2016考研英语经济学人：沙特的女性能否获得开车权

Taiwan’s courts may decriminalise adultery台湾法院或将取消通奸罪Jail terms for extramarital affairs are at odds with the country’s otherwise liberal laws通奸入狱与台湾其他方面较为宽松的法律显得格格不入It is an odd mix.Taiwan is the only country in Asia to have legalised gay marriage(unless you count Australia and New Zealand).But it is also one of the few countries in Asia,along with conservative Muslim places such as Afghanistan and Brunei,where adultery remains a crime.这真是一种奇怪的组合。

台湾是亚洲唯一一个同性婚姻合法化的地区（除非将澳大利亚和新西兰也算上）。

但台湾又同阿富汗、文莱等保守的穆斯林国家一样，是为数不多的将通奸入刑的地区之一。

From2016to2019the police investigated more than10,000people they suspected of philandering.More than1,200were convicted.The guilty all received fines,averaging90,000Taiwan dollars($3,000).They could in theory have been jailed for up to a year.And many straying spouses end up with a criminal record.2016年至2019年，台湾警方对超过1万名涉嫌通奸的嫌疑人进行了调查，其中1200余人被定罪。

沙特阿拉伯的社会变革过去几十年，沙特阿拉伯一直被认为是一个保守的国家，守旧的信念和传统文化统治着这片土地。

然而，近年来，沙特阿拉伯正在进行着革命性的社会转变，这个保守国家正在迈向开放和现代化。

这次社会变革对于沙特阿拉伯的居民以及全球社会都具有深远的影响。

一、女性权益的争取在过去的几十年里，妇女在沙特阿拉伯的地位一直备受争议。

男性负责家庭和社会事务，妇女往往被限制在家庭内部，并面临诸多限制。

然而，沙特阿拉伯政府意识到妇女的潜力和能力，于是开始推动一系列改革，以提高妇女在社会生活中的地位。

首先，沙特阿拉伯政府推出了解禁女性驾驶的政策。

这项政策于2018年6月正式生效，结束了妇女在公共道路上驾驶受限的历史。

这一政策被广大妇女视为重要的里程碑，使得她们能够更自主地参与社会生活，提高生活质量。

其次，沙特阿拉伯政府也着手推动取消男性监护人制度。

根据这一制度，妇女需要在很多方面取得男性亲属的许可才能行动，这严重限制了她们的自由。

近年来，政府不断修订法律，简化了妇女的行动限制，鼓励她们独立决策，赢得更多的自由。

二、文化与娱乐的开放沙特阿拉伯的文化和娱乐领域也发生了巨大的变化。

以前，沙特阿拉伯的文化活动非常有限，几乎所有的娱乐都被视为低俗或非法。

然而，现在，沙特阿拉伯政府意识到文化和娱乐对发展国家形象和文化产业的重要性，开始积极开放这些领域。

从2018年开始，沙特阿拉伯举办了一系列的音乐会、艺术展览和电影节，吸引了来自世界各地的艺术家和观众。

这些活动为国内外的文化交流提供了平台，也使得沙特阿拉伯的文化多样性得到了展示和推广。

此外，沙特阿拉伯政府还开放了电影院和音乐演出场所。

这些设施的开放为居民提供了更多的娱乐选择和消遣方式，丰富了人们的日常生活。

三、经济多元化沙特阿拉伯长期以来主要依赖石油产业，这个国家是全球最大的石油出口国之一。

然而，随着全球能源行业的快速变革，沙特阿拉伯开始寻求经济多元化，以减少对石油的依赖。

2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：巴西经济Brazil's economy巴西经济Rough weather ahead极端天气在前The mistakes Dilma Rousseff made during her firstpresidential term mean her second will be stormy迪尔玛·罗塞夫在她第一个任期内所犯的错误将使她的第二个任期风雨交加WHILE Dilma Rousseff prepared to be sworn in for a second term as Brazil's president onJanuary 1st, the skies over the capital, Brasília, were forecast to be clear. But the outlook forthe next four years is gloomy. Her daunting to-do list includes repairing ties with America,damaged by the revelation in 2013 that its spies had tapped her phone calls. Deforestation inthe Amazon region is rising after a decade of decline, and the worst drought on recordthreatens to bring energy and water rationing to the industrial south-east. Preparations for the2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeirorisk a reprise of the deadline- and budget-busting run-up tothe 2014 football World Cup, which Brazilalso hosted. Ms Rousseff's left-wing Workers' Party(PT) and its allies are embroiled in a corruption scandal involving Petrobras, the state-controlled oil giant, though so far she is personally untainted.当迪尔玛·罗塞夫准备一月一日的巴西总统连任宣誓时，天气预报显示首都巴西利亚是晴天。

