语法 高考英语“ 代词 ”考点一遍过,超全考点梳理+易错点拨!
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高考英语语法-难点易错点归纳解析一、定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词where when why等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
如:I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.解析:在句①中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where 或why 来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which或that来代替。
如:①This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注:当先行词为time,reason, place时,引导词可以省略。
如:This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.That is the reason (why) I did it.This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外,定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。
如:①Mr.Jackson is the only foreigner that is present at the party.②He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher.解析:在句①中,先行词foreigner被only修饰,强调只有一个,所以从句中谓语动词用单数形式,而在句②中,who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the students,为复数,所以从句谓语动词应为复数。
高考英语语法专项复习代词知识点整理总结距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、代词的分类二、代词的用法考点一it, that, one(s), those的用法1.it代替的是前面提到的同一事物,即同名同物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。
如:I’d like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it?我想看看那张地图,我能借用一下吗(it代替可数名词atlas)?2.one叫作泛指代词代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个,所代替名词是可数名词单数,其前可带冠词与修饰语。
如果代替复数名词,则用ones。
如:①The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的一个问题。
高考英语代词知识点总结在高考英语中,代词是一个非常重要的语法知识点。
代词在句子中可以替代名词,起到简化句子结构、避免重复的作用。
本文将从不同角度总结高考英语中的代词知识点。
一、人称代词人称代词是用来代替人的名词的词语。
在高考英语中,常见的人称代词有I、you、he、she、we、they等。
在使用人称代词时需要注意其主格和宾格的区别。
主格用于做主语或表语,而宾格则用于做动词或介词的宾语。
例如:I am a student. (主格)She is taller than me. (宾格)除了区分主格和宾格之外,人称代词还有复数形式。
例如:we代表“我们”,they代表“他们”。
二、物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词位于名词前面修饰名词,而名词性物主代词则作为名词的替代词使用。
例如:This is my book. (形容词性物主代词)The red one is mine. (名词性物主代词)在使用物主代词时,需要根据名词的单复数和所有格进行变化。
例如,单数名词后加's,复数名词只加'。
三、反身代词反身代词用来指示动作的承受者与动作的发出者是同一个人。
常见的反身代词有myself、yourself、himself、herself、ourselves、themselves等。
例如:He hurt himself while playing football. (他在踢足球时受伤了)另外,反身代词可以用来强调主语:I myself will finish the task. (我自己会完成这个任务)四、指示代词指示代词用来指示人或物的位置、距离和数量等信息。
常用的指示代词有this、that、these、those等。
例如:This is my bag. (这是我的包)Those are my friends. (那些是我的朋友)指示代词还可以与名词连用来修饰名词,表示特指。
高考代词知识点梳理代词作为考试中的重要考点之一,在高考中占据了一定的比重。
掌握好代词的相关知识点,对于高考英语的顺利通过至关重要。
本文将对高考代词的知识点进行梳理,旨在帮助同学们更好地备考。
一、人称代词人称代词指的是表示人称身份的代词,包括主格、宾格和所有格形式。
在高考英语中,人称代词常常涉及到主谓一致、代词的恰当使用等考点。
1. 主格形式主格形式的人称代词主要用于作主语或主语补语,如:- I am a student.- He is my friend.2. 宾格形式宾格形式的人称代词主要用于作动词的宾语、介词的宾语以及部分不及物动词后的宾语补足语,如:- Can you help me?- This book is for you.3. 所有格形式所有格形式的人称代词主要用于表示所有关系,如:- This is my book.- Is that your pencil?二、指示代词指示代词用于指示特定的人或物,包括近指示代词和远指示代词。
在高考中,指示代词常涉及到考生对句子结构的理解和翻译能力。
1. 近指示代词近指示代词主要用于指示距离说话者较近的人或物,如:- This is my bag.- These are my friends.2. 远指示代词远指示代词主要用于指示距离说话者较远的人或物,如:- That is his car.- Those are their houses.三、相互代词相互代词主要用于表示两个或多个人或物之间的相互关系,常见的相互代词有each other和one another。
在高考中,相互代词常常涉及到对人际关系的描述和理解。
1. each othereach other用于表示两个人之间的相互关系,如:- They love each other.- The twins look exactly like each other.2. one anotherone another用于表示两个或多个人之间的相互关系,如:- The team members often help one another.- The students learn from one another.四、不定代词不定代词用于代替不具体指称的人或物,常常涉及到复数、单数、可数、不可数等概念的区分。
【高考复习】高考英语易错点:代词用法易错点解剖高考
英语易犯错误:代词it,one和that的用法和差异
one泛指,指代前面提到的那类人或物,用于指代可数
名词,相当于+名词单数,其复数形式通常在“一”之前有一个属性,否则必须使用
that(those复数)即可指代不可数名词,表特指,相当于the+名词,后面经常与介词
修饰语连用。
