新视野大学英语第四册Unit OnePart One Words and Patterns1. Neil came down form Sydney for the meeting and Lisa flew in from Perth, and when the meeting had finished, they returned to their ______ homes.A) respectable B) respective C) respectful D) respected2. The outing was ruined by a drunken tramp who _______ his company on the party and could not be shaken off.A) imposed B) focused C) followed D) brought3. The manager needs an assistant that he can _____ to take care of problems in his absence.A) count on B) count in C) count up D) count out4. Plenty of mysteries have lasted for centuries and finally _____ to explanation.A) yield B) comply C) submit D) consent5. Dr. Li said that he hoped teachers would be _____ to signs of stress in children at exam time.A) sensible B) sensitive C) advisable D) sensational6. Hard materialism is now subjected _____ a storm of criticism for the stark hedonism (赤裸裸的享乐主义).A) at B) to C) for D) under7. We apologize for the interruption to our _______ this afternoon, caused by an electrical fault.A) transition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation8. His insurance _______ him against monetary loss in case of fire.A) promised B) guaranteed C) kept D) prevented9. It is difficult to ______ these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.A) interpret B) interrupt C) disturb D) reject10. I would have learnt French, but the opportunity was _______ to me at school.A) denied B) rejected C) refused D) allowedPart Two Reading ComprehensionPassage 1The history of privacy rich in legendary figures. Of them the most talked about is perhaps Blue Beard. He was the strangest of strange mixtures of bravery and cruelty, of stupidity and brilliance. But the one thing that set him apart from all others was his pretentious love of culture. He liked to encode his directions to places where he has hidden his treasures in confusing road maps or verse so poorly written that no one can understand it. The result is most of his treasures still lie buried undiscovered. For although people have been known to have got hold of some of his road maps, none have been able to read them.The most famous of his road maps is what our story is all about. The notes accompanying the map read as follows: "This is the most beautiful island in the Mediterranean, on it lie buried some of my most valuable treasures.Around 100 years after the death of Blue beard, the map was obtained by a band of pirates,who arrived on the island with no difficulty. But to their disappointment, they did not find the treasures.The treasures were forgotten for another 100 years when a mathematician acquired the map by accident. For three days and nights he thought and thought before he suddenly jumped and let out a cry: "Eureka!"Unfortunately the mathematician did not find the treasure either, earthquake the island had been submerged.It was with a keen regret that the mathematician died, but he left us with a new geometry, without which man wouldn't have landed on the moon! Little did he think, however, that the knowledge he left behind is immeasurably more valuable than the treasures.1. Blue Beard could be described as all the following except______.A) rave B) merciless C) silly D) humorous2. The mathematician mentioned was probably______.A) around 100 years younger than Blue BeardB) around 100 years older than Blue BeardC) around 200 years younger than Blue BeardD) around 200 years older than Blue Beard3. The mathematician did not End the treasure because______.A) the island was difficult to findB) the island was under waterC) he made a mistakeD) the island had already been explored4. What cm be inferred from the passage is that the treasures______.A) are still in the same placeB) do not exist any moreC) have been found by someone elseD) are under water now5. According to the writer, the mathematician's greatest contribution to man is ______.A) he helped man End the islandB) he taught man how to and treasuresC) he made a new branch of knowledgeD) he found the way to locate treasuresPassage 2The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with humanlike ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software (软件) or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon'slong control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.1. In what way can we make a machine intelligent?A) By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space.B) By working hard for 10 or 20 years.C) By either properly programming it or changing its structure.D) By reproducing it.2. What does the writer think about machines with human-like ability?A) He believes they will be useful to human beings.B) He believes that they will control us in the future.C) He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us.D) He doesn't consider the construction of such machines possible.3. The word carbon (Line 4, para. 2) stands for "______"A) intelligent robotsB) a chemical elementC) an organic substanceD) human beings4. A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ______.A) its intelligence and cost are beyond questionB) it is able to bear the rough environmentC) it is made as complex as the human brainD) its architecture is different from that of the present