2020年广西民族大学考研试题公共行政学(试卷B卷)

政治学原理B卷一、填空题1.众人的事2.经济3.政治权利4.韩非5古希腊社会 6. 7. 欧文8. 共产党宣9历史唯物主义10.血缘群婚制二、多选题1.BCD2.3.AB4.AB5.三、名词解释1.所谓氏族是具有血缘关系、同族内部禁止结婚的人们的集团；是国家产生以前人类社会普遍存在的社会组织形式。

2.政党制度指的是一个国家通过政党进行政治活动的方式或状态。

也有人使用政党体系这一概念,两者含义相去不是很多。

在一个国家中,政党制度是存在于市民社会的若目。

一般受到该国法律规定或长期政治实践而形成相对固定的结构模式。

最早对政党体系进行科学化干政党组成的整体,其特征在于该国政党的性质与数研究的是法国学者杜瓦杰,关于政党制度应当包含的内容,学术界存在争议。

有人认为政党制度是国家对政党活动的法律规定;有人认为政党制度是执政参政的体系和党与党之间的关系;有人认为政党制度是政党内部的组织方式和活动规则。

通常情况下,政党制度是指政党执政、参政的方式和党际关系.3.政治革命名词解释:是以阶级为政治主体旨在推翻另-一个阶级的政治统治的暴力行动,是政治权力迅速实现变更,以一个政治体系代替另一种政治体系的激烈革命。

在这一过程中, 政治关系、政治制度、政治结构、政治统治权力、政治活动以及主要的政治价值和观念都发生迅速的变化,代之以新的政治体制,政治关系和政治秩序,从而推动人类整个政治文明的进步。

四、问答题1.2.宗教是人类本质自我异化的一种特殊的社会意识形态，宗教是现实世界的歪曲反映，是一种颠倒了的世界观，是对支配着人们日常生活的外部力量的幻想的、颠倒的反映，宗教是在对抗阶级社会中人民的鸦片3.政党在现代政治生活中发挥着广泛的作用。

总的来说,政党是现代社会变迁的推动力。

社会主义革命过程中的共产党、第三世界民族独立过程中的民族主义政党以及政治经济改革过程中发达国家的政党,都在这个方面扮演了重要角色。

概括而言,政党的功能和作用主要体现在如下方面:1、实现利益聚集和表达的途径政党是其成员和选民意志和利益的代表者。

考试科目代码及名称：636当代中国政府与政治
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页2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
【B】卷
科目代码及名称：636
当代中国政府与政治
考生须知
1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。

一、名词解释（每小题6分，共5小题，共30分）
1．政治协商
2.压力型体制
3.党组
4.统一战线
5.条块关系
二、简答题（每小题12分，共5小题，共60分）
1.简述党管干部的基本含义？
2.简述党政体制下国务院“五位一体”的运作体系的特征？
3.简述我国央地关系的演进？
4.简述我国民族区域自治制度的起源？
5.简述改革开放以来城乡基层治理体制的基本特征？
三、论述题（每小题30分，共2小题，共60分）
1.试从推进国家治理体系现代化的角度，论述人民代表大会制度的作用及当前完善人民代表大会制度的路径选择？
2.试论建国以来党政关系的历史变迁及其对国家治理变革的意义？。

硕士研究生入学考试专业课初试真题 2020年广西民族大学考研专业课初试真题
考试科目代码及名称：621东南亚文化
第1页共1
页2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
【B】卷
科目代码及名称：621东南亚文化
考生须知
1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。

