Swisslog 气动系统介绍精讲

气动系统的工作原理
气动系统是一种利用气体流动原理来实现动力传递和控制的系统。

它由气源、执行器、控制元件和管路组成。

气源通常为压缩空气，可以通过空气压缩机将大气中的空气压缩后供给气动系统。

执行器是气动系统中的作动元件，根据控制信号产生相应的动作。

常见的气动执行器有气缸和旋转执行器。

气缸通过压缩空气作用于活塞上来实现直线运动，而旋转执行器通过压缩空气使转子旋转来实现角度变化。

控制元件用于对气源和执行器之间的气流进行控制。

常见的控制元件有气控阀和方向控制阀。

气控阀是气动系统中的主要控制元件，它能根据控制信号调节气流的流量和压力，从而控制执行器的运动。

方向控制阀用来改变气体的流动方向，实现气缸的前后、左右运动。

管路是气动系统中传递气流的通道，它连接气源、控制元件和执行器，将气源产生的气压传递给执行器，从而实现动力传递和控制。

气动系统的工作原理基于气体流动的基本原理。

当气源产生气压时，气体沿着管路流动，进入执行器，对执行器施加压力，从而使其产生相应的运动。

控制元件通过对气体流动进行调节，控制执行器的运动。

当控制信号改变时，控制元件相应地改变气体流动路径，从而实现不同的控制动作。

总的来说，气动系统通过利用气体流动原理，将气源产生的气
压传递给执行器，并通过控制元件对气流进行控制，实现相应的动作和控制功能。

这种工作原理使气动系统具有快速、灵活、稳定等特点，广泛应用于各种工业自动化和机械控制领域。

威格士电磁阀的工作原理和选型条件电磁阀工作原理威格士电磁阀的工作原理和选型条件下面以气动系统为例子说明电磁阀在工业掌控中的应用.所谓气动系统,就是以气体为介质的掌控系统.气动系统中,这种能源的介质通常就是空气.在真正使用的时候,通常把大气中的空气的体积加以压缩,从而提高它的压力.压缩空气紧要通过作用于活塞或叶片来作功. 气动系统中,电磁阀的作用就是在掌控系统中依照掌控的要求来调整压缩空气的各种状态,气动系统还需要其他元件的搭配,其中包括动力元件,执行元件,开关,显示设备及其它辅佑襄助设备.动力元件包括各种压缩机,执行元件包括各种气缸.这些都是气动系统中不可缺少的部分.而阀体是掌控算法得以实现的紧要设备.威格士电磁阀是用电磁掌控的工业设备，是用来掌控流体的自动化基础元件，属于执行器，并不限于液压、气动。

用在工业掌控系统中调整介质的方向、流量、速度和其他的参数。

电磁阀可以搭配不同的电路来实现预期的掌控，而掌控的精度和快捷性都能够保证。

电磁阀有很多种，不同的电磁阀在掌控系统的不同位置发挥作用，zui常用的是单向阀、安全阀、方向掌控阀、速度调整阀等。

威格士电磁阀的工作原理：里有密闭的腔，在不同位置开有通孔，每个孔连接不同的油管，腔中心是活塞，两面是两块电磁铁，哪面的磁铁线圈通电阀体就会被吸引到哪边，通过掌控阀体的移动来开启或关闭不同的排油孔，而进油孔是常开的，液压油就会进入不同的排油管，然后通过油的压力来推动油缸的活塞，活塞又带动活塞杆，活塞杆带动机械装置。

这样通过掌控电磁铁的电流通断就掌控了机械运动。

威格士电磁阀的选型资料如下：1、依据管道参数选择电磁阀的：通径规格（即DN）、接口方式1）依照现场管道内径尺寸或流量要求来确定通径（DN）尺寸；2）接口方式，一般DN50要选择法兰接口，DN50则可依据用户需要自由选择。

2、依据流体参数选择电磁阀的：材质、温度组1）腐蚀性流体：宜选用耐腐蚀电磁阀和全不锈钢；食用超净流体：宜选用食品级不锈钢材质电磁阀；2）高温流体：要选择接受耐高温的电工材料和密封材料制造的电磁阀，而且要选择活塞式结构类型的；3）流体状态：大至有气态，液态或混合状态，特别是口径大于DN25时确定要区分开来；4）流体粘度：通常在50cSt以下可任意选择，若超过此值，则要选用高粘度电磁阀。

