全新版大学英语Book 4 期末复习内容最新整理(U1-5)

2023全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）4第四册课后习题答案和翻译免全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 1 VocabularyI. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuckin12) approximately2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into3. 1)… incorporates all the latest safety features2) …two trees ten feet apart3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5) … are correlated in all racial groups4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words BlendsKilo kilogram Medicare medical careMemo memorandum email electronic mailgym gymnasium comsat communications satellitelib liberation newscast news broadcastdoc doctor skyjack sky hijackvet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollarprep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunchauto automobile telecast television broadcastflu influenza Oxbridge OxfordandCambridgeIII. 1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2.1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. Translation1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, todaythe application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 2 Part II Text Alexf OrganizationParts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-2 Introduction — Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleons military campaign againstRussiaPart Three Paras 12-20 Hitlers military campaign against theSoviet UnionPart Four Para 21 Conclusion—the elements of nature must be rekoned with in any military campaign.2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12-13 Hitlers blitzkrieg againstRussiaand Stalins scorched earth policySection Two Paras 14-18 the battles foughtatLeningrad,MoscowandStalingradSection Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warVocabularyI. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place inthe gloomy trenches ofFrance andBelgium.2) Elizabethmade careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work4) Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion2. stand in the way3. Conquest4. catching... off his guard5. launching6. declaration7. campaign 8. drag on9. reckon with 10. bringing...to a halt(B)1. allow2. reckoned3. highly4. forecasts5. rapidly6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take agamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 3 Content questions1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.4. Prepare to win.5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness -- backhand court.7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.9. His efforts to make a difference.10.He was offered a ride on a day whenMinnesotawas hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.12 Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants.Text Organization1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your own tracks in whatever you do.2.Suggestions Examples1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the Vietnamveteran.4) Find a way to make a difference. 4) aNew Yorkcabdriver.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings(5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating (8)hand-delivered(9) prepared (10) prospectiveLanguage FocusI. 1.1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner2.1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the Kings palace3) will be in readers hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.4.1)applicants,veteran, the prospective2)From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. behave2. used to avoid repetition3. Clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. study8. be enough9. be acceptableIII. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar inShanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back fromAustralia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.(1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond (9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up2.(1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice (7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitII. Translation1.1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2.Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible dont have much of a chance of success.2023全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）4第四册课后习题答案和翻译免费下载地址。

Unit 1Text A1.raw: adj. cold and wet; not cooked, refined, processed, organized or analyzedThe event took place on a raw February morning.This cutting board is only used to cut raw meat.Raw materials are the natural substances from whichindustrial products are made.unch: vt.1) startBeginning in the early 1960s, humans launched probes to explore other planets.This computer company launches a new product this year.2)send (sth.) on its courseOn October 4, 1957, Soviet scientists launched the world’s first artificial satelliteCollocation:launch an attack 发动战争launch a massive campaign 发动一场大规模的运动launch a company 开一家公司launch threats at sb. 向某人发出威胁launch into （积极有力地）开始launch out （精力充沛或戏剧性地）开始He launched into a long speech about the danger of taking drugs.She wants to be more than a singer and is launching out into films.3.campaign: n. a series of military operations or planned activities with a particular aimThe government is launching a massive campaign against corruption.The campaign against rats in our city got off to a good start.campaign, battle & war这三个词都是名词，均含有“战斗，战争”之意campaign 通常指在一场大的战争中，某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动，也可作引申用。

Unit1Text ALanguage Sense Enhancement1.the fierce resistance2.the long march3.the devastating enemy4.bleakunched6. military might7.mowed down8.campaign9.a painful lesson10.the aidLanguage FocusV ocabularyI.1.1)alliance2)at the cost of3)stroke4)limp5)minus6)regions7)declaration8)siege9)raw10)bide his time11)have taken their toll12)in the case of2.1)is faced with2)get bogged down3)is pressing on/pressed on4)drag on5)get by6)dineout7)have cut back8)get through3.1)head to the conquest of cancer in the near future2)has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock worker’sstrike3)will/should never get in the way of her career4)caught the foreign minister off guard5)of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete4.1)Being faced with/the occupation of/regions2)crucial to/efficient/to reckon with/weaken/be brought to a halt3)a heroic/the decisive/turned the tide/siege/by launchingII.M ore Synonyms in the Context1)During the First W orld W ar,battles occurred here and there over vast areas.Some of the mostdramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2)Elizabeth make careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/home-work paid off.3)I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement,but he turned a deaf ear to all mywords.4)Pneumonia had severely weakened her body,and I wondered how her fragile body couldwithstand the harsh weather.age1)fall ill2)lay dead from a heart attack3)dropped dead from a heart attack4)fell asleep5) marrying young6)to sit still for longer than a few minutesComprehensive ExercisesI.1.1)invasion2)stand in the way3)catching…off his guard4)launching5)declaration6)campaign7)drag on8)reckon with9)bringing10)to al halt2.1)allow2)reckoned3)highly4)forecasts5)rapidly6)instant7)delivery8)advantage9)observing10)powerfulII.1.1)Mr.Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on thefarm.2)W e must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticatedweapons.3)Having been out of a job for3months,Phil is increasingly getting desperate.4)Sam,as the project manager is decisive,efficient and accurate in his judgment.5)Since the chemical plant was identified as a source of pollution,the village neighborhoodcommittee decided to close it at the cost of100jobs.2.The offensive had lasted three days,but we had not gained much ground.The divisioncommander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launcha surprise attack.To do this we have to cross a marshland,and many of us were afraid wemight get bogged down in the mud.Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble.Luckily enough,thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze over,we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear.This had turned the tide of the battle.The enemy,caught off guard,soon surrendered.Text BComprehension Check1.d d b a b dT ranslation1.6⽉月5⽇日被选为进攻⽇日，是因为要留留下⼀一个安全量量，以防万⼀一进攻需要推迟。

