(word完整版)2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解(2)

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主，概要，基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括。

（一）高分要诀1•概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落人思o2•各要点的表达既要相对独立，又要有适当的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

3•所用句型力求简单，安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

4 •不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

此外，在写作时，要尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。

例如，尽量少用关系代词whrh,who 等引导的定语从句，而采用动词-hg 形式和过去分词做定语。

5•多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇：（二）高分三注意期J除细节提炼*刪除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可）4免重复I整台同义转换:近义词、同义词等替换.句子璽构:调整词类、时态、语态等逻辑:街接（照应、替代、谷路、连接和词汇衔谖）G）成篇三步骤1•阅读（1）认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。

⑵画出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要;对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。

(3)简要地记下主要观点一一主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。

2•写作(1)尽量用自己的话完成，不要直接引用原文的句子。

⑵应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序，这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。

三演讲稿/致辞1.技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤演讲稿是演讲者在一定的场合，面对特定的对象，为了达到某种目的而采取的表达自己观点的文字，是高考中较为常见的应用文。

无论谁发表演说，发言人都是为了达到某一特定的目的，所以根据致辞的目的，发言稿可分为宣讲类和欢迎/送类。

其共同的特点在于要突出主题，易于被听众接受。

此类写作在结构安排上可分为如下三个部分：第一部分：称谓(对听众或与会者的称呼)。

如：Comrades, Friends, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear fellow students, Boys and girls, Good afternoon, everyone ...第二部分：正文或导言。

正文部分明确介绍欢迎或欢送的对象，简单介绍其身份、经历以及客人在逗留期间进行了哪些活动等。

第三部分：结束语。

如：That's all.Thank you. Thank you foryour listening/attention.等。

(2)写作注意事项①文章结构：演讲稿第一段侧重介绍事情的发生、发展和结局。

第二段应紧扣主题表示欢迎、欢送、号召、建议及个人看法等。

②语言直白简洁。

演讲稿是直接面向听众的，所以我们在语言的选择上要简短，尽可能多使用简单句，听众一听就能听懂，当然，一些经典的长句我们也可以用在文中。

③观点鲜明，感情真挚。

演讲稿观点鲜明，显示着说话者对一种理性认识的肯定，也显示着说话者对客观事物见解的透彻程度，能给人以可信性和可靠感，感情真挚才能打动人，引起听众的共鸣。

(3)句式积累①欢迎致辞常用语We are glad to have a chance to get together with ...We feel greatly honoured to have a chance to be with ...Let's give our warm welcome to ...Thank you for your accepting our invitation to come to ...First of all, allow me on behalf of ... to ...Now let us ask sb. to speak to us.②欢送致辞常用语In bidding farewell to sb. ...To convey our profound friendship to sb. ...To convey our best regards and respects to sb. ...To wish sb. a pleasant journey home and good health ...May the friendship between ... be further developed!2．经典范文[2016·天津高考]假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。

二说明文1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤事物说明类文章写作一般包括三部分内容：一是提出要说明的事物或事件，接下来按照不同的顺序和设计加以说明，注意图片或文字的提示至关重要；最后要以最简洁的语句加以总结：或表达自己的观点和看法，或总结描述事物的特征，或推荐描述产品和事物等。

(2)写作注意事项该类文章语言要准确，词句要恰当，并尽可能多地使用结构稍复杂的句式来表达丰富的信息。

同时要确保行文连贯，衔接或过渡自然，借以将有效信息传达给读者。

(3)句式积累①描述现象常用表达Nowadays, there are more and more ...As is well known to us, it is important for the students to ...At present, ... is becoming more and more popular among us.②分析原因常用表达There are three reasons for this ...The reasons for this are as follows ...The reason for this is obvious ...The reason for this is that ...The reason why ... is that ...③表明自己观点常用表达in my view / opinion, ...As for me, ...As far as I am concerned, ...I agree with ...We are in favour of the idea ...As middle school students, we should ...2．经典范文[2014·浙江高考]学校图书馆需要购置一批新书，现向学生征求意见。

假如你是李越，你认为学校图书馆最需要购置科普类图书(popular science books)和文学类图书(literary books)。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。

(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。

2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。

3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。

4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语which,who等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。

