China-Europe public management 中欧公共管理.ppt

专题阅读资料7析欧洲质量管理基金会的公共组织绩效评估系统内容提要 EFQM的公共组织卓越模型是欧洲信誉很高的评估模型。

该模型致力于提升公共组织的运作效率和社会效益。

该模型包含8个理念和9个标准，并具有全面、平衡的标准涵义，严谨的子标准描述，明确简捷的评分计算规则。

EFQM模型具有组织竞争力评估的普适性，特别适宜于公共组织潜能、绩效的自我诊断。

关键词 EFQM 卓越理念模型公共组织特色一欧洲质量管理基金会（EFQM）的历史沿革和卓越理念1 历史沿革1988年，由欧洲14个家公司①发起成立了欧洲质量管理基金会（The European Foundation for Quanlity Management），建立了欧洲质量管理评估系统。

EFQM是一个非赢利组织。

它的使命是持续地提升欧洲产品质量，并实现欧洲产品质量世界一流的愿景。

在16年的运作中，EFQM在引导企业持续改造，追求卓越的工作中，取得了瞩目的业绩，产生了世界性的影响。

EFQM注重评估组织绩效，诊断组织问题，预测组织发展的未来，以治本的方式提升组织的竞争实力。

1992年初, 欧洲质量管理基金委员会创立了EFQM卓越模型, 以此作为评价组织绩效和前景的欧洲质量奖（European Quality Award）的框架。

评奖对象包括:公司；公司的运营部门；公共组织；中小企业。

该奖项在欧洲得到广泛应用，并成为欧洲大部分国家和地区的质量奖的参考框架。

EFQM从事的业务包括: 组织EFQM年度质量评奖；开展质量管理评估的业务培训；召开欧洲质量管理论坛；发布质量管理评估新闻；出版质量评估管理刊物等。

2003年1月，EFQM的成员组织已有800多个，遍布欧洲的大部分国家，涉及到欧洲几乎所有产业。

有专家预测，到2008年，欧洲将取消对企业的各种单项认证，而代之以统一的EFQM认证。

EFQM卓越模型是涵盖面广泛的质量管理模型, 不仅运用于公司绩效的测量, 也广泛地运用到公共①这14家大公司包括Bosch, BT, Bull, Ciba-Geigy, Dassault, Electrolux, Fiat, KLM, Nestle, Olivetti, Philips, Renault, Sulzer, V olkswagen.组织绩效的测量。

中欧国际工商学院中欧国际工商学院（CEIBS，China Europe International Business School）中欧国际工商学院网站：/中欧国际工商学院（CEIBS）是一所由中国政府与欧洲联盟共同创办、专门培养国际化高级管理人才的非赢利性中外合作高等学府。

学院成立于1994年11月，作为中国工商管理教育的先驱，学院最早在中国大陆开设全英语教学的全日制工商管理硕士课程（MBA）、高层管理人员工商管理硕士课程（EMBA）和高层经理培训课程（Executive Education）。

学院恪守“认真、创新、追求卓越”的校训，以国际化为特色，坚持高质量办学，经过十年的辛勤耕耘, 中欧国际工商学院的课程及学位已获得了国际工商教育权威认证系统EQUIS的认证，并获得国务院学位委员会的正式认可。

自2001年起，中欧国际工商学院连续跻身英国《金融时报》全球商学院100强排名，亚洲前3名，成为中国大陆几所获得世界排名的商学院之一。

中欧国际工商学院的使命是：为中国培养立足本土、面向世界、适应全球经济一体化趋势，具有参与国际合作与国际竞争能力的高级经营管理人才，为中国经济发展服务，并促进中国经济融入世界经济。