大学英语全新版第四册Students will be able to:1.Develop reading skills—grasp the main idea (The elements of nature must bereckoned with in any military campaign) and structure;2.Develop writing skills—learn to provide evidence when you are writing an essay;3.Learn the language—master the key language points and grammatical structuresin the text;4.Integrate the four skills—conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking andwriting activities related to the theme of the unit.We devote 8 teaching periods (plus 2 periods of after-class students’autonomous learning in the Self-Access Center) to cover Unit 1, whichText A The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1. Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)Emperor of the French, who consolidated and institutionalized (使制度化)many reforms of the French Revolution. One of the greatest military commanders of all time, he conquered the larger part of Europe.During 1802-1815 Napoleon tried to gain control of the whole of Europe. He had great success against all his enemies except Britain, whose navy under Nelson defeated the French navy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and whose army fought the Peninsular War against him from 1808 to 1814, making him weaker in his other campaigns. In 1812 Napoleon lost half a million men when he invaded Russia in winter, and in 1814 the British, Russians, Prussians and Austrians entered Paris. They sent Napoleon to rule the island of Elba in the Mediterranean, but he collected an army around him and returned to Paris. He was soon defeated again, at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and was sent to the island of St. Helena in the south Atlantic, where he died in 1821.2. Adolf Hitler (1889?-1945)German political and military leader and one of the 20th century’s most powerful dictators. He converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched World War II in 1939.He hoped to conquer the world, and for a time dominated most of Europe and much of North Africa. He instituted sterilization (消毒杀菌)and euthanasia(安乐死) measures to enforce his idea of racial purity among the German people and slaughtered millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma (Gypsies), Slavic peoples, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior.3. A brief introduction to WWIIAdolf Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September,1939 ignited (点燃) World War II. One by one, Europe’s nations fell before Germany’s mechanized armies. Only Britain held firm. While the Allies(同盟国) conferred(协商), treachery (背叛) approached from the East. On December 7th, 1941, Japanese planes attacked Pearl Harbor. The next day, the United States entered the war. Fighting continued for almost four more years, spreading to North Africa and the Pacific. On D- Day, June 6,1944, Allied troops began the liberation of Europe. Within a year, Germanysurrendered. To subdue (使sb屈服) Japan, the US dropped atomic atoms on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan formally surrendered on Sept.2,1945. WWII claimed more than 27 million lives.Discussion: Man or nature, which is more powerful?1) Ss are divided into two groups. One group lists instances where man conquers nature; the other group comes up with cases where the forces of nature are too powerful to be resisted.2) Several Ss from both groups report their respective lists to class;3) T solicits opinions from other Ss: man or nature, which do you think more powerful?4)Conclusion: Man changes nature in order to live. However, man must also be careful not to disregard the laws of nature. When Napoleon and Hitler finally realized their arrogance, it was too late.1. A Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two InvasionsT asks Ss to provide information based on Text A:Invading countries?Country invaded?Starting time of the two invasions?Strength of invading forces?Prediction?Initial resistance strategies?Capture of the Russian capital?Major battles?Biggest enemy for the invading forces?Turning point ?Fate of the invading forces ?War-starters’ fate?2. Text divisionT guides Ss to analyze Text A. The text can be divided into four parts, as can be easily seen from the subtitles provided by the author.Part One (Paras 1-2): Introduction —Both Napoleon’s and Hitler’s military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two (Paras 3-11): Napoleon’s military campaign against RussiaPart Three (Paras 12-20): Hitler’s military campaign against the Soviet Union Part Four (Para 21): Conclusion — The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.1.in the case of: as far as … is concernedThe rise in interest rate will be disastrous in the case of small firms.2.stand / get / be in the way: prevent from doing sth.Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interest should never get in the way of her career.I don’t think kids have as much fun as we used to. Fierce competition keepsgetting in the way of their development.unch: start; send sth. on its courseOn October 4, 1957, Soviet scientists launched the world’s first artificial satellite.In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union.4.be / get bogged down: be unable to make progressIf you let yourself get bogged down in homework, you’ll never find time to read books.The local government got bogged down in problems of how to handle the air pollution.5.engage: begin fighting with sb.; take part in or do; occupy or attract sb’sinterest; etcI have no time to engage in gossip.The commander ordered the soldiers to engage the enemy immediately.We failed to engage any active support for our project.6.crucial: very important (followed by to)Surprisingly, our soccer team won the victory in the crucial final game.Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization.7.take a gamble: take a riskI think she’s taking a gamble investing all her money in stocks.The company took a gamble by cutting the price of their products, and it paid off.8.press on / ahead: continue doing sth. in a determined way (used in the pattern:press on / ahead with sth.)Despite fierce opposition, the government is pressing on with its campaign to eliminate corruption.9.bide one’s time: wait patiently for a chanceHis political rivals are biding their time for an attack on his policies. 10.drag on: move slowly and with effort; continue endlessly and tediouslyHow much longer is the meeting going to drag on?11.stroke: any of a series of repeated movements; blowI saw a chance of solving all my problems at a stroke.By a stroke of good luck, Tom, who had been buried in the rubble for more than26 hours, came out alive.12.at the cost of: with the loss ofThe soldier saved the girl at the cost of his own life.The local government developed its economy but at the cost of environment.13.catch sb. off guard: take sb. by surpriseThe repor ter’s question caught the foreign minister off guard.The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard.14.instruct: give orders or directions to sb. (used in the patterns: instruct sb.to do sth.; instruct sb. that); teach sb. (used in the pattern: instruct sb.in / on sth.)My parents instructed me to start early.The professor instructed us that we had one month to conduct the project.He instructed family members in nursing techniques.15.render: cause to be in a specified condition (same as make)Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the flood.He was rendered unconscious by a blow on the back of the neck.16.bring to a halt: stop completelyProduction in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials.17.turn the tide (against): change what looks like defeat into victorySoviet victory in Stalingrad turned the tide of the war in Europe.18.thanks to: because ofThanks to her financial support, the two children in the remote village could go to school.Thanks to their tireless efforts, the performance was a great success.19.reckon: count; consider; thinkMany people reckon him to be a great football player.reckon with: take… into considerationAll these problems had to be reckoned with as they arose.20.toll: the number of people or animals killed or injured in particularcircumstances; money paid for the use of a bridge or roadThe toll of road deaths and injuries is on the rise.The local government was allowed to charge tolls for the use of the roads.I. Useful Expressions1. 骄兵必败 pride comes before a fall2. 战无不胜 nothing could stand in their way3. 奋勇抵抗 fierce resistance4. 堪称无敌 be unequaled5. 痛苦的教训 a painful lesson6. 速决速胜 a quick, decisive victory7. 面临着一个重要抉择be faced with a crucial decision8. 孤注一掷take the gamble9. 激战fierce battle10. 等待时机bide one’s time11. 向…提出停战offer a truce to12. 成为一场噩梦turn into a nightmare13. 拖着脚步行进drag on14. 溃不成军的幸存者the tattered survivors15. 不宣而战without a declaration of war16. 闪电式战略lightning war17. “焦土”政策“scorch the earth”18. 处境变得危急the situation becomes desperate19. 食品匮乏food runs out20. 耐得住寂寞 a tolerance for solitude21. 自给自足self-sufficiency22. 抵制诱惑resist the temptation to do sth23. 怆然离去leave with a feeling of sorrow24. 自豪感 a sense of pride25. 一旦经济形势好转once economic conditions improveII. Spot DictationIn the spring of 1812, Napoleon ____1___ an army of six hundred thousand men on the borders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained,___2____ , and well equipped. Shortly afterwards, Napoleon’s army crossed the Neman River into Russia. In August, the French and Russian armies ___3___ at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand dead on each side. Napoleon __4____ of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away.On September 7, 1812, the French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112 kilometers west of Moscow. Again, the Russian army retreated to safety. Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the __5__of the city became an empty victory. Napoleon soon realized he could not feed, clothe, and ___6___ his army in Moscow during the winter. In October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow. At the Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French by burning the bridges over the ___7____ river. But Napoleon, by a stroke of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of French soldiers escaped, but at the cost of fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina, the __8___ survivors limped toward Vilna.III. