英语二自学串讲

6）他对妻⼦要离开他的威胁没有在意。

He took no notice of his wife's threat to leave him. 7）这个由10⼈组成的委员会⼀致⽀持这⼀决定。

The panel / committee / board consisting of /（which was）composed of/（which was）made up of/which consisted of/ten/10 member supported the decision with one voice / all supported the decision. 8）科学家们将不得不提出增加世界粮⾷供应的新办法。

Scientists will have to come up with new methods of increasing the world's food supply. 9）企业必须对市场需求敏感。

Enterprises must be sensitive to the demand of the market. 10）⾼薪和福利都不能取悦⼯⼈们。

Neither the benefits nor the high pay appeals to / pleases the workers. Neither the high pay nor the benefits appeal to / please the workers. 11）每个⼈都可以培养⾃⼰的兴趣。

Everybody can cultivate / take to his （own） interests. 12）除了英语，他们还得学⼀门第⼆外语。

In addition to / Besides English， they have to learn a second foreign language. 13）⼆⼗世纪六⼗年代美国民间⾳乐除表现爱情与希望外，还表现反战情绪。

自考00015英语（二）串讲资料（3）第七题：英译汉主要特点：综合考查词汇和语法，注意定语从句、状语从句、比较级、倒装句的理解。

阅卷要求：根据总体印象打分，分为15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五个档次。

只要译文大体准确通顺即可得分，不要求译得非常漂亮。

结语知己知彼，百战不殆！II.重点语法复习动词时态和语态非谓语动词虚拟语气定语从句和名词性从句1.动词主要时态和语态表一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时主动：do did will do被动：are done were done will be done现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时主动：are doing were doing will be doing被动：are being done were being done现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时主动：have done had done will have done被动：have been done had been done现在完成进行时主动：have been doing动词主要时态的意义及运用现在完成时，过去完成时和将来完成时英语提示语：up to now，so far，for three years，since 1995，over past ten years，by the end of this week，by the year of 1995汉语提示语：已经，早已，了e.g.We haven‘t met each other since last year.By the end of this week，we‘ll have finished the task.现在完成进行时从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。

汉语提示语：一直e.g.The water has been running the whole night. 过去完成时said，reported，thought。

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

主要内容 试卷分析和最新出题思路 重点语法 备考要诀及学习⽅法 最新英语（⼆）试卷主观题统计数据 考题 满分 平均分 单词拼写 10 2.48 词形填空 10 2.17 汉译英 15 5.53 英译汉 15 10.75 总分 50 20.93 最新出题思路 （1）与课⽂的关系 往年与课⽂有关的⼤题：第⼀、第四、第五和第六⼤题 近年与课⽂有关的⼤题：第四和第六⼤题 建议：熟读课⽂，掌握课⽂中的⼤纲词汇，特别留意课⽂中体现重点语法和经典句型的句⼦。

（2）与课⽂⽆关的⼤题：第⼆、第三、第七⼤题。

⽂章选材：主要涉及社会⽂化、风俗习惯、教育、历史、和⽣活常识等内容。

建议：⼴泛阅读此类题材的⽂章，是中英⽂对照版本。

推荐杂志：《英语沙龙》，《⼤学英语》，《英语学习》。

每道题的考点： 第⼀题：词汇语法题 主要考点：定语从句、名词性从句的引导词；状语从句的连接词；词汇辨析；固定搭配；常⽤句型。

近年来词汇题⽐重增加。

建议：通过学习教材上下册，熟练掌握基本语法，背熟⼤纲词汇，加强同义词、近义词、和形似词的⽐较，牢记固定搭配。

历年试题举例： 1. At the end of 1994 the pitish government introduced new measures to help ____domestic workers from abuse by their employers. [A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D]inspect A 2. I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting. [A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over B 3. By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a sound comes. [A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D] with which B 第⼆题：完型填空题 主要考点：除了第⼀⼤题已提到的考点外，还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等虚词的⽤法。

自考00015英语（二）串讲资料（6）备考要诀重视课文，英语一考上册，英语二以下册A课文为主，但是上册课文的语法和词汇是学习下册的基础。

吃透重点语法：非谓语动词、动词时态和语态、虚拟语气、比较级、定语从句，等。

背单词要讲究技巧，以大纲词汇为准，不要孤立地背单词，以词组为主，重视搭配；加强阅读，选择难度适当的阅读材料，重在训练阅读技巧，提高速度和效率。

推荐材料：1）大学英语自学教程》（上下册），高远主编，高教出版社。

2）《大学英语自学教程——自学与自测指导》（上下册），高远主编，北航出版社。

3）自考大纲4）全国高等自学考试英语（一）和英语（二）模拟试卷与应试指导》高远主编，高等教育出版社。

结束语Before God we are equally wise—equally foolish.（Albert Einstein）I.每道题的考点第一题：词汇和结构历年试题举例：1.At the end of 1994 the pitish government introduced new measures to help ____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.[A]protect suspect[C]expect[D]inspect词义辨析2.I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.[A]downup[C]out[D]over搭配3.By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a sound comes.[A]in whichfrom which[C]over which[D]with which定语从句2.Almost everything a manager does ___ decisions；indeed，some suggest that the management process is decision making.[A]imposesimprovises[C]involves[D]indicates3.American men don‘t cry because it is considered not ___ of men to do so.[A]characteristictolerant[C]symbolic[D]independent4.In every major city there are more ___ apartments than there are homeless people.[A]blankvacant[C]empty[D]bare[提示]：搭配主要涉及介词和名词、形容词和介词、动词和名词、形容词和名词等的搭配。