1/2Figure 1Figure 2Figure 31. PrefaceThe ILG/S gearbox is a sandwich manual override quarter turn gearbox for spring return pneumatic actuators . It is intended to be used for the manual operation of valves (e.g. butterfly valves) in pipelines.This manual is valid only for the standard ILG/S gearboxes. For special versions, quantities and model can differ.1.2 Handling and safety precautionsBe sure to read and understand this manual before installation and use of our standard ILG/S-gearbox.Storage: The gearboxes need to be stored in a safe way to avoid accidents. Avoid storage in areas subjected to high temperature extremes and/or areas subjected to high humidity and dust.Handling: Never drop the gearbox or expose it to strong impact.Correct use: Prior to installation, be sure the gearbox will NOT be overloaded during normal use. For this, check that the valve size and needed opening torque do not exceed the values given for the gearbox. For the maximum allowable torque on the gearbox, see table. InterApp is not responsible for any damage caused by incorrect use of the gearbox.Installation and operating: Not observing the rules as stated in this manual, can lead to damage and/ or personal injuries. The qualified personnel must be fully aware of the instructions as described in this manual. Only when the instructions are observed, correct operation of the gearboxes can be guaranteed.Disposal: Never put a gearbox at a general disposal unit. The gearbox has to be offered to a disposal depot for recycling. The iron parts can be used for recycling . The seals are of nitrile and can be used for plastic recycling.The grease may not be discharged to sewer- or surface water. It has to be disposed according to local regulations for incineration.2. Installation1 The gearbox is standard delivered in closed position.2 It is recommended to mount a handwheel on the input shaft prior to assembling the gearbox to the valve.3 Check if the bolt circle of the flanges (of gearbox and valve) coincides. Also check if the valve shaft and the bore of the coupling match.4 Make sure the valve is in the fully closed position. If not, close the valve before continuing.5 Put the gearbox in fully opened (!) position by turning the handwheel counterclockwise.6 In case of use of stud bolts for fixing the gearbox to the valve, it is recommended to screw them into the bottom flange of the gearbox prior to mounting the gearbox on top of the valve.7 The use of a gasket between the flange of the valve and gearbox is recommended.8 Put the drive shaft (see figure 1) into the gearbox. The size and shape of the connections can differ from the example in figure 1.9 Put the gearbox on top of the valve. Make sure the drive shaft is in the most left turned position (seen from the bottom side). See figure 2.10 The gearbox is mounted perpendicular to the valve (see figure 3).11Fix the gearbox to the valve with nut and ring. In case of use of bolts, for the maximum screw depth, see table below.1.1 Technical dataThe ILG/S gearboxes are of different types and sizes.Under normal conditions, the gearbox is maintenance free. The gearbox is greased and sealed for life. The maximum allowable input and output torques are listed in the following table.The gearboxes can be used at ambient temperatures from –20 to +85°C. Our standard gearbox reaches IP65 (dust- and waterspray proof). Cleaning can be done with a waterhose, but not a high pressure waterjet. For more specified information, you can contact our salesdepartement.12 The (spring-return) actuator can be mounted on top.13 The assembly is ready for adjustment (see next chapter).14 Before operating, be sure the gearbox is in opened position.2/2INSTALL-ILGS_1138© 2009 InterApp AG, all rights reserved InterApp AG Grundstrasse 24CH-6343 RotkreuzPhone +41 (0) 41 7982233Fax +41 (0) 41 7982234****************.netInterApp GermanyAVK Mittelmann Armaturen Schillerstrasse 50D-42489 WülfrathPhone +49 (0) 2058 901 01Fax +49 (0) 2058 901 110**********************InterApp Austria Kolpingstrasse 19A-1230 WienPhone +43 (0) 1 6162371-0Fax +43 (0) 1 6162371-99****************.net InterApp Italy Via Gramsci 29I-20016 Pero (MI)Phone +39 02 339371Fax +39 02 33937200****************.net InterApp VálvulasCalderón de la Barca 12E-28860 Paracuellos de Jarama Phone +34 (0) 91 6584360Fax +34 (0) 91 6581430****************.netAVK VálvulasPoligono Industrial Francoli, parcela 27E-46006 Tarragona Phone +34 977 543 008Fax +34 977 541 622*******************InterApp Singapore11, Changi North Street 1, #03-11Singapore 498823Phone +65 62141048Fax +65 62140481****************.netFigure 4enThe technical data are noncommittal and do not assure you of any properties. Please refer to our general sales conditions. Modifications without notice.3. Adjustment of the stops crewsThe gearbox is already mounted on top of the valve (see installation).1 With the valve in fully closed position turn handwheel counterclockwise toput the gearbox in opened (!) position. This may not affect the position of the valve (remains fully closed).2 Mount the (spring-return) actuator.3 Turn the handwheel clockwise to put the gearbox in fully closed position.When the full closed position can not be achieved, loosen the stops crew-close (see figure 4). Continue turning the handwheel until the valve is fully closed.4 Turn the screw back into the gearbox until blocked (handtight). Secure thestops crew–close with the counternut.5 Put the gearbox into the fully opened position by turning the handwheelcounter-clockwise.6 Use the actuator to put the valve in fully opened position. When the fully openposition can not be achieved, loosen the stops crew-open (see figure 4). Continue turning the handwheel counterclockwise, until the valve can be fully opened.7 Turn the stop-screw back into the gearbox until blocked (handtight). Securethe stops crew–open with the counternut.8 Depressurice the actuator.9 Close the valve completely, turning the handwheel clockwise.10 Put the gearbox into the fully opened position by turning the handwheelcounterclockwise.11 Adjustment completed. The gearbox is now ready for automatic operation.4. OperatingWith the gearbox correct installed, under normal circumstances the valve is operated by an actuator. The ILG/S gearbox allows manual operation (closing) of the valve in case of malfunction in the automatic actuator system.1 The gearbox is operated by handwheel.2 The valve is closed by turning the handwheel clockwise.3 Stop turning when the required valve position is achieved. The number ofrotations of the handwheel needed turn the valve from fully open to fully closed is stated in table below.4 When the valve can not be totally closed, first detect and solve the cause offailure.5 In case of malfunction of the gearbox, this one has to be replaced. Return thegearbox to your supplier for repair.6 When you do the repair in house, all replacement parts must be obtainedfrom the manufacturer to assure proper operation of the gearbox.7 The gearbox is self-braking. Therefore no fixation needs to be installed.8 When the malfunction is repaired, turn the handwheel until blocked.9The system is ready for use.。