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box below. Change the form where necessary.Alliance\limp\declaration\heroic\minus\region\siege\stroke1.The Labor Party’s ele ctoral strategy, which was based on a tactical__with other smaller parties, has proved successful.2. The New York fire fighters’__deeds in rescuing the September 11 victims were celebrated across the country.3. By a __of good luck, Carol, who had been buried in the rubble for more than 20 hours, came out alive.4. My brother was not badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had to __around fora few weeks.5. The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures of __65 degrees Celsius andplus 120 degrees.6. Tax incentives will be used to attract companies to the western __of our country away from the east coast.7. The opening speeches sounded more like__of war than offerings of peace.8. After a three-day __ by the police, the terrorists who had seized the restaurant had to give in.Key to Spot Dictation:1. assembled2. efficient3. engaged4. took the game5. occupation6. quarter7. swollen8. tatteredKey to Exercise III:1. alliance2.heroic3.stroke4.limp5.minus6.regions7.declarations 8.siegeUnit 2 Smart CarsStudents will be able to:5.Develop reading skills—understand the main idea and the structure ofthe text;6.Develop writing skills—learn some techniques in expository writing (definition,quotes, a mixture of facts and opinions, etc.);7.Learn the language—grasp the key language points and grammaticalstructures;8.Integrate the four skills—conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking andwriting activities related to the theme of the unit.We devote 8 teaching periods (plus 2 periods after-class of students’ autonomousText A Smart CarsMichio Kaku1. automobile industryThe automobile industry is one of the most important industries in the world, affecting not only economies but also cultures. It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues, and provides the basis for a multitude of related service and support industries. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business.The automobile has enabled people to travel and transport goods farther and faster, and has opened wider market areas for business and commerce. The auto industry has also reduced the overall cost of transportation by using methods such as mass production (making several products at once, rather than one at a time), mass marketing (selling products nationally and globally rather than locally), and globalization of production (assembling products with parts made worldwide).Between 1886 and 1898, about 300 automobiles were built, but there was no real established industry. A century later, with automakers and auto buyers expanding globally, automaking became the world’s largest manufacturing activity, with more than 53 million new vehicles built each year worldwide.Automobile manufactures are among the largest companies in the world. These corporations are often multinational. These companies often share parts, or use parts made in foreign factories. The U.S. automobile industry produced 16.8 million vehicles in 1999.The three major automobile manufactures in the United States −General Motors Corporation, Ford Motor Company, and Daimler Chrysler AG −provide three-fourths of the industry’s total direct employment in the United States.At the start of the 21st century, the trends of global trade and manufacturing flexibility continue. Computerization continues to be a major part of auto design and manufacture, as do the search for alternative fuels and more efficient automobile designs.2. Global Positioning System (GPS): space-based radio-navigation system, consisting of 24 satellites and ground support. GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions.GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time that a signal is sent and the time it is received. GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that provide extremely accurate time. The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast. The signal contains data that a receiver uses to compute the locations of the satellites and to make other adjustments needed for accurate positioning. The receiver uses the time difference between the time of signal reception and the broadcast time to compute the distance, or range, from the receiver to the satellite. The receiver must account for propagation delays, or decreases in the signal’s speed caused by the ionosphere and the troposphere, with information about the ranges to three satellites and the location of the satellite when the signal was sent, the receiver can compute its own three-dimensional position.As of March 1994,24 GPS satellites were in operation. Replenishment satellites are ready for launch, and contracts have been awarded to provide satellites into the 21st century. GPS applications continue to grow in land, sea, air, and space navigation. The ability to enhance safety and to decrease fuel consumption will make GPS an important component of travel in the international airspace system. Airplanes will use GPS for landing at fogbound airports. Automobiles will use GPS as part of intelligent transportation systems. Emerging technologies will enables GPS to determine not only the position of a vehicle but also its altitude.3. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS): advanced electronics, communications, and computer systems that increase the efficiency and safety of highway transportation. Originally known as Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems (IVHS), these technologies can provide real-time information exchange between drivers andthe roads, giving rise to the terms “smart cars” and “smart highways.” As the technologies have expanded to include public transportation and commercial vehicles, this range of technologies has become known as the Intelligent Transportation System. Increasingly, drivers will have access to up-to-the-minute information on traffic conditions, alternate routes, and directions to unfamiliar destinations. Ultimately, vehicle control may be automated.A résuméis a concise business-style report that displays your job qualifications to a prospective employer. Typically, information is grouped under the six headings: 1.Heading −Include your name, address, phone number, and e-mail address. Don’tdate the resume; it will then become obsolete more quickly that it otherwise would.2.Employment objective − State your immediate work goal and the direction youhope your career will takecation − List relevant facts of your college education. Note any academichonors such as a scholarship.4.Employment Experience − Highlight your full-time, part-time, volunteer, andsummer work experience. Mention any promotions or raises you’ve received. 5.Professional Interests − Cite membership in professional organizations. Inaddition, note any special skills such as training in lifesaving or fluency ina foreign language.6.References − Indicate that they will be furnished on request.Below are some more tips:1.Capitalize the headings to make them stand out on the page.2.To condense information, use phrases and clauses rather than complete sentences.3.List your most recent education and employment experience first and then workbackward so the employer can quickly gauge what you’ve done recently.4.Don’t try to cram too much material onto a page. Ample white space is important.Sample:1) Personal DetailsFiona Scott52 Hanvor StreetEdinburgh EH2 5LMScotlandPhone: 0131 449 0237E-mail: Fiona.scott@2) Education1991~1992 London Chamber of Commerce andIndustry Diploma in Public Relations1988~1991 University of London,BA in journalism and Media Studies3) ProfessionalExperiences1995~present Public Relations Office, Scottish NatureTrust Responsible for writing articles on all aspects ofTrustee’s activities1992~1995 Press Office, HighlandsTourist BoardPreparation of promotional materials and brochuresSummer of The Glasgow Tribune newspaper1990 and 1991 Two three-month training periods as assistant to the Sports EditorArranging and conducting interviews4) SkillsIT Office 2000 and Windows NT, Excel, Internet, PowerPointLanguage Fluent German and proficient in FrenchAdditional Driving license5) ActivitiesCross-country skiing, rock climbing and swimmingActivities for disabled children6) References Geoffrey Williams Professor of Journalism Brenda Denholm Sports Editor(The first 2 periods)1.Warm-up questions:1)Do you know these logos? (T shows Ss auto logos and Ss say the brands.)2)If you could afford a car, would you buy one?2.S s l e a r n V e h i c l e-R e l a t e d W o r d s3.L i s t e n i n g a n d S p e a k i n gS s l isten to the passage “Cars of the future” and say what changes will makedriving:Cleaner? Safer? More comfortable?4.T introduces the major focus of the auto design in the future Greener CarsElectric Car; Hybrid Car;5.Background information related to Text A:Automobile IndustryGlobal Positioning SystemIntelligent Transportation SystemAssignment:Ss design their own ideal cars of the future.(The 3rd and 4th periods)6.Ss make prepared speeches.7.An Analysis of Text OrganizationSs skim text A and then fill in the blanks.8.Further Understanding1) Questions about Part One and Part Two2) Writing techniques used in this expository writing: listing facts,definitions;nguage Points and Explanation of Some Difficult SentencesAssignment:Ss finish some of the after-text exercises.(The 5th and 6th periods)10.T checks on Ss’ homework (oral and written)11.Writing Strategy −How to write a résumé12.Listening Practice −Computer RecyclingAssignment:1)Ss finish all the after-text exercises.2)Home Reading: Text B;3)Ss preview Text A of the next unit.1. 计算机革命the computer revolution2. 制造业manufacturing industry3. 长途车司机long-distance driver4. 被严重低估be grossly underestimated5. 威胁生命的重大隐患life-threatening hazard6. 解决问题cure the problem7. 积极的影响 a positive impact (on)8. 与无线电信号调谐be tuned to radio signals9. 在任何一个特定时间at any given time10. 量子理论法则the laws of the quantum theory11. 精确的频率precise frequency12. 发出无线电信号send out a radio signal13. 换算出be converted into14. 导航能力navigational capability15. 几乎无限virtually limitless16. 手杖walking sticks17. 遥控remote control18. 潜在的应用potential use / application19. 要求call for20. 完全控制take complete control of21. 被编成组be bunched into groups22. 一齐行驶travel in unison23. 对环保有利1.汽车确实对我们大有用处，但也带来了一些危害，比如噪音、空气污染以及公路死亡事故。

