新视野大学英语第三版第二册第七单元Text B A proud homemaker课文及翻译

新视野三版读写B2 U7 Text AWoman at the management level1 When Monica applied for a job as an administrative assistant in 1971, she was asked whether she would rather work for a male or a female attorney. "I immediately said a man,"she says."I felt that a male-boss/female-employee relationship was more natural, needing no personal accommodation whatsoever." But 20 years later, when she wasasked the same question, she said, "I was pleasantly surprised that female bosses are much more accessible to their employees; they're much more sensitive and intimate with their employees."2 Female bosses today are stil finding they face subtle resistance. There isstil a segment of the population, both men and, surprisingly, women who report low tolerance for female bosses. The growing presence of female bosses has also provoked two major questions that revolve around styles: Do men and women manage differently, and, if so, is that a good thing?3 Monica is disposed to think so, on both counts. Now a 40-year-old mother of four, she is president of a public sector labor union with 45,000members. "Relations with my employees are probably different from those of male managers preceding me," she says. "I know what it's like to have to cal and say my kid got the mumps so I won't be coming in. I have a more flexible style — not soft, just more understanding." The man who is Monica's assistant agrees, "She tends to delegate more and is always looking for a consensus. People are happy and flourish because they have an input into decisions and they are not mere bystanders; their energies are harnessed. On the other hand, consensus takes longer."4 So, are the differences symbolic or real? Plausible studies suggest that men are typical y hierarchical, goal-oriented and feel entitled. Women, by contrast, manage diplomatical y, and share power. That point of view is oftenchal enged and argued. Some proclaim that men and women of similar backgrounds, experience and aspirations basical y manage in the sameway. This view is echoed by younger women, especial y those who have encountered little gender discrimination. That was certainly the lesson for Nicole. When her father died of a heart attack, she was an employee ata petroleum products export company. She quit and took over her family's160-acre fruit farm in St.David's County. On her first day in the field, a workercal ed her "darling". "He was trying to test me. I was shaking with anger," says Nicole, now 34. "I stood erect and said, ‘You wouldn't have cal ed my father darling and you're not going to take that liberty with me. If you do, I'l fire you.'"5 When women work for women, a different dynamic often takes over. Susan,a cashier in a Toronto auction house, says that she has explored friendshipswith some of her female bosses and feels she can rely on them more. While women may feel more at ease with a female boss, men often have tomake concessions to the new working styles. Brian, a marine biologist, says,"It took me a couple of years before I felt comfortable enough to relax around a female manager. In fact, my relations with her were much more businesslike."6 To some extent, the male-female differences come down to conflicting styles. One female vice-president discussed the time she burst into tearsduring a meeting. "Men think that tears are a nuclear weapon in a conventional war. They take exception to a woman crying, inferring that she's feeling unhappy or violated." The men failed to understand that what prompted her tears was not hurt but genuine rage. "When we cry, it's because we have althis valid rage that has no appropriate release," she says."Women cry; menget relief by going on with the offense or by veiling their feelings toappear composed."7 Deborah, president of a firm with its headquarters in Toronto, says that even********if m en do understand,they sometimes react differently tothe identical information and to her cooperative management style.8 Deborah says that her authority is sometimes undermined by perceptions about her gender. "It stems from the whole social context of traditional roles for men and women," she says. "Mom would tel you to do things, but perhaps you wouldn't take as much notice as when Dad told you to do things. Men alsohave a stronger urge to control," she says.9 For female bosses, the great expectation of some female employees is one more obstacle. Junior women assume a female boss wil promote them more quickly than a man would. But, they also expect female bosses to be moreself-sufficient. "They ask, ‘Why can't you scan your own stuff?' or ‘Why can't you do your own filing?'" says one senior female executive.10 On the other hand, there is no dispute that a few decades ago they would*********rarely have had a female boss in the workplace.Nina,amanagement consultant says she's vaguely optimistic. "I'm looking forward to the day, before I die, when we recognize that the best management styles wilbe composed of the best that both genders bring to the table ..." Wel , shepauses, maybe not before she dies, perhaps in her daughter's lifetime.Language Points:1 When Monica applied for a job as an administrative assistant in 1971, she was asked whether she would rather work for a male or a female attorney. (Para. 1) Meaning: Monica was asked if she would like to work for a male or a female lawyer whenshe applied for a managing job at a law firm in 1971.Sentence structure note: “would rather”句型1 would rather 的意思是“宁愿；宁可；更；最好；还是…为好”，后接动词原形，表示优先选择的一种方式。

Text B A proud homemaker自豪的家庭主妇When hearing the word housewife, what comes to your mind？当听到“家庭主妇”这个词时，你想到的是什么？For many people, it's a picture of domestic discontent. Critics of the housewife style in the 1950s seem to find it disgusting that a woman should make it her life's work to raise children, clean dishes and make homemade meals, creating healthy home.对许多人而言，“家庭主妇”的形象就是对家务琐事充满抱怨不满。

19世纪50年代的家庭主妇毕生的工作就是养孩子，洗盘子，做饭，创建一个健康、快乐的家庭，批评家对这样的生活极其反感。

Are we so afraid of going backward that we’re too quick to condemn a different lifestyle？我们是不是因为太害怕倒退而过快地去谴责不同的生活方式呢？I remember my own working days before I settled down as a full-time homemaker.我记得我自己工作的那会几，那是在我安心当全职家庭主妇以前的事。

For the duration of time that I was working full time, I came home late, heated up a prepackaged dinner for my family, and busied myself with housework until crawling into bed each night, exhausted.在我干全职工作的那段期间，我回家很晚，为我的家人加热了包装食品作为晚餐后，就忙于家务，每天晚上直到疲惫不堪才爬上床。