一、论述题（每小题30分，共5小题，共150分）
1．论述东南亚自然环境对民居建筑的影响（以东南亚某一国家为例）。

2．简述东南亚宗教场所的功能。

3．简述某一个东南亚国家的文化演进历程。

4．你认为东南亚是一个在文化上具有相当强的统一性和整体性的区域，还是一个多样性突出的复合体？请说明理由。

5．简述公元前后到13世纪印度文化在东南亚的传播及其影响。

2020年广西民族大学基础英语考研真题B卷1.Some infectious diseases, such as AIDS, take a heavy___on human immunity.A. impactB. lossC. tollD. casualty2.Because of poor grammar, some sentences in research papers by Chinese students seem___to the reviewers.A. incomprehensibleB. inedibleC. inestimableD. irreplaceable3.Almost each college student is equipped with a cell phone, laptop and other electronic____.A. galaxiesB. ornamentsC. utensilsD. gadgets4.Running for president is ____ demanding , emotionally draining, and physically taxing.A. incoherentlyB. intellectuallyC. intimatelyD. invalidly5. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event isequal to theprobability that it will not occur.A. occurringB. occurredC. occursD. occur6.State leaders of each generation have to think about how to ___complicated economic issues.A. adoreB. assembleC. addressD. alienate7.In 2008, Sarkozy threatened to boycott the Olympic Games in Beijing, ___kowtow shortly afterwards by promising never to interfere with China’s affairs.A. only toB. so as toC. as toD. prior to8.New methods of irrigation can reduce water consumption by roughly 30%____conventional systems.A. but forB. compared withC. related toD. other than9.As long as you are pursuing your dream, your efforts will eventually ____.A. wear offB. pay offC. ward offD. turn off10. The younger you begin ____, the easier it is to remain physically active throughout your life.A. setting out B .figuring out C. running out D. working out11. The Maori people are natives of____.A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IrelandD. New Zealand12. The British monarch is the Head of____.A. ParliamentB. StateC. GovernmentD. Cabinet13. Americans celebrate Independence Day on____.A. July 4thB. October 11thC. May 31stD. September 6th14. Canada is bounded on the north by____.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Arctic OceanD. the Great Lakes15. Who is the author of The Waste Lana?A. George Bernard Shaw.B. W.B. Yeats.C. Dylan Thomas.D. T.S. Eliot.16. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury?A. William Faulkner.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Scott Fitzgerald.D. John Steinbeck.17. "The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an exampleof____.A. exaggerationB. understatementC. personificationD. synecdoche18.In English if a word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must bea vowel. This is a (n)____.A. assimilation ruleB. sequential ruleC. deletion ruleD. grammar rule19. Which of the following is an example of clipping?A.APEC.B.Motel.C.Xerox.D.Disco.20.The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of situation is called____.A. registerB. dialectC. slangD. varietyII. ClozeDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. 15 Choices marked from [A] to [O] are provided .You should choose 10 suitable answers for these 10 blanks.（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分）America’s most popular newspaper website today announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a close. The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yetto set out plans for a pay wall around its digital offering, 21 the accepted practice that internet users will not pay for news. Struggling with an evaporation of advertising and a downward drift in street corner sales, The New York Times intends to introduce a “metered”model at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have22 aset number of its online articles per month. The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper onthe charging side of an 23 wide chasm ( 鸿沟） in the media industry. But others,including the Guardian, have said they will not 24 internet readers. The New YorkTimes’ publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 25 that the move is a gamble. Boasting a print2.of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays. The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, behind the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. While most US papers focus on a single city, the New York Times is among the few that can claim3.scope—as well as 16 bureaus in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and maintains 26 bureaus elsewhere in the world. But like many in the publishing industry,the paper is in the grip of a 28 financial crisis. Its parent company, the New YorkTimes Company, has 15 papers, but 29 a loss of $70 million in the nine months toSeptember and recently accepted a $250 million 30 from a Mexican billionaire, CarlosSlim, to strengthen its balance sheet.A. nationalB. interactivelyC. circulationD. loanE. crudeF. exceededG. chargeH. ascendI. abandoningJ. sufferedK. seriousL. deductingM. increasinglyN. evaluationO. acknowledgedIII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. After