹苦.这些年来,父亲大部分时间都不在家.就算在家,他也没钱.他把钱都拿去赌狗、喝酒了.所以我听了妈妈的话,向命运低下了头.4 依我看,不管人们说什么,幸运的是世上还有很多好心人.迈克就是其中的一个.大学毕业时,我想如果我回家,妈妈就会觉得她有责任照顾我.所以,我就收拾行李去伦敦找工作.我想找金融和投资方面的职位,因为你知道这样我就可以用上我的专业知识.可是那时候已经没有这样的工作了,但我又不愿意做复印文件、端茶倒水之类的乏味的办公室工作.5 在伦敦,无论走到什么地方,你都能找到一个好酒吧.有一天,我意识到这个城市没有人会雇我,于是我走进位于利德贺街的索尔兹伯里酒吧去喝酒,顺便吃点东西.店主迈克正在店里,他一只手倒酒,一只手做三明治,同时还洗酒杯.他真的好像有三只手.他好像也认识所有的客人,叫得出常客的名字.他跟他们打招呼,帮他们调好酒,并问一句："今天还喝这个,是吧？〞我觉得他看起来蛮酷的,他在做着他最擅长的事情：为那些口渴的顾客服务,没人能比得上他.所以我就走上前去问他要不要雇人.6 好吧,长话短说,某个周五的午餐时间我开始在那个酒吧打工.这份工作要求很高,但我喜欢.顾客好像觉得我很有趣,这也让我感觉好一些.有位穿西服的中年常客总要半杯苦啤酒和一份火腿泡菜三明治,面包皮要削掉.他叫托尼.我一看见他进来,尽量不等他开口就准备好他的午餐.他也是一个好心人.7 依我看,一个人没钱的时候花钱最容易.我开始琢磨怎么花第一个月的薪水了.我住的公寓房租很贵,我挣的钱刚够支付第一个月的大笔账单,但是我估计还能剩点钱好好犒劳一下自己.我想,何不买张CD或买盆花草装点一下房间？8 发工资的那天正好是我的生日,除了迈克和托尼,我在伦敦就没有别的朋友了.如果你知道我那时还没有男朋友,你就会理解我为什么为自己感到难过了.我给自己定了些鲜花,让卖花的人附上一张卡片,上面写道："给你我所有的爱.无名氏〞.我生日那天最精彩的瞬间将会是送花人送我花时大惑不解的眼神.9 那周晚些时候,托尼像往常一样来了,在酒吧里坐下."你怎么了？今天怎么不见你笑啦？〞我跟他聊天……嗯,差不多什么都跟他说了：钱、硕士学位、生日,一切的一切.他很同情我.10 托尼离开搁脚凳、走过去和另外几个人说话.别忘了：索尔兹伯里酒吧位于金融城的中心,所以这里所有的顾客都从事银行、保险或证券工作.第二天,他拿着价值两万英镑的几张支票来到酒吧,对我说："这是给你的创业贷款,你唯一的贷款担保就是我对你的信任,相信有一天你赚了钱会把钱还给我们.如果你还不了钱,那就太糟了,不过对你来说,也算是做过金融生意了.但是,我相信你还得了.〞11 我没说话,我怕我自己要哭了.世上怎么会有这么好的人？12 那些花怎么处理？我叫花店改送到妈妈那里去了,我生日那天鲜花正好送到.她才应该得到这些鲜花,不是吗？13 依我看,回顾这些年的经历,我发现人一辈子只需要一两次的机缘就能成功.就算其余时候都在吃苦受累也不要紧,那是值得的.14 在索尔兹伯里酒吧干了一年之后,我去了伦敦政治经济学院深造.拿到硕士学位之后,我在一家投资银行找到了一份工作.我把那两万英镑投进了证券市场,在20##金融崩盘之前卖掉了所有的股票.我把托尼和其他投资者的钱还了,付给他们10%的年息,并成立了自己的公司.公司的生意好得出乎意料,至今还红红火火.15 托尼给我写了一封感谢信.他出了车祸,现在不能走路了.我还给他的钱正好可以用来改造房子.房子改造后他就可以坐着轮椅在家里自由活动了.下面是他信里写的话：16 "我从事银行业35年来最好的投资就是给你的这笔贷款,你连本带利地偿还了贷款,我对你的信任和你的诚实都获得了百倍的回报.依我看,在人身上投资能带来你所期望的最好的回报.〞17 依我看,他说得对.你说呢？英译汉Google has spent years analyzing who succeeds at the pany. They have moved away from a focus on GPAs, brand-name schools, and interview brain teasers <智力测验题>. Google’s Senior Vice President of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, suggests that credentials are no longer sufficient for success. Bock points out that graduates of top schools can lack intellectual humility and that succeeding in academia isn’t always a sign of being able to do a job.Successful bright young graduates rarely experience failure, and they find that their academic careers have not prepared them to fail gracefully in the real world. Google recognizes the importance of intellectual humility in its applicants. The pany looks for the ability to step back and embrace other peop le’s ideas when those ideas are better. Bock says the No.1 thing he is looking for is general cognitive ability. It is learning ability. It is the ability to process information on the fly.谷歌公司就什么人能在该公司取得成功这个问题做了多年的研究,研究关注的焦点不再是绩点、名牌大学、面试智力测验题.谷歌人力运营部高级副总裁拉斯洛·博克认为,想取得成功,只拥有学历证书是不够的.博克指出,顶尖高校的毕业生可能缺少智力上的谦逊,并且学业上的成功并不意味着工作能力强.聪明的年轻学霸毕业生很少经历失败,他们会发现,在现实生活中,学业生涯并没有使自己做好大方接受失败的准备.谷歌认识到应聘者具有智力上的谦逊是十分重要的,他们所寻找的是一种能退一步思考、接受别人更好想法的能力.博克说他想寻找的首要素质就是常规的认知能力.那是一种学习的能力,是在繁忙的工作中处理信息的能力.