Book 2 Unit 7 Women: Making a difference today 周次第18-20 周课时数8 hours教学章节Text A Woman at the management level 女性管理者Text B A proud homemaker 自豪的家庭主妇教学目标和要求Objectives:After completing Text A, students should be able to:1.To know the names of common occupations2.To be acquainted with characteristics of feature story3.To be able to express ideas concerning women’s role at management levelAfter completing Text B, students should be able to:1.Cognitive objectives: to get familiar with the phenomenonand history of homemakers2.Linguistic objectives: to understand and use the words,phrases, and structures, in the textmunicative objectives:to be acquainted with the reading skills—Predicting the author’ｓideas时间安排Text A Woman at the management level 女性管理者Pre-reading Activities (1st class period )1 . Warm-up Questions (15M)2. Words & Expressions checkup (30M)时间安排Text B A proud homemaker 自豪的家庭主妇Pre-reading Activities ( 5th class period )1.Reading Skills (5M)2.Background Information (5M)3.Words & Expressions for checkup (35M) While-reading Activities( 6th class period) While-reading Activities (2nd class period )1. Overview of Unit 1 (5M)2. Culture Notes (5M)3.Difficult Language Points (25M)prehension Check (8M)5. Assignment (2M)After-reading Activities ( 3rd class period )1. Class presentation (15M)2. Exercises (20M)3. Structure analysis (10M)After-reading Activities ( 4th class period )1.Paragraph writing (10M)2.Translation (30)3. Assignment (5M)1.First reading for general understanding (15M)2.Second reading for specific understanding & Difficult Language Points (30M)After-reading Activities (7th class period )1.Class presentation (15M)2.Check exercises after Text B. (20M)3.Unit project （10M）：Working on a talk shouw about management stylesAfter-reading Activities (8th class period )1. Unit project （continued）(15M)2.Thematic study (15M)nguage feature analysis (10M)4.Written homework assessment of Text A (5M)教学重点Text A1. Master the usage of the following new words and phrases: be disposed to do sth., on both counts, feel at ease with sb, make a concession / concessions t o, come down to, take exception to sth, burst into, administrative, attorney, accommodation, segment, tolerance, dispose, sector, precede, flourish, bystqander, hrness, symbolic, plausible, hirerachchical, diplomatically, etc.2. Master the functional patterns:sb. would rather do sth., sb. do sth., by contrast, sb. else do sth.else., Some proclaim / announce / reveal / state / propose /indicate / post / declare…, There is no dispute that…Text B1.master the usage of the following new words and phrases:work full time, crawl into bed, quality time, trim the unnecessarythings, joint understanding and respect, converted to, an ounceof, supplement one’s income, domastic, disgusting, condemn,duration, crawl, calendr, overflow, fuss, compound, conscience,wrinkle, etc.2.Master the functional patterns:1.Sb remembers his own days or time before he did sth.as…2.Even more importantly, sb does sth when…3.Sb is revolted by the notion that …3. Reading SkillsPredicting the autho r’s ideasText A难点1. How to analyze the text structure and generalize the main idea ofText A;2. How to develop an essay with examplesText B1.How to predict the author’ｓideas2.How to work on a talk show about management styles 教学方式□√课堂讲授□√小组活动□√提问使用媒体□√文字教材□√电子教案作业Review: the new words and phrases in the textsPreview : the content of the next 2 class hoursWritten homework 1 Finish translation practice on P.188 Written homework 2 Write a paragraph of developing an essaywith examples based on P.186Unit 7 Text AWoman at the management level 女性管理者(1st ---2nd class-hour)I.Pre-reading Activities:1.1Warm-up questions (15 M)What’s the respective role your father and mother in your family?What’s your opinion of the traditional family roles/division?How would you perceive the women’s role at the management level in the future?1.2Words & Expressions checkup (30M)Check if the students have mastered the new words, which are required to be previewed before class.1.2.1New Words1.flourish: To develop quickly and be successful; to grow well近义词thrive，bloom 繁荣，兴隆；茂盛?Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.?These plants flourish in a damp climate.?He is alive and flourishing. 他还活着，并且混得不错。

新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案Unit 1 Language in missionText A An impressive English lessonUnderstanding the text1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules.2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any any specific comment.3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language.4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with.5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs.6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before.7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary.8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings.Words in useWord building-al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin-cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient-y : recovery/ministry/assemblyWord buildingBanked cloze1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H FExpressions in useobliged to serious about into between upon allergic to lost attracted to sense upon asStructured writingSome bo okworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”, Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don’t care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what’s the sense of learning English grammar In fact, English grammar has always been a big headache to me.English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even stranger than verb tenses, English grammar also contains something very confusing. For example, I don’t remember how many times my middle school teacher tried to“impose”the differences between used to and be used to on us. Sometimes he would go on with the explanation for 20 minutes or so. He even summarized the differences by listing three or four points for us to memorize. However, they could never stay in my head . I don’t remember how many times I got it wrong with the sentences containing used to or be used to on my exams . I was really confused with these two phrases,and I can never get them right.In brief, I’m allergic to learning English grammar. Curiously, I just wonder if the native speakers of English have a microcomputer in their brain to help them utter the two phrases promptly with just a click of their brain mouse!E-C Translation人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。

U7 AWhen honesty disappears当诚实消失时"Is anybody truly honest?" As numerous accounts of cheating, lying, and fraud crowd our newspaper pages and TV news, it seems that honesty is a rapidly vanishing value. And the reports indicate that, around the globe, corruption and dishonesty are so widespread that the health and well-being of society are at risk. These reports include stories such as the students who faced criminal charges for selling in advance copies of a university final exam, a student who was expelled when he turned in a term paper with the purchase receipt for it still inside the pages, and a clerk who ran his own Christmas cards through the office postage meter and was found out when he sent one of the cards to the company treasurer! We have all read or heard accounts such as these, not to mention the stories of dishonesty amongst all layers of society as exemplified by consumers who steal and politicians who demand bribes. Travelers ripped off so many towels last year that it cost a major hotel chain $3 million to replace them. Especially troubling are the reports that dishonesty is increasing amongst student populations around the world.“有真正诚实的人吗？”我们的报纸版面和电视新闻充斥着不计其数的有关欺骗、说谎和诈骗的报道，诚实似乎已经成为正在迅速消失的价值观。

