介词+关系词引导的定语从句
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“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,关系代词常用 which (指物) whom(指人),即介词+which/whom。
1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时,关系代词which或whom不能省略。
He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which had t been cleaned for at least a year.他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户,这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn t a single person to whom she couid turn.在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。
定语从句中,当介词位于定语从句的末 which (指物),that/whom/who (指人)作介词的宾语,而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that/who/whom/(可省略) we are proud of.这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that/which/(可省略) I I wrote the letter with.这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
【温馨提示】①有些动词+介词的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。
这就是我正在找的磁带。
[误]This is the right tape for which I m looking, [正]This is the right tape that I m looking for.②常见的不可拆开的动词词组有:care for 喜欢,关心deal with 处理,对付get through 通过;到达;接通电话hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说look for/after寻找/照顾send for派人去请see to照管,料理3.复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句,这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开,定语从句常用倒装语序。
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点:
1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用which(指物)和whom(指人),即:介词+which/whom。
不能用that和who。
e.g.Thisistheteacherfromwhomwe’velearnedalot.这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。
5.引导定语从句的关系副词(when,where,why)可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。
e.g.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.(when=onwhich).我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。
Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.(where=inwhich).父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。
来源:网络转载
NoneofusknowthereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.(why=forwhich).我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
6.“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句,常与先行词用逗号隔开,而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
e.g.Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一幢大房子里,房前有一棵大树。
来源:网络转载。
高中英语语法“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型,介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,把介词置于关系代词前,即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。
例如:The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher.=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中,关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人) ,即:介词+which/whom。
(1)The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.(2)The city in which she lives is far away.(3)The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons.注意:当介词放在关系代词的前面时,用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。
2.在限制性定语从句中,当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时,可用that/which(指物);that/who/whom(指人)作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略,特别是在口语中。
如:(1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.(2)The city(which/that)she lives in is far away.注:通常介词放在定语从句中动词后,也可以放在关系代词前面,但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分,介词只能放在动词后,如:look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(一)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式,这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句,也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一.介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认,并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁? ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月,东南亚的部分地区发生洪水,人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
定语从句之—介词+关系代词词The Attributive Clause关系代词的用法;在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that ,which ,who ,whom ,whose 。
考查重点定语从句定语从句是中考必考考点之一,主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序,有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。
考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。
因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。
关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
命题趋势引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等关系副词包括where, when, why等根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句:紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句:主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
关系代词:who、that、whom、whose、which 做作主主语做宾语语1)指人:who/that 指物:which/that 2)指人:who/whom/that/省略指物:which/that/省略► The man who/tha t spoke at the ► The building which/that is ► I visited a scientist whose name is known all over themeeting is from Hong Kong.会上发言的人来自香港。
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(一)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式,这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句,也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一.介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认,并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁? ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月,东南亚的部分地区发生洪水,人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
考点六十八介词+关系代词引导的定语从句●"介词+关系代词"的用法当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常用"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句。
如果指"人",用"介词+whom";如果指"物",用"介词+which"。
●"介词+关系代词"结构中介词的选用1.一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下三方面入手:①先行词的意义;②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配;③句子的意思。
☞I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。
2.表示"整体和部分关系",介词常用of。
在some,any,few,none,all,both,neither,most,each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
☞John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。
3.有时"介词+where"可以引导定语从句,此时要和"介词+which"引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
☞His head soon appeared out of the window,from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头很快从窗口探了出来,从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。
(from where相当于from out of the window,而不是from the window)●在定语从句中,含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化),如look after, look for等。
●"of which / whom"有时可以用"whose+名词"结构来改写。
●当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时,通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which 或that可省略);如果定语从句中不缺少状语,则用关系代词引导(that 或which 可省略)。
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(一)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式,这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句,也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一.介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认,并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁? ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月,东南亚的部分地区发生洪水,人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点:
1.“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用which(指物)和whom (指人),即:介词+which/whom。
不能用that 和who。
.This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。
2.有时介词也可放在从句的末尾,这时关系代词可用which/that(指物),
who/whom/that(指人),也可以省略。
. The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。
The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。
3.当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配,不可分割时,那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。
.This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
不能写成:This is the pen for which I’m looking.
4.定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。
. That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子,其中一个是医生。
The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。
5.引导定语从句的关系副词(when, where, why) 可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。
.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party. (when= on which). 我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。
The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. (where = in which). 父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。
None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which). 我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
6.“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句,常与先行词用逗号隔开,而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
. He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree. 他住在一幢大房子里,房前有一棵大树。