中欧国际工商学院，比肩世界，服务中国。

近年来中欧全英文授课的MBA 课程吸引了来自全球30多个国家，拥有3～8年工作经验，并立志在全球商业经营领域有所建树的职场精英。

目前学生年龄集中在25～30岁，国际学生的比例约38%，课程规模为每年三个班180人左右。

学院双方的办学单位包括拥有百年历史的上海交通大学和EFMD（欧洲管理发展基金）。

EFMD是管理教育和培训的全球性合作组织，致力于管理教育培训水准的提高。

上海交通大学和EFMD对学院的创建和发展做出了杰出的贡献。

上海交通大学拥有100多年的历史，是目前中国最著名的大学之一。

她与国内企业界有着广泛而又悠久的联系，这种联系可以帮助学院与中国的企业建立紧密联系。

行政管理公共管理论文中英文外文翻译文献中英文外文翻译文献The New Public Management SituationNo doubt, many countries in the world, and both developed countries and developing countries, in the late 1980s and early 1990s began a continuous public sector management reform movement. The reform movement is still in many aspects government continue to the organization and management of the influence. People in these reforms view repudiating them. Critics especially in Britain and the United States, critics say the new mode of various problems exist, but also does not have the international prevailing reform of public management, could not be called paradigm. Criticism from almost every aspect of the change. Most of the academic criticism belong to the mouth. Different schools of thought in detail discussion, The academic journal articles and abstraction, from reality. At the same time, in the practice of public management and implementation of the reform and the change. As I in other articles in the thought, in most countries, the traditional public administrative mode for public management mode has been replaced. The reform of public department responded to the realities of several interrelated problems, including: the function of public sector provide public services of low efficiency, Economic theory of change, Private sector related changes impact of globalization, especially as a kind of economic power, Technology changes made decentralization and better control globally becomes possible. The administrative management can be divided into three stages: the development of distinct phases, and public administration before traditional pattern and public management reform stage. Each stage has its ownmanagement mode. From a stage of transition to the next stage is not easy, from the traditional public administration to public administration has not yet completed the transition. But it was only a matter of time. Because the new mode of theoretical basis is very strong. The new public management movement ", "although this name, but it is not only a debate in the booming, and in most developed countries have taken the best management mode of expression. The traditional administrative mode than it's age is a great reform, but that time has passed.A traditional patternObviously, in the late 19th century bureaucracy system theory, not sound already exists some form of administrative management. Public administration has a long history, and it is the concept of a government and the rise of civilization as history. As the case Glad2den Osama bin laden (point), a model of administrative since the government appears has existed. First is endowed with founder or leader, then is the social or administrative person to organizers of eternity. Administration management or business is all in social activities, although not among factors, but the glow of social sustainable development is of vital importance. Recognized administrative system in ancient Egypt is already exists, its jurisdiction from the Nile flooding caused by the year to build the pyramids irrigation affairs. China is adopted in the han dynasty, Confucian norms that government should be elected, not according to the background, but according to the character and ability, the government's main goal is to seek the welfare of the people. In Europe, various empire - Greek, Roman, and the holy Roman, Spain's administrative empire, they first by the central through various rules and procedures. Weber's thought, "modern" medieval countries develop simultaneously with "bureaucratic management structure development". Although these countries in different ways, but they have common features, it can be called before modern. Namely, the administrative system of early essence is the personification of, or the establishment in Max Weber's "nepotism" basis, i.e. to loyal to the king or minister certain human foundation, not is personified, With allegiance to the organization or individual basis rather than for the foundation. Although thereare such a viewpoint that administration itself not only praise from traditional mode, the characteristic of early but often leads to seek personal interests corruption or abuse of power. In the early administrative system, we now feel very strange approach has the functions of government administration is generally behavior. All those who walk official tend to rely on friends or relatives for work or buy officer, which means the money to buy the first officer or tax officials, and then out to the customer to money, which is the first to buy officer recovery investment cost, and can make a fortune. America in the 19th century FenFei system of "political parties" means in the ruling changed at the same time, the government of all administrative position is changed. Modern bureaucracy is before "personal, traditional, diffusion and similar and special", and according to the argument, modern Weber bureaucracy is "impersonal, rational, concrete, achievement orientation and common". Personalized government is often inefficient: nepotism means incompetent not capable person was arranged to positions of leadership, FenFei political corruption, in addition to making often still exist serious low efficiency. The enormous success of traditional administrative pattern that early practice looks strange. Specialization and not politicized administrative in our opinion is so difficult to imagine that trace, there exist other system. Western administrative system even simple selection of officials to pass the exam, until 1854, Britain and north G..M. Trevelyan report after Northcote - began to establish in China, although the system has