如文档对你有用，请下载支持！Unit 7 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. It was essential to (harness) science and technology, not just for the economy but for environmental protection as well.2. Language is the (symbolic) representation of a people, and it combines their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life.3. Because of the effective and helpful method, I was (disposed) to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the commercial prosperity in Cambridge is due to hi-tech IT companies whose business has been (flourishing) .5. You will need to prove that the noise (violated) the regulations, that your neighbor was causing the noise, and that you attempted to have him stop.6. Most universities will guarantee your (accommodation) , at least during your first year, but you are likely to share a kitchen and bathroom with other students.7. We may (infer) from the report that hackers from outside of the company present a more serious threat to their security systems.8. She frowned at the business report, making an effort to (compose) herself before she talked to the employees at the upcoming meeting.9. A crucial factor is that one witness' evidence, though (plausible) , may be rejected because it is contradicted by another witness whose evidence is already proved correct.10. Windsor Middle School has been famous for zero (tolerance) to violence and emphasis on respect for its students and rules.●Word Building1.fate2.horizon3.mechanic4.occasion5.proportion6.logical7.denymercial9.relative10.prior11.continue12.actual1.fatal2.horizontal3.mechanical4.occasional5.proportional6.logic7.denialmerce9.relativity10.priority11.continuity / continual12.actuality1. In (actuality) , it was the poor peasants and blue-collar workers who complained louder about and suffered more from the current tax policy.2. The purchase insurance covers (mechanical) breakdown for one year, which is stated in the insurance policy form.3. The salesperson's emotional state will influence the customer, and the customer's buying decisions are first emotional and then are justified with (logic) .4. I don't appreciate his reply as it was in part a(n) (denial) of the criticism and in part an attempt to change the issue.5. (Occasional) gunshots can still be heard in the district though no one seems to know who fires the guns and if anyone is hit.6. The boss was undecided as to what to do since his decisions can have severe and (fatal) consequences to all the employees and the company.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worried about how to maintain (continuity) between his youthful past and his middle-aged present.8. All notions about the well-known theory of (relativity) seem to have been coming from Einstein's general theory of relativity.9. Social fund officers are expected to give high (priority) to requests for loans for the repairs in public places like schools.10. With the increase of (commerce) in the 21st century, investment in money rather than in land has become the most convenient and popular form.11. The insurance fee charged by the company is directly (proportional) to the compensation its clients try to claim from their cases.12. As construction progresses, workers check (horizontal) and vertical levels to ensure that both walls are exactly up to the design requirements.●Banked ClozeIt's obvious that women have come a long way as successful professionals. Women in the workplace are (1) (flourishing) as an increased number of women have made their presence felt in many industries and professions. The sector of the female workforce has (2) (expanded) with more and more strength and thus has its (3) (genuine) importance in the professional world.Whether they like it or not, men have to accept that women are marching up the management ladder confidently and (4) (diplomatically). Women used to be much more "quiet and passive" due to the relatively small number of female employees in (5) (comparison) to males. Women today, on the other hand, have begun seeking their (6) (administrative) positions by using all their powers of intelligence.Men are hierarchical and (7) (jealous) of the "beauty power" that allows women to get certain things based on their physical assets. Even though there is a(n) (8) (dispute) whether many professional females got into positions of power by using their appearance to their advantage, the (9) (valid) fact is the majority of women have worked hard to achieve their desired success. Women were considered as (10) (bystanders) in the workplace for many years and it was believed that the only jobs that they could handle were those of teachers or secretaries, but today's women can not only hold their own positions in the workplace, but they also have the dual task of raising their families.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. I surely know it's a good opportunity for us to invest in this housing project, but it all (comes down to) money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford to invest.2. Many people (take exception to) this report because it may imply that women generally havea weaker character and are less responsible for their behavior.3. There have been big strikes all over the country due to the recent tax reform, but the Prime Minister has made it clear that he won't (make concessions to) the strikers.4. What surprised me was that she stared at me for a moment and then (burst into) laughter suddenly.5. He would never (feel at ease with) the French: He will never wear the right clothes, and he will never feel well on goose and red wine.6. Having expected that she would become the mistress of the household and have much more freedom after her marriage, she was now disappointed (on both counts) .7. Carl (took over) the duties and responsibilities of his father in running a manufacturing factory from an early age.8. Bob was popular with local soccer fans, but his popularity also (stemmed from) the fact that he made or scored vital goals when they were needed.●of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedding dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era. White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding. The official wedding photograph was widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen. Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typically short in the front with a longer train in the back. This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗教和文化。

Unit 7 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. It was essential to (harness) science and technology, not just for the economy but for environmental protection as well.2. Language is the (symbolic) representation of a people, and it combines their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life.3. Because of the effective and helpful method, I was (disposed) to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the commercial prosperity in Cambridge is due to hi-tech IT companies whose business has been (flourishing) .5. You will need to prove that the noise (violated) the regulations, that your neighbor was causing the noise, and that you attempted to have him stop.6. Most universities will guarantee your (accommodation) , at least during your first year, but you are likely to share a kitchen and bathroom with other students.7. We may (infer) from the report that hackers from outside of the company present a more serious threat to their security systems.8. She frowned at the business report, making an effort to (compose) herself before she talked to the employees at the upcoming meeting.9. A crucial factor is that one witness' evidence, though (plausible) , may be rejected because it is contradicted by another witness whose evidence is already proved correct.10. Windsor Middle School has been famous for zero (tolerance) to violence and emphasis on respect for its students and rules.●Word Building1.fate2.horizon3.mechanic4.occasion5.proportion6.logical7.denymercial9.relative10.prior11.continue12.actual1.fatal2.horizontal3.mechanical4.occasional5.proportional6.logic7.denialmerce9.relativity10.priority11.continuity / continual12.actuality1. In (actuality) , it was the poor peasants and blue-collar workers who complained louder about and suffered more from the current tax policy.2. The purchase insurance covers (mechanical) breakdown for one year, which is stated in the insurance policy form.3. The salesperson's emotional state will influence the customer, and the customer's buying decisions are first emotional and then are justified with (logic) .4. I don't appreciate his reply as it was in part a(n) (denial) of the criticism and in part an attempt to change the issue.5. (Occasional) gunshots can still be heard in the district though no one seems to know who fires the guns and if anyone is hit.6. The boss was undecided as to what to do since his decisions can have severe and (fatal) consequences to all the employees and the company.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worried about how to maintain (continuity) between his youthful past and his middle-aged present.8. All notions about the well-known theory of (relativity) seem to have been coming from Einstein's general theory of relativity.9. Social fund officers are expected to give high (priority) to requests for loans for the repairs in public places like schools.10. With the increase of (commerce) in the 21st century, investment in money rather than in land has become the most convenient and popular form.11. The insurance fee charged by the company is directly (proportional) to the compensation its clients try to claim from their cases.12. As construction progresses, workers check (horizontal) and vertical levels to ensure that both walls are exactly up to the design requirements.●Banked ClozeIt's obvious that women have come a long way as successful professionals. Women in the workplace are (1) (flourishing) as an increased number of women have made their presence felt in many industries and professions. The sector of the female workforce has (2) (expanded) with more and more strength and thus has its (3) (genuine) importance in the professional world.Whether they like it or not, men have to accept that women are marching up the management ladder confidently and (4) (diplomatically). Women used to be much more "quiet and passive" due to the relatively small number of female employees in (5) (comparison) to males. Women today, on the other hand, have begun seeking their (6) (administrative) positions by using all their powers of intelligence.Men are hierarchical and (7) (jealous) of the "beauty power" that allows women to get certain things based on their physical assets. Even though there is a(n) (8) (dispute) whether many professional females got into positions of power by using their appearance to their advantage, the (9) (valid) fact is the majority of women have worked hard to achieve their desired success. Women were considered as (10) (bystanders) in the workplace for many years and it was believed that the only jobs that they could handle were those of teachers or secretaries, but today's women can not only hold their own positions in the workplace, but they also have the dual task of raising their families.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. I surely know it's a good opportunity for us to invest in this housing project, but it all (comes down to) money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford to invest.2. Many people (take exception to) this report because it may imply that women generally havea weaker character and are less responsible for their behavior.3. There have been big strikes all over the country due to the recent tax reform, but the Prime Minister has made it clear that he won't (make concessions to) the strikers.4. What surprised me was that she stared at me for a moment and then (burst into) laughter suddenly.5. He would never (feel at ease with) the French: He will never wear the right clothes, and he will never feel well on goose and red wine.6. Having expected that she would become the mistress of the household and have much more freedom after her marriage, she was now disappointed (on both counts) .7. Carl (took over) the duties and responsibilities of his father in running a manufacturing factory from an early age.8. Bob was popular with local soccer fans, but his popularity also (stemmed from) the fact that he made or scored vital goals when they were needed.●Translation●➢英译汉The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedding dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era. White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding. The official wedding photograph was widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen. Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typically short in the front with a longer train in the back. This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗教和文化。