汉译英"创客〞指勇于创新,努力将自己的创意变为现实的人.这个词译自英文单词maker,源于美国麻省理工学院〔Massachusetts Institute of Technology〕微观装配实验室〔fabrication laboratory〕的课题.该课题以客户为中心,以创新为理念,由个人设计、制造满足个人需要的智能设备,参与该课题的学生即"创客〞.在中国,"创客〞特指具有创新理念、自主创业的人.中国的"创客〞即包括发明新设备的科技达人,也包括软件开发者、艺术家、设计师等诸多领域的优秀代表.Chuangke is a term that refers to innovative people who make an effort to turn their cuttingedge ideas into reality. The term is translated from the English word maker, which is derived from the fabrication laboratory project of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the US. It is a consumer-centred project, emphasizing innovation and designed to empower individuals to develop and produce smart devices to suit personal needs. The students participating in the project arecalled "makers〞. In China, Chuangke refers to those who start their own businesses with innovative ideas. Chinese makers include tech-savvy people who dedicate themselves to creating new devices and distinguished innovators in various fields, such as software developers, artists and designers.Unit2passage1危险！书可能会改变你的人生Danger! Books may change your life1刘易斯·卡罗尔书中的爱丽丝不小心掉进了兔子洞里,但她在那里发现了一个神奇的仙境.当我们打开一本书时,我们也会像爱丽丝那样走进一个全新的世界.我们能从一个年长者的角度,或通过一个孩子的眼睛来观察生活；我们可以周游世界,遍访现实生活中从没想过要访问的国家和文化；我们可以体验未曾经历过的事情,这些事情也许令人困惑,也许引人入胜；可能是不愉快的,也可能是令人痛苦的,但无论如何都至少能把我们从现实世界中解放出来.2 英国诗人威廉·柯珀〔1731–1800〕说："变化是生活的调味品,它让生活变得有滋有味.〞虽然他没有说在什么地方以与怎样才能找到变化,但我们知道他说得对.我们知道我们生活在一个充满变化与差异的世界里,我们知道人们的生活各不相同,过日子的方式也不尽相同,人们做不同的工作,有不同的信仰,持不同的观点,有不同的风俗习惯,操不同的语言.通常,我们不知道这些差异的大小,但一旦发生了不平常的事情并引起了我们的注意,这种变化或差异与其说是机会,毋宁说是威胁.3 读书让我们能够安全地享受和庆贺这种变化与差异,并为我们提供成长的机会.在家里安详平和的环境中与他人的生活互动,这是阅读小说才享有的特权.我们甚至感觉到——哪怕只是在一瞬间——我们和其他文化读者的共同点或许要多于我们和家门口随便碰到的一个人的共同点.我们学会把目光移出我们周围的环境,投向天边,去领略一下异域风光.4 如果我们怀疑读书是否能给我们力量的话,我们就应该自己去一趟当地的图书馆或书店,或者,如果我们足够幸运的话,可以读一读家里书架上的书.我们会惊奇于古今小说的标题所创造出来的壮观景象：约翰·斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》、约翰·欧文的《第四只手》、亚历山大·索尔仁尼琴的《癌病房》、欧内斯特·海明威的《丧钟为谁而鸣》、格雷厄姆·格林的《哈瓦那特派员》、奥黛丽·尼芬格的《时间旅行者的妻子》、保罗·托迪的《到也门钓鲑鱼》.一旦开始阅读,我们就应该思考一下我们在书中读到的别样人生.5 每一本书都有自己的语言、方言、词汇和语法.我们不见得总能理解其中的每一个字、每一句话,但不管我们是痴迷其中,还是觉得被排斥在外,我们的情感被调动起来了.尽管在地理上有一定的距离,但其他民族、其他文化未必就离我们那么遥远.在书里我们可能遇见生活在不同气候、有不同信仰、属于不同种族的人.即便是住在同一条街上的邻居,我们也可能对其一无所知,而只能通过阅读结识.6 小时候,在我们刚刚能听懂别人说话的时候书就对我们的生活方式产生了很大的影响.从父母读的睡前故事一直到成年后家中摆满书的客厅,书界定了我们的人生.英国作家E. M.福斯特〔1879–1970〕暗示书对我们具有另一种更加神秘的支配力.他写道："我认为能影响我们的书籍是那些我们已经准备要读的书,而且这些书在我们已经选定的道路上走得比我们更远一些.〞合适的书好像自己就会在恰当的时候找到我们,出现在我们面前,而不是我们去寻找那本书.7 美国修士、牧师与作家托马斯·默顿〔1915–1968〕曾经被记者一连串地问了7个问题：说出你最近读完的3本书；你正在读的3本书；你打算要读的书；对你有影响的书,并解释一下理由；一本你觉得每人都要读的书,并解释一下理由.关于对他有影响的书,他列出了威廉·布莱克的诗集、古希腊思想家和作家写的各种戏剧以与一些##作品.当被问与这些书为何会影响他时,他回答说："这些书——还有其他类似的书籍——帮助我找到了人生的真谛.销售就是一切的文化培育了人们无止境的需求和消极被动,生活充满了困惑和空虚,而书籍则把我从这种困惑和空虚中解脱了出来.〞8 那么,你又会如何回答这些问题呢？9 1947年,克里夫顿·费迪曼发明了"全垒打书籍〞这个词.当一个棒球手打出一个全垒打时,因为击球有力、打得远,他有时间跑完整个棒球场内的四个垒,不仅自己得分,而且还能帮其他各个垒的跑垒者得分,这是棒球赛里最有趣和最开心的事情.同样,一本"全垒打书籍〞指的不是儿童第一次读书的经历,而是指他第一次读到一本给他带来极大愉悦和满足感的书以至于让他爱不释手的经历.