它指出现在上面的名词,表示相同的种类和事物。
此外,它还可以表示时间、距离、
天气、人称代词,这表明性别身份是未知的。
它可以用作形式主语、形式宾语、引导强调
句型和一些固定搭配,如getit、catchit、makeit
例如:①ihavelostmywatch.ithinkimustbuyone.我丢了只表,我想我必须再买一只。
(代指上文指到的同类事物,但不指同一个)
②梅本在哪里?你看到了吗?我不知道我的钢笔在哪里。
你看到了吗?(指上述同一
事项)
③thelandofchina islargerthanthatofamerica.
④ Tomehasaredpenadabuleone(或两个bulueone)
⑤hehasnochild,andhewantstoadoptone(或some)。
高考代词总结以及易错点一、选择题1.—Did you go to the popular tourist attraction yesterday?—Yes. After waiting for hours to get in, I found ________ too tired to finish the tour.A.it B.me C.itself D.myself 2.—Excuse me, I want to buy a birthday present for my younger sister.—OK. We have new kinds of toys for girls. You can choose for her.A.one B.it C.them D.that3.—The apples are quite delicious! Can I have one more?—Sorry, there is ________ left, what about some oranges?A.none B.no one C.nothing D.nobody4.I want to buy a fine tie for my father, but ________ is fit for him in the shops nearby.A.no one B.nothing C.none D.neither5.—Do you know whose books they are on the desk?—I don't know. They' re not ________. Ask Andrew, please.A.mine B.me C.my D.I6.—Which would you like to choose for your PE entrance exam, basketball or volleyball?—________. I prefer football.A.Both B.Either C.None D.Neither7.Jeff dreams of becoming a detective like Sherlock Homes. He thinks there is ________ more exciting than solving a mystery.A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 8.—Mum, our dolls’ clothes are so dirty.—You may wash them, but be careful to keep ________ clean.A.them B.your C.yours D.theirs9.—Few films have had a greater effect on popular culture t han Steven Spielberg’s.—It’s just your cup of tea. To me, his works are ________ more than entertainment. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 10.Bob recommended me several foreign films, but ________ was to my taste.A.neither B.no one C.none D.nothing11.— Have you got any books on the differences between Chinese and Western festivals? I want to borrow one.— Yes, here you are. But you must return _______by Sunday.A.one B.it C.this D.that12.BFSU is not far from Peking University, so you can easily visit ________ in a day.A.both B.all C.either D.neither 13.—Mom, I’d like to have a computer and a camera as my birthday present.—Well, you can have either of them. I’m afraid I can’t afford ________.A.none B.all C.neither D.both14.Wait a minute. I have ________ more to tell you about the travelling plan.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing15.Teachers use ________ knowledge to help children become intelligent teenagers.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 16.—Dave, did you have fun at the New Year's Party?—Sure! I will never forget each wonderful memory of ________.A.we B.us C.our D.ours17.It’s known to all that the Chinese are famous for ________ hard work and wisdom. A.they B.them C.their D.themselves 18.—Could you tell me how many classes you have on Friday afternoon?—___________. We can take part in activities in any club we like.A.None B.Nothing C.Neither D.Either 19.—Sam, there are so many spelling mistakes in your paper. You should try not torepeat________.—Sorry, Mr. White. I'll be more careful from now on.A.it B.its C.them D.theirs20.— Lucy, do you know whose wallet it is on the table?