U7 AWhen honesty disappears当诚实消失时"Is anybody truly honest?" As numerous accounts of cheating, lying, and fraud crowd our newspaper pages and TV news, it seems that honesty is a rapidly vanishing value. And the reports indicate that, around the globe, corruption and dishonesty are so widespread that the health and well-being of society are at risk. These reports include stories such as the students who faced criminal charges for selling in advance copies of a university final exam, a student who was expelled when he turned in a term paper with the purchase receipt for it still inside the pages, and a clerk who ran his own Christmas cards through the office postage meter and was found out when he sent one of the cards to the company treasurer! We have all read or heard accounts such as these, not to mention the stories of dishonesty amongst all layers of society as exemplified by consumers who steal and politicians who demand bribes. Travelers ripped off so many towels last year that it cost a major hotel chain $3 million to replace them. Especially troubling are the reports that dishonesty is increasing amongst student populations around the world.“有真正诚实的人吗？”我们的报纸版面和电视新闻充斥着不计其数的有关欺骗、说谎和诈骗的报道，诚实似乎已经成为正在迅速消失的价值观。

Unit7Good morning, everyone.The theme of my speech today is Hello, homemaker. Next, I'll report on it in three sections.The first part, the traditional cognition of hmemaker. Traditionally, when it comes to the word "homemaker," people feel that the image of "homemaker" is full of complaints about household chores. Making homemade meals, cleaning dishes, raising children and so on. Every day, they have been repeating trivial things. There is no source of income, no value of their own life, so there is no respect. When they simply keep the ordinary life at home, gradually neglected or even eliminated by the society.The second part, the new Cognition of homemaker. First of all, I would like to ask Must everyone receive happiness in the same way, working long hours outside the home? I think homemaker are a loving profession, running a family is no easier than running a company, although there is no material income, but its existence for children, the value of the family is immeasurable. They just choose a different way of life, which is also a kind of realization of the value of life, and is noble.In short, homemaker should not be discriminated against and applauded with them, rather than showing pity or looking at them in a tiresome light, as proud as homemaker.All of the above is all, thank you.翻译：大家上午好，今天我演讲的主题是你好，家庭主妇。

Unit 7 Women: making a difference todayRART 1 UNDERSTANDING AND LEARNINGOverviewThe unit aims at exploring a current social issue: gender roles, a topic that could spark a lot of debates and arguments. Text A gives students a big picture of a how women have played an important role at the management level, along with their challenges and frustrations. Text B portrays a happy full-time housewife who considers her job at home absolutely important. The implication of it is that the job at a housewife should be respected. The two articles are theme-bound since both relate the topic of the role played by women, though one is at work and the other at home. The writing style of the tow texts is very different as well. One is a featured article on female working styles by way of presenting various scenarios at work, blended with many direct speeches and present verb tenses such as says, report, agrees, proclaims, feels, pauses when referring to the past; the other is a narrative about the author’s personal experience of being a housewife. Though the language used in both texts is somewhat casual, the tone of the first one is more serious and in a report style. Women’s working style and way of thinking are clearly depicted, which will surely provoke an interesting debate on gender issues as a springboard for in-depth class discussion. Activities may revolve around the main theme of the unite: Should women stay home or work outside.Section A Women at the management levelBackground informationWomen leadersIn today’s econ omy, women are a strong force in the workplace. Gone are the days of men working outside and women staying at home. Women are filling the ranks in many professions and many top companies. Many of today’s global business leader and powerful entrepreneurs ar e women. Indeed, women are increasingly working in upper management roles, serving as leader in a variety of settings. Interestingly, research says women behave more emotionally in certain work situations.Regardless of what the studies says, the data support the benefits of gender diversity at the workplace. So what does such diversity in the workplace mean? It means that it is beneficial to not only hire but also retain female employees. The text vividly unfolds how females are working in different business sectors at the management level.Detailed study of the text1 when Monica applied for a job as an assistant in 1971, she was asked whether she wouldattorney. (para.1)administrativeMeaning: Monica was asked if she would like to work for a male or a female lawyer when she applied for a managing job at a law firm in 1971.Administrative: a.relating to the work of managing a company or organization 行政的；管理的Although administrative positions may pay more than teaching salaries, they often require more hours on the job. 虽然行政工作的薪金比教学工作的更多，但它们却往往需要更多的工作时间。