对世界上数以亿计的儿童来说,"全垒打书籍〞的最典型的例子就是《哈利·波特》系列故事.10 作为作为成年人,我们总在寻找自己的"全垒打书籍〞,不仅是第一次,而是一次又一次地寻找.所有曾经一口气读完一本小说的人都会记得那种令人期待的愉悦和满足感,并会焦急、固执、有时甚至疯狂地寻求重复体验这种感觉.我们想周游另一个世界、想与不同的人见面、想经历别样的人生并自我反省,我们无法遏制这样的渴求.11 危险！书可能会改变你的人生.这就是读书的力量.Passage 2它们是活生生的,而且它们在跟我说话1 我坐在一间小屋子里,屋子的一面墙边排满了书.这是我头一次有闲工夫和一堆书这样的东西打交道.所有的书加起来最多不超过500本,但大多数是我自己挑的.自打我开始写作生涯以来,我第一次得到我一直渴望拥有的这么多书.事实上,我过去的大多数工作都不依靠图书馆,我把这看成是优势,而不是劣势.2 我想到的与读书相关的头一件事就是夺书大战.请注意,不是拥有它们,而是要把它们搞到手.从我对书着迷开始,我就面对着重重困难.公共图书馆里我要借的书总是被借出去了,当然,我又没钱买书.我那时只有十八九岁,要想得到社区图书馆的批准借阅类似斯特林堡写的《痴人的忏悔》这样"不道德〞的书是不可能的.在那个年代,年轻人禁读的书都根据其违背道德的程度被标记了星星——一颗星、两颗星、三颗星.我猜想,这种做法至今依然存在.我也希望如此,因为我知道,没有任何别的方法比这种愚蠢的分类和禁止更能吊起读者的胃口.3 我经常思考一个问题,那就是是什么让一本书有了生命力？我觉得答案很简单：一本书之所以有生命力,是因为读者满怀激情地推荐它.这是人的基本冲动,什么都阻挡不了.不管愤世嫉俗者和遁世者持何种观点,我相信人们总是会尽力分享自己感触最深的经验.4 书是人类最为珍爱的几样东西之一.人越好,就越愿意与他人分享自己的珍藏.搁置在书架上、无人翻阅的书就像是废弃的弹药.书和钱一样要流通起来,要最大限度地流通起来！尤其是书,因为书所代表的东西比钱要多得多.书不仅是朋友,它还可以帮你结交朋友.当你在精神上、心灵上拥有一本书的时候,你的人生就变得丰富多彩.而当你把书转给别人的时候,你的人生就更加丰富.5 说到这里,我有一种抑制不住的冲动想给大家提出一条无端的忠告.那就是：读书尽量少而精,而不是越多越好！唉,不要怀疑我嫉妒那些在书堆里埋头读书的人.我私下里也确实想尽力读完所有一直想读的书.但是,我知道这并不重要,我现在知道我读过的书中只有不到十分之一是我需要读的.人生中最难办到的事情莫过于学会只做对自己有益的事情,这是至关重要的.6 我是经过慎重考虑才提出这条宝贵的忠告的,有一个高招可以检验它是否有效.当你碰到一本你想读或觉得该读的书的时候,先把书搁下,放几天再说.但你要多琢磨这本书,仔细琢磨书名和作者的名字.想想如果让你来写这本书,你会写些什么.认真地问问自己是否有必要把这本书纳入自己的知识库或娱乐储备.尽力想象一下,放弃这份额外的乐趣或启迪对你将意味着什么？之后,如果你觉得你必须读这本书,那么观察一下你在"啃〞这本书的时候是否表现出非凡的洞察力.同时你也观察一下：即使这本书很诱人,它也许并没有给你带来什么新的东西.只要坦诚对己,你就会发现：只要抑制住自己的冲动,你的境界就提高了.7 不容置疑的是,大多数书都互相重复,在文体或内容上让人感到具有独创性的书实在是少之又少.在整个文学库藏中,只有极少数作品——或许不到50本——是独具一格的.在最近出版的一部自传体小说中,布莱斯·桑德拉尔指出,雷·德·古尔蒙之所以能够选择并通读文学领域中一切值得读的书籍,就是因为他知识渊博,并且了解书的这种重复性.桑德拉尔本人就是一个博览群书的人,没有人会怀疑这一点.他阅读了大部分作家的原作.不仅如此,一旦他喜欢上一个作家,他就会阅读这个作家写的每一本书,包括他的书信以与所有有关他的书籍.我猜想,在当今世界上,几乎没有人能像他一样,不仅读得广、读得精,而且还著述颇丰.可以说这一切都是在业余时间完成的.因为桑德拉尔是一个十足的行动家,一个四处跋涉的冒险家和探险家,一个懂得如何"肆意浪费〞时间的人.从某种意义上说,他是文学界的凯撒大帝.英译汉E-books have changed the way we read, in ways both good and bad. On the plus side, people are reading more books. Amazon’s Kindle e-reader and the Google Book Search service have now made a huge number of books available. According to data from Amazon, the convenience of access offered by the Kindle has resulted in users buying significantly more books than they did before owning the device. However, although people are reading more, they may be doing so with less focus. Amazon has released a version of the Kindle app for reading its e-books on an iPhone, which means it will be much easier for readers to be distracted from their e-books as they switch to surfing the Internet and checking email and social media updates. As people read with less attention, they will no longer find themselves immersed in their books — one of the great joys of reading.电子书改变了我们的阅读方式,这种改变既有好的一面也有坏的一面.从好的方面说,人们现在读书的量在增多.随着亚马逊Kindle 电子阅读器和谷歌图书搜索服务的出现,人们现在可以读到海量的图书.亚马逊的数据表明,Kindle 用户在拥有Kindle 电子阅读器之后购书量显著上升,因为用Kindle 购书更加便捷了.虽然人们的读书量在增多,但读书专注度却在下降.亚马逊发布了一款Kindle 应用程序供人们在苹果手机上阅读Kindle 电子书,这意味着读者看电。

