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教学目标：1. 让学生掌握本单元的核心词汇和短语。
2. 帮助学生理解课文内容，提高阅读理解能力。
3. 培养学生运用所学知识进行口头和书面表达的能力。
4. 增强学生对西方文化的了解。
教学对象：大学英语精读2学生教学课时：2课时教学重点：1. 课文中的重点词汇和短语。
2. 课文的主要内容和结构。
3. 文章的写作手法和修辞手法。
教学难点：1. 课文中的复杂句型。
2. 文章中的隐喻和象征意义。
教学过程：第一课时一、导入新课1. 教师简要介绍本单元的主题，激发学生的兴趣。
2. 提问：你们认为这个主题对我们的生活有什么意义？二、课文讲解1. 学生阅读课文，教师带领学生分析课文中的重点词汇和短语。
2. 学生朗读课文，教师纠正发音和语调。
3. 分析课文结构，讲解文章的写作手法和修辞手法。
三、课堂练习1. 学生进行词汇练习，巩固所学词汇。
2. 学生进行句子翻译练习，提高翻译能力。
3. 学生进行段落复述练习，锻炼口头表达能力。
四、课堂小结1. 教师总结本节课的重点内容。
2. 学生分享自己的学习心得。
第二课时一、复习导入1. 教师提问：上一节课我们学习了哪些内容？2. 学生回顾上一节课的学习内容。
二、课文精讲1. 教师讲解课文中的复杂句型，帮助学生理解。
2. 分析文章的隐喻和象征意义，引导学生深入思考。
三、课堂练习1. 学生进行阅读理解练习，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
2. 学生进行写作练习，运用所学知识进行写作。
四、课堂小结1. 教师总结本节课的重点内容。
2. 学生分享自己的学习心得。
五、布置作业1. 阅读课文，完成课后练习。
2. 搜集与课文主题相关的资料，撰写一篇短文。
教学反思：1. 教师应根据学生的实际情况调整教学进度，确保学生能够跟上教学节奏。
2. 注重培养学生的阅读能力和写作能力，提高学生的综合素质。
3. 鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动，提高学生的课堂参与度。
The boy was at first delighted to discover the present his mother had hidden away as his Christmas gift. But then he began to worry that his mother would now no longer have the pleasure of giving him a surprise. What was he to do?发现了母亲为他藏好的圣诞礼物男孩起先很高兴。
但接着他就开始担心，妈妈将因此失去给他一个惊喜的喜悦。
他该怎么办呢？Magician at Stretching a Dollar Russell Baker 1RT That December, with Christmas approaching, she was out at work and Doris was in the kitchen when I let myself into her bedroom one afternoon in search of a safety pin. Since her bedroom opened onto a community hallway, she kept the door locked, but needing the pin, I took the key from its hiding place, unlocked the door and stepped in. Standing against the wall was a big, black bicycle with balloon tires. I recognized it instantly. It was the same second-hand bike I'd been admiring in a Baltimore Street shop window. I'd even asked about the price. It was a shock. Something like $15. Somehow my mother had scraped together enough for a down payment and meant to surprise me with the bicycle on Christmas morning.那年的十二月，圣诞节临近了。
Lesson Eight “We’re Only Human”I．T eaching Objectives:After learning this unit, students are supposed to:1. get familiar with the rules of word formation ;2. get familiar with some grammatical points;3. get familiar with some proper noun;4. have a thorough understanding of the whole text: “We’re Only Human”5．get a list of the new words and expressions and be able to use them freely in writing and daily conversation;II.Listening and speaking activities1.Listen to the recording of the text and fill in the blanks about the main ideas of the article.2．What constitutes moral actions?III. Reading Comprehension and Language Activities1. Pre-reading discussions:1) When some people say that they are only human, what do they mean?2) Is human behavior biologically determined ( or genes-determined)?2. Background knowledge:﹡The author Dr. Laura C. Schlessinger was born in Brooklyn, New Y ork in 1947. she has a Ph.D. in physiology from Columbia University and a post-doctoral certification in marriage, family and child counseling from the University of Southern California, where, upon graduation, she became a faculty member and taught for five years. Dr. Laura Schlessinger is the recipient of many national awards and the author of many New Y ork Times best-sellers, including: Parenthood by Proxy: Don’t Have Them if You Won’t Raise Them(2000); Ten Stupid Things Men Do to Mess up Their Lives(1994); and How Could You Do That?!The Abdication of Character, Courage and Conscience(1996), a book based on Schlessinger’s conversations with her radio callers. The present text is an excerpt taken from the last book listed here, with some adaptations.﹡Every day in the United States of America:•4,219 teenagers contract sexually transmitted diseases•2,329 teenagers unintentionally become pregnant•908 teenagers who didn't intend on becoming pregnant obtain abortions•1,000 adolescents begin drinking alcohol•500 adolescents begin using illicit drugs•16,000 crimes are committed on school•There are 600,000 drug addicted children in the United States.