新编大学英语 4 课后习题答案完整版(Book 4)Unit 1Reading comprehension1略2 BDCAC AADBBVocabulary1. 1) A.entertainingB. entertainmentC. entertainedD. entertainer2) A. recognizable B. recognizedC. recognition3) A. tempting B. temptation C. tempt4) A. reasoned B. reasoning C.reasonableD. reason5) A. analyzed B. analytical C. analystD. analysis6) A. valuable B. valuation C. valued/values values7) A. humorist B. humor C. humorousD. humorless8) A.understandableB. understandingC.understand D. misunderstood6)11)3) a sense of inferiority4) a sense of superiority a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior disciplining 6) agreed7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question2. 1) a sense of responsibility2) a sense of safety/security5) a sense of rhythm 8) a sense of helplessness5)attempt 12) voice13) directly 14) followed 15) troubleUnit 2Reading comprehension1略2 FFTFTFTFTTFTFTVocabulary1.Creating Compound WordsSTEP ONE:Column A Column B The compound words createdthrough day throughout up man upbeat, uplift draw eareddrawback teen ready teenagehand conscious handout, handwritten birth back birthday,birthstone chair distance chairman rag beat rag-eared everlift ever-readyover age overdue, overage long due long-distance, long-eared self stone self-consciousmile out m ileage, milestonetype wishing typewriter, typewrittenwell writer/written well-wishing, well-writtenSTEP TWO:1) long-2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) distanceoverdue 5) typewriter6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage2.1) A. intrigued v. interestB. intrigue n. the act or practice of secretly planning to harm someone or make them lose their position of power2)A. straining v. try very hard to do something using all your physical or mental strengthB. strain n. a force that stretches, pulls or puts pressure on something3)A. savor n. taste; flavorB. savored v. enjoy the taste or flavor of; enjoy as much as you can4)A. treasure v. treat something as being very special, important, or valuableB. treasure n. a store of gold, silver, jewels, etc.5)A. credited v. consider ⋯as having achieved something or being the reason for itB.creditn. trust; faith6) A. boost n. an encouraging act of cheering somebody upB. boost v. make someone feel more confident and less worried7) A. note n. a short, usually informal, letterB. noted v. notice or pay careful attention to something8) A. signedv. write your signature on a letter or document toshow that you wrote it, agreed with itB. sign n. gesture used to express one 's meaning,idea,etc.9) A. totaled v. come to a certain amountB. total n. the whole amount10) A. v. fill something with a substanceB. stuff n. substance or material11) A. count n. the number that is reached when something is being countedB. count v. be important12) A. last v. manage to remain in the same situationB. last n. the remaining part of something13) A. complimented v. express praise or admiration of somebodyB. compliment n. an expression of praise, admiration, approval, etc.14) A. flood n. a large number or amountB.floodingv. arrive in large numbers 15) A. contact n. communication with a person, organization,country, etc.B.contact v. reach (someone) by message, telephone, etc.3. 1) thrives 2) strategytough: 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized 11) lingered12) acknowledgeddeserve 5) spontaneous 6) sincere3) annual 4)7) investments4. column: 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C5.1)A. complementary B. complimentary C. complimentary complimentary: 1) expressing admiration, praise, etc.2)given free of chargecomplementary: making something complete or perfect; supplying what is lacking or needed for completion2) A. stationery B. stationary C. stationarystationary: not moving, or not changing stationery: writing materials (e.g. paper, envelopes, etc.)3)A. typist B. typewriter C. typisttypewriter: a machine with a keyboard that you use for typing words directly onto a sheet of papertypist: a person who types, especially one employed to do so 4)A. vulgar B. vague C. vague vague: 1) not clearly expressed, known, described or decided2) not clear in shape; not clearly seen vulgar: not having or showing good taste or good manners; not educated5)A. pad B. pat C. padpad: 1) several sheets of paper fastened together, used for writing, drawing, etc.2) a piece of soft thick cloth or rubber which is used to protect apart of the body, give shape to something or clean something 6)A. own B. owed C. owes D. ownedowe: 1) have to pay, for something already done or given2) feel gratefulown: 1) a. belonging to oneself and to no one else2) v. possess (something), especially by lawful right6.1)searched2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb 8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation14) hurried 15)warrant 16) strangeUnit 31 Understanding the Organization of the Text(1)Introduction (para 1)It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, andinterests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredityand culture.(2)There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4)Supporting evidenceA.Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2)i)Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process.ii)The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudesand go on to higher achievement.iii)Two examples:a.In many of the former all- women's colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably.b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.B.Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para. 3)i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class.ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away.C.Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teacher ' assumption. (para 4)i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills.ii) Three examples:a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on.b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who develop reading problems.c.In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading.(3)The educational bias begins at home. (para 5)A.Supporting evidence:i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much wider area than girl preschoolers.ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.B.The consequence when these lessons carry over fromthe home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in beingintellectually independent, analytical, or original.C.Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the child 'sw aking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold.2 CBDBCDVocabularyapproved 5) Bias1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4)6) deprived 7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate2. conscious –unconscious negativeencourage –discourage –inferior positive –superiordirectly –indirectly biasedlimited – unlimiteddependentappropriately – inappropriately3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8)B4. 