ones5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______A) after the installation of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of self reproduction.B) with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability.C) once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will possess intelligence.D) robots will have control of the vast, man-made world in space.Passage 3The immune system is the body's defender. It identifies, tracks down, and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body. Those troublemakers may be, for example, bacteria from a cut or splinter, a measles germ, a cold bug, or even a cancer cell.These invaders try to take over our tissues and feed off our bodies, nutrients. If they succeed, we become sick or, sometimes, even die. It's the job of our immune systems to destroy these invaders before they destroy us.Say you picked up a flu virus ( 病毒)last week. Perhaps it entered your body through a cut,from a drinking glass, or from the air you breathe. Of course, you didn't feel it, but the virus made its way into your bloodstream. As soon as it entered your body, it began to reproduce. Viruses have only one goal z to take over your cells. Once inside your body, viruses try to enter cells and disrupt their normal work. If left alone, these viruses would hurt SO many cells that you would weaken, or worse, get a serious illness.But this flu virus should not be so complacent as it seems to be. As it reproduces in your bloodstream, the virus is met by a certain kind of white blood cell, the lymphocytes. The lymphocytes are the foot soldiers that keep you alive.The number of lymphocytes in your body is hard to imagine. Thousands of them could fit in the period at the end of this sentence. Your body holds about a trillion - that's 100000 000 of them, or about 300 in every drop of blood. Since you began reading this sentence, over 800000 of them have been created and destroyed.Some of these lymphocytes pass through a small walnut-sized organ called the thymus. The thymus is at the base of the neck. Here, special hormones(荷尔蒙) turn lymphocytes into fighting cells, called T ceils.T cells have one terrific talent: They can tell the difference between friend and foe; what should be in our bodies and what shouldn't. They do not affect the body's healthy cells. Yet they attack everything that is foreign to our bodies, such as germs, transplants, and even our own cells which have become abnormal, as in the case of cancer.1. What is the function of our immune system?A) To take over our tissues and feed off our bodies nutrients.B) To prevent bacteria or gems from entering the body.C) To destroy the troublemakers in order that they might not hurt the body.D) To fight against T cells.2. What does the word "lymphocytes" mean?A) Foot soldiers. B) Flu virus.C) White blood cell. D) Troublemakers3. Last sentence in para 5 "Since you began reading this sentence, over 8000000 of them have ken created and destroyed." implies that ______.A) this sentences contributes to the increase of the number of lymphocytes in your bodyB) you would not realize that lymphocytes reproduce themselves rapidly butfor this sentenceC) because you read this sentence, a large number of lymphocytes have beenconsumedD) the number of lymphocytes in your body is extremely large4. Which of the following can NOT be detected by T cells?A)Thymus. B) Transplants C) Cancer cells. D)Healthy cells.5. Which of the following question best summarize the man idea of the whole passage?A) How does the immune system attack the flu virus ?B) How does the immune system function in our body?C) How do the lymphocytes work in our body?D) What is the so-called immune system?Passage 4The mystery had now reached its climax: the man had undoubtedly been murdered, and it was absolutely certain no one could conceivably have done it. It was therefore time to call in the great detective, who gave one searching glance at the corpse, then produced a microscope."Aha!" he exclaimed as he picked a hair off the lapel of the dead man's coat. "The mystery is a mystery no longer. We have only to find the man who lost this hair, and the criminal will be in our hands." The inexorable chain of logic was complete, and the detective embarked on his search.For four days and four nights he moved unobserved through the streets of New York, a scanning closely every face he passed, looking for a man who had lost a hair. On the fifth day he discovered a man disguised as a tourist, his head enveloped in a cap reaching below his ears. The man was about to board the Gloritania, and the detective lost no time in following him on board."Arrest him!" shouted the detective, and then drawing himself to his full height, he brandished aloft the hair. "This is his", said the great detective, "and it proves his guilt.""Remove his hat," ordered the ship's captain sternly.It was discovered that the man was entirely bald."Aha!" exclaimed the great detective without a moment's hesitation. "He has committed not one murder but about one million!"1. Before the great detective arrived, it seemed that ______.A) the man had died of natural causesB) no one could possibly have murdered the manC) the mystery would be easy to solveD) the corpse was