each passage, there are 5 questions. For each question there are four choices marked A，B，C and D . Please choose the most suitable answer for each question. （共 20 小题，每小题4分，共80分）Passage OneA year ago, my boss announced that our large New York ad agency would be moving to an open office. After nine years as a senior writer, I was forced to trade in my private office for a seat at a long, shared table. It felt like my boss had ripped off my clothes and left me standing in my underwear.However, about 70 percent of U.S. offices now have no or low partitions. Silicon Valley has been the leader in bringing down the dividers. Google, Yahoo and American Express are all adherents. Facebook designed the largest open floor plan in the world, housing nearly 3,000 engineers.These new floor plans are ideal for maximizing a company’s space while minimizing costs. Bosses love the ability to keep a closer eye on their employees, ensuring movie-watching, constant social media-browsing and unlimited personal cellphone use isn’t occupying billing hours.While employees feel like they’re part of a relaxed, innovative enterprise, the environment ultimately damages workers’attention spans, creativity and satisfaction. Furthermore, a sense of privacy boosts job performance, while the opposite can cause feeling of helplessness. In addition to the distractions, my colleagues and I have been more vulnerable to illness. Last flu season took down a succession of my co-workers like dominoes.As the new space intended, I’ve formed interesting, unexpected bonds with my colleagues. But my personal performance at work has hit an all-time low. Each day, my associates and I are seated at a table staring at each other, having an ongoing 12-person conversation from 9 am to 5 pm those who have worked in private offices for decades have proven to be the most noisy and tough. They haven’t had to consider how their loud habits affect others, so I can only work effectively during times when no one else is around, or if I isolate myself in one of the small, constantly sought-after, glass-windowed meeting rooms.To make the open-office model work, employers have to take measures to improve work efficiency. For one, they should create more private areas----ones without open windows. Also,they should implement rules on when interaction should be limited. And please, let’s eliminate the music that blankets our workspaces. Companies could simply join another trend----allowing employees to work from home. That model boosts productivity, withemployees working more hours and taking fewer breaks. There are fewer interruptions when employees work remotely. At home, my greatest distraction is the refrigerator.1.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A.The author enjoyed working in an open office.B.This open-office model has gained popularity.panies are compelled to shift to an open office.D.Google and Yahoo refuse to go along with the trend.rge open floor plans can help bosses to ____.A.reduce investment in researchB.show movies to workers in the officeC.supervise co-workers’ conversationsD.restrict the use of personal cell phones3.According to Paragraph 4, an open office ____.A.can benefit workers’ mental healthB.brings no relaxation to workers at allC.adversely affects productivity and healthD.contribute to better productivity4.It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 that in an open office ___.A.fellow workers are likely to spend a long time talkingB.one’s personal performance can be improved easilyC.work efficiency can be ensured amid frequent interactionD.most of the workers can easily become close friends5.The last sentence of this passage suggests that the author___.A.can hardly concentrate on his work at homeB. often suffers from the noise of the refrigeratorC. works more efficiently at home than in the open officeD. has nobody to talk to while working at homePassage TwoThe mosquito-borne Zika virus, which has spread to 22 countries in the Americas, is terrifying to pregnant women and their partners. The virus may cause birth defects in babies whose mothers were infected during pregnancy. In Brazil more than 4,000 have been born with abnormally small heads since last October, compared with fewer than 200 in a typical year. The response of several governments has triggered adebate about abortion and birth control which may outlast the outbreak itself.It started after some governments advised women to delay getting pregnant. Colombia, which has the second-highest number of infections after Brazil, advised women to wait six to eight months. Jamaica issued a similar recommendation, even though no cases of Zika have yet been reported there. El Salvador’s government suggested that women should delay pregnancy until 2018. Panama warned women from vulnerable communities not to conceive.Some women find this advice rather bossy. Others say that governments have done little to help women control their fertility. A lobby group