—Sorry, I don’t know. I asked many people, but ________ knew.A.nobody B.everybody C.anybody D.somebody21.The new workshop can not only help students learn different skills but also teach _________ to care about others.A.they B.them C.their D.themselves 22.The girl got a new bike from her father and she loves ________ colour very much.A.it B.itself C.its D.it’s23.Some friends tried to calm down Mr. and Mrs. White and help solve their problem without hurting the feeling of ________, but failed.A.none B.either C.both D.neither24.He thinks himself ________, but we think him ________.A.somebody, anybody B.somebody, nobody C.anybody, somebody D.anybody, nobody 25.They have provided several ways to solve the problem. We can choose _________ to start with.A.it B.that C.one D.each26.Wu Xinhai, a stay-at-home dad, said “I want my kids to have a different childhood from________.”A.me B.mine C.myself D.I27.—All of us will visit Beijing Daxing International Airport next week.—Great! ________ of us has been there before and we want to know more about the local culture. A.None B.Either C.Both D.All 28.—Mary, is this ________ blue bike?—No, ________ is a black one.A.your; my B.your; mine C.yours; my D.yours; mine 29.—Can you play football or basketball?—________of them. I’m good at ball games.A.Both B.All C.Neither D.None30.— There are more TV series than before.—That’s true. But ________ was to my taste. I prefer westerns.A.all B.few C.some D.none31.Think twice and make the decision. _______ else can do it for you.A.Somebody B.Nobody C.Everybody D.Anybody32.The chairman thought ________ necessary to invite Professor Johnson to speak at the meeting.A.that B.it C.this D.him33.— When would you like to go to Nanjing Garden Expo (园博园) with me, this Friday or Saturday?— ________. I am free only this Sunday.A.Both B.None C.Neither D.Either34.The sheep are eating grass on the hill. How happy ________ look!A.it B.its C.they D.them35.The teacher shared the photos of our school trip on her WeChat Moments. We can see them for ________.A.herself B.himself C.ourselves D.themselves36.As the old saying goes, politeness costs nothing and gains ________.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something 37.—Excuse me, I want to buy a birthday gift for my brother.—Here are some gifts for boys. You can choose ________ for him.A.it B.one C.that D.them 38.—Tickets for Friday.—Sorry, we’ve got ________ left.A.none B.nothing C.no D.no one 39.—David, I have ________ to tell you.—Great! I’m excited to hear our country has made progress in exploring the space. A.something important B.anything important C.important something D.important anything40.—This book o n Yancheng’s history is interesting. I’d like______. Where did you buy it, Tom? —In the Amazon Bookstore.A.it B.this C.that D.one【参考答案】一、选择题1.D解析:D【详解】句意:——你昨天去了那个受欢迎的旅游景点吗?——是的。
高考英语语法代词考点归纳在高考英语中,几乎每一年都会有对英语代词的直接考题,有的出现在单项填空,有的出现在完形填空或短文改错中。
下面由店铺为你提供的高考英语语法代词考点归纳,希望能帮到你。
高考英语语法代词考点归纳一I. 代词可以分为以下八大类1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 2反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves, yourselves, themselves3指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some4疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever,whichever, whatever5关系代词/连接代词that, which, who, whom, whose,as6不定代词one/ some/ any,each/ every,none/ no,many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a littleother/ another, all/ both, neither/ either7相互代词each other,one another高考英语语法代词考点归纳二II. 不定代词用法注意点类别区别例句one, some,any和it one可以泛指人或者事(东西),其复数为ones ①We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them②Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far moreserious _______ than mobile phones do.A.oneB.onesC.itD.thosesome可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico.Would you like ________?A.itB.someC.thisD.1ittlesome 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个①I have read this article in some magazin e. Please correct the mistakes, if any.②—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?—________way as you please.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Eitherone指同类中的一个,it指代同一种类的东西。
