阅读题二

期末现代文阅读真题练习卷（二）-小学语文三年级上册部编版一．现代文阅读（共10小题）1．（2022秋•龙华区期中）阅读下列短文，回答问题。

不听话的小树在山城上有两棵树，一棵是大树，一棵是小树。

一天，七星瓢虫来到小树旁边说：“小树，我要产卵了，我能不能在你身上产卵？”小树连忙说：“不行！不行！你长得太难看了，我才不让你在我身上产卵。

”七星瓢虫无可奈何地飞到了大树身上。

过了一会儿蝴蝶飞来了。

蝴蝶娇滴滴地说：“小树，我能不能在你身上产卵？”读到这里，蝴蝶想在小树身上产卵，我预测小树会说： 我的依据是： 小树说：“可以！可以！”大树连忙说：“小树，你可别让它在你身上产卵，它的卵会变成毛毛虫把你的树叶全吃光。

”小树说：“我才不信呢！美丽的东西一定会生下好东西。

”蝴蝶听了高兴地飞到了小树身上。

过了几天，七星瓢虫和蝴蝶的幼虫都生下来了。

七星瓢虫让孩子们把大树身上的虫子都吃光了，大树长得又高又壮。

但毛毛虫把小树身上的叶子都吃光了。

啄木鸟飞过，见小树不舒服，关心地问：“小树，你生病了，我帮你治治吧？”小树不在意地说：“不用，毛毛虫长大以后会变成蝴蝶飞走的。

”我预测小树的结局是： 我的依据是： 又过了几天，在一个风雨交加的夜晚，天空中电闪雷鸣，一道白亮亮的闪电把小树劈倒了，大树望着固执的小树流下了悲伤的眼泪。

（1）请你对故事进行合理预测，并把预测的结果和依据写在文章中的横线上。

（2）文中 在大树上产卵了，结果大树长得 ； 在小树上产卵了，结果小树 。

我知道了对于树来说， 是益虫， 是害虫。

（3）根据短文内容判断下列说法的对错，正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”。

①小树不让七星瓢虫在它身上产卵，因为小树嫌七星瓢虫长得丑。

②大树又高又壮，是因为毛毛虫帮助它吃了虫子。

③啄木鸟看到小树身体有点不舒服，想帮它治病。

（4）佳佳说他读了这个故事明白了不能固执己见，要善于听从别人的建议。

通过这个故事你还明白了什么道理？试着写一写吧。

六年级语文上册期中专项课外阅读题（二）（一）一碗水我们村后是密密的树林。

阳光透过树阴，照亮了爬满石壁的过山藤，照亮了石壁上潮湿的苔藓。

石壁下有一眼很小的泉水，叫“一碗水”。

这眼从石缝里浸出的泉水虽然小到只有一碗，可是一年到头都不会干涸。

有趣的是，它总是满满的一碗，既不浅下去，也不浸出来。

你可以一口气把它喝干，它呢，又会不紧不慢的浸得满满的。

小小的泉水虽然只有一碗，可是我们很喜欢它。

我们上山割草或者采蘑菇，一定到这里歇息、喝水。

我们来到树阴下，坐在石墩上，吃着各自带的午饭：粑粑、团饭，或者架起刺柴烧洋芋……你吃一点我的，我吃一点他的。

树叶卷成的“杯子”里盛满清清的泉水，像大人一样举杯高呼：“干杯!”有时候，我们会看见小松鼠来喝水，看见喜鹊来喝水，看见一群竹鸡来喝水……你信不信，就连蝴蝶、蜜蜂也会来喝水！我们躲的远远的，不惊动这些树林里的小主人。

你看，小松鼠竖着尾巴，小眼睛那么亮！它喝一口水，很快地用脚爪擦擦嘴，“吱吱，吱吱！”好像说：“好甜，好甜！”山喜鹊飞来的时候，爱在那棵青松上停一停。

有一只先飞下来，“鹊，鹊鹊鹊！”它在招呼同伴：“快，快来呀！”大家都给下来，在泉水边跳着，潮湿的沙地上，留下了它们的爪印。

哟，潮湿的沙地上，有很多的爪印，有的像竹叶，有的像梅花……这一碗水老人们说它是一眼灵泉难怪鸟儿们喝了它的水唱得那么动听小松鼠喝了它的水显得那么机灵村里的娃娃喝了它的水一个个是那样聪明啊，它是大山的乳汁，它的水真甜！1.在括号里填上合适的量词。

一（）水一（）青松一（）山雀一（）灵泉2.在短文的空白处，填上合适的标点。

3.作者是怎样具体描写“一碗水”的样子的？在文中用横线画出有关语句。

__________________________________________________________ 4.文中写道：“潮湿的沙地上，有很多的爪印，有的像竹叶，有的像梅花……”想象一下，这些爪印是哪些动物的，还有哪些动物来喝泉水呢，根据你的想象写一写。