★第1篇-Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles 福特放弃电动汽车第一篇福特放弃电动汽车分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽年的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。

通用汽车公司和日本本田汽车公司早于1999年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更有吸引力。

福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。

3年前，福特推出名为Think City的双排座汽车和Think或Think Neighbor系列高尔夫车，希望能销售5000辆汽车、10000高尔夫车。

但由于需求不足，截至2002年仅生产了大约1000辆汽车，售出的高尔夫车还不足1700辆。

“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的Tim Holmes于周五说，“我们感觉自己对电力车已做了昀好的尝试。

”Think City系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。

通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运行100英里。

昂贵的电池也意味着电动汽车的造价比汽油动力车高出许多。

日本丰田产的RA V4EV系列电动车在美国的售价达42000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17000美元。

丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两大电动车制造商。

“应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。

福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我们应据此评价他们的发展。

”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对《环保新闻》评论说。

日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。

混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。

福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。

不过，这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放物现在还不十分清楚。

六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。

2017考研英语阅读理解题材解析——沙特女性开车权Saudi Arabia's women drivers沙特女司机Ovarian issue卵巢问题?Will Saudi women ever be allowed behind the wheelof a car?沙特的女性能获得开车权吗?WHEN a group of Saudi women first took to thekingdom's roads to flout its ban on female drivers, they publicised their protest by fax andvideocassette. The 47 participants suffered fines, travel bans, social ostracism and, in somecases, the loss of government jobs. The ban itself, 23 years and many protests later, remains.But much else has changed.当第一次一群沙特女同志占据王国之路来嘲笑禁止女性司机这一法令时，她们通过传真和录音机来将她们的抗议公之于众。

那47位参与者遭到罚款、旅行禁令、社会排斥异己在某些情况下，失去了政府部门工作。

这条法令，在历经23年并遭到无数次反抗之后，如今仍然保留着。

但是很多东西早已改变。

The campaigners behind a drive-along protest scheduled for October 26th have put it onTwitter, Facebook and a slick website. Their petition demanding that the government issuedriving licences to women has gathered close to 17,000 signatures. A call for women to uploadvideos of themselves driving has already gathered dozens of clips. The footage of headscarvedladies navigating suburban traffic may scarcely be thrilling, but some have scored over 100,000web viewings.策划10月26日单独驾驶抗议的活动者们已经将这一禁令发布到推特，脸谱以及一个热门网站上。

Section I Use of English 1、【答案】B as well as 【解析】根据空格所在句⼦的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男⽅的亲朋好友，_____⼥⽅的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表⽰并列关系。

其他选项意思与原⽂内容不符。

2、【答案】D decide on 【解析】根据选项得知空格处需要填谓语动词，空格后⾯的宾语是“…配偶”，所以根据动宾搭配的原则，D选项 decide on 可以与后⾯的宾语，构成通顺语义：选择配偶。

所以D项正确。

3、【答案】C arrange 【解析】此题考查的仍是动宾搭配，空格处后⾯的内容the marriage negotiation，只能与选项C arrange构成通顺语义，“安排…磋商”，故选C。

4、【答案】A In theory 【解析】根据空格后⾯的内容，得知⼥孩可能会否定她的⽗母为其所选的配偶;句中的may 表⽰的是⼀种可能性。

所以，与原⽂句⼦内容表达⼀致的，只有A选项 in theory。

5、【答案】C after 【解析】空格处所在的句⼦是现在完成时，逗号后⾯的内容是⼀般现在时，所以根据时态判断，前后内容存在时间上的先后性，所以C选项after正确。

6、【答案】A into 【解析】原⽂：each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _______ a good family. 每个家庭调查另⼀个家庭，确保孩⼦娶或嫁到⼀个好家庭。

此处需要填⼊⼀个介词，嫁⼊另⼀个家庭，介词选择into最合适。

故选A。

7、【答案】C but 【解析】若要判断此空的答案，需要看到前后⽂的具体含义和逻辑关系。

空格上半句说：原来传统婚礼持续三天，后半句说：到20世纪80年代婚礼通常持续1天半，显然前后⽂形成了对⽐，故选C。

Women in China中国女性The sky’s the limit天空无限宽广But it’s not exactly heaven却不尽然是天堂Nov 26th 2011 | from the print editionPULLY CHAU SPENT eight years working for the Chinese office of a big international advertising agency and never got a pay rise; there was always some excuse. “It was stupid of me not to ask,” she says. “If I had been a Caucasian man, I would have done better.”She stuck around because she liked the idea of working for an outfit that was well known in China and hoped to learn something. Eventually she got fed up and took a job with another Western agency, draftfcb, where she is now chairman and CEO for Greater China, based in Shanghai. Just turned 50, glamorous, confident and boundlessly energetic, she could pick and choose from any number of jobs. There are lots of opportunities for women in China, she says—but in business life is still easier for men.Pully Chau在一家大型国际广告公司的中国办事处工作了八年，但从未有过加薪，总是有这样那样的借口阻挡她的加薪之路。