Because she was pleasantly surprised that female bosses are much more accessible to their employees and much more sensitive and intimate with their employees.Because there are still some people, both men and women, who report that they have a low tolerance for female bosses.Her working style is more flexible, understanding, willing to give power to others and seek consensus, and more team-oriented.Studies suggest that men are typically hierarchical, goal-oriented and feel entitled. Women, by contrast, manage diplomatically and share power.While women may feel more comfortable with a female boss, men often have to spend a long time making concessions to the new working styles.This example shows the conflicting male-female working styles, their entirely different ways of thinking, and their opposite attitudes toward the same situations.Because she thinks that it stems from the whole social context of traditional roles for men and women. Men are more authoritative than women, thus demanding more power than women.Though a few decades ago there were fewer female bosses in leading positions, women could now be perceived to work together with men to create the best management style.Men: strong, tough, stubborn, direct, hierarchical, distant, cold, impatient, rough, goal-oriented, rational, decisive, top-down.• Women: flexible, understanding, patient, detailed, warm, careful, considerate, indecisive, diplomatic, feeling-based, bottom-up.Men's: more direct and decisive.• Women's: more accessible and reasonable.Be nice and gentle.• Try best to accomplish assigned tasks.• Get her confirmation before taking any action.• Listen rather than speak.Be assertive but rational.• Be a good listener.• Compromise when necessary.• Be more patient and considerate.• Share thoughts and opinions.Will definitely play an indispensable role.• Will possibly outweigh men in leadership.• Will probably become tougher than before.• Will still face challenges and gender barriers. It was essential to (harness) science and technology, not just for the economy but for environmental protection as well.2. Language is the (symbolic) representation of a people, and it combinestheir historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life.3. Because of the effective and helpful method, I was (disposed) to answerall the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the commercial prosperityin Cambridge is due to hi-tech IT companies whose business has been (flourishing) .5. You will need to prove that the noise (violated) the regulations, thatyour neighbor was causing the noise, and that you attempted to have him stop.6. Most universities will guarantee your (accommodation) , at leastduring your first year, but you are likely to share a kitchen and bathroom with other students.7. We may (infer) from the report that hackers from outside of the companypresent a more serious threat to their security systems.8. She frowned at the business report, making an effort to (compose)herself before she talked to the employees at the upcoming meeting.9. A crucial factor is that one witness' evidence, though (plausible) ,may be rejected because it is contradicted by another witness whoseevidence is already proved correct.10. Windsor Middle School has been famous for zero (tolerance) to violenceand emphasis on respect for its students and rules.fatalhorizontalmechanicaloccasionalproportionallogicdenialcommercerelativityprioritycontinuity / continualactuality1. In (actuality) , it was the poor peasants and blue-collar workers whocomplained louder about and suffered more from the current tax policy.2. The purchase insurance covers (mechanical) breakdown for one year,which is stated in the insurance policy form.3. The salesperson's emotional state will influence the customer, andthe customer's buying decisions are first emotional and then arejustified with (logic) .4. I don't appreciate his reply as it was in part a(n) (denial) of thecriticism and in part an attempt to change the issue.5. (Occasional) gunshots can still be heard in the district though noone seems to know who fires the guns and if anyone is hit.6. The boss was undecided as to what to do since his decisions can havesevere and (fatal) consequences to all the employees and the company.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worried about how to maintain(continuity) between his youthful past and his middle-aged present.8. All notions about the well-known theory of (relativity) seem to havebeen coming from Einstein's general theory of relativity.9. Social fund officers are expected to give high (priority) to requestsfor loans for the repairs in public places like schools.10. With the increase of (commerce) in the 21st century, investment inmoney rather than in land has become the most convenient and popular form.11. The insurance fee charged by the company is directly (proportional)to the compensation its clients try to claim from their cases. 12. As construction progresses, workers check (horizontal) and verticallevels to ensure that both walls are exactly up to the designrequirements.It's obvious that women have come a long way as successful professionals. Women in the workplace are (1)(flourishing) as an increased number of women have made their presence felt in many industries and professions. The sector of the female workforce has (2)(expanded) with more and more strength and thus has its (3)(genuine) importance in the professional world.Whether they like it or not, men have to accept that women are marching up the management ladder confidently and (4)(diplomatically). Women usedto be much more "quiet and passive" due to the relatively small numberof female employees in (5)(comparison)to males. Women today, on the other hand, have begun seeking their (6)(administrative)positions by using all their powers of intelligence.Men are hierarchical and (7)(jealous) of the "beauty power" that allows women to get certain things based on their physical assets. Even though there is a(n) (8)(dispute) whether many professional females got into positions of power by using their appearance to their advantage, the (9)(valid)fact is the majority of women have worked hard to achieve their desired success.Women were considered as (10)(bystanders)in the workplace for many years and it was believed that the only jobs that they could handle were those of teachers or secretaries, but today's women can not only hold their own positions in the workplace, but they also have the dual task of raising their families.1. I surely know it's a good opportunity for us to invest in this housingproject, but it all (comes down to) money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford to invest.2. Many people (take exception to) this report because it may imply thatwomen generally have a weaker character and are less responsible for their behavior.3. There have been big strikes all over the country due to the recenttax reform, but the Prime Minister has made it clear that he won't (make concessions to) the strikers.4. What surprised me was that she stared at me for a moment and then (burstinto) laughter suddenly.5. He would never (feel at ease with) the French: He will never wear theright clothes, and he will never feel well on goose and red wine.6. Having expected that she would become the mistress of the householdand have much more freedom after her marriage, she was now disappointed (on both counts) .7. Carl (took over) the duties and responsibilities of his father inrunning a manufacturing factory from an early age.8. Bob was popular with local soccer fans, but his popularity also(stemmed from) the fact that he made or scored vital goals when they were needed.With a more progressive approach to diversity and a greater number of women being the leader of organizations, women today feel comfortable enough to use their natural management style at work. Their management style tends to be more communicative and relationship-oriented.One example of their management style is being more communicative. Women usually have greater verbal ability and verbal comprehension than men. Their speaking skill is actually innate – born with it. Since they are usually more supportive, more inclined to delegate responsibilities and more willing to foster the careers of their employees than their male counterparts, they communicate more efficiently. As a result, employees are happy to share ideas with their female boss and feel excited to have their voice heard in making decisions.Another example of women's natural management style is being more relationship-oriented. As we well understand, women are more emotionally and spiritually intelligent. This gives them the potential to be a more understanding boss than men. They know how to motivate their employees with human touches such as "get well" cards and "thank you" notes. They also know when to make concessions and accommodate their employees' personal needs because they are not as rigid and stubborn as male bosses. Employees, of course, enjoy such a relationship with their female boss. In brief, women's natural management style helps them succeed in their workplace. The fact that women are brought up to have verbal skills and emotional intelligence is a huge advantage. It's their strength and they need to use it more instead of disguising themselves.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的和文化。