in New York notes that rates of teenage pregnancy in Latin America are among the world’s highest, as 56% of pregnancies in Latin America and the Caribbean are unintended.Rates of accidental pregnancy are high because sex education is inadequate and birth control is hard to come by. Health workers are reluctant to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers or to women who have not yet given birth. If women are to avoid pregnancy, governments must inform them better and provide more access to contraception for both men and women.Some argue that the Zika crisis should prompt countries to liberalize policies that severely restrict abortion. In El Salvador, which does not allow abortion even if a woman’s life is at risk, activists are stepping up their campaign for a change in the law. A Brazilian newspaper argued that Brazil should end its ban on most abortions.Rather than calling on women to delay pregnancy, Brazil is sensibly concentrating its efforts on the mosquito responsible, which also carries dengue and yellow fever. The country had stamped out the threat by 1958 but let down its guard and allowed it to return. The health minister announced that insect repellent will be distributed to 400,000 expectant mothers. Some 310,000 health workers are teaching people how to keep mosquitoes at bay. Following WHO guidelines, Brazil advises women contemplating pregnancy on how to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes. Women need facts, not fertility targets.1.The first paragraph is primarily concerned with ___.A.the harm done by the Zika virusB.abortion and birth controlC.the response of some countriesD. the origin of the Zika virus2.The rate of infections with the Zika virus is the highest in ___.A. ColombiaB. BrazilC. JamaicaD. Panama3.Rates of accidental pregnancy are high in Latin America because of the following except___.A.insufficient sex education or information on pregnancyB.the reluctance to prescribe contraceptives to teenagersC.poor accessibility of birth control for men and womenD.the extremely low rate of marriage in some countries4.Which of the following is true according to this passage?A.Abortion is strictly prohibited in the whole of Latin America.B.Activists in El Salvador are fighting for the right to abortion.C.Brazil has managed to eliminate the mosquito responsible.D.Most women have been convinced of the advice by governments.5.The underlined words in the last paragraph probably mean ____.A.stay away from mosquitoesB.try to make mosquitoes extinctC.confine mosquitoes to the beachD.culture some new mosquitoesPassage threeAfter a jury convicted ex-Virginia Governor, Bob McDonnell, I wrote an op-ed calling attention to the “real stars” of the McDonnell case. It is easy to get distracted by the sensational details of the new case, but it would be better to focus on thebig picture. American politicians face a harsh reality. The average Senate campaign costs more than $10 million! Point the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) at any elected official, and I suspect it can uncover a contributor who received special treatment: a meeting with staff here, a call to an agency there. None of it is necessarily illegal.Americans are not only allowed to give money to politicians. The Supreme Court has said they have a constitutional right to spend money on campaign. Elected officials, in turn, have the freedom to decide which calls they answer, what meetings they arrange, how to craft legislation and whom it benefits.It could be, then, that what set McDonnell apart from other politicians is not the alleged illegality of his conduct, but that the FBI took such a hard look at him. Thankfully, the FBI’s interest doesn’t appear to be political. More likely, agents became interested in these cases like they get interested in lots of things; they happened upon public corruption while looking into something else. The FBI reportedly was investigating Jonnie Williams’ company for securities fraud when it stumbled upon his gifts to McDonnell.There are two important lessons here, one for politicians and one for the rest of us. The politicians need to distance themselves from their rich donors. Ethics aside, it is simply too risky to take contributions and gifts from people whose interests you intend to advance. Better to lose an election than to go to federal prison.Everyone else should start thinking about prosecutorial power to act. It’s bad enough that our political system seems to be populated with criminals. We should also worry about how prosecutors choose among them to decide whom to imprison.Random selection, which appears to explain the McDonnell case, is the least of our worries. The real concern is politically motivated prosecutions, which are made all too easy in a system flush with cash and regulated by flexible public corruption laws. Sadly in a pay-to-play political system, once FBI agents direct their investigative power at a particular politicians, the