covered with hair2. The detective declared the mystery solved before he ______.A) found the hair B) produced the microscopeC) searched for the murderer D) glanced at the corpse3. The detective followed the man on board because he thought the man was ______.A) planning a murder B) baldC) a tourist D) not what he seemed4. The tone of the story is ______.A) humorous B) seriousC) educational D) scientific5. The theme of this story is that ______.A) those using logic are not always logicalB) mysteries can always be solved by using logicC) detectives can never be trustedD) guilt can always be proved scientificallyPart Three ClozeGeography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers (地理学家) compare and contrast 1 places on the earth. But they also 2 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a 3 . The word geography 4 from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein,5 means “ to write.” The English word geography means “to describe the earth.”6 geography books focus on a small area7 a town or a city. Others deal witha state, a region, a nation, or an 8 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another 9 divide the study of 10 is to distinguish betweenphysical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the 11 starts with human beings and 12 how human beings and their environment act 13 each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, 14 branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described 15 one who observes, records, and explains the 16 between places. If all places 17 alike, there would be little need for geographers. We know, however, _18_ no two places are exactly the same. Geography, 19 , is a point of view, a special way of 20 at places.1. A. similar B. various C. distant D. famous2. A. pass B. reach C. go D. set3. A. whole B. unit C. part D. total4. A. falls B. removes C. results D. comes5. A. what B. that C. which D. it6. A. Some B. Many C. Most D. Few7. A. outside B. except C. as D. like8. A. extensive B. entire C. overall D. enormous9. A. way B. means C. habit D. technique10. A. world B. earth C. geography D. globe11. A. second B. later C. next D. latter12. A. learns B. studies C. realises D. understands13. A. upon B. for C. as D. to14. A. neither B. either C. one D. each15. A. for B. to C. as D. by16. A. exceptions B. sameness C. differences D. divisions17. A. being B. are C. be D. were18. A. although B. whether C. since D. that19. A. still B. then C. nevertheless D. moreover20. A. working B. looking C. arriving D. gettingPart Four Judgment-making after ReadingUsing HIV Virus to Cure CancerScientists are planning to use human immunodeficiency (免疫缺陷) virus (HIV), one of mankind’s most feared viruses, as a carrier of genes which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured. The experts say HIV has an almost perfect ability to avoid the body’s immune(免疫的) defenses, making it ideal for carry ing replacement genes into patients’ bodies, according to the Observer.A team at the California-based Salk Institute, one of the world’s leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to begin clinical gene therapy (治疗) trials this year. The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have “far wider applications”.The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past twodecades. Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was “shocking” but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed.Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a patient’s body fails to work properly. In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics (遗传学) have led gene therapy scientists to try and replace the genes that do not function normally.Unfortunately, the body’s immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier.The HIV virus has the ability to escape from, and then destroy, the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients’ bodies.1. FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely accepted.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. HIV can be safely used to cure cancer only if the deadly genes have been removed.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. The HIV virus is an excellent warrior to fight t he body’s immune cells.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. It is the lack of money that has held up the progress in using replacement genes to cure cancer.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedPart Five Translation1. And complete freedom will finally become our chain, leaving us with no choice but to live in loneliness, with no one who need to care about us.2. Before marriage, people should ask themselves if they are ready to acknowledge their responsibility for the families.3. The glory of burning passion may well have faded, and your love for your wife or husband may not be as exciting or satisfying as it once was, but going off in search of another love will not help your children.4. That is why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.5. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.单项选择答案1-5：BAAAB 6-10: BCBAA阅读理解答案Passage 1DCBDCPassage 2CADABPassage 3CCDABPassage 4BCDAA阅读判断答案1-7: BBAACBC翻译参考答案1. 彻底的自由最终会成为我们的锁链，使我们别无选择，只能生活在孤独中，没有人来关心我们。