留学生必看:世界各国奇葩法律大盘点已经制定了满满国外旅游计划的同学们，旅行前除了要准备一些旅行必备品以外，各国的一些特殊规定和奇葩法律也应提前了解，别不小心作出违法之举。

随着国民收入的不断增长，境外游已经逐渐成为内地游客的首选，热爱旅行的你一定非常注重出行的品质，但你有没有想过，你所期待的完美旅程，可能会因为触犯当地的法律而毁于一旦，所以在出国之前，多些英语常识的了解。

不要以为走到哪里都可以像在家里一样肆无忌惮，那些你觉得根本不是事儿的行为，可能会让你摊上大事儿，罚点钱就是算你走运了，吃官司、甚至坐牢都是有可能的。

今天小编，就带大家一起来看看，世界上到底都存在哪些奇怪的法律。

■沙特阿拉伯：女性出门必须带头巾，且不能开车和游泳沙特的女性真得活的很累，不能开车，不能游泳，而且还不能露出可以展现女性魅力的秀发。

虽然，在沙特，解放女性的抗议游行已经进行了很多年，但最终都以失败告终。

请注意！这项规定同样适用于以各种事由到沙特的歪果仁，因此去往伊斯兰国家旅行的女性盆友一定要非常注意。

■新加坡：不能嚼口香糖，乱扔垃圾将被判重罪众所周知，新加坡以环境保护和美化监管闻名于世，号称花园式国家。

嚼过的口香糖不仅带有病菌，一旦粘在公共设施上，是非常难清理的。

因此，Chewing Gum在新加坡是被禁止的，唯一例外的是尼古丁戒烟口香糖，但是必须凭处方从药店购买。

另外，在新加坡，如果你被发现在公共场合乱扔垃圾，不但会被判重罪，罚款数千美元，还可能被强制要求参加垃圾收集志愿者活动，聪明的你应该不会想要引火上身吧。

■意大利：禁止“丑女”穿比基尼看到这项规定，势必会让人哭笑不得。

丑女？什么样的称得上是Ugly？如果这样的话，是不是只有Super Model才敢穿？或者，直接规定女性不能在公共场合穿比基尼算了，这样也不会让有些过于自信的“姐妹们”遭到攻击。

■美国内华达州：留胡须男性的不能接吻美国内华达州法律规定，禁止留胡须的男性与女性接吻，哦买噶，小编真的要为我们帅一脸血的胡须男神们打抱不平了！足坛型男贝克汉姆，暖心大叔吴秀波，还有最近火爆了的“小包总”……我们留胡须怎么了！抱不平打完，还是要请广大喜欢蓄胡子的男性朋友，注意啦，去内华达州旅行可一定要注意哦，亲亲时一定不要被发现哦。

自闭症 Why it's not “Rain Woman” 为什么它不是“雨女” Women have fewer cognitive disorders than men dobecause their bodies are better at ignoring themutations which cause them 与男性相比，患有认知障碍的女性较少，因为她们自身的身体能更好的忽略导致认知障碍的基因突变 AUTISM is a strange condition. Sometimes its symptoms of “social blindness” (an inability toread or comprehend the emotions of others) occur alone. This is dubbed high-functioningautism, or Asperger's syndrome. Though their fellow men and women may regard them as abit odd, high-functioning autists are often successful (sometimes very successful) members ofsociety. On other occasions, though, autism manifests as part of a range of cognitiveproblems. Then, the condition is debilitating. What is common to those on all parts of the so-called autistic spectrum is that they are more often men than women—so much more oftenthat one school of thought suggests autism is an extreme manifestation of what it means,mentally, to be male. Boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girlsare.For high-functioning autism, the ratio is seven to one. 自闭症是一种奇怪的状态。

2016年考研英语一真题及解析2016年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1 __ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3 __ the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection.__4__ , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5 __ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and __10__ a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__ . Newlyseds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may __12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__ ,but not common. Divoreced persons are __15__with some disapproval. Each spouse retains __16__ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__ up: The divorced mal e doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__ the woman must wait ten months.1. [A] by way of [B] on behalf of [C] as well as [D] with regard to[标准答案] [C] as well as[考点分析] 逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境not only…b ut also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项as well as 也，又。