Unit 7 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. It was essential to (harness) science and technology, not just for the economy but for environmental protection as well.2. Language is the (symbolic) representation of a people, and it combines their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life.3. Because of the effective and helpful method, I was (disposed) to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the commercial prosperity in Cambridge is due to hi-tech IT companies whose business has been (flourishing) .5. You will need to prove that the noise (violated) the regulations, that your neighbor was causing the noise, and that you attempted to have him stop.6. Most universities will guarantee your (accommodation) , at least during your first year, but you are likely to share a kitchen and bathroom with other students.7. We may (infer) from the report that hackers from outside of the company present a more serious threat to their security systems.8. She frowned at the business report, making an effort to (compose) herself before she talked to the employees at the upcoming meeting.9. A crucial factor is that one witness' evidence, though (plausible) , may be rejected because it is contradicted by another witness whose evidence is already proved correct.10. Windsor Middle School has been famous for zero (tolerance) to violence and emphasis on respect for its students and rules.●Word Building1.fate2.horizon3.mechanic4.occasion5.proportion6.logical7.denymercial9.relative10.prior11.continue12.actual1.fatal2.horizontal3.mechanical4.occasional5.proportional6.logic7.denialmerce9.relativity10.priority11.continuity / continual12.actuality1. In (actuality) , it was the poor peasants and blue-collar workers who complained louder about and suffered more from the current tax policy.2. The purchase insurance covers (mechanical) breakdown for one year, which is stated in the insurance policy form.3. The salesperson's emotional state will influence the customer, and the customer's buying decisions are first emotional and then are justified with (logic) .4. I don't appreciate his reply as it was in part a(n) (denial) of the criticism and in part an attempt to change the issue.5. (Occasional) gunshots can still be heard in the district though no one seems to know who fires the guns and if anyone is hit.6. The boss was undecided as to what to do since his decisions can have severe and (fatal) consequences to all the employees and the company.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worried about how to maintain (continuity) between his youthful past and his middle-aged present.8. All notions about the well-known theory of (relativity) seem to have been coming from Einstein's general theory of relativity.9. Social fund officers are expected to give high (priority) to requests for loans for the repairs in public places like schools.10. With the increase of (commerce) in the 21st century, investment in money rather than in land has become the most convenient and popular form.11. The insurance fee charged by the company is directly (proportional) to the compensation its clients try to claim from their cases.12. As construction progresses, workers check (horizontal) and vertical levels to ensure that both walls are exactly up to the design requirements.●Banked ClozeIt's obvious that women have come a long way as successful professionals. Women in the workplace are (1) (flourishing) as an increased number of women have made their presence felt in many industries and professions. The sector of the female workforce has (2) (expanded) with more and more strength and thus has its (3) (genuine) importance in the professional world.Whether they like it or not, men have to accept that women are marching up the management ladder confidently and (4) (diplomatically). Women used to be much more "quiet and passive" due to the relatively small number of female employees in (5) (comparison) to males. Women today, on the other hand, have begun seeking their (6) (administrative) positions by using all their powers of intelligence.Men are hierarchical and (7) (jealous) of the "beauty power" that allows women to get certain things based on their physical assets. Even though there is a(n) (8) (dispute) whether many professional females got into positions of power by using their appearance to their advantage, the (9) (valid) fact is the majority of women have worked hard to achieve their desired success. Women were considered as (10) (bystanders) in the workplace for many years and it was believed that the only jobs that they could handle were those of teachers or secretaries, but today's women can not only hold their own positions in the workplace, but they also have the dual task of raising their families.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. I surely know it's a good opportunity for us to invest in this housing project, but it all (comes down to) money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford to invest.2. Many people (take exception to) this report because it may imply that women generally havea weaker character and are less responsible for their behavior.3. There have been big strikes all over the country due to the recent tax reform, but the Prime Minister has made it clear that he won't (make concessions to) the strikers.4. What surprised me was that she stared at me for a moment and then (burst into) laughter suddenly.5. He would never (feel at ease with) the French: He will never wear the right clothes, and he will never feel well on goose and red wine.6. Having expected that she would become the mistress of the household and have much more freedom after her marriage, she was now disappointed (on both counts) .7. Carl (took over) the duties and responsibilities of his father in running a manufacturing factory from an early age.8. Bob was popular with local soccer fans, but his popularity also (stemmed from) the fact that he made or scored vital goals when they were needed.●Translation●➢英译汉The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedding dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era. White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding. The official wedding photograph was widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen. Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typically short in the front with a longer train in the back. This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗教和文化。