春蚕记苏沧桑(1)黄昏，我进入一片桑林，像进入自己的名字。

父亲为我取名源自“沧海桑田”，儿时所有的人唤我“桑桑——桑桑”。

东方古国不用金戈铁马慑服远方，用最柔美的力量，一枚绿茶化为无华杯水，一片柔桑化为如水丝帛，不具统治性，却摄人心魂。

我和我的影子，连同一片桑林，倒映在桑田与桑田之间的一大片水域中。

多么普通、多么安静的一棵树啊，在时光里静静站了五千多年，时光选中它成为“东方自然神木”，选中曾日夜噬咬它的虫为“蚕”，让它们相互成就，在人类文明进程里，璀璨如火石，如光，如电。

(2)这是农历四月初十湖州新市镇勇兴村秀才桥的黄昏，我随沈桂章夫妇，踩着被雨水泡软的泥路，高一脚低一脚深一脚浅一脚穿过一片片桑树林，像三条船淌过一浪一浪的碧波。

我的耳畔响起《诗经·桑中》，响起汉乐府《陌上桑》，响起南北朝的《采桑度》，我看见康熙久久伫立在《采桑图》前，画中的年轻男子爬在桑树上往树下扔着桑葚，树下一位男子撩起衣襟仰头去接，一位红衣孩童蹲在地上捡掉落的桑葚，康熙仿佛听到了桑田中采桑男女的欢声笑语，题笔道：桑田雨足叶蕃滋，恰是春蚕大起时。

负筥携筐纷笑语，戴篤飞上最高枝。

(3)在黄昏的桑田里，没有戴篱鸟，也没有踩着桑梯爬上桑树如鸟儿般歌唱的采桑女们。

空中一匹骏马形状的晚霞飞驰在桑林之上，雨后粘成一团的湿气，被一声声锐利的“咔咔”声啄破。

骏马，沈桂章看不见，如果有戴鵀鸟飞过，沈桂章也看不见。

他抬着头，“咔咔”地剪着桑枝，眼睛看向虚无。

花甲之年的脸藏在一顶灰布帽下，很瘦，身上是一件印着一行小字的蓝布工作服，脚上是一双军绿色的旧解放鞋，①整个人显得有点旧。

他的头循着声音转向我们，白亮的目光无着无落。

几年前，他的白内障手术失败，几近失明。

干杂活农活，采桑养蚕，倒是一点都不妨碍，如他所说，手感在的。

这一片桑林，喂养着家里三张半蚕种、十万条蚕，桑叶一采究，就要赶在天黑前将桑枝剪完，否则，枝条就老了，不好剪了。

(4)邵云凤剪一枝桑枝最多只需一秒。

期末现代文阅读真题汇编卷（二）-小学语文二年级上册部编版一．现代文阅读（共10小题）1．（2021秋•盘州市期中）猫头鹰ㅤㅤ猫头鹰的面部像猫，身子像老鹰，所以人们叫它“猫头鹰”。

ㅤㅤ猫头鹰的眼睛同别的鸟儿不同，是长在正前方的。

白天，它常常站在树枝上闭目养神，可是，到了夜晚，它就像一名哨兵，睁着两只闪闪发光的大眼睛，注视．．着田野。

ㅤㅤ猫头鹰的耳朵也很特别，耳孔很大，周围排列着很长的羽毛，好像一对竖起的猫耳朵。

它的听觉很灵，哪怕一点轻微．．的声音，它都能听见。

（1）因为猫头鹰面部像 ，身子像 ，所以人们叫它“猫头鹰”。

（2）给文中加点的词语选择合适的意思。

文中“注视”的意思是 （①很注意地看 ②东张西望）文中“轻微”的意思是 （①不重要的 ②细小的）（3）认真读2、3自然段，作者在描写猫头鹰的外形时，具体写了它的 和 。