long passage.The traditional public administrative patternIn the late 19th century, additionally one kind of pattern on the world popular, this is the so-called traditional administrative pattern. Its main theoretical basis from several countries, namely, the American scholars and Germany Woodrow Wilson of Max Weber's, people put their associated with bureaucracy model, Frederick Tyler systematically elaborated the scientific management theory, the theory of the private sector from America, for public administration method was provided. And the other theorists, Taylor without focusing on public sector, but his theory was influential in this field. The three traditional public administration mode is theorist of main effect.In other countries, plus G..M. Trevelyan and North America, the state administration of administrative system, especially the Wilson has produced important influence. In the 19th century, the north G..M. Trevelyan and put forward through the examination and character, and appointed officials put forward bias and administrative neutral point of view. The traditional administrative pattern has the following features:1. The bureaucracy. The government shall, according to the principle of bureaucratic rank and organization. The German sociologist Max Weber bureaucracy system of a classic, and analysis. Although the bureaucracy in business organizations and other tissues, but it is in the public sector got better and longer.2. The best way of working and procedures are in full manual detail codes, for administrative personnel to follow. Strictly abide by these principles will run for the organization provides the best way.3. Bureaucratic service. Once the government policy areas in, it will be through the bureaucracy to provide public products and service providers.4. In political and administrative two relations, political and administrative managers generally think of administrative affairs can be separated. Administration is the implement instruction, and any matter policy or strategic affairs shall be decided by the political leaders, which can ensure that the democratic system.5. Public interests are assumed to individual civil servants, the only motive for public service is selfless paying.6. Professional bureaucracy. Public administration is viewed as a kind of special activities, thus requirements, obscure, civil servants neutral equal employment and lifelong service to any political leaders.7. The administrative task is to carry out the meaning of the written instructions and not others assume the personal responsibility.Through the comparison of the early administrative pattern, we can better understand the main advantages and Webber system differences. Webber system and it is the most important mode of various before the difference: the rule-based impersonal system replaced the personification of administrative management system. An organization and its rules than any of the people are important organization. Bureaucracy is itsoperation and how to respond to customer must is personified. As Weber has demonstrated that the modern office management ", will be incorporated into various regulations deeply touched it. The modern public administration by law theory, to command certain affairs authority has been awarded the legitimate public authority. This does not grant an institution specific cases through some instructions. It only matters is abstractly control some issues. In contrast, through personal privileges and give concession regulation of all affairs. The latter is completely dominated by the hereditary system, at least these affairs is not the traditional infringement is this situation."It is very important. Early administration based on personal relationships, be loyal to relatives, protect, leaders or political, rather than on the system. Sometimes, the early administration is politically sensitive, because of the administrative organs of the staff is appointed, they also politicians arms or mainstream class. However, it is often autocratic, autocratic administration may be unfair, especially for those who can't or unwilling to input personal and political game. One of the basic principles for with weber impersonal system to completely eliminate autocratic - at least in ideal condition is so. File exists, the reference principle of parallel and legal basis in the same environment means will always make the same decision. Below this kind of circumstance is not only more efficient, and the citizen and bureaucratic hierarchy know myself.Other differences were associated with this. In various regulations and impersonal basis, will naturally formed strict hierarchy. Personal rating system and its provisions in the left unchanged. Although Webber emphasizes the entire system, but he also noticed the bureaucracy of the organization and individual term.The traditional administrative mode won great success, it is widely adopted by governments around the world. Theoretically or in practice, it shows the advantage. And before the corruption flourished, it is more efficient than system, and the thought of individual professionalization civil servants and amateur service has a great progress. However, this model is also exposed the problems that shows that the model can even said outdated, also can say is outdated.The theory of public administration has been difficult to describe the pillar. Political control theory has problems. Administrative means follow instructions, so people demand a well-ordered transceiver method. Instruction between implementers and has a clear division. But this is not the reality, and with the public service domain expands the scale and more impossible. The traditional mode of another theoretical pillar - bureaucracy theory is no longer considered particularly effective form of organization. Formal bureaucracy could have its advantages, but people think it often training to routineer and innovators, Encourage executives rather