永和高中2020-2021学年度上期高一年级竞赛试题英语说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120分。
考试时间120分钟。
答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。
第I卷选择题（共70分）第一节阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AEach applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care. We consider each applicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put a lot of care into evaluating every application(申请). We hope you will explore the information in this section to understand what we look for in our admissions process.How to ApplySubmit(提交) your application through the Common Application, the Coalition Application, or the Universal College Application. Each is treated equally by the Admissions Committee. Complete and submit your materials as soon as possible to ensure full and timely consideration of your application. View our Application Tips for step-by-step information.When to ApplyWhat We Look ForWe seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard community during their college years, and to society throughout their lives.While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the Admission Committee considers many other factors—strong personal qualities, special talents or excellence of all kinds, perspectives(观点；视角) formed by unusual personal circumstances, and the ability to take advantage of all sorts of resources andopportunities.We outline everything you need to apply to Harvard.Click https: //college. harvard. edu/admissions/apply to get detailed requirements.21．Where can you find step-by-step information of how to apply?A．Common Application. B．Coalition Application.C．Application Tips.D．Universal College Application.22．Which is the final day for Financial Aid Application?A．November 1. B．March 1.C．January 1. D．May 1.23．What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University?A．Unique perspectives. B．Strong personal qualities.C．Special talents. D．Academic accomplishment.BRich as a KingWilliam I, who conquered England some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet (抽水马桶), paper towels, or riding lawn mower (除草机). How did he get by?History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windows, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled(颤抖) before Alexander the Great, but he couldn't buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw(电锯).Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you'd think I'd be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that of living person: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed(贪婪) I feel toward my friend Howard's new kitchen is not reduced by the fact that no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors,There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about. You'd think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too.Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today's standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.Besides, to people looking back at our age from a century or two in the future, these bankers' fancy furniture and my own old Formica will seem equally shabby(寒酸的), I can't keep up with my neighbors right now. But just wait.24.What does the underlined phrase "get by" in the first paragraph mean?A . Succeed as a king.B . Deal with complains.C . Get some extra money.D . Live in a satisfactory way.25.How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present?A . 3.B . 4.C . 5.D . 6.26. According to the passage, the author intends to .A . tell us to be content with lifeB . warn us to live in a simple wayC . leach us to learn lessons from lifeD . encourage us lo struggle for wealth27. What's the author's attitude towards life?A . Doubtful.B . Optimistic.C . Uncaring.D . Cautions.CIf English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?According t o a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.The study also found the greater the effect is, the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals”, also called second language learners (SLL) before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language. ” said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two lang uages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的), ” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another w orld. ” explained the scientists.28. The main subject talked about in this passage is ______.A. science on learning a second languageB. man’s ability of learning a second languageC. language can help brain powerD. language learning and maths study29. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to ______.A. say language is also a kind of physical laborB. prove that one needs more practice when he is learning a languageC. show the importance of using the language when you learn the languageD. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well30. We may know from the scientific findings that ______.A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density isB. there is no difference between a later SLL and one not knowing a second languageC. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brainD. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time31. The unde rlined word “bilingual” probably means ______.A. a researcher on language learningB. a person who is good at learning foreign languagesC. a person who can speak two languagesD. an active language learnerDWhy do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive (自我毁灭的) acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.Think back to the time you took your very first sip (啜饮) of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (诱惑) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (讽刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to some day develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.32. What do most people think causes bad behavior?A. Being forced by others.B. Not having enough will power.C. Enjoying their first experiences.D. Following the examples of their friends.33. The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.A. will power helps develop bad habits sometimesB. drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagersC. self-control should be developed when one is youngD. everyone can be challenged by different temptations34. In the last paragraph, the author stresses that ____.A. without self-control, no one can succeedB. bad habits don’t always lead to bad resultsC. applying self-control correctly is importantD. people can develop wisdom from bad behavior35. What would be the best title for the passage?A. My First Sip of BeerB. Do You Have Will Power?C. Will Power Benefits UsD. Dark Side of Self-control第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Becoming Refreshed without sleepingSometimes there is just not enough hours in the day to get everything done and get a good night's rest.36. Once in a while you can get away with a sleepless night and still feel reasonably good by adjusting your meals and activities.37. The last thing you want to do when you are tired is get warm and cozy, because this will cause you to fall asleep. Keeping the air conditioner on will make you feel much more alert and refreshed.Eat small amounts. Eating small amounts of healthy food will help refresh you. Fruit and nuts are a good choice because they are nutritious(有营养的) and will energize you. 38. Try to stick to low carbon meals to keep you going. Chewing(咀嚼) gum after your snack or small meal will also help keep you awake.Keep it bright. When it is dark your body thinks it is time to go to sleep. Turn on lots of lights, which will trick your body into waking up and feeling better. 39 You’ll get double the benefits if it is daytime.Take a break. Taking a little break will help you in the long run. Turn up some energizing music to get yourself positive. Relax and talk to a friend in person or on the phone for a few minutes. 40.A. Keep it coolB. Calm down and sleepC. Avoid big, heavy meals as they will make you tiredD. Go outside whether it is day or night for some fresh airE. Missing sleep regularly can make you sick and should be avoidedF. When you are tired, you may just want to sit around and do nothingG. Having a good time for a few minutes will refresh you quicker than anything else.第三节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）When I was a young boy growing up in North Dakota, my grandparents were farmers; And I remember the huge garden that my Grandma 41 ．I promise you it was about 4,000 square metres．Well, 42 it seemed that way to me! She 43 the garden all by hand, with a hoe(锄头) and some water．Each spring the garden took shape from cold flat earth, which she changed through much hard work into rows of hills ready for 44 ．I especially remember 45 Grandma plant potatoes．Grandma had 46 potatoes from last year．She stored them with the rest of the harvest in the outdoor cellar(地窖), where vegetables were kept safely all 47 . When spring came, we 48 last year's potatoes and planted each piece into a hill of soil in the garden．I thought we would never 49 the end of the planting work even though everybody was helping!Before long the garden became fully 50 because of sunny days, warmer temperatures and rain．51 it needed lots of hoeing and watering by Grandma and her helper to have a harvest．But it provided vegetables throughout the summer, until the final 52 when cold weather set in．By the time Thanksgiving dinner 53 , the ground at my grandparent's farm often would be covered with snow and we'd be 54 for a long winter．Warm inside the house, around Thanksgiving dinner, we looked through windows at bare(光秃的) tree branches(树枝) in the 55 garden．Our whole family would 56 potatoes and other vegetables from the 57 ．And of course wonderful pumpkin(南瓜) pie…I can smell it now! It's 58 how a pumpkin pie can make me 59 years of Thanksgiving dinners, and how that warmth 60 in my heart．41．A．shared B．owned C．controlled D．found42．A．at first B．at last C．at most D．at least43．A．looked after B．showed off C．took over D．brought up44．A．watering B．moving C．planting D．giving45．A．helping B．watching C．making D．spying46．A．sold B．chosen C．saved D．spotted47．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter48．A．ate B．cut C．fried D．grew49．A．reach B．hear C．use D．cover50．A．important B．popular C．active D．peaceful51．A．For example B．Of course C．In return D．After all52．A．flavour B．celebration C．harvest D．vacation53．A．continued B．followed C．ended D．arrived54．A．right B．ready C．fit D．safe55．A．changing B．sleeping C．tiny D．poor56．A．enjoy B．want C．send D．buy57．A．market B．garden C．store D．farm58．A．difficult B．doubtful C．amazing D．crazy59．A．accept B．understand C．realize D．remember60．A．races B．passes C．remains D．jumps第II卷非选择题（共50分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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