（4）用“_____”画出写猫头鹰耳朵特别的句子。

（5）你喜欢什么小动物？它是什么样子的？2．（2020秋•武冈市期末）开心阅读。

猩猩砍树ㅤㅤ炎热的夏天，猩猩找到了一棵浓阴如盖的大榕树，高兴极了。

他把自己的家搬到了树下。

树下清风徐徐，很凉爽。

ㅤㅤ到了冬天，北风刺骨，树底下冷如冰窖（jiào ）。

“都怪这棵树，如果没有它，温暖的阳光就可以照到我的床前。

”猩猩说着，他抡（l ūn ）起斧头就往树上砍，决心要把这棵榕树砍掉。

ㅤㅤ猩猩很有毅力，他每天都去砍，砍了三个月又九十九天，花了九牛二虎之力，终于砍倒了大榕树。

可没过多久，又到了“赤日炎炎似火烧”的盛夏。

ㅤㅤ凡事不能只知其一，不知其二，顾前不顾后。

（1）短文一共个自然段，在每个自然段前加上序号。

（2）填上合适的词。

的夏天的榕树的清风（3）猩猩为什么要砍掉大榕树？（用原文中的话回答。

）（4）读了短文，你想对猩猩说些什么呢？3．（2020秋•沂水县期末）阅读雪ㅤㅤ纷纷扬扬的雪花，像柳絮在空中飞舞，像鹅毛飘落人间。

雪，不停地下着。

Passage 1News consumption in the United Kingdom rose by 20 percent in the past three years, according to new McKinsey research. Average consumption has risen to 72 minutes a day, compared with 60 minutes in 2006-an increase driven almost entirely by people under the age of 35. Two-fifths of those in this age group said they felt the need to be the first to hear the news, compared with just 10 percent of people aged 55 to 64.This need for immediacy is reflected in younger news consumers' choice of media: they overwhelmingly prefer to get their news from television and the Internet, While television remains the most popular medium across all age groups, only the behavior of consumers aged 55 and older prevented the Internet from jumping from fourth in 2006 to become the second most popular news source today. Instead, the Internet is now in third place, just behind newspapers.These findings underline the challenges that lie ahead for newspapers, in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, that are struggling to address long-term circulation and advertising declines caused mainly by the growth of online news consumption and Internet advertising. Some newspapers are eyeing differentiated and innovative revenue models for their online content. But these won't be a silver bullet: we found that while there is modest potential to increase online revenues, they will be insufficient to compensate for the decline of print. Indeed, even in a hypothetical scenario where online-only versions of existing newspapers and magazines cost 75 percent less than the print versions, only 14 percent of news consumers said they would pay for the online content.One finding does suggest a potential revenue opportunity: newspapers have an important inherent advantage as they face the challenges of the digital age-trust. Consumers trust newspapers more than any other medium, and 66 percent describe newspaper advertising as "informative and confidence inspiring," compared with only 44 percent for TV and 12 percent for the Web. This suggests that newspapers have further scope to go beyond news, to drive reader interest and advertising revenues at the same time. Leading newspapers have already created specialized pages and sections in areas such as entertainment, eating out, travel, automobiles, shopping, real estate, and personal finance. The combination of editorial content, ads, and selected commercial offers-while clearly separated-benefits advertisers and is of practical use to readers.A few publications are going one step further, moving from just selling ad space to taking a role in transactions between advertisers and consumers in these and other areas. Opportunities present themselves for publishers to drive up revenues for their print as well as online versions by becoming trusted intermediaries.To survive in the digital age, newspapers will need to develop deeper skills-for example, in managing advertiser relationships and gaining customer insights-and they must walk a fine line to retain editorial independence and quality to capture these opportunities. But for those who get it right, the rewards could be significant.1. According to the McKinsey research,[ A] consumers aged 55 and older are more likely to read online news.[ B] people under 35 account for the most rise of news consumption in the UK.[ C] two-fifths of the people in the UK have news demand.[ D] the Internet is the most popular medium among the people under 35.2. What can we learn about the newspaper's online content?[ A] It's a profitable way for the newspapers to increase revenues.[ B] It costs much more than their print versions.[ C] It causes the decline of their print versions.[ D] It has a defect in news consumers' acceptance.3. What's newspaper advertising's intrinsic advantage?[ A] The selected commercial offers.[ B] The consumers' confidence in it.[ C] The specialized pages and sections.[ D] The combination of editorial content and ads.4. What should the newspapers do to capture opportunities, according to the author?[ A] To sell ad space with more discounts.[ B] To give up their editorial independence.[ C] To preserve their information quality.[ D] To pay more attention on online versions.5. What's the main idea of this passage?