5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

承接过渡让步过渡列举过渡目的过渡first of allfirst as soon as second with the aim althoughas a matter of thirdit is true...that offactin the first place even though for the sake so to speak initially of course of however to start with certainly with a view as it were furthermore admittedly today after day in addition indeed for the year in and year moreover true purpose of outs more 'what finally理由时间总结举例sinceaccording to by virtue of as an all in allbefore illustration so to summarize since for instance given in summary as one example as a result of in conclusion untilfor example because (of) as ameanwhile due to just as consequence at the moment in particular in view of lastlywhen on account of such as by and large whenever namely owing to finally as soon as to illustrate the reason why consequently just as in other words a case in point to sum up lead totake...for hencefor this reason表示时间表示强调比较总括过渡词at times as a rule similarly after above all as far as I am similar to afterwards after all concerned the same as in factfrom then on as for me accordingly immediately particularly economically both...aslaterthat is speaking at the same time anyway meanwhile generally in the same chiefly next speakingmannernow even worse in my opinion in a similar way until more often in my view in commonthan thatwhile in some then总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较respectsobviouslymostin common on a large scaleequally important of on a personalimportant levelallfor one needless to practicallything...for sayspeakinganother simplistically no doubtlikewise to be surespeakingto take the ideafurther)(二高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。

1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。

建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构。

信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由等。

建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。

具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstl y, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为：第一段：陈述事由，表明写作意图。

第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后指出需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。

第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。

要注意有礼貌，使对方容易接受。

(2)写作注意事项建议信要写出写信的原因、建议的内容及提出建议的理由。

提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。

建议的角度要多样化，避免重复。

可从政治、经济、文化、伦理、法律以及个人等多角度给出建议；基本时态多用一般现在时和一般将来时。

(3)句式积累①段首常用语I am writing to express my views concerning ...You have asked for my advice about ... and I will try to make some suggestions.②表达建议常用语I think the most suitable ... for you is ...I would like to suggest that ...You'd better ... /It's better to ...As far as I am concerned ... /In my opinion ...For one thing ...; for another ...If I were you, I would ...It seems to me that you could ...③段尾常用语I think it would be more beneficial if you could ...I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.I hope you will find these proposals/ suggestions/recommendations practical/ useful/ helpful.I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.2．经典范文你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。

1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤谚语/警句类书面表达给出的题目一般是一句谚语或名人名言。

这就要求考生针对该谚语或名言阐述自己的理解，并举例论证。

此类文章也应分三段开展：第一段引出格言或谚语，阐述自己的理解；第二段表达观点并且进行例证；最后一段点题收尾，呼应开头，总结从中获得的教益。

(2)写作注意事项为了能更好、更准确地阐释自己对所给名言的理解，抒发自己的感想，考生在行文时应注意以下几点：①这类题型是论说文形式，要求学生通过举例论证来阐述对论题的体会和理解。

在对题目、话题或一则材料进行审题之后，可以直接阐述自己的理解，也可以用发问的方式，从正反或原因及结果方面进一步挖掘含义，使得对谚语/警句的理解表述得透彻而到位。

即第一段解决“为什么”或“什么是”的问题，确立论点。

②第二段给出具体的例子来论证观点，解决“如何”(或“怎样”)的问题，从事实和理论两个方面选择论据，视具体情况灵活掌握。

③概括总结，提炼论点。

与首段的论点相呼应，在举例论证的基础上，升华并深化主题，再次论述其意义和价值。

(3)句式积累①It's well known to us that the proverb: ...②The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows: ...③A case in point is ...④ ..., which means ...⑤It goes without saying that the proverb is of great significance.2．经典范文[2016·浙江高考]“Planning is good, but doing is better”是一句英语名言。

请以此为题用英语写一篇100～120词的短文。

要求如下：1.简述你对这句名言的理解；2.用一个具体事例加以说明；3.给出恰当的结尾。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿Step 5. 润色成文1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ）②） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

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2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力(二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义:It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下,用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点.(三）写作方法确定体裁，明确主题明确文章结构 （总—分，总-分-总,分-总,并列) 划主题句与关键信息 写纲要，打草稿 润色成文1)按体裁2)①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语(例 improve=promote， of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如,定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换;省略；增加）:表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover， furthermore， in addition,转折关系 but, instead， however， on the other hand省略:并列观点有时可省略连接词；记叙文可省略衔接词。