1) turn out 2) carry over 3) calling on 4) put away 5) fallen behind 6) take overUnit 4Reading Comprehension 1. 1) Introduction(para 1)It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents canencouragecreativity in children.2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3)A. The strategy:To encourage children to spend time thinking anddeveloping new ideas.fairsexistnonsexistindependentB.The significance for adopting the strategy:If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able tofunction in tomorrow 's society.3)The definition of creativity (para. 4-5)A.Who successful students and adults are:Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.B.What creative people can do:They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good forsomething.4) A big problem in school (para. 6)The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can 'tg fuireout ways to apply what they know in new situations.5)A new approach to teaching (para 7)A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where students mustuse their imaginations.B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ideas andnew thoughts.C.How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which there is norisk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and valued,never scorned or dismissed.6)Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10)A.To involve children in decision making.B.To help children to understand the consequences of various decisions.C.To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. The reasonfor doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills.D.To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can seecreativity in its purest form.E.To give children choices from their earliest age.Examples:a.When they are very young, let them choose between two food items forlunch.b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spendtheir money2 understanding specific informationTFFTTFFT2. 1) perfected2) approaching3) value 4) functions5) approach6) perfect7) honor8) function 9) honor10) value3. 1) dismiss2) consequences3) promoting 4)applies 5) vitalVocabulary 1. 1) confused, confusion humorous, humor4) strategy, strategic combination, combined7) creation, creative 2) intelligence, intelligent 5) motivated, motivation 8) pursuit, pursuing3)6)9)6) scorned 7) conventional 8) original4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determines 5) Imagination6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique11) vulnerable 12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain15) Applyunit 5Understanding the organization of the text1)Introduction (para. 1)Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good orbad ones.2)Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5)The author 's arguments:A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model whileaccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete.(para. 2)B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn 't mean I am perfect. (para. 3)C.Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4)a. He influences people 's livesin a positive way.b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him.c.He displays the values like honesty and determination.D.Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parentstry to teach their children. (para. 5)3)People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don 'twant to be rolemodes. (para. 6-7)A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal.Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside JesusChrist. (para. 6)B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received aboutgambling.2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I cango anywherewithout being the center of attention and I can 't even buy amotorcycle I really want. (para. 7)4)Conclusion (para 8-9)The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad. A. It 's a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decided to tryto be good.B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings.C.Charles Barkley is a good role model.2、 F T F T F F F F T F T FVocabulary2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far4)take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to8) look up to 9) Let 's face it 10) you name it3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlivedUnit 6Vocabulary Practice1.1)sensiblesensible: having or showing good sense; reasonable sensitive: easily hurt, upset, or offended by things that people say2)relativerelevant: directly connected with the subject or problem being discussed or consideredrelative: considered in relation or proportionto somebody/something else; comparative3)mechanismmachine: 机器mechanism: a structure of working parts functioning together to produce an effect4)requiresrequire: need somethingrequest: ask for something politely or formally5)eliminatereduce: make something smaller in size, number, degree, price, etc.eliminate: completely get rid of something that is unnecessary orunwanted6)crashcrash: a breaking to pieces especially by or as if by collision collision: an accident in which two or more people or vehicles hit each other while moving in different directions2.1)character 2) end up 3) Rarely 4) casual 5) risky 6) all manner of 7) inform 8) sensible 9) definitively3.1) On the strength of 2) all manner of 3) feed on 4) reduce ⋯to 5) end up6) associated with 7) focus on 8) turned to 9) participatein 10) involved inunit 71. C E B D A F2. relearn 再学习regain 收回，重新获得redo 重做，再做rewrite 重写，改写rearrange 重新整理reclaim 要求归还，收回remodel 重新塑造，改变replace 取代rephrase 重新措辞rejoin 再结合，在加入reform 改革readjust 重新调整reunited (使)再结合rebroadcast 转播，重播reread 再读review 复习3. B A D A D C A A A Bunit 91. 1) observation 2) available 3) discoveries 4) acceptance5)experimentation6)inventions 7) evolution 8) adaptable 9) innovative 10) objectivity2. 1) out of the ordinary 2) preceded 3) To be exact 4) Contradict(ed) 5) ProsperityCOLUMN A COLUMN Binvention inventavailable AvailInnovation InnovateAdaptable AdaptDiscovery DiscoverAcceptance AcceptEvolution EvolveObjectivity ObjectiveObservation ObserveExperimentation ExperimentProsperity Prosperdisastrous disaster6) Gave birth to 7) Catch our breath 8) had in mind 9) proposed 10) converted 11) disastrous 12) negative3. 1) She had hardly sat down2)Especially if/ when you want to reserve a seat3)is not necessarily the most useful4)What sort/kind of person do you have in mind5)There 's a limit on the time6)Spend part of his childhood7)three times as many girls as boys8)as do most of the people who live in this village9)but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere10)Depite/ In spite of international pressure。