全新版大学英语综合教程4课后翻译Unit 11. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。

2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticatedweapons.我们不能低估敌人,他们装备了最先进的武器。

3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasinglydesperate.菲尔已经三个月没有找到工作了,正在变得越来越绝望。

4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.作为项目经理,山姆办事果断,工作效率高,且判断准确。

5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.既然已经证实这家化工厂是污染源,村委会决定将其关闭,为此损失了一百个工作岗位。

Unit 21.There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.空气有一种不寻常的寂静,只有远处响着大炮的声音。

2. The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall inliving standards and an increase in social problems.在某些非洲国家城市的扩展已经引起生活水平相当大的下降和社会问题的增多。

综合教程4翻译及参考答案U1~U6Unit 11.这个村子离边境很近，村民们一直担心会受到敌人的攻击。

(live in fear of)The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2.这个国家仅用了20年的时间就发展成了一个先进的工业强国。

(transform)In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3.看到项目顺利完成，那些为此投入了大量时间和精力的人们都感到非常自豪。

(invest in)Seeing the project completed successfully, those who invest a wealth of time and energy in it feel very proud.4.鉴于目前的金融形势，美元进一步贬值(devalue)是不可避免的。

(inevitable)Given to the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollars will be further devalued.5.现在的汽车太多了，这个地区的道路几乎无法应对当前的交通状况。

(cope with)There are so many cars nowadays that the rose in this area can hardly cope with the current traffic situation.6.天气没有出现好转的迹象，所以政府号召我们做好防洪的准备。

(show signs of; call upon)The weather didn’t show signs of improvement, so the government called upon us to make a good preparation for floods.7.那场车祸以后，爱丽丝卧床十几年不起，所以她的康复真是一个奇迹。

英语翻译Unit one Nine to fivepassage1 大学毕业找工作的第一要义：别躺在沙发上做梦今年夏天，超过65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。

在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？1 七月，你看着英俊的21岁的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着大学荣誉学位证书，拍毕业照。

这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会的记忆开始消退。

但现在，你又不得不再考虑钱的问题。

2 等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你却发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。

除此之外，他只是偶尔发发短信，浏览社交网站Facebook，或者去酒吧喝酒。

这位属于“千禧一代”的年轻人一夜之间变成了“抱怨一代”的成员。

他能找到工作吗？3 这就是成千上万家庭所面临的状况：今年夏天，超过65万的大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下，他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。

父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者。

他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。

4 来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克·古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。

他走进大学就业服务中心，但又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。

跟他一起住的另外5个男孩子也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。

找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更明确的计划。

5 他说：“我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒绝了。

他们给的年薪是1.8万镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐豆子，可他们还要有工作经历或硕士学位的人。

然后我又申请参加快速晋升人才培养计划，并通过了笔试。

但在面试时，他们说我‘太冷漠’了，谈吐‘太像专家政治论者’。

我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。

”6 打那以后，他整个夏天都在“隐身”。

他能够轻松地复述出电视剧《交通警察》中的若干片段。

他白天看电视的时间太长，已经到了影响健康的地步。

Unit 1Text A人在自然界|亚历山大·斯伯金Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destruction of Mother Nature.人类生活在大自然的王国里。

他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。

人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。

我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。

Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by "blood" ties and we cannot live outside nature.人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。

绝不屈服，绝不，绝不，绝不温斯顿·丘吉尔1 将近一年前，应贵校校长盛情邀请，我来到这里唱了几首我们自己的歌曲，既为自己加油，也为一些朋友打气。

过去的10个月中全世界发生了可怕的、灾难性的事件——盛衰浮沉、厄运磨难——但是，今天下午，这个10月的下午，在座有哪一位不会因为这段时间所发生的一切，因为我们家国境况的改善，而心存感激呢？是的，上次我来这里时我们还孤立无援，形单影只，这种状况持续了五六个月。

当时我们装备简陋，现在有所改善，但那时真是家徒四壁。

我们曾面临着敌人的巨大威胁，而他们至今对我们狂轰滥炸，你们自己对于这种袭击都有亲身感受；我料想你们已经开始按捺不住了，因为这么长的一段时间里，我们碌碌无为，按兵不动。

2 但我们必须学会同样善于应付短暂而干脆与漫长而艰难的局面。

人们普遍认为英国人最终总是会胜出的。

他们不指望关键时刻接踵而至；他们不是一直期待每天都有决战的重大机会；不过一旦深思熟虑之后决意出手，即便需要经年累月，他们也矢志不渝。

3 回首10个月前我们在此地的相聚，对比现在，我觉得我们可以汲取的另一个教训就是，事物的表象常常是很有欺骗性的。

吉卜林说得好：我们必须“……面对胜利和灾难，以同样的方式对待这两个骗子。

”4 光看表象很难判断事物将何去何从。

有时想象的情景比事实糟糕很多，但缺乏想象人们会碌碌无为。

那些想象力丰富的人们也许预想的危险比现实多很多；当然，还会发生很多危险；然而他们也必须祈祷获得更多勇气来维持这样深远的想象。

当然，对每个人而言，我们在这个阶段经历的一切——我正在对学校发表演讲——诚然这是我们从这10个月中得到的教训：绝不屈服，绝不屈服，绝不，绝不，绝不，绝不——无论事务巨细——都绝不屈服，除非你坚信屈服是光荣的明智之举。