高考英语代词知识点归纳在高考英语考试中,代词是一个常考的知识点。
代词在句子中起到替代名词的作用,可以使语言更加简洁明了。
在理解代词的用法和掌握代词之间的关系上,是高考英语考试中的一个重要方面。
本文将对高考英语代词的知识点进行归纳,帮助考生更好地掌握这一知识点。
一、人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。
主格代词用于作主语,宾格代词用于作宾语或补语。
例如:I am a student. (我是一个学生。
)Can you help us? (你能帮助我们吗?)二、物主代词物主代词用于表示所属关系。
在英语中,物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
例如:That is my book. (那是我的书。
)Those bags are hers. (那些袋子是她的。
)三、反身代词反身代词用于表示动作的承受者与行为者是同一个人或事物。
反身代词一般放在动词或介词之后。
例如:He hurt himself in the accident. (在事故中,他伤到了自己。
)四、指示代词指示代词用于指示特定的人或事物。
指示代词包括近指代词和远指代词。
例如:This is my new car. (这是我的新车。
)That is a beautiful garden. (那是一个美丽的花园。
)五、疑问代词疑问代词用于提问特定的人或事物。
疑问代词包括who, whom, whose, which, what等。
例如:Who is the tallest boy in your class? (你们班最高的男生是谁?)Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? (你更喜欢咖啡还是茶?)六、非限定性代词非限定性代词用于表示不确定或泛指的事物。
非限定性代词包括some, any, both, all等。
例如:Some people say that love is blind. (有人说爱情是盲目的。
高考英语语法易错点归纳第一讲定语从句一、只能用which引导定语从句的情况:1.在引导非限定性定语从句,且which指代前面的整个句子时。
这一用法是高考的一个热点。
如:M ary failed in the examination, which worried her mother a lot.2.在介词的后面只能用关系代词which来指代前面表示物的名词。
如:I bought a lot of books yesterday, most of which are in English.二、只能用that引导定语从句的情况:1.先行词是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, all, much, many, a lot, few, little, none等时。
如:H e was so hungry that he ate up everything that was put in front of him.H e saw much that was bad.T here is little that I can do for you.2.先行词被序数词或the last修饰时。
如:H e is the first student that I got to know in this school.T his will be the last thing that I will do.3.先行词被最高级修饰或先行词本身就是最高级时。
如:This is the most interesting film that I have seen this year.This book is the most expensive that I have bought so far.4.先行词被all, every, some, next, any, no, many, much, the only, the very等修饰时。
高考英语语法代词精讲考点一、人称代词(一)宾格代替主格:me too; me either/neither; not me(二)多个人称代词别的顺序:单数231;复数123考点二、物主代词(一)形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词(二)物主代词双重所有格:a/an/this/that +名词+of +名词性物主代词考点三、反身代词(一)作主语同位语Eg:The thing itself is very important(二)做宾语(主语与宾语人称一致)(三)做表语Eg: I am not myself today(四)做状语考点四、指示代词(一)this/ these+时间表现在;those /that+时间表过去(二)this/that/next/last/every+时间名词,前面不能用介词(三)such is/are考点五、相互代词(一)Each other/one another(二)Each other’s /one another’s+名词考点六、替代词one//the one/that/ ones /the ones /those/ it考点七、不定代词(一)few/a few;little/a little; some/any; much/manyquite a few(二)all /none / any /everyboth /neither /either /each(三)部分否定与完全否定完全否定none(not…any) /neither(not…either)/nobody/no one/nothing/no/not at all部分否定not …与both/all/every/always/completely/entirely/anywhere连用,“并非---”(四)不定代词another/ other/the other的用法One------another/the otherSome-----others/the others(五)1. 表示“每隔”every few days/other day; every four days/every fourth day2. 表示“再”another three days; three other/more days3. “other+单数”any other /every other/no other单数4. but连用不定代词anything but=never; nothing but=only; all but=almost (六)不定代词(so/such)I did soSo/nor did ISo/nor I didSo it is with me(it is the same with me/as is the case with me/As is the case:确有其事)so----that----such----that----no such man like----考点八、it的用法句式(1)It is adj.