•6% of boys between 16 and 18 carry guns outside the home for "protection."•While only four percent (4%) of inner-city school students report use of hard drugs, 13 percent (13%) report either dealing drugs or working for a drug dealer.•51% of graduating high school seniors admit having used illicit illicit [i'lisit] adj. 违法的；不正当的drugs by the time they reach their senior year of high school3.T ext analysis:The text can be divided into 4 parts:1. The first part explains altruism n. 利他；利他主义is representative of mankind in terms of moral observance.2. The second part illustrates how CHARACTER is the human source of pleasure.3. The third part describes the importance of courage for human moral development.4. The fourth part profoundly and comprehensively explains how conscience works in human morality. 4. Language points:1)Vocabulary(1). bachelor party(AmE) a party for men only, esp the night before a man’s wedding.(2). vegetable: someone who can not think or move because their brain is damaged.(3). to get in the way: to prevent somebody from doing sth(4)blueprint: (technical)the pattern in every living cell, which decides how the plant, animal or person will develop and how it will look like.(5)leap of faith: a belief or trust in something intangible or incapable of being proved, e.g.It requires a leap of faith to pursue this unusual step of transplanting an animal heart into a human patient.(6)at the expense of: with some harm done to,We have been developing our economy at the expense of our environment.It is unwise to increase production at the expense of quality.(7)to come in: to be involvedEverybody has a part to play, where do I come in?I don’t understand. It seems to be a very practical problem. Where does social responsibility come in?2)Grammatical points and structure﹡Be elevated(p2): achieve a more important rank or status•Be elevated to the post of chancellor•Emotional stress can elevate blood pressure.(to increase in amount, significance or intensity)•Elevate pop singers to idols (consider it to be more important than it really is)﹡Drive(p6): a strong need or desire ; energy and determination•n. 车道＝driveway•I thought we might go for a drive.兜风•disk drive•Rescuers battling through driving snow迎面扑来的劲雪•China’s early intellectuals with background of oversea education played a major role in our nation’s drive toward democracy.(a special effort made by a group of people)﹡Derive(p7): derive pleasure or benefit from sth or sb•He is one of those happy people who derive pleasure from helping others.•Defensive behavior patterns derive from our subconscious fears. (A word or feeling derives from / is derived from)﹡Forge(p8)•~ an alliance or relationship (create it through hard work and hope it to be lasting and strong)•~ sth (achieve sth difficult): prisons often help inmates forge new careers.•~ passport, banknote, document, painting, signature, etc. 伪造•~ a blade 铸剑﹡Honor(p10)•授予Two American surgeons were last week ~ed with the Nobel Prize.•荣幸It’s my ~ to have your/ I’m ~ed by your confidence in me.•信守The two sides agreed to ~ a ceasefire.•庆祝City Bank is holding a dinner in ~ of the opening of their new branch in Shanghai.•感谢President Bush will attend a concert in his ~ / in ~ of firefighters.﹡Commitment(p): a strong belief in an idea or system; 责任；承诺•~ to the ideals of Bolshevism•Work ~s forced her to uproot herself from V ancouver.•They made a ~ to nuclear nonproliferation.commit a crime or a sin;commit suicidebe ~ted to sth致力于The government ~ted billions of dollars for a program to reduce acid rain.(use specially专门用于)Think twice before you ~ yourself to working Sundays.(decide to do)It isn’t their diplomatic style to ~ themselves on such a delicate issue. (say what you real ly think or want to do表态) ﹡If I could project you fifteen years into the future (p14): to device in the mindProject one’s country oversea向海外介绍自己的国家----He projected the weather for the coming week. 预测下个星期的天气----The wall is projected in the middle.