河北省丰宁满族自治县朝阳民族学校2020-2021学年第一学期高一第一次月考数学试卷

河北省承德市丰宁县第一中学2020-2021学年高一化学月考试题含解析一、单选题（本大题共15个小题，每小题4分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，共60分。

）1.化合物Bilirubin在一定波长的光照射下发生分解反应，反应物浓度随反应时间变化如右图所示，计算反应4～8 min间的平均反应速率和推测反应16 min时反应物的浓度，结果应是()A．2.5 μmol·L－1·min－1和2.0 μmol·L－1B．2.5 μmol·L－1·min－1和2.5 μmol·L－1C．3.0 μmol·L－1·min－1和3.0 μmol·L－1D．5.0 μmol·L－1·min－1和3.0 μmol·L－1参考答案：B略2. .下列叙述中，正确的是（）A．二氧化硫具有漂白性，因而通入紫色石蕊试液中先变红后褪色B．浓硫酸和浓硝酸在常温下均可迅速与铜片反应放出气体C．浓硫酸与亚硫酸钠反应制备二氧化硫时,浓硫酸表现强氧化性D．稀硫酸和稀硝酸都具有氧化性参考答案：D略3. 下列变化不是由加成反应引起的是A．苯中加溴水振荡，溴水层褪色B．石油裂解后的气体通入溴水，溴水褪色C．乙烯在一定条件下催化聚合为聚乙烯D．苯转化为环已烷参考答案：D4. 下列有关浓硝酸和浓硫酸的叙述正确的是A．常温下都能与铜较快反应 B．受热都易分解C．露置于空气中，溶液质量均减轻 D．常温下都可用铁制容器贮存参考答案：D略5. 二硫化碳（CS2，标况下为液体）能够在氧气中完全燃烧生成CO2和SO2，今用0.228g CS2在448mL O2（在标准状况下）中完全燃烧，反应后气体混合物在标准状况下的体积是A．112mL B．224mL C．336mL D．448mL参考答案：D略6. 关于第三周期元素性质的说法正确的是（）A. 镁单质能和冷水发生剧烈的反应B. 碱性Mg（OH）2<Al（OH）3C. 稳定性SiH4＜HClD. 金属性Na＜Mg参考答案：C镁单质和冷水不反应，故A错误；碱性Mg（OH）2>Al（OH）3，故B错误；7. 短周期元素甲乙丙丁的原子序数依次增大，甲和乙形成的气态氢化物的水溶液呈碱性，乙位于第VA族，甲和丙同主族，丁的最外层电子数和电子层数相等，则( )A．原子半径：丙>丁>乙B．单质的还原性：丁>丙>甲C．甲、乙、丙的氧化物均为共价化合物D．乙、丙、丁的最高价氧化物对应的水化物不能相互反应参考答案：A略8.下图是一些常见有机物的转化关系，关于反应①~⑦的说法不正确的是（）A．反应①是加成反应 B．只有反应②是加聚反应C．反应④⑤⑥⑦是取代反应 D．只有反应⑦是取代反应参考答案：D略9. 物质X（）和物质Y（）的反应中，微粒之间的关系如下图所示，对该反应的描述，下列反应方程式正确的是（）A．3X + 8Y X3Y8B．X + 2Y XY2C．3X + 6Y X3Y6D．3X + 8Y 3XY2 + 2Y参考答案：B略10. 下列实验操作中有错误的是( )A．分液时，分液漏斗下层液体从下口放出，上层液体从上口倒出B．蒸馏时，温度计水银球应浸没在液体中，冷却水应从冷凝管的下口通入，上口流出C．加热液体时，试管口朝着无人的方向，先均匀受热再固定加热D．用容量瓶配制溶液时，应首先检查容量瓶是否漏水参考答案：B略11. 仅改变下列一个条件，通过提高活化分子的百分率来提高反应速率的是A.加热B.加压C.加负催化剂D.加大反应物浓度参考答案：A12. 下列溶液中的Cl-浓度与50mL 1mol/L MgCl2溶液中的Cl-浓度相等的是A．150 mL 1 mol/L NaCl溶液 B．75 mL 2 mol/L CaCl2溶液C．150 mL 2 mol/L KCl溶液 D．75 mL 1 mol/L AlCl3溶液参考答案：C略13. 下列叙述正确的是()A．SO2具有还原性，故可作漂白剂B．Na的金属活动性比Mg强，故可用Na与MgCl2溶液反应制MgC．浓硝酸中的HNO3见光会分解，故有时在实验室看到的浓硝酸呈黄色D．Fe在Cl2中燃烧生成FeCl3，故在与其他非金属反应的产物中的Fe也显＋3价参考答案：C略14. A、B是同周期元素，如果A原子半径比B大，则下列判断中正确的是：A．两元素形成的最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性应是A强于BB．A的气态氢化物比B的气态氢化物稳定C．A的金属性比B的金属性强D．A的阴离子比B的阴离子还原性强参考答案：CD15. 在杠杆的两端分别挂着质量和体积都相同的空心铝球和铜球，此时杠杆平衡。

2021年河北省承德市丰宁县中学高一语文月考试卷含解析一、现代文阅读（35分，共3题）1. 阅读下面文字，完成12—14题（12分）幸福是什么龙应台①幸福就是，生活中不必时时恐惧。