(of/for sb.)to do sth.(2)It is no use(useless等)doing sth.(3)it takes sb st to do/before(4)It is adj that sb do(5)It is noun that sb do(6)It is said that sb do sth(said,reported,known,thought,believed,suggested)(7)It looks/seems/appears/happens that sb do sth. 译为“________”(8)6123句式:(9)like/dislike/hate/appreciate it that sb doTake it for granted/rely on it/depend on it/see to it that sb doKeep it in mind that(10)It is+强调部分+that sb do sth.(11)It is some time since sb did sth.(12)It will be some time before sb do sth./It was some time before sb did sth. (13)It was a time when sb did sth .(14)It is high time that sb did sth.(15)(十六)it固定结构(1)It goes without saying(2)when it comes to(3)It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ...译为“________”(4)It is up to sb. to do sth. 译为“________”(5)make it/believe it or not(6)It is none of your businessmake ittake it easy。
代词高考知识点总结归纳代词作为英语语法中的一个重要部分,是我们日常交流中必不可少的一种词类。
在高考英语中,代词也是一个重要的考点,掌握代词的相关知识点对于正确理解和使用代词至关重要。
本文将对代词的相关知识点进行总结归纳,帮助读者更好地掌握这一语法要点。
一、人称代词人称代词是指用来代替人称的词类,主要包括主格代词和宾格代词。
主格代词在句子中作主语,宾格代词在句子中作宾语或补语。
1. 主格代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, they例句:- I am a student.- She is my sister.2. 宾格代词:me, you, him, her, it, us, them例句:- Can you help me with my homework?- I saw him at the party.二、物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,主要包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their例句:- This is my car.- Is this your book?2. 名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs例句:- The red car is mine.- Is this pen yours?三、指示代词指示代词用来指出或代替特定的人或事物,主要包括this, that, these, those等。
1. this和these用于表示离说话人较近的人或事物。
例句:- This is my friend.- These are my new shoes.2. that和those用于表示离说话人较远的人或事物。
例句:- That is his house.- Those are the books I borrowed from the library.四、疑问代词疑问代词用来提问特定的人或事物,主要包括who, whom, whose, what, which等。
代词高考知识点总结大全一、代词的种类1. 人称代词:包括主格和宾格两种形式,主格用来作主语或表语,宾格用来作宾语。
例如:I(我)、you(你)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们)等。
2. 物主代词:用来表示所属关系,包括形容词性物主代词和代词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词用在名词前,代词性物主代词则可以直接替代名词。
例如:my(我的)、your(你的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、our(我们的)、their(他们的)等。
3. 反身代词:用来指示动作的执行者同时也是动作的承受者,即“自己”。
例如:myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、ourselves(我们自己)、yourselves(你们自己)、themselves(他们自己)等。
4. 指示代词:用来指示人或物的特点或位置,包括人称和物主两种形式。
例如:this(这个)、that(那个)、these(这些)、those(那些)等。
5. 疑问代词:用来引导疑问句,可以代替名词或代词。
例如:who(谁)、whom(谁)、whose(谁的)、which(哪个)、what(什么)等。
6. 关系代词:用来引导定语从句,代替先行词并在从句中作某一句子成分。
例如:who (谁)、whom(谁)、whose(谁的)、which(哪个)、what(什么)等。
7. 不定代词:指代不特指的人或事物,没有明确的指示对象。
例如:somebody(某人)、anybody(任何人)、nobody(没有人)、something(某物)、anything(任何事物)、nothing(没有东西)等。
二、代词的用法1. 人称代词的用法:用作主语时,要和谓语动词的数保持一致;用作宾语时,要根据动词的情况选择宾格或者主格形式;用作表语时,要选择主格形式。
高考英语代词知识点归纳总结代词是英语中常用的一种词类,用来代替名词或名词短语,以避免重复使用。
掌握代词的使用是英语学习的基础,对于高考英语而言尤为重要。
本文将对高考英语代词的知识点进行归纳总结,帮助考生复习和掌握该部分内容。
一、人称代词人称代词用来代替特定的人或物,根据在句子中的起作用不同分为主格和宾格两种形式。
1. 主格人称代词:I, you, he, she, it, we, they- I喜欢跳舞。
I like dancing.- You应该努力学习。
You should study hard.- He是我的老师。
He is my teacher.- She喜欢阅读。
She enjoys reading.- It是一只猫。
It is a cat.- We是一家人。
We are a family.- They在玩游戏。
They are playing games.2. 宾格人称代词:me, you, him, her, it, us, them- Tom请我吃饭。
Tom invited me to have dinner.- Can you帮助我吗? Can you help me?- Lily看见了他。
Lily saw him.- I love her. 我爱她。
- It is给我。
It is for me.- Please帮助我们。