高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

二、专题详解1.专题分析①原文材料350词以内，概要写作不少于60词。

①原文基本以说明文、议论文为主。

①概要，基本上就是段落大意。

每段一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括就行。

①要着重训练自己文章主旨大意和各段段落大意的归纳概括能力。

2.注意事项①找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落大意。

①各要点的表达要相对独立。

①各要点之间要有适当的衔接。

①句型力求简单，每句话要表意明白，无空泛、笼统、含混之词。

①尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。

例如，尽量少用关系代词which，who等引导的定语从句，而采用­ing形式和­ed形式作定语。

①多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。

3.模板及句型①表示文章的内容以及研究目的1)This paper is aimed at/covers/mainly deals with...2)The article focuses on the topic of...①表示研究的结论1)The result showed that...2)The author found that...3)It was concluded that...①表示推荐、观点或建议1)The author suggests/considers that...2)Suggestions are made for...4.评分原则①本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。

①评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。

①词数少于40和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。

①评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3)上下文的连贯性；(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。

1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤图表分类：①数字表、函数关系图、曲线图(graph)；②表格(table)；③几何图形(figure)；④图形表、饼状图(pie chart)；⑤条状图、柱状图(bar chart)；⑥平面图、示意图、外形图(diagram)。

图表说明文一般可分三个层次来写：①按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。

②对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。

③可写读图表后的想法、结论、评论或针对反映出的问题采取的解决措施。

这类文章中一般现在时是比较常用的时态。

另外，写作时要处理好重点与次重点的关系，而不能没有主题。

在具体的布局谋篇中，图表作文可以采用三段式结构：第一段：开门见山，点明图表要反映的主题。

经常使用的词汇有：table, chart, figure, describe, tell, show, represent等，经常用到的句型有：As is shown in the graph/table ... /It can be seen from the table that ... /It can be concluded from the graph that ... /Compared with ... /According to the survey, about ...第二段：中间段落对图表的内容进行分析，可采用分类或对比来表现主题，并阐明必要的理由。

在叙述中切忌反复出现图表中的数据，因为这样会使你的文章显得毫无生气。

要注意改换叙述的句式，注意使用不同的词语及句式。

在描述图表中的变化与发展趋势时常用的短语和句型有：快速上升：rise/increase/go up sharply/rapidly/quickly/dramatically缓慢下降：decrease/reduce/come down/decline/drop/fallslowly/gradually描述数据的时候可以用到下面这些表达或词汇：转折：while, but, on the contrary, however比较：compared with/to, more than, less than对比：in contrast to, different from, difference between类似：similar to, as/the same ... as第三段：结尾对全文进行小结，经常使用的词语及句式有：in a word, in short, generally speaking, It's clear from the ... that ..., Based on the description above, we can safely draw the conclusion that ...(2)写作注意事项①考生应仔细研究题目及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。

高考英语备考—概要写作的解题技巧概要写作是新高考启用的新题型，给出一篇300字左右的文章(体裁多为说明文、记叙文，练习时偶见其它文体)，要求缩写成一篇不超过60字的小短文，缩写的内容覆盖原文的要点。

概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。

它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程。

概要写作评分标准及解读（1）总结1.简洁性：即用尽量少的语言对较长原文的简洁重述；2.自主性：即用自己的话语进行概写，避免对原文进行抄袭照搬；3.理解性：即表现作者对原文本的精准理解。

需要注意的是，考生不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe”, “I think”等字句；4.忠实性：即概写内容和中心思想必须忠于原文主旨，不可偏离主题、肆意篡改；5.连贯性：概要写作并非简单罗列要点，各个要点之间要有恰当衔接，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。

写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。

（2）评分原则1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。

2. 评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3. 词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。

4. 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1) 对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2) 应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3) 上下文的连贯性；(4) 对各要点表达的独立性情况。

5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。

6. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。

（3）高考真题与样卷特点三、四步突破法第1步：读懂原文，明确篇章结构写概要之前，一定要先通读原文，确定文章的体裁和主题。

在正确把握文章主旨和段落大意后，明确原文的篇章结构。

根据意义划分文中的自然段，意义段的数量对应的就是要点的数量。

常考应用文一书信/电子邮件1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤邀请信是写信人对收信人的一种盛情邀约，一般分为正式和非正式两种。