开店铺的人天亮时打开大门，不会想到是否有政府军或叛军或饥饿的难民来抢劫。

走在街上的人不必把背包护在前胸，时时刻刻戒备。

睡在屋里的人可以酣睡，不担心自己一醒来发现屋子已经被拆，家具像破烂一样被丢在街上。

到杂货店里买婴儿奶粉的妇人不必想奶粉会不会是假的，婴儿吃了会不会死。

买廉价烈酒喝的老头不必担心买到假酒，假酒里的化学品会不会让他瞎眼。

小学生一个人走路上学，不必瞻前顾后提防自己被骗子拐走。

江上打鱼的人张开大网用力抛进水里，不必想江水里有没有重金属，鱼虾会不会在几年内死绝。

到城里闲荡的人，看见穿着制服的人向他走近，不会惊惶失色，以为自己马上要被逮捕。

被逮捕的人看见警察局不会晕倒，知道有律师和法律保护着他的基本权利。

已经坐在牢里的人不必害怕被社会忘记，被历史消音。

到机关去办什么证件的市井小民不必准备受气受辱。

在秋夜寒灯下读书的人，听到巷子里突然人声杂沓，拍门呼叫他的名字，不必觉得大难临头，把所有的稿纸当场烧掉。

去投票的人不必担心政府作票、总统作假。

幸福就是，从政的人不必害怕暗杀，抗议的人不必害怕镇压，富人不必害怕绑票，穷人不必害怕最后一只碗被没收，中产阶级不必害怕流血革命，普罗大众不必害怕领袖说了一句话，明天可能有战争。

②幸福就是，寻常的日子依旧。

水果摊上仍旧有最普通的香蕉。

市场里仍旧有一笼一笼肥胖的活鸡。

花店里仍旧摆出水仙和银柳，水仙仍然香得浓郁，银柳仍然含着毛茸茸的苞。

俗气无比、大红大绿的金橘和牡丹一盆一盆摆满了骑楼，仍旧大红大绿、俗气无比。

银行和邮局仍旧开着，让你寄红包和情书到远方。

药行就在街角，金铺也黄澄澄地亮着。

电车仍旧丁丁响着，火车仍旧按时到站，出租车仍旧在站口排队，红绿灯仍旧红了变绿，消防车仍旧风风火火赶路，垃圾车仍旧挤挤压压驶进最窄的巷子。

河北省2021年上学期丰宁满族自治县朝阳民族学校高一历史第一次月考试题考前须知：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。

2．请将选择题答案填涂在答题卡上，主观题答案填写在答题签对应位置。

第I卷〔选择题〕一、单项选择题〔本大题共60小题，每题1分，合60分。

〕1．历史典故“烽火戏诸侯〞中，诸侯因义务所在，蜂拥而至勤王。

这一典故是以下哪一政治制度的反映A．王位世袭制B．宗法制C．分封制D．郡县制2．我们的祖先创造的文化被后人称为“农耕文化〞，半坡遗址和河姆渡遗址是我国古代农耕文化的典型代表，农耕文化的特点有①普遍使用磨制石器②建筑房屋，过定居生活③饲养家畜④种植农作物⑤有成熟文字A．①②③④B．①②③⑤C．①②③④⑤D．②③④⑤3.?诗经·生民?记载：“夏祖女修吞神珠生大禹；商祖女简狄吞玄鸟卵生契；周祖姜嫄踩巨人脚印生弃。

〞这些传说A．是研究早期社会的可靠史料B．说明王权具有迷信神秘色彩C．说明早期政治制度具有连续性D．有利于促进中华民族文化认同4．?孟子滕文公上?记载：“方里而井，井九百亩，其中为公田。

八家皆私百亩，同养公田。

〞以下与材料记载相关的有A．商周时期的土地制度B．青铜器是主要的生产工具C．农业是主要生产部门D．绢帛是贵族们的主要衣料5．?三字经?中讲到：“夏〔禹〕传子〔启〕，家天下，四百载，迁夏社。

〞这主要反映出在夏朝出现了A．社会等级制度 B．内服外服制度 C．王位世袭制度 D．财产私有制度6．假设甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学回到了商周时代，请判断哪位同学被封为诸侯王的可能性最小A．丙同学带兵攻打商纣王，立下汗马功绩B．乙同学做了商朝末年的平民，才能、人品俱佳C．丁同学成了西周王族成员，整日无所事事D．甲同学成为商朝末年的贵族，带兵抵抗周部落进攻7．商朝各附属国根本保持原有的社会构造，有很大的自主权，商王事实上是内外服联盟的首领。

周朝各诸侯国必须成认周王的权威，并承当各种义务，周王确立了天下共主的地位。

河北省承德市丰宁一中高一2020-2021学年第一学期期末调研（3）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．下表为两汉孝廉家世可考知者128人统计分类表。

据表可知，汉代察举制（）A．削弱了身份制、世袭制B．兼顾了各阶层利益C．体现了公平公正原则D．沿袭了世卿世禄制2．“有了成文法典，他们就可以不再依靠贵族的记忆力。

”此语表明《十二铜表法》A．限制了贵族的司法专横B．体现了一定的奴隶制民主C．反映了奴隶的政治诉求D．由贵族编制并为贵族服务3．毛泽东曾说：“两霸，我们总要争取一霸，不能两面作战。

”周恩来也说：“这一突破使世界上的国家都愿意跟我们来往了……收获就在这里。

”二人讲话围绕的核心问题是A．“一边倒”外交方针B．恢复联合国合法席位C．中美关系改善D．争取加入世贸组织4．“大雪和冰雹的威力来自阴云/雷鸣产生于耀眼的闪电/城邦毁于豪强,而人民/受专制奴役则因愚昧/出海太远就不容易靠岸/这一切应好生想想看。

”这是梭伦创作的诗歌。

下列哪一措施体现了该诗歌理念A．制定陶片放逐法B．发放公民参政津贴C．制定更具实用性的万民法D．按收入划分四个等级5．学者针对其研究收集了以下资料：①北洋舰队的有关文献记载；②明治维新后日本内政外交的档案；③李鸿章所著的《李文忠公全集》。

由此推断，该学者研究的对象是A．鸦片战争B．第二次鸦片战争C．甲午中日战争D．八国联军侵华战争6．1875年法国国民议会通过了法兰西第三共和国宪法，此宪法体现法国政权的特点包括①体现了分权的原则②实行民主共和政体③议会是国家最高立法机关④保留君主制度A．①②④B．②③④C．①②③D．①③④7．中英《南京条约》规定中国开放五口作为通商口岸，其中“福州靠近生产红茶的武夷山；上海地处长江入海口且临近富饶的江浙。