绝不屈服于强权，绝不屈服于貌似气势排山倒海的强敌。

一年前我们孤军作战，许多国家都以为我们被彻底打败了，我们完蛋了。

我们所有的传统，我们的歌曲，我们的校史，我们国家的这部分历史，已经消逝、告终与完结。

Unit 1Never Give In, Never, Never, NeverWinston ChurchillAlmost a year has passed since I came down here at your Head Master's kind invitation in order to cheer myself and cheer the hearts of a few of my friends by singing some of our own songs. The ten months that have passed have seen very terrible catastrophic events in the world—ups and downs, misfortunes—but can anyone sitting here this afternoon, this October afternoon, not feel deeply thankful for what has happened in the time that has passed and for the very great improvement in the position of our country and of our home? Why, when I was here last time we were quite alone, desperately alone, and we had been so for five or six months. We were poorly armed. We are not so poorly armed today; but then we were very poorly armed. We had the unmeasured menace of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us, and you yourselves had had experience of this attack; and I expect you are beginning to feel impatient that there has been this long lull with nothing particular turning up!But we must learn to be equally good at what is short and sharp and what is long and tough. It is generally said that the British are often better at the last. They do not expect to move from crisis to crisis; they do not always expect that each day will bring up some noble chance of war; but when they very slowly make up their minds that the thing has to be done and the job put through and finished, then, even if it takes months—if it takes years—they do it.Another lesson I think we may take, just throwing our minds back to our meeting here ten months ago and now, is that appearances are often very deceptive, and as Kipling well says, we must "... meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two impostors just the same."You cannot tell from appearances how things will go. Sometimes imagination makes things out far worse than they are; yet without imagination not much can be done. Those people who are imaginative see many more dangers than perhaps exist; certainly many more will happen; but then they must also pray to be given that extra courage to carry this far-reaching imagination. But for everyone, surely, what we have gone through in this period—I am addressing myself to the school—surely from this period of ten months this is the lesson: never give in, never give in, never, never, never, never—in nothing, great or small, large or petty—never give in except to convictions of honour and goodsense. Never yield to force; never yield to the apparently overwhelming might of the enemy. We stood all alone a year ago, and to many countries it seemed that our account was closed, we were finished. All this tradition of ours, our songs, our school history, this part of the history of this country, were gone and finished and liquidated.Very different is the mood today. Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across her slate. But instead our country stood in the gap. There was no flinching and no thought of giving in; and by what seemed almost a miracle to those outside these islands, though we ourselves never doubted it, we now find ourselves in a position where I say that we can be sure that we have only to persevere to conquer.You sang here a verse of a school song: you sang that extra verse written in my honour, which I was very greatly complimented by and which you have repeated today. But there is one word in it I want to alter—I wanted to do so last year, but I did not venture to. It is the line: "Not less we praise in darker days."I have obtained the Head Master's permission to alter darker to sterner. "Not less we praise in sterner days."Do not let us speak of darker days: let us speak rather of sterner days. These are not dark days; these are great days—the greatest days our country has ever lived; and we must all thank God that we have been allowed, each of us according to our stations, to play a part in making these days memorable in the history of our race.绝不屈服，绝不，绝不，绝不温斯顿·丘吉尔1 将近一年前，应贵校校长盛情邀请，我来到这里唱了几首我们自己的歌曲，既为自己加油，也为一些朋友打气。

二、课文精解Text A1.Not only has man transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions,he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals.人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境，也改变了他生活环境的地貌和气候并使动植物因之而发生转变。

句子的主干为:not only has man transferred…,he has also changed…and transformed…；本句采用not only...but also句型引导的并列句，前半句中not only 置于句首，所以使用了倒装结构。