likelihood of a federal accusation may only depend on how hard they look1. In the first paragraph, “the big picture” probably refers to ____.A. the details of the McDonnell caseB. the political system in the USC. the economic situation in the USD. other officials involved in this case2.Which of the following is true about the McDonnell case?A.McDonnell has turned out to be innocent.B.He gave expensive gifts to Jonnie Williams.C.The FBI happened to find his criminality.D.The FBI’s investigation is politically motivated.3.The lesson that politicians should learn from the case of McDonnell is to ___.A.stay away from wealthy donorsB.work in the interests of rich donorsC.forget about ethics when with rich donorsD.make friends with many rich donors4.The last paragraph implies that in the American political system___.A. there are few corrupt politiciansB. money plays a minor roleC. random selection is a big concernD. it is easy to spot cases of corruption5. This passage is primarily concerned with _____in the United States.A. ways to keep governance cleanB. the responsibilities of the FBIC. the political corruption problemD. the role of money in legal matters Passage FourThe fourth and final article from Sheryl Sandberg and Adam Grant in The New York Times’“Women at Work” series appeared today; it is as misguided as the previous three have been, bordering on offensive. Do we really need Sandberg telling men that if they do a load of laundry now and then, they might get lucky? Yes, that is an exact point in the article. To quote: A man was asked by his wife one night to do a load of laundry. He picked up the basket and asked hopefully, “Is this lean in laundry?”The bigger issue with the entire New York Times series is that rather than focusing on the abilities of women, all they’ve done is offer studies and statistics pointingout how bad things are, then asking men to change that. It is so disappointing that Sandberg and Grant keep repeating the same point —“Hey, guys, help the poor girls out!” They continue to tell men that they should do more office chores, let women speak at work, use the same criteria for evaluating female managers as male ones. It’s all about men and what they need to do to boost up ladies.The tone of these articles also implies that every successful woman was somehow given a shot by some man. Most successful women I know weren’t given anything. They earned it. And when they didn’t get it even after earning it, they struggled and seized it. It is so unproductive for women to repeat that the workplace needs to change to reward us. How about if women change? Why don’t we start behaving in ways that will get us rewarded in the workplace?Whenever I speak or write about equality for women in the workplace, I never address what men need to do differently. Men have no incentive to do anything differently. This system is working for them, and if women want to compete in male-dominated fields, we need to develop the instincts and attitudes what will get us rewarded in those fields. Women don’t have to “behave like men,” but we can make the changes needed to be recognized and promoted without asking them for the scraps. We should not stamp our feet and demand that men help us get there. After all, no woman has to lean in when she’s standing at the head of the table.1. What does the author of this passage think of the article mentioned in the first paragraph?A. misleading.B. instructive.C. amusing.D. paradoxical.2.The author believes that the problem with this New York Times series is that is ___.A.overemphasizes mutual help between males and femalesB.elaborates on the advantages of males over femalesC.suggests the two sexes be evaluated in the same wayD. ignores what women can do for themselves3.The main idea of the third paragraph is that ____.A. women have to adapt to the work environmentB. there is a man behind each successful womanC. workplace should be changed to reward womenD. women become successful on their own4.In the last paragraph, the author of this passage suggests that ___.A.men start to do things differently for women’s sakeB.women ask men for help whenever necessaryC.women become independent and self-reliantD.women stop competing with men at work5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A.Women-Stop ‘Leaning” and Start Leading.B.Men-Be Helpful at Home and at Work.C.Men and Women—Who Is Superior?D.Men and Woman—How Different Are They?IV. Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet.（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）6.The auto manufacturers found themselves____________(正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额).7.Only in the small town________________(他才感到安全和放松).8.It is absolutely unfair that these children _______________(被剥夺了受教育的权利).9.Our years of hard work are all in vain,________________(更别提我们所花的大量金钱了).10.The problems of blacks and women______________(最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注).。