”英国选择这些城市作为通商口岸是为了A．倾销鸦片B．传播宗教C．输出资本D．打开市场8．列宁曾经对异常兴奋的工人群众说：“资产阶级临时政府已经不复存在了！我们一直所说一定要进行的那一次工农革命，实现了！”对文中所说的“那一次工农革命”的结果表述正确的是（）A．完成了资产阶级民主革命任务B．推翻了罗曼诺夫王朝的专制统治C．建立了世界上第一个无产阶级政权D．建立了人类第一个社会主义国家9．下图反映了某次革命的场景。

河北省承德市丰宁县第一中学2021-2022学年高一物理月考试卷含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. 关于惯性，下列说法中正确的是A．同一汽车，速度越快，越难刹车，说明物体速度越大，惯性越大B．物体只有静止或做匀速直线运动时才有惯性C．乒乓球可以快速抽杀，原因之一是因为乒乓球的惯性较小的缘故D．已知月球上的重力加速度是地球上的1/6，故一个物体从地球移到月球惯性减小为1/6参考答案：C2. （单选）如图所示，在水平匀速转动的转盘上，有一个相对转盘静止的物体，它的运动趋势是（）高为H，释放A球，让它们自由落下，测得它们落水声相隔时间Δt(s)，如果球A距水面的高度H减小，则Δt将A．增大B．不变C．减小D．条件不足，无法判断参考答案：A4. 用绳将重球挂在光滑的墙上，设绳子的拉力为T，墙对球的弹力为N，如图所示，如果将绳的长度加长，则A．T、N均减小 B．T、N均增加C．T增加，N减小 D．T减小，N增加参考答案：A5. 用以下方法可以粗略测定木块和木板间的动摩擦因数：将木块放在木板上，木板放在水平面上，将木板的左端固定，而将其右端缓慢地抬高，会发现木块先相对静止在木板上，后来开始相对与木板向下滑，测得当木块刚好开始沿木板滑动时木板和水平面间的夹角θ．如图，下列说法正确的是（）A．木块开始滑动前，其所受的摩擦力先减小后增大B．全过程中木块所受的摩擦力一直在增大C．测得的动摩擦因数为μ=sinθD．测得的动摩擦因数为μ=tanθ参考答案：D解：A、对物体受力分析可知，物体受到重力、支持力和沿斜面向上的摩擦力的作用，在整个过程中，物体受力平衡，所以摩擦力和重力沿斜面向下的分力相等，即f=mgsinθ，所以夹角增大的过程中，木块所受的摩擦力一直在增大，所以A错误．B、当木块在斜面上发生滑动之后，受到的摩擦力为滑动摩擦力，大小为μmgcosθ，可知，夹角越大，受到的滑动摩擦力越小，所以B错误．C、由最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力可知，当夹角为θ时，f=mgsinθ=μmgcosθ，所以动摩擦因数μ=tanθ，所以C错误，D正确．故选：D二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题2分，共计16分6. 右图表示某物体的v-t图象，从图象可知BC段的加速度是m/s2，物体在这14 s内运动的总路程是_ m，位移是m。

河北省承德市丰宁满族自治县高一上学期第一次月考地理试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单项选择题 (共32题；共92分)1. （4分）(2016·江苏模拟) 2015年7月24日美国航天局宣布在天鹅座宜居带发现开普勒452b，这颗行星围绕着与太阳同类型恒星旋转，直径是地球的1.6倍，被称为地球2.0(下图)。

（1）天文学家认为开普勒452b宜居的理由不包括（）A . 光照条件相对稳定B . 物质组成与地球一样C . 与最近的恒星距离适中D . 可能拥有大气层和液态水（2） 7月24日这天，下列有关说法正确的是（）A . 地球公转速度最快B . 江苏昼大于夜，且昼渐长C . 北印度洋海区表层洋流向东流D . 新加坡的正午太阳高度小于悉尼2. （2分） (2013高一上·东至期中) 太阳是太阳系的中心天体，主要是因为（）A . 太阳位于太阳系的中心B . 太阳质量大C . 太阳黑子多的年份，降水量多D . 太阳时时以电磁波形式向四周放射能量3. （2分）下列关于太阳的说法正确的是（）①太阳的能量来自于内部氢气的燃烧②太阳是一个巨大炽热的气体球③太阳与地球的形成和发展关系密切④太阳正处于稳定的旺盛时期A . ①②③B . ②③④C . ①②④D . ①③④4. （6分） (2019高一下·宁波期末) 北京时间201年8月18日、8月26日、9月21日，太阳先后3次出现特大耀斑活动。

据此完成下列小题，（1）下列不包含太阳天体系统是（）A . 银河系B . 总星系C . 太阳系D . 地月系（2）耀斑现象发生在太阳的（）A . 内部B . 光球层C . 色球层D . 日冕层（3）这几次太阳活动造成的影响有（）A . 使到达地球的可见光增强，紫外线有所减少B . 出现电离层的扰动，短波通信受到强烈干扰C . 爆发时极光格外耀眼D . 对人造卫星的运行没有影响5. （4分） (2019高三上·石嘴山开学考) 科学家表示，太阳活动将进入活跃期，届时将会发生最强烈的太阳风暴，可能对地球产生巨大的危害。