Please help us.- I saw them at the park. 我在公园看到了他们。
二、物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。
1. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their- This is我的书。
This is my book.- Is this你的钱包? Is this your wallet?- That is他的狗。
That is his dog.- Her手机丢了。
考点11 完成时高考频度:★★★★★考向一、现在完成时1. 现在完成时结构:主语+ 助动词have(has) + 动词过去分词否定句:have/has后加not, haven’t/hasn’t一般疑问句:have/has提前2. 现在完成时的用法:(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,强调的是这个结果或影响,常与yet,already,just,before,lately等时间状语连用。
—Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃过午饭了吗?—Yes, I have. I have just had it. 是的,我刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了。
)I have already posted the photos. 我已经寄过这些照片了。
(这些照片已不在我这里了。
)(2)过去发生的事情,一直持续到现在(其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词)。
I haven’t seen her these days. 近来我一直没见过他。
I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。
They have lived here since 1996. 他们自从1996年就住在这儿。
She has taught us since I came to this school. 自从我来这所学校,她就教我。
3. 现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用:(1)用于"过去发生的事,对现在造成的影响或结果"的时间状语有:(2)用于"过去发生的事,一直延续到现在"的时间状语有:for + 时间段for two yearssince + 时间点since 2008since thensince he came hereso far 目前;迄今为止up to now=till now=by now 到现在为止;直到现在all the time 总是;一直recently/lately 最近these days 近几天by the end of...到……末/结束by the end of this month/year 到本月/年末during /over the last (past) few years 在过去的几年中in the last /past days/ months/ years 在过去的几个天/月/年中(3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
高考英语知识点梳理:高考英语语法5个高频易错点全归纳,帮你扫清语法障碍!一、定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词where when why 等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
如:1.I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.2.I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析:在句①中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when 来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where 或why来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which或that来代替。
如:1.This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)2.This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注:当先行词为time,reason, place时,引导词可以省略。
如:1.This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.2.That is the reason (why) I did it.3.This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外,定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。
高考代词考点及用法总结【考纲解读】在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。
代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
近3年来,高考重点考查不定代词,所考题量占所考代词总量的50%左右,其次是it的用法和替代词。
试题的设计注重语境设置,要求考生将句子意思和句子结构联系起来选出正确的代词。
因此,做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上,特别注意句意和句子结构的结合,只靠死背语法是很难奏效的。
【重点知识梳理】一:both,all,either,each,every,neither,none的用法1.both,either,neither用于两者。
both意为“两者都”;either意为“两者中的任何一个”;neither意为“两者中的任何一个都不”。
如:Both the boys are clever.两个男孩每个都很聪明。
Either of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都很聪明。
Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。
2.all,none,each,every用于多者。
all意为“全部都”,指可数的东西时为复数,指不可数的东西时为单数;none意为“全都不,任何一个都不”,指可数的东西时可为单数或复数,指不可数的东西时为单数;each和every意为“每一个”,为单数,两者都能作定语用,但each还可作主语、宾语和同位语。
All of the students are there.All(of)the milk is there.Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。
Each student may have an edictionary./Each of the students has an edictionary./The students each have an edictionary.每个学生都可有一本电子词典。
高考英语知识点易错点总结在备战高考英语的过程中,我们不可避免地会遇到一些容易出错的知识点。
这些易错点的掌握程度,直接关系到我们在英语考试中取得好成绩的可能性。
下面,我们将对一些高考英语知识点的易错点进行总结和梳理,并给出相应的解决方法。