[ A] Younger news consumers' choice. [ B] A glimmer of hope for newspapers.[ C] The importance of editorial quality. [ D] The future of newspaper advertising. Answer: B D B C BPassage 2A global shift towards a vegan diet is vital to save the world from hunger, fuel poverty and the worst impacts of climate change, a UN report said today. As the global population surges towards a predicted 9. 1 billion people by2050, western tastes for diets rich in meat and dairy products are unsustainable, says the report from United Nations Environment Programme's ( UNEP)international panel of sustainable resource management.It says: "Impacts from agriculture are expected to increase substantially due to population growth increasing consumption of animal products. Unlike fossil fuels, it is difficult to look for alternatives: people have to eat. A substantial reduction of impacts would only be possible with a substantial worldwide diet change, away from animal products. "Professor Edgar Hertwich, the lead author of the report, said: "Animal products cause more damage than producing construction minerals such as sand or cement, plastics or metals. Biomass and crops for animals are as damaging as burning fossil fuels. "The recommendation follows advice last year that a vegetarian diet was better for the planet from Lord Nicholas Stern, former adviser to the Labour government on the economics of climate change. Dr. Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) , has also urged people to observe one meat-free day a week to curb carbon emissions.The panel of experts ranked products, resources, economic activities and transport according to their environmental impacts. Agriculture was on a par with fossil fuel consumption because both rise rapidly with increased economic growth, they said.Ernst von Weizsaecker, an environmental scientist who co-chaired the panel, said: " Rising affluence is triggering a shift in diets towards meat and dairy products-livestock now consumes much of the world's crops and by inference a great deal of freshwater, fertilisers and pesticides. " Both energy and agriculture need to be "decoupled" from economic growth becauseenvironmental impacts rise roughly 80% with a doubling of income, the report found.Achim Steiner, the UN under-secretary general and executive director of the UNEP, said: " Decoupling growth from environmental degradation is the number one challenge facing governments in a world of rising numbers of people, rising incomes, rising consumption demands and the persistent challenge of poverty alleviation. "The panel, which drew on numerous studies including the Millennium ecosystem assessment, cites the following pressures on the environment as priorities for governments around the world: climate change, habitat change, wasteful use of nitrogen and phosphorus in fertilizers, over-exploitation of fisheries, forests and other resources, invasive species, unsafe drinking water and sanitation, lead exposure, urban air pollution and occupational exposure to particulate matter.Prof Hertwich, who is also the director of the industrial ecology programme at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, said that developing countries-where much of this population growth will take place-must not follow the western world's pattern of increasing consumption: " Developing countries should not follow our model. But it's up to us to develop the technologies in, say, renewable energy or irrigation methods. "1. It can be inferred from the UN report that[ A] it's very hard to find alternatives for fossil fuels.[ B] a global diet change is vital to population growth.[ C] more animal products mean less climate change.[ D] animal products are losing popularity in the west.2. According to Dr. Rajendra Pachauri,[ A] people should use less construction minerals.[ B] vegetarian diet can cause more climate change.[ C] animal products relate to carbon emissions very closely.[ D] animal's crops consuming is not bad for the planet.3. What's the cause of the shift in diets towards animal products'l[ A] The fossil fuel consumption.[ B] The worry of pesticides.[ C] The fast economic growth. .[ D] The worldwide lack of crops.4. To governments around the world, the most serious challenge is[ A] habitat change.[ B] lead exposure.[C] urban air pollution.[ D] environmental decay.5. Which of the following is true about the developing countries?[ A] They should follow the western world's diets pattern.[ B] They have done a better job in development than the western world.[ C] They should increase their animal products consumption.[ D] They should be cautious with their consumption pattern.Answer: B C C D D。