河北省承德市丰宁县第一中学2020-2021学年高一物理测试题含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. 加速度a和初速度v0共同决定了物体作什么运动，下面说法不正确的是A．若a与v0方向相同时，物体做加速直线运动B．若a与v0成直角，物体作曲线运动C．若a与v0成直角，且a为恒矢量，物体做抛物线运动D．a越大，v也就越大，a减小，v也就减小，与v0无关参考答案：D2. 某带电粒子仅在电场力作用下由A点运动到B点，电力线、粒子在A点的初速度以及运动轨迹如图所示．由此可以判定（）A．粒子在A点的加速度大于它在B点的加速度B．粒子在A点的动能小于它在B点的动能C．粒子在A点的电势能小于它在B点的电势能D．A点的电势低于B点的电势参考答案：B【考点】电场线；电势差与电场强度的关系．【分析】电场线是从正电荷或者无穷远出发出，到负电荷或无穷远处为止，沿电场线的方向，电势降低，电场线密的地方电场的强度大，电场线疏的地方电场的强度小．【解答】解：A、由电场线可知，B点的电场线密，所以B点的电场强度大，粒子受的电场力大，加速度也就大，即A点的加速度小于它在B点的加速度，所以A错误；B、粒子受到的电场力指向曲线弯曲的内侧，所以受到的电场力的方向是沿电场线向上的，所以粒子从A到B的过程中，电场力做正功，电荷的电势能减小，动能增加，所以粒子在A点的动能小于它在B点的动能，所以B正确，C错误；D、沿电场线的方向，电势降低，所以A点的电势大于B点的电势，所以D错误．故选B．3. （多选）如图所示，在地面上以速度v0抛出质量为m的物体，抛出后物体落到比地面低的海平面上．若以地面为零势能面而且不计空气阻力，则下列说法正确的是()A．物体到海平面时的势能为mghB．重力对物体做功为mghC．物体在海平面上的动能为mgh＋mvD．物体在海平面上的机械能为mv参考答案：BCD4. 有一个惊险的杂技节目叫“飞车走壁”，杂技演员骑摩托车先在如图所示的大型圆筒底部作速度较小半径较小的圆周运动，通过逐步加速，圆周运动半径亦逐步增大，最后能以较大的速度在垂直的壁上作匀速圆周运动，这时使车子和人整体作圆周运动的向心力是( )A．筒壁对车的弹力 B．圆筒壁对车的静摩擦力C．重力和摩擦力的合力 D．摩托车本身的动力参考答案：A5. 物体自楼顶处自由落下(不计空气阻力)，落到地面的速度为v。

2020-2021学年丰宁满族自治县第一中学高三生物一模试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1.下图甲、乙依次为蛋白质、核酸的单体结构示意图。

下列叙述错误的是（）A. ①可为羧基或氨基，R基的种类决定了单体的种类B. 图甲种类、数量及排列顺序影响蛋白质的多样性C. 若④是脱氧核糖，则图乙是HIV核酸的单体D. 若⑤是胞嘧啶，则图乙可代表胞嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷酸2.细胞是绝大多数生物体结构和功能的基本单位。

下列说法错误的是（）A.除病毒外，所有生物体都是由细胞构成的B.细胞的生长过程中都能进行遗传信息的表达C.原核细胞无线粒体和叶绿体，其DNA只位于拟核中D.通过观察沙眼衣原体的细胞结构可断定其是原核生物3.下列关于检测生物组织中的糖类、脂肪和蛋白质实验操作步骤的叙述中，正确的是（）A.用于鉴定还原糖的斐林试剂甲液和乙液，可直接用于蛋白质的鉴定B.若要鉴定花生种子细胞中是否含有脂肪，一定需要用显微镜观察C.鉴定可溶性还原糖时，要加入斐林试剂（甲液和乙液等量混合均匀再加入）D.用双缩脲试剂鉴定蛋白质时，需水浴加热2 min才能看到紫色4.以下关于染色质和染色体关系的叙述中，正确的是（）A.原核细胞有染色质和染色体B.酵母菌没有染色体或染色质C.是同一物质在细胞不同时期的不同形态D.是同一细胞分裂时期的不同物质5.生命的基本元素包括（）A.C、H、O、NB.K、Na、CaC.P和SD.C、H、O、N、P、S6.下列对生物学实验的相关叙述，正确的是（）A. 鉴定蛋白质时，双缩脲试剂应先加A液，再加B液B. 甘蔗是一种糖分含量很高的植物，是还原糖鉴定实验的理想材料C. 观察植物细胞质壁分离和复原时，蔗糖溶液浓度越高实验效果越好D. 在研究镁是植物必需矿质元素时，可用蒸馏水和加镁蒸馏水进行对照培养7.细胞分裂过程中姐妹染色单体的分离与黏连蛋白解聚有关。