than risk aversion risk-taking, encourage them to waste instead of effective use of scarce resources. Webb was the bureaucracy is regarded as an ideal type ", "but now this ideal type is inert, cultivate the progressive, leads to low efficiency, these mediocrity and is believed to be the public sector of the special disease. It is also criticized. Actually, the word "bureaucracy in today's more likely as low efficiency of synonyms.The new public management modeIn the 1980s, the public sector is a traditional administrative pattern of new management methods of defects. This method can alleviate some of the problems of traditional pattern, also means that the public sector operation aspects has changed significantly. The new management method has many names: management of "individualism", "the new public administration", based on the market of public administration ", after the bureaucracy model "or" entrepreneurial government ". To the late 1990s, people tend to use "and the concept of new public administration". Although the new public management, but for many of the names of public management of department of actual changes happened, people still have a consensus. First, no matter what, it is called mode with traditional represents a significant change of public administration, different more attention and managers of the individual responsibility. Second, it is clear to get rid of the classical bureaucracy, thereby organization, personnel, term and conditions more flexible. Third, it stipulates the organization and personnel, and it can target according to the performance indicators measuring task completion. Also, to plan the assessment system for more than everbefore, and also can be more strictly determine whether the government plans to achieve its objectives. Fourth, the senior executives are more likely to color with political government work, rather than independent or neutral. Fifth, the more likely the inspection by the market, buyers of public service provider and distinguish "helmsman, with the rower to distinguish". Government intervention is not always refers to the government by means of bureaucracy. Sixth, appeared through privatization and market means such as inspection, contract of government function reduce trend. In some cases, it is fundamental. Once happened during the transformation from the important changes to all connected with this, the continuity of the steps are necessary.Holmes and Shand as a useful characteristics of generalization. They put the new public management paradigm, the good as management method has the following features: (1) it is a more strategic or structure of decision-making method (around the efficiency, quality and service). (2) decentralization type management environment replaced concentration level structure. The resource allocation and service delivery closer to supply, we can get more itself from the customers and related information and other interest groups. (3) can be more flexible to replace the method of public products supply directly, so as to provide cost savings of the policy. (4) concerned with the responsibility, authority as the key link of improving performance, including emphasize clear performance contract mechanism. (5) in the public sector, and between internal to create a competitive environment. (6) strengthen the strategic decision-making ability, which can quickly, flexible and low cost to manage multiple interests outside change and the response. (7) by request relevant results and comprehensive cost reports to improve transparency and responsibility. (8) general service budget and management system to support and encourage the change.The new public management and realize a result that no one in the best way. Managers in endowed with responsibility and without being told to get results. Decision is a management job duties, if not for achieving goals, managers should assume responsibility.ConclusionThe government management over the past 150 years experienced three modes. First is the personification of modern administrative mode, or when the pattern of its defects and increasingly exposed to improve efficiency, it is the second mode of traditional bureaucracy model is replaced. Similarly, when the traditional administrative mode problems, it is the third model is the new public management, from the government to alternative market. Since 1980s, the dominance of the market as the 1920s to 1960s dominant bureaucracy. In any kind of government, market and bureaucratic system are coexisting, just a form at some stage dominant, and in another stage of another kind of form, the dominant. The new public management is increasingly weakened and bureaucracy in the public administration field market dominant period.In reality, the market and bureaucracy, mutual complement each other. The new public management may not be completely replace the bureaucracy, as in 1989, the eastern Europe before bureaucracy could not instead of the market. But the new public management movement is early traditional bureaucracy, many functions can be and often by market now. In a bureaucracy system for organizational principle is weakened environment, market solutions will be launched. Of course not all market prescription can succeed, but this is not the issue. The government of new public management will be a toolbox dowsed solutions. If the scheme of the ineffective, the government will from the same source for other solutions. The theory behind the government management has already happened, we can use the term "paradigm" to describe it. In public administration academia, many of the new public management denial of critics. But their criticism of the government reform quickly. In the new public management mode, another a kind of new mode, but certainly not returned to the traditional administrative pattern.新公共管理的现状毫无疑问,世界上许多国家,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,在20世纪80年代后期和90年代初期都开始了一场持续的公共部门管理变革运动。