2. ⾮谓语动词 动词主要时态和语态⼀览表 ⾮谓语动词形式意义 现在分词 ⼀般式 doing 主动，正在进⾏ 被动式 being done 被动，正在进⾏ 完成主动式 having done 主动，已经完成 完成被动式 having been done 被动，已经完成 过去分词 done 被动，已经完成 动词不定式 ⼀般式 to do 主动，将要进⾏ 被动式 to be done 被动，将要进⾏ 完成主动式 to have done 主动，已经完成 进⾏主动式 to be doing 主动，正在进⾏ ⾮谓语动词作状语 ？动词不定式：1）⽬的状语；2）结果状语 e.g. I came here to meet you. （⽬的） He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. （结果） ？分词：1）伴随状语；2）原因状语；3）条件状语 4）让步状语；5）时间状语 e.g. Walking along the street， he met his old friend. （时间） Being very tired， my father didn‘t go out with us. （原因） Made by hand， the silk shirt is very expensive. （原因） Seen from the space， the earth looks like a blue ball. （条件） ⾮谓语动词，状语从句和独⽴结构 ？ Having done their homework， the children began to play. （分词作状语） ？ After having done their homework， the children began to play. （连词+分词） ？ After they had done their homework， the children began to play. （状语从句） ？ With homework done， the children began to play. （独⽴结构） ⾮谓语动词作定语 ？ If there is no choice， there is no decision ___ （make）。

自考英语（二）（课程代码：00015）迷你串讲Tips：1.该PPT中出现的比例和分值统计是基于英语（二）四套真题，即2013.10真题，2014.4真题，2014.10真题和2015.4真题。

2.该PPT右下角中的比例是指该分类在上述四套真题的该题型中出现的频次比例。

3.该PPT右下角中的分值是指该分类在上述四套真题中的总分值【迷你串讲】英语（二）阅读判断1.题目要求：读懂一篇350字左右短文的基础上，对给出10个句子所表达的信息做出判断。

2.作答方式：◎正确的选A （True）◎错误的选B（False）◎文中没有提到的选C（Not Given）3.解题步骤Step 1：先阅读题目Step 2：寻找关键词回归定位，找出题目在原文中的出处（1）准确确定题干中的关键词（2）带着关键词回归文章定位Step 3：把关键词所在的句子与题目对比，根据True，False和Not Given特点进行判断。

确定关键词的依据：醒目好找，出现频率低英语（二）阅读判断答案为true【迷你串讲】英语（二）题目与原文内容相符True比例：42.5%分值：17【迷你串讲】英语（二）英语（二）阅读判断答案为true题目是原文的同义改写Eg: 1【题目】：It's advisable to have different lists of songs.【译文】：建议你搞个不同的歌曲列表。

【原文】：I strongly recommend dividing your play list intodifferent small lists.【译文】：我强烈建议你把播放列表分成不同的小列表。

（2015.4 阅读判断第6题）比例：42.5%分值：17Eg: 2【题目】：The taxi driver liked talking with his customers.【译文】：这个出租车司机喜欢和乘客聊天。

【原文】：Many times during long rides, I'd developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advicefrom them.【译文】：在很多次的路途中，我和乘客关系都处的很好，并且还从他们身上得到很好的建议。

自考《英语(二)》串讲第一部分：课程介绍一、课程的基本内容本课程在完成“英语（一）”课程内容基础上，培养学生掌握系统的英语语言知识，包括正确的英语语音知识、系统的英语语法知识和一定的词汇量（4500），并熟悉英语语言的表达方式.二、命题“英语（二）”命题按照标准化测试要求设计。

命题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定.部分命题素材取自《英语(二）自学教程》。

统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。

考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45％。

试卷由七部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。

现对试卷内容及结构分别说明如下：第一部分阅读判断该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句间关系和语篇结构。

该部分短文选自英语国家大众读物及旅游手册、操作说明等真实语料,根据语言难度作适当调整，对无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,用汉语注明词义。

所选短文题材覆盖广泛，涉及叙述、说明、议论等不同体裁.该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的10个句子所表达的信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。

该部分共10小题。

每小题1分，共计10分.特别提示：与以往《英语（二）》的阅读理解设题形式相比，该题更注重文章中的细节。

与四六级06年改革后的新题型中快速阅读的最初形式类似（Yes，No, Not given).第二部分阅读选择该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断；根据上下文推断生词的释义;领会作者的意图、观点和态度.该部分选用1篇长度350词左右的短文，题材包括人文、科技、经济、环境、卫生等热点话题，文中会适当给出个别生词的中文释义。