2020-2021学年丰宁满族自治县第一中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAs the MOOC craze continues to explode, anyone interested in taking an online course faces a tricky question: Which course to take? Here are five aspects that you should consider before you start.(1)What is your learning style?Many MOOCs are video-based. Other courses use presentation formats. Some also require participation in group work. If you want to stay motivated during your course, think about how you enjoy learning.Are you a visual learner, preferring to use images to understand a topic? If so, a video-based course will work well for you. If you are a verbal learner who gains new information by speaking and writing, try a text-based course with lots of note-taking. Social learners, meanwhile, will thrive in forum discussions and project-based assessment.(2)Are you ready to become a full-time student?Be realistic about the time that you can commit to your online studies. Participating in an online course can take as much time and commitment as a class-based program. Check the course requirements and make a plan around your current schedule.(3) Does the course really meet your needs?Whether you are interested in a professional qualification or want to take a personal development course like yoga, there is a MOOC for you. It's easy to get caught up in the excitement of taking lots of free courses in everything that you ever wanted to learn. Before you start a course, think about the end goal. Is the course aimed at beginners or advanced learners? Why do you need this qualification?(4) Do you need a support group?Some people learn best from seeing how others approach the problem. If you are such as learner, you will need to supplement your online lessons with an in-person support group.(5) What kind of certification will you get?Take time to find out what kind of certification is available upon completion of the course, and how you can prove your learning to others - for example, certificates, transcripts or digital badges.1. What kind of MOOC's does the author recommend to verbal learners?A. A video-based course.B. A text-based course.C. A forum-based discussion.D. A project-based assessment.2. What kind of learners need an in-person support group?A. Learners who prefer individual work.B. Learners who are in great need of a certificate.C. Learners who are too busy to become a full-time student.D. Learners who learn best from observing how others address the problem.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. Picking the right MOOC's for you.B. Deciding your learning style.C. Taking the right course you need.D. Choosing a suitable support group.BI’ve never been the kind of person to say, “it’s the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present thatblew me away.For years now, I’ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children’s growth. Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child’s name and the date they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that’s the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn’t normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see. Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day, while I was at work, my childrendecided to do something about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (舞会礼服).She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (手印), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into abeautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.4. The underlined phrase in Para. I “blew me away” probably means “________”.A. attracted meB. surprised meC. accepted meD. refused me5. What does the house really mean to the author?A. A house.B. Buildings.C. An object.D. Memories.6. What surprised the friends I know after work?A. Finding the wall repainted.B. Erasing the fingerprints.C. Greeting them by tears.D. Leaving the wall unfinished.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Gift Made with LoveB. Buildings Made by ChildrenC. A Very Wonderful PaintingD. A Family HistoryCThere are three of us in the laboratory: Jules, me and Dr. Leonards. Leonards asks me to sit in front of Jules. As I do, he looks me in the eye and starts to move his face through a series of emotions-happy, confused, surprised, glaring. I'm attracted by his display, feeling delight when hegrinsand feeling serious when his eyes narrow angrily. None of this would be a surprise, of course, if Jules were a human. But he's a robot head on a table.The most special thing is that, consciously(有意识地), there's no mistaking Jules for a real person. Although he has surprisingly realistic skin, his eyes don't fit firmly against his lids, and he has a terrible hairpiece. Yet, as I walk into the room, I experience a complex worry of feeling in his direction. It's not at all like entering an empty space. It's a bit awkward for Jules’ shining false hair. Some unconscious part of me is responding to him as if he's real. This matters, because if we're to one day live comfortably along with robots , an understanding of how we instinctively(本能地) react to them is significant. The study of these issues is the frontier of a new scientificresearch; human-robot interaction.Jules was built as part of an attempt to understand the emotions that can be communicated by a human. “All the robots we'vebuilt so far don't have that rich emotions. We wanted to build a robotic face, with small motors that mimic(模仿) all the muscles you have, so we could discover what it could express. "Such research is becoming increasingly important, says Dr. Leonards, partly because our rapidly ageing population will soon need the help of robots with which they can effortlessly interact.8. What does the author think of Jules?A. He ignored him in his place.B. He didn't treat him as only a robot.C. He was afraid of his being there.D. He mistook him for a real person.9. What is the purpose to build such a robot?A. To help humans of old ages.B. To carry out a scientific research.C. To take the place of human labour.D. To make an interaction with human.10. What doesthe underlined word “grins” mean in Paragraph1?A. Smiles.B. Shakes.C. Worries.D. Cries.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. Human And RobotB. Success Of Making A RobotC. Robot Will Replace ManD. Difference Between Man And RobotDEach year, the women of Olney and Liberal compete in an unusual footrace. Dressed in aprons (围裙) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’starting lines. Each woman holds a frying pan with one pancake inside. At the signal, the women flip (轻抛) pancakes and they’re off!This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day beforethe Christian season of Lent (大斋戒) begins. During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent. She lost track of time and suddenly heard the church bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it. In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, and pancake racing was born.The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They must flip their pancakes twice - once before starting and once after crossing the finish line. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and declare a winner.In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a talent show, and contests that feature eating and flipping pancakes. Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold additional races for boys and girls of all ages.12. How did pancake racing start?A. A woman in Olney created it.B. Women made pancakes before Lent.C. A woman dashed to church with a pancake.D. People followed the suit of an interesting incident.13. What should racers obey during the race?A. They can wear fashionable headscarves and aprons.B. They must flip their pancakes once in the race.C. They must flip their pancakes at the beginning of the race.D. They can flip their pancakes in the middle of the race.14. What can we learn about the race from the last paragraph?A. People can show their talent in Olney festival.B. People can enjoy a one-day holiday in Liberal.C. The race is not only intended for women now.D. People can have a big pancake breakfast in both towns.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The origin of pancake racing.B. The history of pancake racing.C. The development of pancake racing.D. The introduction to pancake racing.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年丰宁满族自治县第一中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf your Spanish is good enough, many Spanish gossip magazines being published around the world will provide entertainment and, at the same time, help you practice your language.Diez Minutos: The magazine is a classic Spanish gossip feast with dailynews based on many stories of love, separation, divorce and death. The two main parts are headlined "love" and "partners". They also have an online version of the magazine for serious gossip addicts.Hola: It isSpain's top weekly magazine and the leader of the gossip world. It contains many pictures and a round-up of well-known and less well-known nobles and people in show business. Apart from edited highlights from the present and past issues, there is a report of the week and photo of the week. There is also a French version called OhLa!Revista CUORE: As the third best-selling gossip magazine inSpain, it is mainly aimed at younger teenage readers who look not only for current celebrity gossip, but also for fashion and TV news. It uses a lot of oral terms.Revista SEMANA: It is a Spanish magazine covering the latest news on the famous inSpainandHollywood. It also offers its readers information on fashion, beauty, cooking and travel.Marujeo: It is a blog serving up a daily diet of national gossip news on Spanish and international celebrities and the celebrity world from a particular point of view.Revista CARAS: It is a magazine published in various countries ofLatin America. It is also exported to certain parts of theUnited States, bringing together strange and wonderful news from around the world and the famous Latin community.1.Which magazine is also published in French?A.MarujeoB.Revista SEMANA.C.Revista CARAS.D.Hola.2.How many of the magazines mentioned in the text can be read on the Internet?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.3.What can be learned from the passage?A.Diez Minutos presents its readers weekly picturesB.Revista CUORE can help improve one's spoken Spanish.C.Revista SEMANA is intended for readers in teensD.Revista CARAS mainly reports news fromLatin America.BAccording to the study posted onScienceDirect, gardening just two to three times a week increase the benefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why residents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized any health benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK, with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardeners responding. Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）, frequency of gardening and individual awareness of health and well-being."This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from the survey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden, the greaterthe health benefits," said Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) lead author Dr Lauriane Chalmin-Pui. In fact, gardening every day has the same positive impact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening, our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us. Gardening takes our attention away from ourselves and our stresses, therefore, it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health, however, was not the main motive power to garden, but rather the direct pleasure gardening brought to the participants."Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesn't feel as exhausting and hard as going to the gym, for example, but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy," Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment, so people who like gardening may be easy to be addicted to it. However, this sometimes may become a piece of good news, from the aspect of mental health. "We hope all the millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it. " Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.4. What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A. Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C. Health benefits from frequent gardening.D. Too much gardening always does harm to health.5. What does the underlined word "expend" mean in paragraph 7?A. Consume.B. Make use of.C. Increase.D. Save.6. Why do so many participantslike gardening?A. It isn't exhausting.B. It is good for health.C. It brings pleasure.D. It is like going to the gym.7. What is Chalmin-Pui's attitude to the new gardeners' gardening?A. Carefree.B. SupportiveC. Tolerant.D. Indifferent.CAlaska—The American city Anchorage is recovering from a powerful earthquake Friday that damaged public buildings, homes and roads.The 7.0 earthquake caused buildings to slake. But there have been no reports of deaths, serious injuries or damage. Officials say the quake has not affected transportation of food and her supplies. “The ships are coming in on schedule, the supply lines are at this point working well,” the government told reporters Sunday.The Glenn Highway was probably the road hit hardest by the earthquake. It connects the state's largest city to other parts in the north. Traffic has been heavy and slow—moving since the quake. Drivers are being guided. Groups of workers are trying to rebuild areas where the quake left large holes in the road.People who are still nervous after the major quake have been more upset by more than 1, 700 aftershocks. “Anything that moves, you feel terrified”said David, whose home suffered structural(结构)damage, including a sunken foundation(地基). Actually, Alaska came up with strict building rules after a 9. 2 earthquake in 1964. That was the second most powerful earthquake on record.Government officials said a public health center promises that moneyfor medical treatment will continue to come. Mental healthy service(心理健康服务)is also available for people hurt by the disaster.Earthquake experts say there is a 4 percent chance of another 7. 0 earthquake or greater in the following week. "The chance is very small, but its not impossible, ” said the expert, Paul Caruso.8. What was the result of the earthquake?A. Buildings were damaged.B. Food supply was cut off.C. Many people were killedD. The ships could not come in.9. Why is the traffic slow on the Glenn Highway?A. Because small quakes hit the city.B. Because falling rocks are a danger.C. Because the highway is badly damaged.D. Because drivers are misled.10. What can you learn from Paul Caruso?A. Another greater earthquake is on the way.B. Chances still exists of another earthquake.C. It will be safe in the 1th week after the quake.D. There is no possibility for more quakes.11. Where can your possibly read the passage?A. Ina story book.B. In a travel journal.C. In a poster.D. In a newspaper.DBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep our brains clear out the memories we’ve made while we’re awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep period — or active sleep when we are thought to dream — special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period, while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory — that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Prior to this work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.12. What can we infer from paragraph 1?A. Forgetting is a passive process.B. The forgetting process is known to us.C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D. Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.13. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. REM sleep patterns.B. Past researches.C. MCH neurons.D. A range of functions.14. Why did Kilduff’s team conduct the research?A. To publish the study in the journal Science.B. To know more about Alzheimer’s disease.C. To contribute to human’s forgetting.D. To explore our everyday lives.15. What can we know about MCH?A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns .B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D. MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年丰宁满族自治县第一中学高三生物月考试题及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 1987年，美国科学家将萤火虫的萤光素基因转入烟草植物细胞，获得高水平的表达。