Unit 7 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. It was essential to (harness) science and technology, not just for the economy but for environmental protection as well.2. Language is the (symbolic) representation of a people, and it combines their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life.3. Because of the effective and helpful method, I was (disposed) to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.4. It can be inferred from the passage that the commercial prosperity in Cambridge is due to hi-tech IT companies whose business has been (flourishing) .5. You will need to prove that the noise (violated) the regulations, that your neighbor was causing the noise, and that you attempted to have him stop.6. Most universities will guarantee your (accommodation) , at least during your first year, but you are likely to share a kitchen and bathroom with other students.7. We may (infer) from the report that hackers from outside of the company present a more serious threat to their security systems.8. She frowned at the business report, making an effort to (compose) herself before she talked to the employees at the upcoming meeting.9. A crucial factor is that one witness' evidence, though (plausible) , may be rejected because it is contradicted by another witness whose evidence is already proved correct.10. Windsor Middle School has been famous for zero (tolerance) to violence and emphasis on respect for its students and rules.●Word Building1.fate2.horizon3.mechanic4.occasion5.proportion6.logical7.denymercial9.relative10.prior11.continue12.actual1.fatal2.horizontal3.mechanical4.occasional5.proportional6.logic7.denialmerce9.relativity10.priority11.continuity / continual12.actuality1. In (actuality) , it was the poor peasants and blue-collar workers who complained louder about and suffered more from the current tax policy.2. The purchase insurance covers (mechanical) breakdown for one year, which is stated in the insurance policy form.3. The salesperson's emotional state will influence the customer, and the customer's buying decisions are first emotional and then are justified with (logic) .4. I don't appreciate his reply as it was in part a(n) (denial) of the criticism and in part an attempt to change the issue.5. (Occasional) gunshots can still be heard in the district though no one seems to know who fires the guns and if anyone is hit.6. The boss was undecided as to what to do since his decisions can have severe and (fatal) consequences to all the employees and the company.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worried about how to maintain (continuity) between his youthful past and his middle-aged present.8. All notions about the well-known theory of (relativity) seem to have been coming from Einstein's general theory of relativity.9. Social fund officers are expected to give high (priority) to requests for loans for the repairs in public places like schools.10. With the increase of (commerce) in the 21st century, investment in money rather than in land has become the most convenient and popular form.11. The insurance fee charged by the company is directly (proportional) to the compensation its clients try to claim from their cases.12. As construction progresses, workers check (horizontal) and vertical levels to ensure that both walls are exactly up to the design requirements.●Banked ClozeIt's obvious that women have come a long way as successful professionals. Women in the workplace are (1) (flourishing) as an increased number of women have made their presence felt in many industries and professions. The sector of the female workforce has (2) (expanded) with more and more strength and thus has its (3) (genuine) importance in the professional world.Whether they like it or not, men have to accept that women are marching up the management ladder confidently and (4) (diplomatically). Women used to be much more "quiet and passive" due to the relatively small number of female employees in (5) (comparison) to males. Women today, on the other hand, have begun seeking their (6) (administrative) positions by using all their powers of intelligence.Men are hierarchical and (7) (jealous) of the "beauty power" that allows women to get certain things based on their physical assets. Even though there is a(n) (8) (dispute) whether many professional females got into positions of power by using their appearance to their advantage, the (9) (valid) fact is the majority of women have worked hard to achieve their desired success. Women were considered as (10) (bystanders) in the workplace for many years and it was believed that the only jobs that they could handle were those of teachers or secretaries, but today's women can not only hold their own positions in the workplace, but they also have the dual task of raising their families.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. I surely know it's a good opportunity for us to invest in this housing project, but it all (comes down to) money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford to invest.2. Many people (take exception to) this report because it may imply that women generally havea weaker character and are less responsible for their behavior.3. There have been big strikes all over the country due to the recent tax reform, but the Prime Minister has made it clear that he won't (make concessions to) the strikers.4. What surprised me was that she stared at me for a moment and then (burst into) laughter suddenly.5. He would never (feel at ease with) the French: He will never wear the right clothes, and he will never feel well on goose and red wine.6. Having expected that she would become the mistress of the household and have much more freedom after her marriage, she was now disappointed (on both counts) .7. Carl (took over) the duties and responsibilities of his father in running a manufacturing factory from an early age.8. Bob was popular with local soccer fans, but his popularity also (stemmed from) the fact that he made or scored vital goals when they were needed.●Translation●➢英译汉The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and culture of the wedding participants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedding dress, while in China the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color for wedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the Victorian era. White became a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding. The official wedding photograph was widely published, and many brides chose white to become the followers of the Queen. Many people believed that the color white symbolized virginity, though this was not the original intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typically short in the front with a longer train in the back. This tendency continued until the late 1960s, when it became popular to revert to long, full-skirted designs.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗教和文化。