阅读理解专项训练试题二一、阅读理解1、Stress may be defined as the response of the body to any demand. Whenever people experience something pleasant or unpleasant, we say they are under stress. We call the pleasant kind eustress, the unpleasant kind distress.People sometimes compare our life with that of the caveman who didn't have to worry about the stock market or the atomic bomb. They forget that the caveman worried about being eaten by a bear or about dying of hunger—things that few people worry about today. It's not that people suffer more stress today; it's just that they think they do.It is inconceivable that anyone should have no stress at all. Most people who are ambitious and want to accomplish something live under stress. They need it. But excessive stress is by all means harmful. Worse, chronic exposure to stress over a long time may cause more serious diseases and may actually shorten your life.The most frequent causes of distress in men are psychological—lack of adaptability, not having a code ofbehaviour. So the secret of coping with stress is not to avoid it, but to do what you like to do and what you are made to do, at your own rate. For most people, it is really a matter of learning how to behave in various situations. The most important thing is to have a code of life, to know how to live The modern man is suffering（）A．more stress than the cavemanB．less stress than the cavemanC．different stress from the cavemanD．the same stress as the caveman2、According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true（）A．Everyone will suffer certain kinds of stress in his life B．Chronic exposure to stress may shorten your lifeC．Excessive stress is especially harmful to healthD．Most people can learn to avoid stress3、In the third sentence of the third paragraph, it refers to（）A．stressB．ambitious peopleC．somethingD．confidence4、According to the passage, one should（）A．try to avoid as much stress as possibleB．cope with stress in different waysC．learn to do things at his own rateD．have the response of the body to any demand5、To be a good manager, you must be careful to distinctly define the proper boundary between yourself and your staff. Here are some points to remember.Be clear about the relationship. To maintain the respect for your employees while being friends with them, you must be direct about the nature of your business relationship. This means being clear about what the goals are, how your employees are to help you reach them, and what they can expect from you. By communicating these things clearly, you avoid the risk that an employee can misinterpret your friendship and behave in an unprofessional manner.Be social—to a degree. In most offices, there's usually a lot of social networking, whether it's a Friday lunch or drinks after work. It's natural for managers to be a part of that. Just remember to socialize with everyone, be careful with alcohol, and don't be the last one at the party. Also, keep socializing at the office to a minimum. You want to ensure that you arerespected as well as liked.Don't fake it. Maybe you want to try to be friends with all your employees, because you think that would strengthen your team. While some management training courses stress that bosses should ask their staff about their personal lives, such as their weekend plans, their families, or their children, such efforts can backfireif the manager is viewed as not sincere. It's okay to ask occasional questions of staff, but don't make a big production out of it. Getting to know people takes timeTo prevent employees from behaving unprofessionally, managers should（）A．show respect for their employees'individual needsB．let them know about their future career developmentC．set short-term and long-term goals for their business D．make them clear about the nature of the business relationship6、According to Paragraph 3, managers are advised（）A．to create a friendly work environment for their staff B．to keep socializing with the employees to a degreeC．to avoid socializing with their employees after work D．to be the first person to a party or to a gathering7、The word backfire in the last paragraph most probably means（）A．strengthen the relationshipB．start a fire in the backyardC．produce an undesired resultD．improve management skills8、The passage is mainly about the importance of（）A．management training courses for employersB．the proper relationship between managers and staffC．setting business goals for both managers and staffD．being a part of social networking for a good manager 9、Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you've got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we're the apple of our parents'eye, and that our grandmas think we are great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics, but sometimes it's a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you built a positive self-image and learnt to love yourself.The self-image is your own mind's picture of yourself. Thisimage includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be, and thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world. The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don't allow doubts to occur in it.It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can't move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you are silly because you aren't good at math, find a tutor. If you think you are weak because you can't run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you are dull because you don't wear the latest trend, buy a few new clothes.The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long waytowards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat yourself on the back, you'll know you're well on your way You need to build a positive self-image when you（）A．dare to challenge yourselfB．feel it hard to change yourselfC．are unconfident about yourselfD．have a high opinion of yourself10、According to the passage, our self-images（）A．have positive effectsB．are probably untrueC．are often changeableD．have different functions11、What is the passage mainly about（）A．How to prepare for your successB．How to face challenges in your lifeC．How to build a positive self-imageD．How to develop your good qualities12、Who are the intended readers of the passage（）A．ParentsB．AdolescentsC．EducatorsD．People in general13、43.____（）14、44.____（）15、45.____（）16、46.____（）17、47.____（）18、48.____（）19、49.____（）20、50.____（）21、When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems blurry, so they need glasses. Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing, become near-sighted. Then people who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at an arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too.Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are notexactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism （散光）. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts（白内障）. Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.Having two good eyes is important for judging distance. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object's relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes When things far away seem blurry, one is probably（）A．near-sightedB．far-sightedC．astigmaticD．suffering from cataracts22、People who suffer from astigmatism have（）A．one eye bigger than the other oneB．eyes that are not exactly the right shapeC．an eye difficulty that can be corrected by an operationD．an eye difficulty that cannot be corrected by glasses 23、Some eye problems can be corrected by glasses except （）A．astigmatismB．cataractsC．near-sightednessD．far-sightedness24、Having two eyes instead of one is particularly useful for （）A．seeing at nightB．seeing objects far awayC．looking over a wide areaD．judging distance25、Why do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world? It is an increasingly urgent question, given the recent mining accidents in Sago, W. Va and Huntington, Utah. A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the not-too-distant future when robots and other technologies do most of the dangerous mining work.Robotic technology, in particular, holds much promise, McAteer says, especially when it comes to mapping mines and rescuingtrapped miners—the special operations of the mining industry. One of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog. It used lasers（激光器） to see in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business.The latest design is called Cave Crawler. It's a bit smaller than Groundhog, and even more advanced. It can take photos and videos and has more sensors that can detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly, the robot has a real sense of logic. If it comes across an obstacle, it gets momentarily confused. It has to think about what to do and where to go next. Sometimes it throws a fitjust like a real person.The greatest problem, though, is cost. The money of the earliest research project was provided by the government, but that money has dried up, and it's not clear where the future money will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advances in safety, mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past. Since 1990, fatalities（死亡） have declined by 67% and injuries by 51%, according to the National Mining Association.Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much ofthe same function that they do in the automotive industry. The robots do the most boring and dangerous jobs, but won't get rid of the need for human workersThe underlined phrase throws a fit in Paragraph 4 probably means （）A．gets angryB．gets sickC．becomes hungryD．becomes cheerful26、We can infer from the last paragraph that（）A．robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry B．there will be no need for human workers in minesC．the mining robots will have a very bright futureD．robots in mines only do some simple jobs now27、We can infer from the passage that（）A．the mining robots do most of the mining work at present B．Groundhog can discover the presence of dangerous gases C．experts are trying to make robots help miners with dangerous workD．robots cannot do dangerous work in dark areas28、What can be the best title for the passage（）A．Mining Accidents in AmericaB．Robots in MinesC．Cave Crawler, the Latest RobotD．The Future of Robots29、Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious lifelong consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data from many countries, especially low-and middle-income countries, are lacking.Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20% of women and 5% to 10% of men report being sexually abused as children, while 25% to 50% of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse （sometimes referred to as psychological abuse）.Every year, there are about 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15. This number underestimatesthe true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, burns and drowning.Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and familiesand can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioural, physical and mental health problems. Via the behavioural and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections.Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including costs of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs.A number of risk factors for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when we attempt to understand the causes of child maltreatment.It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special needs, cryingpersistently or having abnormal physical featuresThe word underestimates in Paragraph 3 means（）A．exaggeratesB．points outC．assumesD．miscalculates30、Child maltreatment can bring all the following consequences EXCEPT（）A．stressB．suicideC．heart diseaseD．poor memory31、How many aspects are included in the economic consequences due to child maltreatment（）A．Costs of hospitalization and mental health treatment B．Child welfare and longer-term health costsC．Tuition feesD．Both A and B32、Children are more likely to be maltreated if they（） A．cry a lotB．are not good-lookingC．are over 4 years oldD．are quiet33、43.____（）34、44.____（）35、45.____（）36、46.____（）37、47.____（）38、48.____（）39、49.____（）40、50.____（）41、After a day's hard work, we need some sleep. During the sleep, the fatigue of the body disappears and recuperation （恢复） begins. The tired mind gathers new energy, and the memory improves.Some adults require little sleep; others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-four hours. Infants sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily, the amount gradually diminishing as they grow older. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a physically demanding job may also need ten, whereas an executive working under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people havelittle sleep. Napoleon Bonaparte, Thomas Edison and Charles Darwin apparently averaged only four to six hours a night. Whatever your individual need is, you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep routine: a favorite hour, a favorite bed, a favorite position, and a rule you need to follow in order to rest comfortably. Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours—nearly five days. Whatever the limit is, it is absolute. Animals that kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The limit for human beings is probably about a weekBy writing this passage, the writer intends to tell us that （）A．sleep is important for good healthB．a light sleep is as restful as a deep sleepC．memory is improved during sleepD．sleep is relatively unimportant for human beings42、From the amount of sleep Napoleon, Edison, and Darwin required, we can conclude（）A．that they were famousB．that they were executivesC．that they were intelligentD．none of the above43、The amount of sleep required may（）A．tire an individual's mindB．help infants grow olderC．apply pressure to an executiveD．depend on an individual's age44、The author implies that if human beings are kept awake for more than a week the result（）A．is hard to imagineB．will probably be a mental breakdownC．is difficult to describeD．will probably be death45、A Language Programme for TeenagersWelcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.Our CoursesRegardless of your choice of courses, you'll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all4 skill areas—speaking, listening, reading and writing. Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning （see the table below）.EvaluationStudents are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students can take the exam on the first Monday of their course.Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.Arrival and TransferOur programme offers the full package—students are taken good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the students'full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.Meals/Allergies/Special Dietary RequirementsStudents are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch（which consists of a sandwich, a drinkand a dessert）. Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicine you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special foodHow does the Intensive Course differ from the Standard Course （）A．It is less effectiveB．It focuses on speakingC．It includes extra lessonsD．It gives you confidence46、When can a student attend the Standard Course（）A．During 13:00~14:30 on MondayB．During 9:00~12:30 on TuesdayC．During 13:00~14:30 on FridayD．During 9:00~12:30 on Saturday47、Before starting their programme, students are expected to（）A．take a language testB．have an online interviewC．prepare learning materialsD．report their language levels48、Which of the following may require an extra payment（） A．Cooked dinnerB．Mealtime dessertC．Packed lunchD．Special diet49、In the reception hall of the British Royal Academy of Dance, the statues of four outstanding female dancers are displayed. The stone sculpture of Dai Ailian is one of them.Dai Ailian was born in Trinidad, an independent republic in the West Indies, in 1916, with her forefathers living abroad for many years. In 1930, she went to London to study dance. Many famous dancers such as Anton Dolin, Rudolf Laban and Mary Wigman were her teachers. Though ballet and modern dance were not well connected at that time, Dai Ailian learned both of them. This is of great significance for her later development.Dai Ailian returned to her homeland in 1939 after the Anti-Japanese War broke out. She gave benefit performances in Hong Kong and on the mainland. Major programs such as Homesick Melody, Selling, Wheat Gleaning Girl and Story of the Guerrill all showed sympathy for the poor and concern over the nation's fate.Dai Ailian's art career entered a golden period after the founding of the People's Republic of China. She became the first president of the National Dance Troupe, the first headmistress of the Beijing Dancing School and the director and advisor of the Central Ballet Troupe. Her representative works were group dances called Lotus and Flying Apsaras presented in Berlin and Warsaw in 1953 and 1955 and won her awards.Dai Ailian always says, Ballet is my work while folk dance is my greatest pleasure. Her love for Chinese dance led to her efforts. Meanwhile, she introduced the essence of Western dance to China. For this reason, she was regarded as a qualified person to link up Chinese and Western dance culturesWhy is the stone sculpture of Dai Ailian displayed in the hall of the British Royal Academy of Dance（）A．Because of her noticeable contributionsB．Because she was good at sculptureC．Because she studied in the British Royal Academy of Dance D．Because of her love for her motherland50、What is very important to her later development（）A．The fact that many famous dancers were her teachersB．Learning both ballet and modern danceC．Her experience of living abroadD．Her education in London51、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage（）A．During the Anti-Japanese War she sold her storiesB．At the age of 23, she returned to China to give benefit performancesC．After the founding of the People's Republic of China she stopped dancingD．She was the first headmistress of the China Dance School 52、Which was her representative work after the founding of the PRC（）A．Flying ApsarasB．Homesick MelodyC．Wheat Gleaning GirlD．Selling53、43.____（）54、44.____（）55、45.____（）56、46.____（）57、47.____（）58、48.____（）59、49.____（）60、50.____（）61、43.____（）62、44.____（）63、45.____（）64、46.____（）65、47.____（）66、48.____（）67、49.____（）68、50.____（）参考答案：【一、阅读理解】1~5CDACD6~10BCBCB11~68点击下载查看答案。