气动系统的说明书第一节：引言气动系统是一种利用压缩空气作为动力源的系统，广泛应用于各个工业领域。

本说明书将详细介绍气动系统的组成部分、工作原理以及常见应用，旨在帮助读者更好地了解和使用气动系统。

第二节：气动系统的组成部分气动系统由以下组成部分构成：1. 压缩空气源：气动系统的动力来源通常是通过压缩机产生的压缩空气。

压缩空气源通常包括压缩机、冷却器和水分离器等。

2. 储气器：储气器用于储存压缩空气并保持恒定的供气压力，以满足系统的需求。

3. 气动执行元件：气动执行元件是气动系统中的关键部件，用于完成各种机械运动。

常见的气动执行元件包括气缸、气动阀门和气动马达等。

4. 气源处理单元：气源处理单元用于清洁、干燥和调节压缩空气，以确保气动系统的正常运行。

第三节：气动系统的工作原理气动系统的工作原理可以简述如下：1. 压缩空气通过压缩机产生，并通过管道输送至气源处理单元进行过滤、干燥和调压。

2. 经过气源处理单元处理后的压缩空气进一步储存于储气器中，以保持供气的稳定性。

3. 当系统需要执行机械运动时，通过打开气动阀门，压缩空气进入气缸或其他气动执行元件，从而推动执行元件的运动。

4. 当气动阀门关闭时，压缩空气被释放，气动执行元件恢复到原始位置。

第四节：气动系统的应用气动系统具有以下优点，因此在许多应用中得到了广泛的应用：1. 灵活性：气动系统可以轻松实现多种机械运动，并且具有较高的运动精度和重复性。

2. 安全性：与电动系统相比，气动系统在潮湿、易燃或易爆的环境中更安全可靠。

3. 成本效益：气动元件相对较便宜且易于获取，同时气动系统的维护成本也较低。

4. 可靠性：气动系统可以实现长时间的稳定运行，并且对瞬时负载的适应能力较强。

气动系统广泛应用于以下领域：1. 制造业：在自动化生产线中，气动系统常用于零件装配、搬运和加工等工序中。

2. 交通运输：气动系统常用于列车和汽车的制动系统、悬挂系统等。

3. 仪器仪表：气动系统可以用于控制和测量设备，如气动传感器等。