全新版大学英语综合教程4引言全新版大学英语综合教程4是一本为中国的大学生设计的英语教材。

该教材涵盖了听说读写四个方面的技能，旨在帮助学生提高他们的英语水平。

本文将对全新版大学英语综合教程4进行详细介绍。

教材结构全新版大学英语综合教程4共分为十个单元，每个单元包含不同的主题和语言点。

教材的每个单元都侧重于培养学生的语言运用能力，并通过不同的听力、口语、阅读和写作任务来提升学生的综合英语能力。

教材的结构如下：1.Unit 1: Education2.Unit 2: Technology3.Unit 3: Environment4.Unit 4: Health5.Unit 5: Culture6.Unit 6: Media7.Unit 7: Travel8.Unit 8: Business9.Unit 9: Society10.Unit 10: Future每个单元包含以下几个部分：•Reading: 通过阅读文章来提高学生的阅读理解能力，并学习相关词汇和语法。

•Listening: 提供一系列与主题相关的听力材料，帮助学生提高听力技巧和理解能力。

•Speaking: 给学生机会通过对话、辩论和演讲来提高口语表达能力。

•Writing: 提供写作任务，培养学生的写作技巧和文法运用能力。

教学方法全新版大学英语综合教程4采用了多种教学方法，以促进学生的积极参与和学习效果。

以下是教材中常用的教学方法：1.任务型教学：通过给学生有指导性的任务，鼓励学生主动参与，并培养他们的语言运用能力。

2.合作学习：通过小组合作和团体活动，鼓励学生相互合作和交流，以提高他们的口语表达能力。

3.情景教学：通过真实的情景和情境来教授语言知识，帮助学生更好地理解和运用英语。

教材特点全新版大学英语综合教程4具有以下几个特点：1.主题丰富多样：教材涵盖了教育、科技、环境、健康、文化、媒体、旅游、商业、社会和未来等各种主题，使学生在学习英语的同时了解各个领域的知识。

Unit 1 This Year It's Going to Be DifferentVocabulary (A)1. (d) boundless: without limits , unlimited2. (g) shriek: cry out with a high sound3. (a) sketch: a rough drawing4. (h) curiosity: the desire to know, find out or learn5. (b) doctor’s kit: a bag or box containing doctor’s instruments and medicine6. (c) pajamas: jacket and trousers for sleeping in7. (i) creativity: the ability to produce new and original ideas and / or things8. (j) garbage: waste material9. (e) cross-examine: question somebody very closely or severely10. (f) accomplish: finish successfully, succeed in doingVocabulary (B)1. admiration:a feeling of respect and approval for a person2. tiptoe: walk on one's toes with the rest of one's feet off ground3. spontaneous: acting immediately from natural feeling4. compliment: an expression of praise , admiration or respect5. escapement: the part of a clock or a watch which controls the moving parts inside6. jovially: in a friendly way, good-humouredly7. carve: cut (wood or stone) into a special shape8. whittle: cut (wood) to a smaller size by taking off small thin pieces9. commotion: great and noisy confusion or excitement10. considerate: thoughtful as far as the feelings or needs of others are concerned11. snarl: speak in an angry , bad-tempered way12. sprawl: stretch out oneself or one’s limbs in a lying or sitting positionUnit 2 SalvationVocabulary (A)1. pray:speak(usually silently) to God, showing love, giving thanks or asking for something2. was escorted: was taken3. moan: low soundof pain or suffering4. dire: terrible5. knelt: go down and/or remain on the knees6. jet-black: very dark or shiny black7. rocked: shook or or moved gently8. serenely: calmly or peacefully9. grin: smile broadly10. deceive: make sb. believe sth. that is falseVocabulary (B)1. preach: give a religious talk, usually as part of a service in church2. by leaps and bounds: very quickly3. rhythmical: marked by regular succession of weak and strong stresses, accents, movements4. sermon: a talk usually based on a sentence or “verse”from the Bible and preached as part of a church service5. braided: twisted together into one plait6. work-gnarled: twisted , with swollen joints and rough skin as from hard work or old age7. rounder: a person who lives a vicious life, a habitual drunkard8. take his (i.e. , god's) name in vain: use god's name in cursing , speak of god without respect9. punctutate: interrupt from time to time with sth.10. ecstatic: causing great joy and happinessUnit 3 Writing between the linesVocabulary (A)1. contend: argue,claim2. mutilation: destruction3. purchase: buying4. possession: ownership5. transfer: move from one place to another6. dog-eared: having the corners of the pages turned up or down with use so that they look like a dog's ears7. intact: whole because no part has been touched or spoilt8. indispensable : absolutely , essential9. scratch pad : loosely joined sheets of paper (a pad) for writing notes10. sacred : to be treated with great respectVocabulary (B)1. bluntly: plainly , directly2. Restrain: hold back (from doing sth.)3. dilapidated: broken and old; falling to pieces4. scribble: write hastily or carelessly5. unblemished: not spoiled , as new6. crayon: pencil of soft colored chalk or wax , used for drawing7. symphony: a musical work for a large group of instruments8. typography: the arrangement , style and appearance of printed matter9. humility: humble state of mind10. receptacle: a containerUnit 4 Network Designer — Tim Berners-LeeVocabulary (A)1. (c) zip off: move away with speed2. (f) unencumbered: not obstructed3. (j) nifty: clever4. (a) loose: let out5. (d) noodle around: play about6. (b) span: extend across7. (h) debut: make first public appearance8. (e) the élite: a group of people with a high professional or social level9. (g) juncture: a particular point in time10. (i) sparse: inadequately furnishedVocabulary (B)1. exotic: striking or unusual in appearance2. hack: a person paid to do hard and uninteresting work3. stint: fixed amount of work4. random: chance , unplanned , unlooked for5. reside: be present ( in some place)6. access: the opportunity or right to use or see sth.7. cobble: put together quickly or roughly8. lingua franca: language or way of communicating which is used by people do notspeak the same native language9. quintessential: the most typical10. unconventionally: doing things not in the accepted way11. Compromise: sth. That is midway between two different things12. cash in on: profit from; turn to one's advantageUnit 5 AntarcticaVocabulary (A)1. radiate: send out (lights) in all directions2. appreciate: understand fully3. outweigh: are greater than4. hemmed in :surrounded5. habitation: a place to live in6. obscure: make difficult to see7. shatter: break suddenly into small pieces8. haul up: pull up with some effort9. pore: very small opening in the skin through which sweat may pass10. unveiling: discovering, learning aboutVocabulary (B)1. distinctive: clearly marking a person or thing different from others2. spectacular: striking, out of the ordinary, amazing to see3. phenomenon: thing in nature as it appears or is experienced by the senses4. tenure: right of holding (land)5. tempestuous: very rough, stormy6. inclined: likely, tending to, accustomed to7. precipitation: (the amount of) rainfall, snow etc. which has fallen onto the ground8. disintegrate: break up into small particles or pieces, come apart9. granules: small pices like fine grains10. mercury: a heavy silver-white metal which is liquid at ordinary temperature and is used in scientific instruments such as thermometers11. disrupt: upset, disturb12. cushion: paddingUnit 6 The PearlVocabulary (A)1. (f) brush house: house made of small branches2. (i) pulsing and vibrating: beating steadily (as the heart does) and moving rapidly, here “active”, “alert”3. (b) strangle out: get the words out with difficulty in their keenness to speak4. (j) sting: a wound in the skin caused by the insect5. (e) giggle: laugh, not heartily, but often in a rather embarrassed way6. (a) alms-giver: person who gives money, food and clothes to poor people(NB: nowa rather old-fashioned concept)7. (c) residue: that which remains after a part disappears, or is taken or used(here, a metaphor using a chemical term)8. (d) lust: very strong, obsessive desire9. (h) withheld: deliberately refused10. (g) venom: (liquid) poisonVocabulary (B)1. scramble: move, possible climb, quickly and often with some difficulty2. dart: move forward suddenly and quickly3. panting: breathing quickly4. foaming: forming white mass of small air bubbles5. baptize: perform the Christian religious ceremony of baptism, i.e., of acceptance into the Christian Church6. judicious: with good judgment7. fat hammocks: (here) the doctor’s thick eyelids8. cackle: laugh or talk loudly and impleasantly9. semblance: appearance, seeming likeness10. squint: look with almost closed eyes11. speculation: thoughts of possible profits12. distillate: product of distillationUnit 11、每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以以免吵醒邻居.Every time when he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs, trying not to waken his neighbors.2、为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地帮她把行李搬进屋子。