正式邀请信属于事务信函，一般为邀请参加会议、学术活动等。

另一种属于个人信函，例如邀请某人观看展览、出席典礼、共进晚餐等。

①正式邀请信的写作步骤这类信函一般以会议或活动组委会名义来写，被邀请者通常为比较有威望的人士。

因此，措辞要正式，语气要热情有礼。

第一段：表明邀请对方参加的意图。

第二段：介绍活动的名称、时间、地点；表达对被邀请人水平和能力的推崇和赞赏，以及能为活动带来的良好影响；说明会议相关事宜，引起对方的兴趣。

第三段：表达希望对方能够参加的诚意，并请收信人对邀请作出反馈。

②普通邀请信的写作步骤这类信函的邀请对象一般是朋友、熟人，所以内容和格式都比较随意、轻松。

第一段：表明邀请意图。

第二段：说明活动的内容、时间、地点等。

在信中应强调非常希望对方能够参加或者出席的愿望。

第三段：期待回复。

(2)写作注意事项①分类、特点邀请信是人们日常生活、社会活动和外事活动中常用的应用文体，它分为正式和非正式两种。

正式邀请信的格式(包括信头、信内地址、客套语等)要齐全，正文内容应用书面语。

非正式邀请信通常只有日期，没有信内地址，语句也很随意，多为口头表达。

②主要内容邀请信的内容主要包括邀请原因、活动地点和时间等，其特点是简单、热情、给人一种真诚、亲切的感觉。

非正式邀请信一般是用来邀请亲戚、朋友等关系较为亲密的人出席某种社交活动，其格式与普通信件差不多。

③注意事项邀请信应使用第一人称，双方的名字都要写全名；内容包括邀请的原因、约定的地点和时间等，而且必须写清楚，切忌含糊不清；如果要求被邀请人给出答复，可在信的左下角或下面正中处写上R.S.V.P(意为“请回复”)；如果有特殊要求，也应当在信中注明。

(3)句式积累①段首常用语I am writing to invite you to ...I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in ...I wonder if you can come ...How would you like to join us in ...?②段尾常用语Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to ...?My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come.We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.2．经典范文(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。

1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。

建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构。

信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由等。

建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。

具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为：第一段：陈述事由，表明写作意图。

第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后指出需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。

第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。

要注意有礼貌，使对方容易接受。

(2)写作注意事项建议信要写出写信的原因、建议的内容及提出建议的理由。

提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。

建议的角度要多样化，避免重复。

可从政治、经济、文化、伦理、法律以及个人等多角度给出建议；基本时态多用一般现在时和一般将来时。

(3)句式积累①段首常用语I am writing to express my views concerning ...You have asked for my advice about ... and I will try to make some suggestions.②表达建议常用语I think the most suitable ... for you is ...I would like to suggest that ...You'd better ... /It's better to ...As far as I am concerned ... /In my opinion ...For one thing ...; for another ...If I were you, I would ...It seems to me that you could ...③段尾常用语I think it would be more beneficial if you could ...I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.I hope you will find these proposals/ suggestions/ recommendations practical/ useful/ helpful.I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my suggestions.2．经典范文你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。

高考英语概要技巧高考英语概要技巧（精选篇1）近来英语作文主要是议论文为主，其中又以书信体形式为主。

近几年全国卷英语作文均为书信体就可看出。

而书信体主要包括邀请函、自荐信、感谢信、道歉信等。

建议学生们对症入药，学好这类书信体的格式。

例如20XX年的全国卷2中的书面表达;假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the DoubleNinth Festival)。

请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1、出发及返回时间;2、活动：包饺子、表演节目等。

注意：1、词数100左右;2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3、结语已为你写好。

1，先明确题目让我们写的是什么类型的书信体，例题中的显然是邀请函，是邀请外教及同学去陪老人过重阳节。

2，写作文中记得突出作文内容核心，这在题目中会显示，如以上的1、出发及返回时间;2、活动：包饺子、表演节目等并且可以适当展开，当无论如何以上内容一定要加入作文中，否则就是离题。

以上仅仅是写英语*最基础的要求，要想在25满分的作文中的到17+的分数还是有高级句型和重要短语的使用的。

一些英语上稍有欠缺的学生不要因为看到高级两字就望而却步。

有些高级句式是可以背诵的，只要够勤奋背熟练了，再巧妙运用到作文中就可。

以下便是巧用句式的例子一般适合学生的通用句式有例如，句子开头：there is no doubt that;there is an undenying fact that;it can be said without exaggeration that……(可加The double ninth festival is one of the traditional festival in China)，句子连接处：what is more,in addition,in the other hand……句子结尾：last but not least ,in a word,in short省略号，当然如果能用倒装句，not only but also等句型也是极好的，前提是你不会写错。

常考实用文一记叙文1.技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤记叙文是最常见、最基本的写作文体，它以真实的社会生活、自然景物为材料，以记人、叙事、状物、写景为主要内容，以叙述、描写或对话为主要表达方式，通过形象表达思想的一种文体。