一、语法考点易错点1. 时态错误:高考英语中,时态是一个经常出错的地方。
特别是对于一些需要准确使用时态的题目,如条件状语从句、时间状语从句等。
解决方法是要仔细检查句子是否符合上下文逻辑和时态要求。
2. 主谓一致错误:主谓一致错误是常见的语法错误之一。
通常出现在复数主语与单数谓语搭配、存在连接词的主谓一致、复合主语的一致等情况下。
解决方法是要在写作的过程中特别注意主谓一致的问题,并牢记相关的语法规则。
3. 当代中文表达的错误:有时,中文的习惯表达方式与英语不一致,容易导致误解。
常见的例子包括:使用“离开”而不是“离开”;使用“有望”而不是“期待”等。
解决方法是多读多听,积累更多的英语表达习惯,增加对英语的敏感度。
二、词汇考点易错点1. 固定搭配错误:高考英语中,固定搭配的掌握程度直接关系到我们的词汇分数。
容易出错的固定搭配有:take part in(参加)、make adecision(做出决定)、in the end(最后)等。
解决方法是要积累更多的固定搭配,进行词组记忆和复习。
2. 同义词混淆:高考英语中,同义词的使用比较常见。
容易混淆的同义词有:learn/acquire(学习)、easy/simple(简单)、important/significant(重要)等。
解决方法是要通过大量的阅读和写作来熟悉这些同义词的用法。
3. 多音多义词错误:高考英语中,多音多义词的使用要求我们具备较强的语境感知能力。
特别容易出错的多音多义词有:bank(银行/河岸)、bear(熊/忍受)等。
解决方法是要通过大量的阅读积累语境感知能力,并熟练掌握这些多音多义词的正确用法。
三、阅读理解易错点1. 题目定位失误:在阅读理解中,正确地定位问题是解题的关键。
高考人教版英语语法2022高考英语考点一遍过超全考点梳理易错点拨一般时考点09一般时高考频度:★★★★★【命题解读】动词的时态是历年高考的重点,也是高考的必考点。
应特别注意以下几点:要把握各种时态的特点,注意易混淆时态间的差异;准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义,捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息;要克服汉语式的惯性思维,排除误导,培养发散性思维。
【命题预测】预计2022年时态仍将是高考的重点和难点所在。
高考主要以语法填空、短文改错等形式考查,动词的时态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。
高考在考查时态的同时,还会兼顾其他语法内容的考查,比如各种从句、强调句、倒装句等,其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。
【复习建议】1.了解并能正确运用常考的11种时态;2.熟练运用现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时等高考高频时态;3.掌握几种易混时态的区别,如现在完成时和一般过去时等。
动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般时do/doesdidshall/willdoshould/woulddo进行时am/is/aredoingwas/weredoingshall/willbedoingshould/wouldbedoing完成时have/hasdidhaddidshall/willhavedidshould/wouldhavedid完成进行时have/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingshall/willhavebeendoingshould/wouldhavebeendoing考向一一般现在时1.表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时态限制)。
Thegeographyteachertoldustheearthmovesaroundthesun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东方。
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳东升西落。
代词分为九类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。
1. 人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别。
请看下表:2. 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
请看下表3. 反身代词可见下表指示代词有:this, that, these, those疑问代词有:who, whom whose, what, which,还有疑问副词:when, how, where, why。
不定代词主要有:some, any, many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either…1. 物主代词的用法形容词性物主代词:作定语,相当形容词,不能单独使用,后面必须加名词;名词性物主代词:不作定语,相当名词词组,可单独使用,后面不须加名词。
如:Here is my sister. Her name is Jenny.(形容词性物主代词)Is that coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词)2. 反身代词的用法teach oneself 自学speak/say to oneself 自言自语by oneself独自地help oneself to 随便吃……enjoy oneself 玩得开心make yourself at home 请自便3. 指示代词的用法: 主要有四个,即this, that, these 和those1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:单数复数限定词:This girl is Mary.Those men are my teachers.代词:This is Mary.Those are my teachers.♣1, 为避免重复,可用that 和those 代替前面提到的名词。
如:The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground)My seat is next to that of the mayor.我的座位在市长座位旁边。
♣2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this 或that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用this .如:——She is a beautiful girl.——Who said that?I want to know this: Is she beautiful?♣3. 在打电话时,通常用this 指自己,用that指对方:Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?4. 疑问代词的用法疑问代词:who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句。
注意:1. what与which的用法区别:当选择的范围较明确时,用which;当选择的范围不明确时,用what。
如:Which color do you like, red, black or white?红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?What color is your car?你的汽车是什么颜色的?5. 不定代词的用法1)定义:不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