中国人民大学-法国鲁昂商学院国际MBA项目介绍项目概述院长寄语项目优势学位认证合作院校中国人民大学法国鲁昂商学院国际认证国际排名项目类型全日制国际MBA课程教学教学模式课程设置师资阵容学术师资国际师资企业导师师资感言学生风采学生构成学生感言学生活动申请就读如果申请联系我们项目概述INTRODUCTION人大鲁昂iMBA（国际工商管理硕士）项目是中国人民大学国际学院和法国鲁昂商学院（Rouen Business School）共同开设的国际性工商管理硕士学位项目，旨在培养具有跨文化教育背景的国际型精英管理人才。

项目属于国际性非盈利教育项目，受到中国人民大学、法国鲁昂商学院、法国鲁昂工商会的支持与资助，学生注册后可申请最高6000欧元的奖学金。

项目采用双导师制度，从学术与实践两方面促进学生的成长。

面向全球聘请世界著名教授与跨国企业领袖，建立实力雄厚的学术教授团队与经验丰富的企业教授团队。

其中不乏中国国家统计信息中心主任、中国建设部首席经济学家、法国国家议会首席审计师、法国路易威轩集团欧洲区总裁、中国三角轮胎集团总裁等不同领域的专家和领袖。

鲁昂商学院已获得EQUIS（欧洲质量发展认证体系）和AMBA（英国工商管理硕士协会）商学教育认证。

在这两项国际顶级MBA认证的基础上，法国鲁昂商学院已于2011年4月获得AACSB（管理教育国际联合会）认证，成为同时受国际三大认证的国际精英商学院。

此外，鲁昂商学院还是EFMD（管理发展欧洲基金会），AACSB（管理教育国际联合会）和法国精英学校联席会（La Conférence des GrandesEcoles）的成员。

全程英语授课，时刻强化学生对英语的应用能力，学生还可以选择参加法语强化学习，在毕业后成为掌握多种语言，了解多元文化的国际型人才。

迄今为止已经吸引众多国家的商业精英加入其中。

课程培养学生的不仅仅是面对复杂问题的管理能力、处理纷繁变化的创新能力、应对文化差异的沟通能力、掌控全局的全球视野，更练就了反思、分析、练达、合作和行动这五种在未来管理之路上必不可少的管理心态。

2010.9驻欧盟大使在中国欧盟商会晚餐会上的演讲双语在中国欧盟商会晚餐会上的演讲中国驻欧盟使团团长宋哲大使2010年9月22日Remarks by H. E. Ambassador Song Zhe at the EUCCC Dinner尊敬的戴杰会长，女士们，先生们：President Jacques de Boisséson,Ladies and Gentlemen,大家晚上好！Good evening.很高兴再次参加中国欧盟商会在布鲁塞尔组织的活动，与企业家朋友们见面。