行文时应遵循下列步骤：①交代活动的时间、地点、人物；②表明事情开端；③叙述事情的发展/活动内容一；事情进一步发展/活动内容二；事情发展的高潮/活动内容三；④事情的结束；⑤表明个人的看法或感受；⑥总结全文，再次抒发自己的感情。

(2)写作注意事项①主题要鲜明。

首先要认真审题，对题目所给信息，不论是短文还是表格，不论是文字还是图画，都务必仔细分析、反复推敲，确定选择典型事例、反映主题。

②内容要完整。

一般说来，记叙文包含六大要素：when (时间)，where (地点)，who (人物)，what (事件), why (原因), how (结果)。

文章要有始有终，确保内容的完整性。

③情节要合理。

按照事情发展的先后顺序，使用恰当的过渡词，使文章连贯、自然、详略得当。

④用词要恰当。

描写事件时，切忌词不达意，影响理解。

要牢记常用动词词组和经典句型。

⑤记叙事例中的时态通常用一般过去时。

(3)句式积累I was about to do ... when ...Tired as we were, we still felt quite happy.It was snowing/raining heavily on Monday morning.Last night I was busy preparing for my test when I heard a loud noise.It is reported that Sanlu milk powder has caused kidney stones in babies.Thanks for your concern.On my way home, I came across an old friend.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.This is really an unforgettable experience.I learn from the experience that honesty always comes first.2．经典范文[2017·北京高考]假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤解决问题型试题通过提示性文字或图表提出(或反映)社会生活中存在的一个现实问题，通常会要求考生提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性；然后在第二段对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己对待这一问题的态度、做法等。

具体段落安排如下：第一段：引出现象，并指出这种现象的后果；第二段：提出解决的办法；第三段：总结这样做的好处。

(2)写作注意事项这种试题，因为所有的段落都以某个问题为核心展开，以提出问题—分析问题—解决问题为主线，所以我们称之为解决问题型试题。

这类作文包括图表式作文和提纲式作文，所以，引用数据要有典型性，解释原因要注意连贯性，解决问题要突出可行性。

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)。

(3)句式积累①提出问题，引出现象Recently the rise in problem of/phenomenon of ... hascaused/aroused/captured public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.Recently the issue of/the problem of/the phenomenon of ... has been brought into focus/has been brought into public attention.Nowadays, there is a growing concern about theproblem/phenomenon that ...Nowadays, an increasing number of people come to realize/be aware of the importance of ...Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem of ...②提出解决办法We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ________ (解决方法一). For another, ________ (解决方法二). Finally, ________ (解决方法三)．It is essential that proper action/effective measures should be taken to reverse this situation/stop the ...Only in this way can we ...It is hoped/suggested that considerable/great efforts should be made to ...There is no easy/immediate solution/approach to the issue of ... but ... might be beneficial/helpful.2．经典范文[2014·北京高考]假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。

(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。

2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。

3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。

4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

此外,在写作时,要尽量使用短句,慎用长难句。

例如,尽量少用关系代词which,who 等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。

5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇:列举过渡目的过渡让步过渡承接过渡first of allfirstsecondthirdin the first place initiallyto start with furthermorein addition moreover what’s more finally with the aimoffor the sakeofwith a viewtofor thepurpose ofalthoughit is true...thateven thoughof coursecertainlyadmittedlyindeedtrueas soon asas a matter offactso to speakhoweveras it wereday after dayyear in and yearout举例理由时间总结as an illustration for instance one example for example just asin particular such as namelyto illustratea case in point take...for sinceby virtue ofsogivenas a result ofbecause (of)due toin view ofon account ofowing tothe reason whyin other wordslead tofor this reasonbeforesinceasuntilmeanwhileat the momentwhenwheneveras soon asjust asaccording toall in allto summarizein summaryin conclusionas aconsequencelastlyby and largefinallyconsequentlyto sum uphence总括过渡词 表示时间 表示强调 比较as a rule as far as I am concerned as for me economically speaking generally speakingin my opinion in my view in someat times afterafterwards from then on immediately latermeanwhile next now until while thenabove all after all in factparticularly that is anyway chiefly even worse more often than thatsimilarly similar to the same as accordingly both...asat the same time in the same mannerin a similar wayin common总括过渡词 表示时间 表示强调 比较respects obviouslyon a large scale on a personal levelpractically speaking simplistically speakingto take the idea furthermostimportant of allneedless to sayno doubt to be sure in common equally important for one thing...for another likewise(二)高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤 1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。