2)种类英语中不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone,somewhere),any(anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere),no(nothing,nobody,no one),every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere),all,each,both,much,many,(a) little,(a) few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。
♣1. some和any的比较不定代词some,any都是“一些”的意思,都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。
some一般用于肯定句中;any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中.♣注意:在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some 而不用any。
如:Will you lend me some money? 可以借些钱给我吗?一、人称代词1.人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格,但应注意以下四种情况:①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,常用宾格。
—Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.—Why me?John is sitting there doing nothing.②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时,与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。
The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格,故用he替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。
(me是宾格,故用her替代)③作表语的人称代词一般用宾格,但在强调句型中,被强调部分代词的格不变。
I met her in the hospital.→It was her who I met in the hospital.④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。
如:He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别:I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him,too.2.两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:在并列主语中,"I"总是放在最后,排列顺序为:二三一(人称)。
宾格me也一样。
You,she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.1.(2018·新课标卷II·短文改错)As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.【答案】us改为me【解析】句意:他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。
偷换人称代词,是对“我”说,前面提到的I,而不是we。
故把us改为me。
2. (2018·新课标卷III·语法填空)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive.【答案】them【解析】此处做find 的宾语,所以用宾格them。
二、物主代词1.注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。
2.one’s own...=...of one’s own句式的转换。
3.某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。
take sb.by the arm,be wounded in the leg三、反身代词1.反身代词的语法功能:宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。
2.反身代词和某些动词连用,构成固定短语。
devote oneself to致力于dress oneself自己穿衣enjoy oneself过得快活feel oneself觉得正常3.反身代词还可用于某些成语中。
for oneself为自己;独立地of oneself自然地;自动地by oneself独自地in oneself本身1.(2019·新课标卷III·短文改错)In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.【答案】yourselves改为themselves【解析】考查代词的用法。
customers是句子的主语,故把yourselves改为themselves。
2.(2019·北京卷·语法填空)Nervously __facing_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。
句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。
本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。
故填myself。
3.(2018·新课标卷III·短文改错)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done homework but I was shy.【答案】myself改为my/the【解析】句意:我已经完成了自己的作业。
表示“我的”用my不用myself,或改为定冠词the也可以。
四、相互代词(each other,one another)相互代词无人称、数和格的区别,在句中作宾语。
其所有格分别为each other’s,one another’s,作定语。
一般来说,each other指两者之间,one another指三者或三者以上之间,但现在区分已不明显。
五、指示代词(this,that,these,those,such,same)指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性,在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。
1.指示代词this(these)和that(those)的区别。
①this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物;that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。
This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.②this常指后面要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。