Unit11. 1) A entertaining B entertainment C entertained D entertainer2) A recognizable B recognized C recognition D3) A tempting B temptation C tempt4) A reasoned B reasoning C reasonable D reason5) A analyzed B analytical C analyst D analysis6) A valuable B valuation C valued/values D values7) A humorist B humor C humorous D humorless8) A understandable B understanding C understand D misunderstood2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint9) to be the focus/center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed7) individually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice13) directly 14) followed 15) troubleUnit2Step OneColumn A: through;up;draw;teen;hand;birth;chair;rag;ever;over;long;self;mile;type;wellColumn B: day;man;eared;ready;conscious;back;distance; beat; lift; age;due;stone; out; wishing;Writer/writtenThe Compound Words created :throughout;upbeat, uplift;drawback;teenage;handout, handwritten; birthday,birthstone;chairman;rag-eared;ever-ready;overdue, overage;long-distance, long-eared;self-conscious;mileage, milestone;typewriter, typewritten; well-wishing, well-writtenStep Two1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 5) typewriter6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage3. 1) thrives 2) strategy 3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous 6) sincere7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized 11) lingered12) acknowledged4. column 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C tough 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A6. 1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strangeUnit 3Understanding the Organization of the Text(1) Introduction (para 1)It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, andinterests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredityand culture.(2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4)Supporting evidenceA. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2)i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process.ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudesand go on to higher achievement.iii) Two examples:a. In many of the former all-women’s colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and activeparticipation by women students had diminished noticeably.b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classroomsin recent years.B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para.3)i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class.ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task ofputting the materials away.C. Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teacher’ assumption. (para4)i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected tohave better verbal and reading skills.ii) Three examples:a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine,fall behind from then on.b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who develop reading problems.c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading.(3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5)A. Supporting evidence:i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much wider area than girl preschoolers.ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears ofthe world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to bemore dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, and more anxiousabout being right in their answers than in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original.C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the child’s wak ing hours, society reinforces itsestablished values and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold.V ocabulary1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate2.conscious- unconsciousencourage- discouragedirectly- indirectlysexist – nonsexistdependent- independentpositive – negativesuperior - inferiorbiased – fairlimited – unlimitedappropriately- inappropriately3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) B4. 1) turn out2) carry over3) calling on4) put away5) fallen behind6) take overunit4Reading Comprehension1. 1) Introduction(para 1)It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents can encouragecreativity in children.2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3)A. The strategy:To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new ideas.B. The significance for adopting the strategy:If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able tofunction in tomorrow’s society.3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5)A. Who successful students and adults are:Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.B. What creative people can do:They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good forsomething.4) A big problem in school (para. 6)The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can’t figureout ways to apply what they know in new situations.5) A new approach to teaching (para 7)A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where students mustuse their imaginations.B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ideas andnew thoughts.C. How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which there is norisk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and valued,never scorned or dismissed.6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10)A. To involve children in decision making.B. To help children to understand the consequences of various decisions.C. To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. The reasonfor doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills.D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can seecreativity in its purest form.E. To give children choices from their earliest age.Examples:a. When they are very young, let them choose between two food items forlunch.b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spendtheir money.V ocabulary3. 1) dismiss 2) consequences 3) promoting 4) applies 5) vital 6) scorned7) conventional 8) original4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determined 5) Imagination6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique 11) vulnerable12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain 15) ApplyUnit5Understanding the organization of the text1) Introduction (para. 1)Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good or bad ones.2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5)The author’s arguments:A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model whileaccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete.(para. 2)B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn’t mean I am perfect. (para. 3)C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4)a. He influences people’s lives in a positive w ay.b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him.c. He displays the values like honesty and determination.D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parentstry to teach their children. (para. 5)3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don’t want to be rolemodes. (para. 6-7)A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal.Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside JesusChrist. (para. 6)B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling.2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can’t go anywherewit hout being the center of attention and I can’t even buy amotorcycle I really want. (para. 7)4) Conclusion (para 8-9)The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad.A. It’s a great feeling to think you are part of the reaso n that a id decided to tryto be good.B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings.C. Charles Barkley is a good role model.V ocabulary2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to8) look up to 9) Let’s face it 10) you name it3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlivedUNIT 71. belief – doubt deep- shallow learn- unlearn shame- pride inadequate-adequatesuccess- failure boring- interesting dependent-independent mediocre-excellent uselessuseful well-informed ---- ill-informed smart- dull painful-painless imaginativeunimaginative2. 1) deprived of 2) for the sake of 3) get away with 4) dropped out 5) by no means6) got down to 7) distinguish…from 8) look back on 9) gone through10) after all 11) be rid of 12) on my own3.choice secure hear who keep while now This pressure expecting testswithin had catch marks patents obtain/get teachers relax shapeUNIT 81. C E B D A F2. relearn再学习regain收回，重新获得redo 重做，再做rewrite重写，改写rearrange重新整理reclaim要求归还，收回remodel重新塑造，改变replace取代rephrase重新措辞rejoin 再结合，在加入reform 改革readjust 重新调整reunited（使）再结合rebroadcast 转播，重播reread 再读review 复习3. B A D A D C A A A BUNIT 91. 1) observation 2) available 3) discoveries 4) acceptance 5) experimentation6) inventions 7) evolution 8) adaptable 9) innovative 10) objectivity2. 1) out of the ordinary 2) preceded 3) To be exact 4) Contradict(ed) 5) Prosperity COLUMN A COLUMN Binvention inventavailable AvailInnovation InnovateAdaptable AdaptDiscovery DiscoverAcceptance AcceptEvolution EvolveObjectivity ObjectiveObservation ObserveExperimentation ExperimentProsperity Prosperdisastrous disaster6) Gave birth to 7) Catch our breath 8) had in mind 9) proposed 10) converted 11) disastrous 12) negative3. 1) She had hardly sat down2) Especially if/ when you want to reserve a seat3) is not necessarily the most useful4) What sort/kind of person do you have in mind5) There’s a limit on the time6) Spend part of his childhood7) three times as many girls as boys8) as do most of the people who live in this village9) but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere10) Depite/ In spite of international pressure。