长成的植物通体光亮，堪称自然界的奇迹。

这一研究成果表明：（）①萤火虫与烟草植物的DNA结构基本相同①萤火虫与烟草植物共用一套遗传密码①烟草植物体内合成了萤光素①萤火虫和烟草植物合成蛋白质的方式基本相同A. ①和①B. ①和①C. ①和①D. ①①①①2. 下列有关遗传和变异的叙述，错误的是（）A.O型血夫妇的子代是O型血，说明该性状由基因控制B.正常男性细胞中的染色体最多只有23条可以传给孙女C.基因发生突变后，基因结构一定改变，但生物性状不一定改变D.若要研究水稻（2n=24）的基因组，则应测序12条染色体上的DNA序列．3. 下列有关质壁分离与复原的叙述正确的是（）A. 能否发生质壁分离与复原可作为判断动物细胞是否为活细胞的依据B. 发生质壁分离的细胞，细胞壁和原生质层之间的液体为清水C. 在质壁分离与复原实验中，可将细胞中液泡体积的变化作为观察指标D. 将洋葱根尖分生区细胞放在0.3g/ml的蔗糖溶液中，能观察到明显质壁分离现象4. 下列关于生物体内水分和无机盐的叙述，错误的是A. 干种子内结合水的相对含量较低，不能进行旺盛的生命活动B. 旱生植物比水生植物具有较强的抗旱能力，其原因之一是结合水的相对含量较高C. 镁离子是叶绿素的重要成分，缺镁会造成叶片发黄D. 生理盐水能维持人体血浆渗透压的平衡，可以防止细胞过度吸水而涨破5. 可卡因可引起人体多巴胺作用途径的异常，相关过程如图所示。

回答下列问题：（1）多巴胺是一种神经递质，合成后储存在[ ]____中，当神经末梢有神经冲动传来时，多巴胺以____方式被释放到[ ]_______(内环境成分)中，然后与突触后膜上的[ ]_______结合，引起突触后膜的电位变化产生兴奋，其膜外的电位变化是___________。