2019年广西民族大学政治学原理考研真题B卷
一、名词解释（每小题6分，共8小题，共48分）
1.国家主权
2.政治冷漠
3.外院活动
4.政治发展
5.政治
6.政治统治
7.政治领导
8.跨国组织
二、简述题（每小题9分，共6小题，共54分）
1.简述比例代表制的主要特征
2.试析合法性与有效性的关系
3.简述革命与改革的区别和联系
4.简述国际政治与国内政治的区别和联系
5.简述资产阶级政党的基本特点
6.简述国际体系形成的客观条件
三、论述题（每小题16分，共3小题，共48分）
1.为什么说民主建设是政治现代化发展的必然要求？
2.运用政治民主理论，分析特朗普当选总统的政治社会基础和对美国政治发展的影响？
3.论跨国公司在国际政治中的作用。

2020年广西民族大学基础法语考研真题B卷I. Trouvez les noms d’action qui correspondent aux verbes suivants et indiquez l’article indéfini. 15 pointsplanifier offrir pousser gérer décollerfermer plisser concevoir innover mouillerpartager réduire investir persuader imprimerII.Choisissez la bonne réponse. 20 points1.L’année dernière, Philippe est allé au Mexique. Cette année, ilest alléà Lima,________________________.A.en EspagneB.au PéruC.en FranceD.au Mexique2.Jaqueline et Catherine ________________ aux Etats-Unis.A.sont rencontréesB.se sont rencontréesC.ont rencontréD.ont eu rencontrées3.Le professeur doit s’absenter ______________ quelques jours.A.ça faitB.dansC.pourD.depuis4.Quand ce jeune homme avait de l’argent, il voyageait beaucoup. Mais tout a changé quand____________ au chômage.A.il retrouveraitB.Il a retrouvéC.il se retrouveraitD.il s’est retrouvé5.Il faut confier cette mission à __________________________.A.personne de compétentB.personne compétentC.quelqu’un compétentD.quelqu’un de compétent6.Si les jeunes ne fumaient pas________________________, les fabricants neseraient pas si riches.A.moinsB.plusC.autantD.le plus7. Voici le scientifique célèbre ______________________ j’ai oublié le nom.A.queB.quiC.dontD.donc8.Quand Léa était petite, elle soupçonnait ses parents______________ fouiller sonjournal.A.deB.pourC.àD.par9.Après avoir bien réfléchi, ll a __________________ ses projets.A.quittéB.renoncéC.abordéD.abandonné10.N’oubliez pas de mettre des fleurs dans ____________________ des chambres.A.quelquesB.toutesC.chacuneD.chaque11.Si leur campagne publicitaire avait étémeilleure, ils ____________________________ à vendre davantage.A.réussirontB.auraient réussiC.avaient réussiD.réussissaient12.________________ difficile que soient les problèmes, il les résout facilement.A.QuelqueB.QuelquesC.QuelsD.Quelles13.______________ soit ma fatigue, j’assisterai à votre conférence.A.QuoiqueB.QuelquesC. Quelle queD.Quel que14.Vous terminez l’année scolaire avec succès ________________ vous soyez plus travailleur.A.pour queB.pourvu queC.de sorte queD.bien que15.Avez-vous une cravate qui __________________ avec cette costume et cette chemise?A.ailleB.vaC.iraD.allait16.____________ cette femme soit encore très jeune, elle fait preuve d’une grande maturité.A.Quoi queB.QuoiqueC.A condition queD.Quelle que17.Il faisait mauvais. C’est bien la raison __________________ l’avion a décoll é avec deux heures de retard.A.pour laquelleB.pour çaC.à cause de celaD.pourquoi18.Il m’a proposé de travailler avec lui, ________________ nous nous soyons souvent disputés.A.tandis queB.sans queC.bien queD.alors que19.Le cyclone a tout __________________________ sur son passage.A.terminéB.balayéC.amenéD.envahi20.____________________ Paul et Dominique ont soif, ils veulent boire un peu d’eau minérale.A.Parce quemeC.Bien queD.CarIII. Complétez les phrases avec une préposition convenable. 15 points1.Il fait signe __________________ main à son ami.2.Elle se sent ________________ un état dépressif.3.Il a choisi de faire ce voyage ______________ mer.4.Cet athlète lutte ____________________ le succès.5.__________________ un peu d’aide, je réussirais cette tâche.6.Cet arbitre agit ____________________ chef.7.Il use ____________________ ses droits.8.__________________ temps clair, on peut apercevoir le sommet du Cervin.9.Il s’est endetté __________________________ sa famille.10.Il part ________________________________ bon matin de Montréal.IV. Mettez les verbes au temps convenable. 25 pointsQuand j’étais petit, nous __________________(vivre) ainsi, mon perroquet et moi, dans la plus austèresolitude, lorsqu'un matin il m'__________________ (arriver) une chose vraiment extraordinaire. Cejour-là, j'________________ (quitter) quittéma cabane de bonne heure et je __________________ (faire) , arméjusqu'aux dents, un voyage d'exploration àtravers mon île... Tout à coup, je __________________(voir) venir de mon côtéun groupe de trois ou quatre personnes, qui ________________ (parler) àvoix très haute et ________________ (gesticuler) vivement. Des hommes dans mon île ! Jen'__________________ (avoir) que le temps de me jeter derrière un bouquet de lauriers-rose et à platventre, s'il vous plaît... Les hommes______________________ (passer) près de moi sans me voir... Je________________ (croire) distinguer la voix du concierge Colombe, ce qui me ________________(rassurer) un peu mais, c'est égal ! dès qu'ils __________________ (être) loin je ____________________ (sortir) dema cachette et je les ______________________ (suivre) à distance pour voir ce que tout cela deviendrait...Ces étrangers ____________________ (rester) longtemps dans mon île... Ils la __________________ (visiter) d'unbout à l'autre dans tous ses détails. Je les __________________ (voir) entrer dans mes grottes et sonderavec leurs cannes la profondeur de mes océans. De temps en temps ils ________________ (s'arrêter) et__________________ (remuer) la tête. (...) Au bout d'une demi-heure, les hommes ________________ (se retirer)se sans se douter seulement que l'île ________________ (être) habitée. Dès qu'ilsfurent partis, je________________ (courir) m'enfermer dans une de mes cabanes, et ______________________ (passer) là le restedu jour à me demander quels ____________________ (être) ces hommes et ce qu'ils __________________(venir) venus faire.V. Compréhension écrite 10 pointsUn avion solaireLe solaire ? Ce n’est pas une idée en air !Aérodrome militaire Dubendorf, près de Zurich, audience attentive et prestigieuse en présence du prince Albert de Monaco.« Mesdames et Messieurs, bienvenus Bertrand Piccard, AndréBorschberg. »Voici les concepteurs de Solaire Impulse, le premier avion alimentégrâce à l’énergie solaire. L’idée a germé il y a 10 ans : le Suisse Bertrand Piccard venait de réaliser son premier tour du monde en ballon. Son rêve : faire la même chose en avion sans dépendre des énergies fossiles.5.ll y a 6 ans, quand nous avons lancé le projet, nous faisons face à tant de d éfis et d’incertitudes que nous ne pouvions pas oser penser à un moment pareil. »Élaboré depuis 2003, cet avions monoplace, d’une envergure de 63 mètres (comme un Airbus 340) pour 1,6 tonne (comme une berline automobile), à propulsion électrique, est alimenté uniquement par l’énergie solaire, composé de deux grandes ailes qui seront recouvertes d’environ 200m2 de panneaux solaires (12 000 celles photovoltaïques alimentant quatremoteurs électriques d’une puissance de 10 chevaux chacun, et permet de recharger les 400 kg de batteries lithium-polymère embarqués par l’appareil. Dans la majorit é des cas, une batterie est utilisée pour stocker l’énergie supplémentaire afin de pallier un marque de soleil. ).Et pourtant le prototype est là. Ultra léger, Solar Impulse a des allures de libellule : un cockpit minuscule et des ailes immenses recouvertes de capteurs d’énergie solaire. Six ans de travail, tests et simulations de vols portés par 70 ingénieurs avec un exploit : l’avion a l’envergure d’un Airbus, mais pèse à peine plus qu’une voiture. Un premier vol d’essai est programmé la fin de l’année en Suisse suivi d’un vol de nuit en 2010. Si tout va bien d’ici trois ans, Solar Impulse fera le tour du monde en 5 jours.L’avion solaire a également inspiré des projets scientifiques comme le projet Helios de la NASA. Il s’agit d’un projet d’« avion étern el », embarquant un stockage d’énergie pour pouvoir voler en continu pendant plus de 24 heures. A terme, l’objectif serait de concevoir des avions solaires capables de voler pendant des semaines, voire des mois, pour réaliser des missions scientifiques, des missions d’imagerie ou pour servir des relais de communication.Les avions solaires pourraient même jouer un rôle majeur dans l’exportation planétaire. L’Agence Spatiale Européenne ou ESA a ainsi lancé le projet Sky-Sailor, un avion solaire destinéà participer à l’exploration de Mars.C’est un bel horizon vert clair qui s’étend désormais devant le Solar Impulse nous promettant, àcoup sûr, bien d’autres prouesses techniques.Source : TV5 monde, le 5 août,20141. Selon le texte, ______________________________A.Le prince de Monaco a dirigé tout seul un avion solaire dans l’aérodromemilitaire près de Zurich ce jour-là.B.Bertrand Piccard et André Borschberg ont dirigé ensemble un avion solaire àl’aérodrome militaire de Dubendorf.C.Bertrand Piccard et André Borschberg ont été bien accueillis dans l’aérodrome militaire près de Zurich ce jour-là.D.Bertrand Piccard a dirigé tout seul un avion solaire à l’aérodrome militairede Dubendorf.2.En quelle année le projet « Solar Impulse » a été lancé ?A. En 2010B. En 2003C. En 2007D. En 20083.Cet avion fonctionne à l’aide __________________________.A.de l’énergie électrique et de celle qui viennent des photopilesB.des énergies pétrolières et électriqueC.des énergies fossiles et solaireD.des énergies solaire et éolienne4.Selon le texte, __________________________________.A. Après le lancement du projet « Solar Impulse », André Borschberg a rencontré peu de difficultés.B.L’avion solaire a une envergure plus petite que l’Airbus A340.C.Solar Impulse a navigué autour de la Terre en 2017 si tout va bien.D.Solar Impulse a navigué autour de la Terre en 2023.5.Grâce à l’avion solaire, on peut accomplir des tâches de long terme sauf______________________________________. prise des photographies transmission des informations découvertes des autres planètes production de l’énergie pour avoir un avion éternelVI. Traduction40 points1) Traduisez en français.20 points中国援外医疗队中国从 1963 年首次向阿尔及利亚派遣援外医疗队至今，已有 1.6 万名医疗队员的足迹遍布亚洲、非洲等 56 个国家和地区。