期末现代文阅读真题拓展训练（二）-小学语文四年级下册部编版一．现代文阅读（共8小题）1．（2022春•临泉县）阅读短文，完成练习。

小鸡我家买了九只小鸡，毛茸茸的就像九个小绒球。

它们都长着一张粉红色的小尖嘴和一对淡黄色的脚。

小鸡怕冷，妈妈把电灯开着放在盒里，它们就安静了。

中午，我把盒子搬到院子里，让它们晒太阳。

一打开盒盖子，它们立刻欢乐起来，发出悦耳的叫声。

小鸡有各式各样的姿态：有的抬起头，睁着小眼睛向外望，好像在说：“这是哪里呀？”有的扑棱着那对还没长齐羽毛的小翅膀，向上蹦；有的眯着小眼睛，让四月温暖的阳光晒着，像在休息；有的在梳理羽毛，散步。

小鸡要是饿了，就“叽叽叽”地叫，像是说“饥饥饥”。

这时只要把米碟放进盒里，它们就会一窝蜂似的围上来，一边啄米，一边发出悦耳的叫声。

一只小鸡啄了一口食，仰起头，小嘴一张一合吃了起来；一只小鸡啄得太多了，怎么也咽不下去，直眨眼；一只小鸡只顾埋头啄食，一不小心踩了另一只鸡，那被踩的鸡就“叽”地尖叫一声，不问青红皂白地和它“打”了起来；一只小鸡为了半粒米，被别的小鸡包围住，出不去，就想出了好办法一从包围它的小鸡肚子底下，吃力地拱出来把米吃了。

小鸡虽然没有妈妈，但也合群。

要是有淘气的跳出了纸盒，它们就会拼命地叫，呼唤它们的伙伴。

这时我把它托回盒里，另外八只小鸡就马上围拢过来，显出亲热的样子。

（1）找出比喻句，打“√”表示。

①九只小鸡毛茸茸的，就像九个小绒球。

②小鸡让四月温暖的阳光晒着，像在休息。

③它们就会一窝蜂似的围上来。

（2）文中有个排比句，用横线画出。

这个排比句是围绕这个总起句写的。

（3）这篇短文详写了和这两个内容，略写了这个内容。

（4）请你仿照第1自然段，也写几句话来介绍一种小动物。

2．（2021春•华坪县期末）阅读《建个临时仓库来过冬》，完成下面各题。

像莲花一样，在仓库里“存粮”过冬的植物还有很多。

不过，它们的仓库有的是永久的，比如莲藕，有的则是临时的。

这些临时仓库的“材料”和“形态”千奇百怪。

三年级语文上册阅读练习题(二）六、梧桐树校园里的梧桐树，你是我们的好朋友。

春天，你发芽了。

一个个灰白色的，有细柔绒毛的芽苞，快乐地绽开在枝头，就像小弟弟微笑着睁开眼睛。

夏天，我们在你的树荫下做功课，多么凉爽。

有时，我仰起头来，透过密匝匝的绿叶，我看见金色的阳光在闪烁。

我好像看见了你明亮的眼睛。

秋天，你悄悄地落叶了，我们把落叶积起来，点燃了。

火苗跳跃着，发出呵呵的笑声。

我们把黑色的草灰埋在你的脚下。

让它变成养料，使你长得更加粗壮。

冬天，在我做功课的地方，照射着灿烂的阳光。

我明白了，梧桐树！你落了叶，好让阳光给我们更多的温暖。

校园里的梧桐树，你是我们的好朋友。

1、用“~~”划出短文中表示时间的词语。

2、联系上下文，想一想再填空。

①短文中的“你”指的是（）；②“快乐地绽开在枝头上”的“绽开”意思是（）；③“透过密匝匝的绿叶”的“密匝匝”的意思是（）。

3、找出比喻句，用“”划出来，句子中是把( )比作()。

4、这篇短文是按（）顺序写的。

七、＿＿＿＿＿阳春三月，沉睡了一冬的银梨树被蒙蒙细雨淋醒。

它脱下破旧的外衣，又开始新的生活；它贪婪地吮吸着春天那清新、甜润的露珠儿，慢慢地长出逗人喜爱的嫩枝绿叶。

五月，正是它摆开绿叶白花衣裳的季节，婆娑（suō）的绿叶衬托着朵朵洁白的梨花，在明媚的阳光照耀下，像一片银色的海洋！中秋时节，银梨树上挂满了大大小小的果实。

它的外形扁圆扁圆的，与苹果的形状相似。

它总爱“三只一群”、“五只一伙”地生长着。

开始，果子的颜色呈淡绿色，后来颜色变深变黄了。

来到这里的人们一看就会想到山区人民的生活一定比蜜甜。

走进果园，微风阵阵，你还可以闻到一股股清香，当好客的主人把又大又甜的银梨送给你品尝时，你就会知道银梨皮薄、肉脆、水多、味甜，可口极了，银梨确实可与北京鸭梨媲（pì）美。