2020-2021学年丰宁满族自治县第一中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThough online ordering is popular in the UK today，hands­on experience still attracts many buyers' attention.Oxford StreetLondon is a shoppers' paradise，and most visitors head for Oxford Street.Halfway along is Selfridges，one of the world's first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress you even before you go in.There are at least four other major stores on this street，plus Europe's largest music shop.In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmaslights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.Kensington High StreetA fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street.One of its department stores even has a roof garden—good for relaxing between purchases.There's also an organic food superstore.Borough MarketYou can't visit London without going to a supermarketOne of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialities to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.More places for bargainsPortobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector's items.It's a shortwalk from the underground station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find.For clothes，Camden Market is the place.It gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.Convent Garden Market offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.1.Oxford Street becomes special in December for ________.A.the wonderful window dressingB.the Europe's largest music shopC.the lights lighted by a famous personD.many bargains to choose from2.To enjoy food，you can goto ________.A.Camden MarketB.Borough MarketC.Kensington High StreetD.Portobello Road Market3.Where is this passage probably taken from?AA science book. B.A traveler's journal.C.A news report.D.A trip guide.BPlease take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(认可) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes againstthe traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(许诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.4. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Completion of the goal.B. Necessary hard work.C. People's acknowledgement.D. A sense of satisfaction.5. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.B. Achieving personal goal needs more time.C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.6. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?A. By giving figures.B. By giving examples.C. By making a survey.D. By making comparison tests.7. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?A. You will be more confident.B. You will not gain satisfaction.C. You are less likely to realize it.D. You’ll be much moremotivated.C“Snowplow(扫雪机) parenting” is the newest parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, calling their college kids to wake them up so that they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.“‘Helicopter (直升机) parenting’ means monitoring their kids’ every activity,which is out of date.” Claire Cain Miller and Jonah Engel Bromwich wrote in The New York Times. “Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: clearing any problems in their children’s path to success so that they don’t have to meet failure or lose opportunities.”There is a mother who started a charity in her son’s name to try to raise his chances of being accepted to the college. Another parents spent years helping their daughter avoid foods with sauce, which she didn’t like. Once she got to college, she had problems with the food in her school because it was all covered in sauce.A survey says that three-quarters of parents of children between the ages of 18 and 28 ask for doctor visits or haircuts for their children, and 11% say they would call their kids’ bosses whether their children are having an issue at work.As reported, wealthy parents try to get their children into top colleges by giving a large amount of money to a school, such as paying for a building. This parenting has become the most popular way to raise children, whatever the income, education, or race is.Julie, a teacher at Stanford, told the Times that “snowplow parenting” is not a reasonable approach. “The parents should prepare the kid for the road, instead of preparing the road for the kid,” she said.8. How does Julie like “snowplow parenting”?A. It is unreasonable.B. It is advanced.C. It is accepted by teachers.D. It is refused by rich people.9. What is the character of “helicopter parenting”?A. Parents make kids popular.B. Parents provide little money for kids.C. Parents ask kids to care for themselves.D. Parents watch over kids’ every activity.10. What should parents do according to Julie?A. Do as wealthy parents do.B. Make kids be prepared.C. Make roads be prepared.D. Do as little as possible.11. What’s the best title for the text?A. Helicopter Parenting.B. The Similarity in Parenting.C. A Research on Parenting.D. A New Kind of Parenting.DMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

物理试卷一、选择题(本题共15小题，每小题4分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1～10题只有一项符合题目要求，第11～15题有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分，本题计60分)1．观察下列四幅图，对图中各运动物体的描述正确的是( )A．图①中研究投出的篮球运动路径时不能将篮球看成质点B．图②中观众欣赏体操表演时不能将运动员看成质点C．图③中研究地球绕太阳公转时不能将地球看成质点D．图④中研究子弹头射穿苹果的时间时可将子弹看成质点2．我们描述某个物体的运动时，总是相对一定的参考系。

下列说法中正确的是( )A．参考系必须选取地面或相对与地面不动的其他物体B．我们说“日落西山”，是以太阳为参考系的C．我们说“地球围绕太阳转”，是以地球为参考系的D．坐在火车上的乘客看到铁路旁的树木迎面向他飞奔而来，乘客是以自己为参考系的3．如图所示在某段公路上，分别有图示的甲、乙两块告示牌，告示牌上面数字的意思是( )A．甲是指位移，乙是平均速度B．甲是指路程，乙是平均速度C．甲是指路程，乙是瞬时速度D．甲是指位移，乙是瞬时速度4．皮球从3m高处落下, 被地板弹回, 在距地面1m高处速度为0, 则皮球在这个过程中通过的位移的大小和路程分别是：( )A．4m，2m B．3m、3m C．2m、 4m D．1m、3m5．我国高铁技术在世界上已经处于领先水平，某同学假期乘坐G856次高铁列车从武汉去西安北，听到列车广播中播报：“本次列车将于9点22分准时发车，预计14点20分到达西安北站，全程1090公里．”关于列车广播中播报的内容，以下理解正确的是（）A．“9点22分”指的是时间B．“14点20分”指的是时间C．“1090公里”指的是列车的位移，其方向由武汉指向西安北D．该趟列车全程平均速率将超过60m/s6．下列物理量中属于矢量的是( )A．位移、时间、速度、弹力B．速度、速度变化、加速度、合力C．加速度、速率、速度、平均速度 D．路程、时间、位移、平均速度7．如图所示是三个质点A、B、C的运动轨迹，三个质点同时从N点出发，又同时到达M点，下列说法正确的是( )A．从N到M的过程中，质点A的平均速率最大B．三质点从N到M的平均速率相同C．三质点从N到M的平均速度不相同D．到达M点时质点A的瞬时速率最大8．一个物体做匀速直线运动从甲地到乙地，该物体在乙地停留了一段时间后，又从乙地做匀速直线运动返回到甲地。

河北省承德市丰宁县第一中学高一化学月考试题含解析一、单选题（本大题共15个小题，每小题4分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，共60分。