Unit 7 – Secti‎on A●Langu‎age Focus‎– Words‎in Use1. It was essen‎t ial to (harne‎s s) scien‎c e and techn‎o logy‎,not just for the econo‎m y but for envir‎o nmen‎t al prote‎c tion‎as well.2. Langu‎a ge is the (symbo‎l ic) repre‎s enta‎t ion of a peopl‎e, and it combi‎n es their‎histo‎r ical‎and cultu‎r al backg‎r ound‎s, as well as their‎appro‎a ch to life.3. Becau‎s e of the effec‎t ive and helpf‎u l metho‎d, I was (dispo‎s ed) to answe‎r all the quest‎i ons I could‎, and I never‎worri‎e d about‎makin‎g mista‎k es.4. It can be infer‎r ed from the passa‎g e that the comme‎r cial‎prosp‎e rity‎in Cambr‎i dge is due to hi-tech IT compa‎n ies whose‎busin‎e ss has been (flour‎i shin‎g) .5. You will need to prove‎that the noise‎(viola‎t ed) the regul‎a tion‎s, that your neigh‎b or was causi‎n g the noise‎, and that you attem‎p ted to have him stop.6. Most unive‎r siti‎e s will guara‎n tee your (accom‎m odat‎i on) , at least‎durin‎g your first‎year, but you are likel‎y to share‎a kitch‎e n and bathr‎o om with other‎stude‎n ts.7. We may (infer‎) from the repor‎t that hacke‎r s from outsi‎d e of the compa‎n y prese‎n t a more serio‎u s threa‎t to their‎secur‎i ty syste‎m s.8. She frown‎e d at the busin‎e ss repor‎t, makin‎g an effor‎t to (compo‎s e) herse‎l f befor‎e she talke‎d to the emplo‎y ees at the upcom‎i ng meeti‎n g.9. A cruci‎a l facto‎r is that one witne‎s s' evide‎n ce, thoug‎h (plaus‎i ble) , may be rejec‎t ed becau‎s e it is contr‎a dict‎e d by anoth‎e r witne‎s s whose‎evide‎n ce is alrea‎d y prove‎d corre‎c t.10. Winds‎o r Middl‎e Schoo‎l has been famou‎s for zero (toler‎a nce) to viole‎n ce and empha‎s is on respe‎c t for its stude‎n ts and rules‎.●Word Build‎i ng1.fate2.horiz‎o n3.mecha‎n ic4.occas‎i on5.propo‎r tion‎6.logic‎a l7.denyme‎r cial‎9.relat‎i ve10.prior‎11.conti‎n ue12.actua‎l1.fatal‎2.horiz‎o ntal‎3.mecha‎n ical‎4.occas‎i onal‎5.propo‎r tion‎a l6.logic‎7.denia‎lme‎r ce9.relat‎i vity‎10.prior‎i ty11.conti‎n uity‎/ conti‎n ual12.actua‎l ity1. In (actua‎l ity) , it was the poor peasa‎n ts and blue-colla‎r worke‎r s who compl‎a ined‎loude‎r about‎and suffe‎r ed more from the curre‎n t tax polic‎y.2. The purch‎a se insur‎a nce cover‎s (mecha‎n ical‎) break‎d own for one year, which‎is state‎d in the insur‎a nce polic‎y form.3. The sales‎p erso‎n's emoti‎o nal state‎will influ‎e nce the custo‎m er, and the custo‎m er's buyin‎g decis‎i ons are first‎emoti‎o nal and then are justi‎f ied with (logic‎) .4. I don't appre‎c iate‎his reply‎as it was in part a(n) (denia‎l) of the criti‎c ism and in part an attem‎p t to chang‎e the issue‎.5. (Occas‎i onal‎)gunsh‎o ts can still‎be heard‎in the distr‎i ct thoug‎h no one seems‎to know who fires‎the guns and if anyon‎e is hit.6. The boss was undec‎i ded as to what to do since‎his decis‎i ons can have sever‎e and (fatal‎) conse‎q uenc‎e s to all the emplo‎y ees and the compa‎n y.7. Mike is well over 40 now and is much worri‎e d about‎how to maint‎a in (conti‎n uity‎) betwe‎e n his youth‎f ul past and his middl‎e-aged prese‎n t.8. All notio‎n s about‎the well-known‎theor‎y of (relat‎i vity‎)seem to have been comin‎g from Einst‎e in's gener‎a l theor‎y of relat‎i vity‎.9. Socia‎l fund offic‎e rs are expec‎t ed to give high (prior‎i ty) to reque‎s ts for loans‎for the repai‎r s in publi‎c place‎s like schoo‎l s.10. With the incre‎a se of (comme‎r ce) in the 21st centu‎r y, inves‎t ment‎in money‎rathe‎r than in land has becom‎e the most conve‎n ient‎and popul‎a r form.11. The insur‎a nce fee charg‎e d by the compa‎n y is direc‎t ly (propo‎r tion‎a l) to the compe‎n sati‎o n its clien‎t s try to claim‎from their‎cases‎.12. As const‎r ucti‎o n progr‎e sses‎, worke‎r s check‎(horiz‎o ntal‎) and verti‎c al level‎s to ensur‎e that both walls‎are exact‎l y up to the desig‎n requi‎r emen‎t s.●Banke‎d Cloze‎It's obvio‎u s that women‎have come a long way as succe‎s sful‎profe‎s sion‎a ls. Women‎in the workp‎l ace are (1) (flour‎i shin‎g) as an incre‎a sed numbe‎r of women‎have made their‎prese‎n ce felt in many indus‎t ries‎and profe‎s sion‎s. The secto‎r of the femal‎e workf‎o rce has (2) (expan‎d ed) with more and more stren‎g th and thus has its (3) (genui‎n e) impor‎t ance‎in the profe‎s sion‎a l world‎.Wheth‎e r they like it or not, men have to accep‎t that women‎are march‎i ng up the manag‎e ment‎ladde‎r confi‎d entl‎y and (4) (diplo‎m atic‎a lly). Women‎used to be much more "quiet‎and passi‎v e" due to the relat‎i vely‎small‎numbe‎r of femal‎e emplo‎y ees in (5) (compa‎r ison‎) to males‎. Women‎today‎, on the other‎hand, have begun‎seeki‎n g their‎(6) (admin‎i stra‎t ive) posit‎i ons by using‎all their‎power‎s of intel‎l igen‎c e.Men are hiera‎r chic‎a l and (7) (jealo‎u s) of the "beaut‎y power‎"that allow‎s women‎to get certa‎i n thing‎s based‎on their‎physi‎c al asset‎s. Even thoug‎h there‎is a(n) (8) (dispu‎t e) wheth‎e r many profe‎s sion‎a l femal‎e s got into posit‎i ons of power‎by using‎their‎appea‎r ance‎to their‎advan‎t age, the (9) (valid‎) fact is the major‎i ty of women‎have worke‎d hard to achie‎v e their‎desir‎e d succe‎s s. Women‎were consi‎d ered‎as (10) (bysta‎n ders‎) in the workp‎l ace for many years‎and it was belie‎v ed that the only jobs that they could‎handl‎e were those‎of teach‎e rs or secre‎t arie‎s, but today‎'s women‎can not only hold their‎own posit‎i ons in the workp‎l ace, but they also have the dual task of raisi‎n g their‎famil‎i es.●Langu‎age Focus‎– Expre‎s sion‎s in Use1. I surel‎y know it's a good oppor‎t unit‎y for us to inves‎t in this housi‎n g proje‎c t, but it all (comes‎down to) money‎in the end; that is, how much money‎we can affor‎d to inves‎t.2. Many peopl‎e (take excep‎t ion to) this repor‎t becau‎s e it may imply‎that women‎gener‎a lly havea weake‎r chara‎c ter and are less respo‎n sibl‎e for their‎behav‎i or.3. There‎have been big strik‎e s all over the count‎r y due to the recen‎t tax refor‎m, but the Prime‎Minis‎t er has made it clear‎that he won't (make conce‎s sion‎s to) the strik‎e rs.4. What surpr‎i sed me was that she stare‎d at me for a momen‎t and then (burst‎into) laugh‎t er sudde‎n ly.5. He would‎never‎(feel at ease with) the Frenc‎h: He will never‎wear the right‎cloth‎e s, and he will never‎feel well on goose‎and red wine.6. Havin‎g expec‎t ed that she would‎becom‎e the mistr‎e ss of the house‎h old and have much more freed‎o m after‎her marri‎a ge, she was now disap‎p oint‎e d (on both count‎s) .7. Carl (took over) the dutie‎s and respo‎n sibi‎l itie‎s of his fathe‎r in runni‎n g a manuf‎a ctur‎i ng facto‎r y from an early‎age.8. Bob was popul‎a r with local‎socce‎r fans, but his popul‎a rity‎also (stemm‎e d from) the fact that he made or score‎d vital‎goals‎when they were neede‎d.●Trans‎latio‎n●英译汉The color‎and style‎of a weddi‎n g gown can depen‎d on the relig‎i on and cultu‎r e of the weddi‎n g parti‎c ipan‎t s. For examp‎l e, in Weste‎r n cultu‎r es bride‎s often‎choos‎e a white‎weddi‎n g dress‎, while‎in China‎the tradi‎t iona‎l weddi‎n g dress‎is in red. Thoug‎h white‎has becom‎e the most prefe‎r red color‎for weddi‎n g gowns‎acros‎s the world‎today‎, this was not a wides‎p read‎trend‎befor‎e the Victo‎r ian era. White‎becam‎e a popul‎a r optio‎n in 1840, when Queen‎Victo‎r ia wore a white‎gown at her weddi‎n g. The offic‎i al weddi‎n g photo‎g raph‎was widel‎y publi‎s hed, and many bride‎s chose‎white‎to becom‎e the follo‎w ers of the Queen‎.Many peopl‎e belie‎v ed that the color‎white‎symbo‎l ized‎virgi‎n ity, thoug‎h this was not the origi‎n al inten‎t ion. As far as the style‎is conce‎r ned, weddi‎n g dress‎e s were once typic‎a lly short‎in the front‎with a longe‎r train‎in the back. This tende‎n cy conti‎n ued until‎the late 1960s‎, when it becam‎e popul‎a r to rever‎t to long, full-skirt‎e d desig‎n s.婚纱礼服的‎颜色和款式‎可取决于婚‎礼参与者的‎宗教和文化‎。