银梨，你不但把美的花和美的果实奉献给人们，还为家乡人民开辟了一条致富之路。

我爱家乡的银梨。

1、从短文中找出合适的词语填在括号内。

酒香戏外曾瓶高明远在轩辕宫附近开酒坊，既酿酒，也卖酒。

高明远卖酒有规矩，每天最多卖三十斤，每人最多卖二斤。

每天卖完酒，高明远就去三泸茶园。

高明远去三泸茶园看戏，买票，有讲究。

如果是陈三卿的戏，必买一个好位子，似乎离陈三卿越近越好，不怕花钱。

如果没有陈三卿的戏，不管是哪个名角，都花最少的钱，进园即可。

相传、陈三卿刚到三泸茶园演出，因相貌平平，脸上还有麻点，同行和观众并不看好。

她演的是《挑帘打饼》。

陈三卿一出场，步法身段，时如蜻蜓点水，螃蟹行沙；时如电闪风犁，云行雨骤；时如垂柳摇曳，时如海棠婀娜。

看戏的人，刚开始漫不经心，殊不知待几步金莲挪动，眼睛和耳朵，全到了陈三卿身上，一场戏下来，陈三卿让台下观众似醉如痴，掌声如雷。

①那天，高明远在观众席。

陈三卿有了名气，常有人请她到家中唱戏。

为了热闹喜庆，名角要向主家献酒。

陈三卿献酒，手中酒壶，必盛高家酒。

城隍庙北边的张记桐油店张老板，母亲七十八岁，生了病，临时决定，提前替母亲办八十大寿，冲冲病痛；也临时邀约，请陈三卿来唱戏喜庆喜庆。

因是临时，一时难以凑上那么多高家酒。

陈三卿也直率，问张老板，我那几杯，应该准备好了吧？张老板直点头。

其实，张老板藏有心眼儿，他就不信，你陈三卿，能把酒城这家那家的酒喝出来？锣鼓敲得昂扬激烈，唢呐吹得高亢喜庆，陈三卿端着酒献老寿星，她执酒壶，捧酒杯，正陪饮，酒刚进嘴，即如彩虹般喷射而出。

陈三卿笑盈盈的脸陡然间结满冰霜，冷冰冰地说，不是高家酒！张老板惊讶得嘴都合不拢，正要狡辩，陈三卿卸妆，对张老板拱拱手，告辞走人。

张老板还装着什么都不知道的样子，问，陈师傅，怎了？陈三卿不停脚，说，你坏了我的规矩。

这事，很快传开了。

高明远心里鼓胀看一句话：以后，陈师傅，你喝高家酒，收成本价。

高明远这话，没机会说。

陈三卿喝酒，用不着她到高家酒坊买。

这天，排轮子买酒的长龙中出现了陈三卿。

尽管换了戏装，一眼，高明远就看到了。

嘴巴，差点惊歪了，但很快镇住神，问，陈师傅，今天什么日子，你亲自来？不管如何掩饰，还是有些磕磕巴巴，语气里，是满当当的惊诧，甜丝丝的欢喜。

（甲）①三三如一般小孩，换几回新衣，过几回节，看几回狮子龙灯，就长大了。

照规矩十五岁的三三，要招郎上门，也应当是时候了。

但妈妈有了一点私心，不大相信媒人的话语，所以这碾坊还是只有母女二人。

这个夏天，母女两人一吃了晚饭，不到日黄昏，总常常过堡子里一个姓宋的熟人家去，陪一个行将远嫁的姑娘谈天，听一个从小寨来的人唱歌。

有一天，照例又进堡子里去，却因谈到绣花，要三三回碾坊来取样子，三三就一个人赶忙跑回碾坊来。

快到屋边时，黄昏里望到溪边有两个人影子，有一个人到树下，拿着一根竿子，好像要下钩的神气。

三三心想，这一定是来偷鱼的，照规矩喊着：“不许钓鱼，这鱼是有主人的！”②就听到一个人说：“谁说溪里的鱼也有主人？难道溪里活水也可养鱼吗？”另一人又说：“这是碾坊里小姑娘说着玩的。

”先说话的一个人就笑了。

旋即又听到第二个人说：“三三，三三，你来，你鱼都被人捉完了！”三三听到人家取笑她，声音好像是熟人，心里十分不平。

走过去时，才知道那第二回说话的人是堡子里一个管事先生，另外是一个从不见面的年青男人。

那男人手里拿的原来只是一个拐杖，不是甚么钓竿。

那管事先生认得三三，三三也认识他，所以当三三走近身时，就取笑说：“三三，怎么鱼是你家养的？你家养了多少鱼呀？”三三见是堡子里管事先生，甚么话也不说了，只低下头笑。

头虽低低的，却望到那个好像从城里来的人白裤白鞋，且听到那个男子说：“这女孩倒很聪明，很美。

”管事的又说：“这是我堡子里美人。

”两人这样说着，那男子就笑了。

到这时，她猜测男子是对她望着发笑！三三心想：“你笑我干吗？”又想：“你城里人只怕狗，见了狗也害怕，还笑人，真亏你不羞。

”她好像这句话已说出了口，为那人听到了，故打量趁此跑去。

管事先生知道她要害羞跑了，便说：“三三，你别走，我们是来看你碾坊的。

你娘呢？”“娘不在碾坊。

”“到堡子里听小寨人唱歌去了，是不是？”“是的。

”“你怎么不欢喜听那个？”“你怎么知道我不欢喜？”管事先生笑着说：“因为看你一个人回来，还以为你是听厌了那歌，担心这潭里鱼被人偷尽，所以赶回来看看，好小气！”三三同管事先生说着，慢慢地把头抬起，望到那生人的脸目了，白白的脸好像在甚么地方看见过，就估计：莫非这人是唱戏的小生，忘了擦去脸上的粉，所以那么白？……那男子见三三已不再怕人，就问：“这是你的家里吗？”三三说：“怎么不是我家里？”因为这答话很有趣味，那男子就说：“你住在这个山沟边，不怕大水把你冲去吗？”③三三抿着小小的美丽嘴唇，狠狠地望了这陌生男子一眼，心里想：“狗来了，你这人吓倒落到水里，水就会冲去你。