transfer sb./sth.from…to…把某事物/某人从…调动、转移到…。

例：He was transferred from Weston Hospital to Frenchay.他从韦斯顿医院转院到了法兰查。

climate既可指“气候”，又可指“氛围”，例：a tropical climate热带气候。

a favorable climate of opinion有利的舆论氛围。

transform改变；改造。

与change，alter，convert的区别是：transform指人或物在形状、外观、形式、性质等方面发生的彻底变化，失去原状成为全新的东西。

change 指任何变化，完全改变，强调与原先的情况有明显的不同。

alter常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变。

convert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。

也指信仰或态度时，强调较激烈、大的改变。

例：I believe she would transform me into a talker.我相信，她会把我这个沉默寡言的人变成个碎嘴子。

大学英语综合教程第二版第四册Unit1TextB课文原文及翻译The Normandy LandingsThe largest and most ambitious mili-tary expedition in history was the inva-sion of Normandy in northern France by British, American and Canadian forces that took place in the summer of 1944. Even nature played a role.lt took more than a year for military planners to orchestrate every movement of troops, artillery, ships and aircraft and to set everything in place for the move that was to open up a second front in Europe. This would liberate France and open the way for the final assault on Ger-many itself.Everything was controlled; right down to the placement of military decoys across the English Channel to fool the Germans into thinking the attack would come from Britain's closest point to France at Pas de Calais3 rather than in Normandy as planned.Everything was controlled, that is, except the weather.D-Day, the code name given to the day of invasion, was originally scheduled for 5 June 1944. This date had been ar-rived at by considering two factors -moonlight and tide. The hour of the in-vasion would need to be near sunrise, when the seaborne troops would have a rising tide. This would enable them to land close to the obstacles that had been placed to hinder their landing without coming ashore on top of them. The paratroopers needed a full moon for visibility. The days with the proper tide-moonlight formula closest to the target date were 5, 6 and 7 June. (1) The fifth was chosen for D-Day to allow a safety margin in case the attack needed to be postponedIn addition to moonlight and favorable tides, calm seas were needed for the crossing. (2) But an unusually stormy transitionfrom spring toward summer that year held out little hope that there would be a suitable break in the weather It also meant the possibility that Operation Overlord, as the invasion was called, might have to be postponed until later in the year or even the following year. Z With the arrival of 5 June, the weather was so bad that General Eisenhower4, supreme commander of the invasion forces, was forced to postpone the invasion by one day. When he met with his staff to review their options, they were faced with the grim reality that 6 June did not look much better than the original D-Day. The meteorological re-port gave a thin ray of hope that a lull in the storm would allow enough time to. launch the invasion. Consultations went on late into the night on whether to press ahead. Opinions were divided. Finally, Eisenhower made his decision. "I am quite positive we must give the order," he said. "I don't like it, but there it is. I don't see how we can do anything else." Within hours, an armada of 3,000 landing craft, 2,500 other ships, and 500 naval vessels began to leave English ports.8. Meanwhile, critical errors by the Ger-man side allowed them to be taken com-pletely by surprise. Due to the bad weather, the German navycancelled its usual patrol of the English Channel. Also, a practice drill scheduled for June 6 was called off. The German meteorological services were unaware of the break in the weather. On the eve of the attack, many of the top German leaders were absent from their commands. Rommel 5, the gen-eral in charge of the coastal defenses, was in Germany visiting his wife on her birthday, and several officers were some distance away in Rennes6 or on their way there for a war-game exercise.The assault on Normandy began at 12:15 a.m., when thepathfinders for the American airborne units left their planes and parachuted to earth. Five minutes later, on the other side of the invasion area, the British pathfinders made their jump. The pathfinders were specially trained to find and mark the drop zones. The main airborne assault was to commence within the hour.The airborne attack became confused because of stiff winds and the evasive fly-ing of the transport planes when they en-countered anti-aircraft fire. As a result, the paratroopers were scattered over a wide area and most missed their drop zones, some by as much as 20 miles. Other com-plications were caused by the terrain, and the worst terrain was on the Cotentin Peninsula. The Germans had laced the open fields with anti-personnel and glider stakes and flooded the low areas. The flooding caused the most trouble for the Americans of the 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions, with many of the troops drowned, laden down by their heavyequipment.11. The airborne units were to secure the flanks of the amphibious assault. That meant capturing bridges, crossroads and coastal batteries. After accomplishing those tasks, the paratroopers had to with-stand any German counterattacks.12 As the airborne units struggled to achieve their goals, the great fleet made its way across the channel to its appoint-ment with destiny. Leading that grand ar-mada were the minesweepers. Behind them followed a vast array of naval ves-sels of every conceivable type. Never be-fore had such a fleet been assembled. Including the landing craft carried on board, the combined Allied invasion armada num-bered up to 6,000 ships. Approximately 150,000 men were to cross the English Channel and land atassault beaches code-named "Utah" ' "Omaha" ' "Gold" ' "Juno" and "Sword."The first areas of French soil wrested from German control were a group of small islands located three miles off Utah Beach. Allied commanders were con-cerned that these islands could be used as sites for heavy guns. The men of the U.S. 4th and 24th Cavalry squadrons were des-ignated to take the islands prior to the main invasion. The assault teams found only land mines. The Germans had left the islands unoccupied.For the majority of the assault troops, however, the war had not begun yet. Af-ter spending as long as 48 hours aboard the various transport shipsas a result of the delay, many of the men were miser-ably seasick and in poor shape for the chal-lenge ahead.The naval bombardment began around 5:45 a.m. The air attack followed. The naval and air bombardments were designed to destroy the beach guns and obstacles, pin down the enemy and pro-vide shelter for the ground troops on the open beaches by making craters. Both, however, largely failed in their objectives. Weather conditions had improved, but they were not perfect. Because of poor visibility caused by low cloud cover, it was decided that the bombers would delay the release of bombs 30 seconds to avoid hit-ting the assaulting troops. As a result, the bombs fell inland and missed their targets. Although the naval bombardment was more accurate, it was not much more ef-fective against the hardened German gun emplacements.The weather also was partially re-sponsible for causing some of the assault craft to miss their assigned landing areas. Additionally, many of the landing craft and amphibious tanks foundered in the rough sea. In the Omaha area, most of the craftcarrying artillery and tanks intended to support the incoming troops sank in the high waves.At Utah Beach, however, a strange stroke of good fortune occurred when the assault craft encountered a southerly cur-rent that caused them to land in the wrong sector. (3) The German shore batteries that would have contested a landing in the original area would undoubtedly have taken aheavy toll. The landing at the new sector was virtually unopposed.(4) Despite difficulties, Eisenhower's gamble with the elements was to pay off The invasion forces succeeded in estab-lishing a toehold on French soil. Rein-forcements began to pour in, thrusting on deep into France. Within a year Hitler's empire, which he had boasted would last a thousand years, lay in ruins.诺曼底登陆历史上规模最大、最雄心勃勃的军事远征是1944年夏天英国、美国和加拿大军队入侵法国北部的诺曼底。

全新版大学英语综合教程四Unit1-5精选课文句子英翻中UNIT1 Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream Life多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活 1.And after years of frustration with city and suburban living, my wife Sandy and I have finally found contentment here in the country.在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。

2.In the summer we canoe on the river, go picnicking in the woods and take long bicyclerides. In the winter we ski and skate.日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。

冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。

3.Three months from now, it will be 95 above and we will be cultivating corn, weedingstrawberries and killing chickens.再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要ter this month, we'll spray the orchard, paint the barn, plant the garden and clean thehen house before the new chicks arrive.这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。