）1. 下列关于碱金属某些性质的排列中，正确的是 ()A．原子半径：Li＜Na＜K＜Rb＜Cs B．密度：Li＜Na＜K＜Rb＜CsC．熔点、沸点：Li＜Na＜K＜Rb＜Cs D．还原性：Li＞Na＞K＞Rb＞Cs参考答案：A略2. 下面是四位同学学完《认识原子核》这节内容后，对这节内容的认识，不正确的是（）参考答案：略3. 放射性同位素铀U的原子核内的中子数是（）A．143 B．92 C．51 D．235参考答案：A考点：核素．.专题：原子组成与结构专题．分析：原子符号A Z X，左上角A为质量数，左下角Z为质子数，X代表元素符号，并且质量数=质子数+中子数．据此解答．解答：解：U 的质子数为92，质量数为235，所以中子数为235﹣92=143．故选A．点评：本题考查学生对原子符号A Z X理解，难度较小，关键明白原子符号的意义以及质量数=质子数+中子数．4. 将3 mol CO和2.5 mol H2O的混合气体充入容积为2L的密闭容器内，发生反应：CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g), 5 min后生成0.75mol·L-1的CO2。

下列说法正确的是( )A. CO的平均消耗速率为0.3 mol·L-1·min-1B. 5 min后，气体的总物质的量浓度为2mol·L-1C. 若单位时间内生成H2和H2O的物质的量之比为1：1，则体系处于平衡状态D. 平衡后，增大压强，平衡将向正反应方向移动参考答案：C5. 向绝热恒容密闭容器中通入和，一定条件下使反应SO2(g)+NO2(g)SO3(g)+NO(g)达到平衡，正反应速率随时间变化的示意图如图所示由图得出的结论不正确的是A. 反应过程中压强始终不变B. 反应物浓度：a点大于b点C. 反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量D. 时，的转化率：段小于段参考答案：A【详解】A.根据图像可知，该反应为气体体积不变的反应，该容器为绝热容器，温度升高，压强增大，故A错误；B.随着反应的进行，反应物浓度逐渐减小，所以a点反应物浓度大于b点的，故B正确；C. 反应初始阶段，随着反应的进行，反应速率逐渐加快，说明该反应为放热反应，即反应物的总能量大于生成物的总能量，故C正确；D. 两段的时间相同，而后段反应速率大，消耗的二氧化硫多，所以b～c段的转化率大于a～b段，故D正确；故选A。

化学试题考试时间：100分钟注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。

2．请将选择题★答案★填涂在答题卡上，主观题★答案★填写在答题签对应位置。

第I卷（选择题50分）H:1 O:16 C:12 N:14 S:32 Fe:56 Cl:35.5 Mg:24一、单选题(每小题2分)1．下列物质中，属于酸性氧化物的是( )A．CO B．SO2C．MgO D．KOH2．根据物质的组成和分类，MgCl2属于( )A．氧化物B．酸C．碱D．盐3．气体的体积主要由以下哪些因素决定( )①气体分子的直径②气体物质的量的多少③气体分子间的平均距离④气体分子的相对分子质量A. ①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ②④4.下列说法中正确的是 ( )A．1 mol SO2的质量为64 g·mol-1B．Mg2+的摩尔质量是24 gC．CO的摩尔质量是28 g·mol-1D．氮的摩尔质量是28 g·mol-15．下列说法错误的是( )A．1mol 氢B．1molO C．1mol CO2D．1mol H26．下列物质的物质的量最大的是( )A．1 g H2B．11 g CO2C．8 g O2D．4.5 g H2O7．下列说法中正确的是（）A．摩尔是物质质量的单位，用“mol”表示B．标准状况下，物质的摩尔体积约为22.4mol/LC．阿伏伽德罗常数的真实值为6.02×1023D．物质的摩尔质量常用单位是“g/mol8．下列物质含氧原子数最多的是( )A．4.9gH2SO4B．11gCO2C．4gO2D．4.5gH2O9．下列说法正确的( )A．氧化还原反应的本质是元素化合价的升降B．氧化还原反应一定有氧元素参加C．有单质参与的反应一定是氧化还原反应D ．发生氧化反应的物质也可能同时发生还原反应 10．下列说法正确的是 ( ) A ．1 mol 氯含有6.02×1023个微粒B ．14 g 氮气含有的氮原子数约等于6.02×1023C ．钠的摩尔质量等于它的相对原子质量D ．H 2O 的摩尔质量是18 g11．同温同压下，用等质量的CH 4、CO 2、O 2、SO 2四种气体分别吹出四个气球，其中气体为CH 4的是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．12．下列各组物质中，第一种是酸，第二种是混合物，第三种是碱的是( ) A ．硫酸、42FeSO 7H O 、苛性钠 B ．硫酸、空气、纯碱 C ．氧化铁、胆矾、熟石灰D ．硝酸、食盐水、烧碱13．日常生活中的许多现象与化学反应有关，下列现象与氧化还原反应无关的是( )14．反应Cl 2+2KI=2KCl+I 2中，氧化剂是（） A ．Cl 2B ．KIC ．KClD ．I 215．下列反应中，不属于氧化还原反应的是 ()A ．2KClO 32KCl ＋3O 2↑B ．3CO ＋Fe 2O 32Fe ＋3CO 2C ．CaCO 3＋SiO 2CaSiO 3＋CO 2↑D ．Zn ＋H 2SO 4===ZnSO 4＋H 2↑16．以电解饱和食盐水为基础制取Cl 2(2NaCl+2H 2O2NaOH+H 2↑+Cl 2↑)等产品的工业称为氯碱工业。

英语试卷选择题局部第一局部听力(共两节，总分值30分)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. On what day can the woman have the film?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.2. What does the man mean?A. Joe will be earlier than them.B. They will be earlier than Joe.C. They will save a place for Joe.3. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Nancy always forgets to turn off the light.B. Nancy likes sleeping late.C. Nancy always sleeps with the light on.4. How much does the large bag cost now?A. $5.B. $14 .C. $15.5. How does Jane feel now?A. Fine.B. Confused.C. Sick.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话读两遍。

听下面一段对话，答复第 6 至第8 三个小题。

6. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a party.B. In the street.C. In a restaurant.7. What is the weather like now?A. Cloudy.B. Rainy.C. Windy.8. Why does the woman end their talk?A. To watch a game.B. To say goodbye to a friend.C. To say hello to a friend.听下面一段对话，答复第9 至第11 三个小题。