公共关系学参考资料（仅供参考）一、填空题1.传播活动和行为规范2.缘由性3.特定公众4.人的因素5.政府以及管理部门公众6. 社会公众人物公共关系7.知晓公众8.信息直观可靠9.瞬时印象10媒介事件.二、不定向选择1.C2.3. BC4. ABC5.CD6.D7. BCD8.9. 10.三、简答题1.公共关系活动以事实为基础,是公共关系人员明正大地采用公开的，合法的,符合社会道德准则的手段来塑造组织的良好形象,实现组织与公众的共同利益。

2（1）组织因自身原因形象受损或与公众的关系出现问题。

（2）组织因外部原因形象受损或与公众的关系出现问题。

3.略4.(一)形象意识。

形象意识要求社会组织或企业以及它的决策者、执行者以塑造组织形象为重要的目标、注意建树良好的形象,维护良好形象,并能经常自觉地意识到组织的一举-动、组织成员的一言-行都代表了组织形象。

(二)公众意识。

公众意识要求社会组织或企业把自己看作是公众的产物,把公众看成是自己生存和发展的前提条件，把能否处理好公众关系看作自身事业是否成功的标志,时时刻刻以公众的利益为出发点来设计自己的行为。

(三)沟通意识。

沟通意识要求社会组织或企业的活动或运行始终自觉地处在-种开放系统、动态系统、反馈系统中，使组织清醒地认识到,封闭、隔离状态都会使组织处于窒息、束缚的绝境中,从而不断调整自己的行动姿态,适应变动着的社会环境,并努力使环境适用于组织的生存和发展。

(四)信誉意识。

信誉意识要求社会组织或企业把自身的组织信誉、产品信誉、服务信誉看的比什么都重要,把信誉看作组织或企业的生命。

(四)信誉意识。

信誉意识要求社会组织或企业把自身的组织信誉、产品信誉、服务信誉看的比什么都重要,把信誉看作组织或企业的生命。

(五)服务意识。

服务意识要求当代社会组织或企业以自己实实在在的行动获得公众信任,把一切经营活动和工作都看作是自己的公众对象提供服务的机会。

5.网络营销传播活动就是宣传网站、提高品牌忠诚力的营销手段。

硕士研究生入学考试专业课初试真题 2020年广西民族大学考研专业课初试真题
考试科目代码及名称：829中国与东南亚文明综合考试科目
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页2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
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科目代码及名称：829中国与东南亚文明综合考试科目考生须知
1．答案须写在答题纸密封线内，写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。

2．答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。

3．交卷时，请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内，密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。

一、名词解释（每小题5分，共4小题，共20分）
1．百家争鸣
2．乾嘉学派
3．传统外交
4．亲我公众
二、简答题（每小题10分，共3小题，共30分）
1．简述佛教的传播特点。

2．简述外交政策与公共外交之间的关系。

3．简述媒体外交的动作过程。

三、论述题（共3小题，共100分）
1．论述对待传统文化和文化传统的正确态度。

（30分）
2．论述美国公共外交模式的特点。

（30分）
3．论述如何发挥公共外交的服务性特性来发展中国与东南亚国家关系。

（40分）。

10.平均发展速度是各期（ C ）的序时平均数。

A.发展水平B.环比增长速度C.环比发展速度D.定基发展速度11.下列两种现象的相关密切程度高的是（ B ）。

A.商店的商品销售量与商品销售额之间的相关系数为0.87B.流通费用率与商业利润率之间的相关系数为-0.92C.商品销售额与流通费用率之间的相关系数为0.50D.商品销售额与流通费用率之间的相关系数为-0.8912.在回归方程bxay+=中，回归系数b表示（ D ）。

A.当0=x时，y的变动数额 B.x变动一个单位时，y的变动总额C.y变动一个单位时，x的平均变动量D.x变动一个单位时，y的平均变动量13.已知各期环比发展速度为102%，105%，108%，107%，则相应的定基增长速度的计算方法为（ A ）。

A.（102%×105%×108%×107%）-100%B. 102%×105%×108%×107%C. 2%×5%×8%×7%D. (2%×5%×8%×7%)-100%14.相关系数的取值范围（ B ）。

A、-∞<r<+∞B、-1≤r≤+1C、-1<r<+1D、0<r<+115.选择评价指标的主要原则是（ A ）。

A、科学性、目的性、全面性和可行性B、科学性、目的性、及时性和可行性C、科学性、目的性、可靠性和及时性D、准确性、及时性、完整性和可行性二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30题）1.下列变量中属于离散变量的有（ ABC ）。

A.车床台数B.学生人数C.汽车产量D.耕地面积E.粮食产量2.统计资料汇总前审核的主要内容包括（ CDE ）。

A、资料的系统性B、资料的广泛性C、资料准确性D、资料的及时性E、资料的完整性3.下列分组中，按数量标志分组的有（ BCD ）。