5.In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter ordoing reporting for the freelance articles I sell to magazines and newspapers.在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。

新世纪大学英语综合教程4课文翻译
以下是新世纪大学英语综合教程4第一课的课文翻译：
毕业典礼
在某个夏季的一天，我走进了一个双层楼的建筑，充满了兴奋和期待。

十年的学习和努力终于让我获得学士学位，现在我将参加毕业典礼，接受我在大学里所取得的成就。

随着人们进入礼堂，我的心情变得愈发激动。

我坐在座位上，看着舞台上整齐排列的空座位，想象着不久后将会有人出现在这里。

每个座位上都摆放着一个毕业帽，象征着我们的成长和蜕变。

典礼开始了。

校长激动地致辞，表达着对我们的鼓励和祝福。

我们起立鼓掌，感受着他的话语在空气中回响。

然后，每一个系的系主任开始挨个宣布毕业生的名字。

当我的名字被宣布时，我站起来、向舞台走去，在校长手中接过我的毕业证书。

我感到一种骄傲和荣耀充满了整个身体。

毕业典礼结束后，我和我的同学们聚在一起，留下一些珍贵的瞬间。

我们互相祝贺并拍照留念，记录下这个重要的时刻。

在我们离开校园的前夜，我们聚在一起举行了一个盛大的庆祝晚会，庆祝我们的毕业与新的人生阶段的到来。

这个毕业典礼将会永远留在我的记忆中。

我明白，在大学的这段时光里我不仅仅是接受了知识，我也收获了成长和友谊。

我
要感谢我的导师和朋友们，在这段旅程中他们给予了我无尽的支持和鼓励。

现在，我准备迎接新的挑战，展开人生的下一章。

Unit 1Text A人在自然界|亚历山大·斯伯金Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destruction of Mother Nature.人类生活在大自然的王国里。

他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。

人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物,无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。

我们与大自然血肉相连,离开大自然,我们将无法生存。

Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by "blood" ties and we cannot live outside nature.人类不仅生活在大自然之中,同时也在改变着大自然。

全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译Unit 1 Text A: Fighting with the Forces of NatureAmong the forces of nature, wind and water are perhaps the two that have most effect on the land Wind and water, working together, are constantly changing the shape of the land Sometimes the wind blows very hard for a long time This is called a windstorm When a windstorm hits an area, it can cause a lot of damage It can blow away soil and destroy crops It can even destroy buildings and kill peopleWater also plays an important role in changing the land Rivers carry soil and sand from one place to another When the river slows down, the soil and sand are deposited Over time, this can form new land Sometimes a river can change its course This can cause problems for people who live near the riverPeople have always tried to control the forces of nature They have built dams to hold back water and prevent floods They have also planted trees to stop the wind from blowing away the soil But sometimes our efforts to control nature can have unexpected resultsFor example, when a dam is built, it may stop the flow of a river This can cause problems for fish and other animals that live in the river It can also change the climate of the area Sometimes our attempts to control nature can cause more harm than goodTranslation:在自然力量中，风和水也许是对陆地影响最大的两种力量。

Unit1They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。

但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。

他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。

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来下顿停而慢缓输运草粮于由快很入直驱长的它但舍不追紧军大。

居民和稼庄毁焚途沿撤东路一们他反相。

抗抵起奋不并人国俄是的惊吃他令。

生发有没迟迟胜速决速的着盼期仑破拿。

国俄入进河曼涅过渡军大的仑破拿久不.senilylppus gnivom - wols yb nwod deggob emaceb noos hcram ecn avda sti tub dewollof ym rA dnarGehT .tnew yeht sa semoh dna sporc rieht gninrub drawtsae detaerter yeht daetsnI .thgif dna dnatsot desufer sn aissuR eht esirprus sih oT .deneppah reven detcepxe noelopaN taht yrotciv evisicedkciuq ehT .aissuR otni reviR nameN eht desso rc ymra snoelopaN sdrawretfa yltrohS 4 。

国俄下攻内期星个5在要言预信自满充功成到马对仑破拿。

军大为称被队军支这。

良精备装强力战作练训好良过受兵士些这。

Unit 1英译汉Google has spent years analyzing who succeeds at the company. They have moved away from a focus on GPAs, brand-name schools, and interview brain teasers (智力测验题). Google's Senior Vice President of People Operations, Laszlo Bock, suggests that credentials are no longer sufficient for success. Bock points out that graduates of top schools can lack intellectual humility and that succeeding in academia isn't always a sign of being able to do a job. Successful bright young graduates rarely experience failure, and they find that their academic careers have not prepared them to fail gracefully in the real world. Google recognizes the importance of intellectual humility in its applicants. The company looks for the ability to step back and embrace other people's ideas when those ideas are better. Bock says the No. 1 thing he is looking for is general cognitive ability. It is learning ability. It is the ability to process information on the fly.谷歌公司就什么人能在该公司取得成功这个问题做了多年的研究，研究关注的焦点不再是绩点、名牌大学、面试智力测验题。