此次是戴杰先生首次作为会长，代表中国欧盟商会，向中欧有关机构提交《欧盟企业在华建议书》。

我代表中国驻欧盟使团，对戴杰会长和中国欧盟商会表示衷心的感谢，并向长期以来为促进中欧友好做出重要贡献的欧洲企业家们，表示诚挚的问候和良好的祝愿！I am very happy to once again meet our friends from the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China (EUCCC.. Today is the first time for Mr. Boisséson to submit the Position Paper to relevant authorities both in China and the EU in the capacity as the Chamber President. On behalf of the China Mission, I wish to express my heartfelt appreciation to President Boisséson and the Chamber. I would also like to express my sincere greetings and best wishes to European entrepreneurs for your long standing contribution to China-EU friendship.再过十多天，布鲁塞尔将迎来第13次中欧领导人会晤和第6届中欧工商峰会。

中欧班列集结中心简介中欧班列集结中心是指中欧班列（China-Europe Freight Train）的集结和调度中心。

中欧班列是一种铁路货运服务，连接中国与欧洲国家，为跨境贸易提供了高效、可靠的运输方式。

中欧班列集结中心起到了组织、协调和优化中欧班列运营的重要作用，为促进中欧贸易、加强国际经济合作发挥了积极的推动作用。

功能中欧班列集结中心的主要功能包括以下几个方面：1.信息管理：中欧班列集结中心负责收集、管理和维护各个中欧班列的基本信息，包括起终点站、班次、运输线路、货物类型等。

通过信息管理系统，中欧班列集结中心能够及时了解各个班列的运行情况，为调度和运营提供及时准确的数据支持。

2.班列调度：中欧班列集结中心负责根据货物的需求和运力情况，合理安排班列的调度。

通过调度系统，中欧班列集结中心能够有效协调运力资源，最大程度地提高班列的利用率和效益。

3.资源协调：中欧班列集结中心通过与相关部门和企业的合作，协调各种运力资源，包括铁路运输、装卸设备、保税仓库等，以保证班列的正常运作和货物的及时安全运输。

4.客户服务：中欧班列集结中心为客户提供全方位的服务，包括货物预订、运价咨询、运输跟踪等。

通过客户服务系统，中欧班列集结中心与客户保持密切的联系，提供及时准确的信息反馈和问题解决，为客户提供便捷、高效的服务。

优势中欧班列集结中心相较于其他运输方式和咨询机构有以下优势：1.快速、可靠：中欧班列以铁路为主要运输方式，相较于海运和空运，具有更高的准点率和更短的运输时间。

通过中欧班列集结中心的优化调度和运作，可以进一步提高班列的运输效率，确保货物的准时、可靠送达。

2.货物多样化：中欧班列能够运输多种类型的货物，包括消费品、机电产品、汽车零部件、化工品等。

中欧班列集结中心可以根据不同货物的特点和需求，提供相应的运输方案和服务，确保货物的安全、高效运输。

3.成本节约：相较于海运和空运，中欧班列的运输成本较低。

中欧班列集结中心通过优化运输路线、提高装载率等措施，进一步降低了客户的运输成本，提升了竞争力。

欧盟就人民币汇率问题向中国施压欧洲财政官员在周日的会谈中向中国总理和央行官员表达了对僵化的人民币汇率的不满，但说他们估计政策在近期内不会改变。

European finance officials relayed to China's premier and central-bank governor frustration over the Chinese currency's rigid exchange rate at talks on Sunday, but said they didn't expect a change in policy soon.卢森堡首相、欧元区财政部长会议主席容克(Jean-Claude Juncker)在为期两天的欧盟与中国会谈之初对记者说，我们解释说，这个全球经济增长最快的国家正在贬值很难令我们的普通大众信服。

'We were explaining that it is difficult to convince our general public that the fastest-growing country in the world . . . is depreciating,' Jean-Claude Juncker of Luxembourg, chairman of the group of euro-zone finance ministers, told reporters at the start of a two-day European Union-China meeting.容克后来又说，我不能说我比来这里之前更加乐观了。

'I can't say I'm more optimistic than I was before coming here,' Mr. Juncker added later.人民币与美元联系紧密，而非欧元。