冰雪卫士1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑带领他的大陆军进入俄国。

他已经做好了准备，对俄国人民保卫家乡进行残酷抵抗，他也准备好跨越俄国土地前去莫斯科的漫长征程。

然而，对于莫斯科那毁灭性的敌人------阴冷严寒刺骨的俄国冬日，他确没有做丝毫准备。

1914年，纳粹德国的领导者希特勒发起了对苏维埃俄国的进攻，紧接着俄国人民也奋博罗季诺起反抗了。

希特勒的军队是举世无双的。

他的战争武器已经打败了欧洲大多数反抗。

希特勒期待着一个短暂的战役，但是就像他之前的拿破仑一样，给他的却是一次惨痛的教训。

俄国的冬日再一次成为苏维埃士兵的救星。

拿破仑的战役1812年的春天，拿破仑在俄国的边境召集了一支60万人的军队。

士兵们都受过良好的训练，做事效率高，而且武器装备精良。

这支军队叫做大陆军。

拿破仑对于取得迅速胜利十分有信心，且预言说五个星期内征服俄国。

之后很快，拿破仑的军队越过涅曼河进入俄国。

拿破仑期望的迅速的决定性胜利并没有发生。

令他惊讶的是，俄军拒绝站起来反抗，取而代之的是向东方撤退，同时烧毁他们的庄稼和房屋。

大陆军紧随其后，但是向前的道路很快就被缓慢的物资供应阻碍了。

8月，法俄两军陷入斯摩棱斯克之战，双方各有一万士兵战死沙场。

然而俄军再次撤退至其领地。

拿破仑还没有取得决定性胜利。

他现在面临一个重大决定。

他是该继续追赶俄军呢？还是要留守斯摩棱斯克迎接即将来临的冬天呢？拿破仑决定赌一把，继续向448千米以外的莫斯科前进。

1812年9月7，法俄两军在距离莫斯科112千米以外的博罗季诺展开激烈战斗。

夜幕降临，3万法军和5万4千俄军要么战死沙场要重伤。

俄军再一次撤退至安全地带拿破仑对莫斯科有清楚的作战计划，但是对城市的占领却成了一场空胜利。

俄国人逃离了首都。

法军抵达后不久，一场猛烈的火灾摧毁的三分之二的城市。

拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战，但是俄国沙皇知道他是在等待时机：“我们应该让俄国的冬天帮我们打赢这场战争。

”拿破仑很快发现，在冬季的莫斯科，他不能为自己的军队提供粮食，衣物以及宿营地。

Book 4 unit 1P6Hello, I’m Lisa Jackson, Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.At the fi rst Earth Day 39 years ago, 20 million Americans stood up to protect human health and the environment.It was a time when many American cities were blanketed with dangerous pollution and smog ... A time when in many communities, local waterways were too polluted to swim in, to fi sh from, or to drink ...That first Earth Day grew into a movement that reached millions more, and built a better future for all of us.We’ve helped clear harmful toxins from our air, our water, and land.And what started with those 20 million Americans almost four decades ago will engage more than abillion people this Earth Day, April 22nd.People all around the world will join together to say that it is our job to protect and preserve our planet and the people that live on it.We’ve seen how far we can come if individuals take the initiative and get involved. But we still have a long way to go ... to protect our most vulnerable communities, especially the children that live in them ...to remove pollution and toxic chemicals from our air, water, and land... and to build a clean energy economy that creates new jobs, clears the air, and frees us from our dependence on foreign oil.That way, people 39 years from now will remember that this generation helped to build a better future for all of us.We won’t get there without your help. Visit /earthday to fi nd out about events and volunteer opportunities in your community.Celebrate Earth Day this year by making April Earth Month. Then think about stretching that out into an Earth Year.I look forward to joining you. Thank you very much.P10Following the Copenhagen Conference, China set a target of cutting the nation’s carbon intensity by 45 percent by 2020 compared with the level of 2005. Energy conservation and carbon reduction has become a challenge for the government and its people. Starting today, CCTV begins a special series called “My Low-carbon Life”. We profile the small activities that could create big change in society.In our first episode, our reporter Han Bin finds out that low-carbon lifestyle has become a trend among certain groups of people.Checking expiration dates. Lin Hui always selects products with longer shelf life when he shops. He says this is to reduce waste and ultimately reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide. He believes consumer attitudes can change methods of production, and encourage people to live a low-carbon lifestyle.“Paper cups are made from cutting forests. We should try not to use them, or select the smaller ones when we do. Because trees can absorb carbon dioxide and reduce greenhouse gas.” Back in his offi ce, Lin Hui works for an environmental website he and his friendsset up two years ago. It provides all kinds of information about carbon offset, including environment policies, tips on how to save energy and so on.Lin Hui says promoting a low-carbon lifestyle is (a) personal mission that will never end.“When people talk about low-carbon life, they often think it’s the matter of entrepreneurs, but they forget they themselves are the real engines of production. We should promote low-carbon consumption.”Professor Li Lin is also a champion of the low-carbon lifestyle. Taking public transportation to work is part of her daily routine. Li Lin works for the WWF, one of the world’s leading conservation organizations. She showed us the promotional activities for encouraging a low-carbon lifestyle over the past years.Her office uses energy saving lights, which are turned off when not needed. This has greatly reduced electricity consumption. Li Lin says small actions like this can mean a lot in terms of carbon reduction. Another way is to double print the paper.“If you save one ton of paper, you’ll save one ton of energy used for producing paper and pulp, that will translate (into) about two and a half tons of CO2 reduced.”This booklet produced by WWF offers guidance for (a) low-carbon lifestyle. There are 30 ways to save energy, and the booklet covers everything from why to save, what to eat, how to travel, and how to calculate savings.“All the efforts translated into saved nature, saved habitat for human as species, together with other species, and we would avoid all the negative impacts of global warming.” Although there has been much talk about climate change in China, not everyone understands the low-carbon lifestyle.“Low carbon?”“I really don’t know.”Policy makers should also play a role.For example, central heating is supplied by thermal power stations, the majority of offi ces use nonadjustable heating system, which has lessened users’ willingness to save energy. As global warming becomes a mounting challenge, low-carbon development is considered to be the best way forward in the long term. Despite increasing efforts by the government to promote the low-carbon lifestyles, it might continue to be just a trend within certain groups, and not for all Chinese.Han Bin, CCTV, Beijing.课文翻译绿化，永无止境【1】环保主义思想已经深深的扎根于校园。