设计----A politician must project himself as a reformer if he wants to win an election.Project oneself as 营造自己形象project slides onto a screen 放幻灯片Project a new dam/carry out a project﹡Sustain(p17)•~ the weight / the extra expenses承受An unshakable faith ~ me.支持•~ public interest/ the product’s quality~ a family / life 养家，维持•~ hardships / the shock / comparison经受•~ a defeat / a loss蒙受Sustainable growth可持续增长•Sustained illness/attacks 久病;持续进攻﹡Initiative(p17)have/seize the initiative e.g.He did not have the initiative to start his own business.(掌握主动权)on one’s own initiative e.g He went to see the headmaster in his own initiative.(主动地)take the initiative e.g Why don’t you take the initiative and arrange a meeting? (带头)do sth. on one's own initiative 主动地做某事﹡Courage is to life what broth is to soup. (simile)Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what / as Henry Ford was to cars.﹡Conform to(p22)•The meat market can continue only if it is radically overhauled全面检查to conform with/to strict EU standards.(to meet the rules or the desired quality)•I am well aware that we all conform to one stereotype or another. (very similar to)•In conformity with a law or regulation or sb’s wishes根据，符合﹡Adam and Eve•Adam from ea rth, and Eve from Adam’s rib, The Garden of Eden•The temptation of the serpent•The fall of man, the original sin•The expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden•Fulfill vows of penance﹡Devastating(p25): very destructive•Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriage.•He returned to his best with a devastating display of galloping and jumping. (very impressive)•A few days before, a fire had devastated part of Windsor Castle.﹡T ransitory(p26): lasting only for a short time•Most teenage romances are transitory.•Temporary: lasting for only a limited time•Most adolescent problems are temporary﹡Metonymy (借代)与Metaphor (隐喻)的区别•隐喻是不同类事物的比拟(comparing materials across domains),借代是同一类事物的比拟(comparingmaterials within domains)。
大学英语精读第三版第二册Book2Unit8答案上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编1) decrease2) outside3) plus4) vague5) hard6) empty7) thin8) fall9) exclusive10) clever11) light12) present13) false14) stale15) pull16) at least17) minor18) alive/living19) relatively20) narrow1) is on the rise2) numerous3) was launched4) come to no good end/come to bad ends5) different from6) go down7) being hard on/being so hard on the child8) an indication9) possess10) a case in point1) out of style2) In the case of3) overnight4) on the other hand5) evidence6) clue7) incident8) corresponding9) contagious10) lay in11) anyway12) reinforced13) behavior1) We think of the Great Wall of China as one of the wonders of the world.2) Medical scientists have long recognized that heart disease is linked to cigarette smoking.3) San Francisco and Shanghai are both major seaports and financial centers, but unlike Shanghai, San Francisco is hilly and surrounded by water on three sides.4) An increase in investments will lead to a corresponding rise in profits in times of rapid economic growth.5) The size of the prize tempted many people to enter the competition.6) All the ca ndidates for the position must meet the requirement of successful completion of secondary school.1) disagreement2) disadvantage3) disappear4) disapprove5) misbehave6) discomfort7) miscount8) discontented9) discontinue10) disclose11) misdeed12) misdirect13) misfortune14) misguide15) dishearten16) dishonor17) misjudge18) mislead19) disobey20) disorder21) misprint22) misspelling23) mistranslate24) misunderstanding1) overpraised2) overate3) overwork4) overcrowded5) overweight6) overloading7) overanxious8) Overpopulation1) shoe repairers2) clothes shops3) cigarette packets4) customs duties5) child welfare6) arms control7) a salesperson/a sales clerk8) a ticket office1) Helen will have that dress altered to fit her.2) It was Qin Shi Huang who had all the walls joined up.3) I had my meals brought to me when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.4) He had three of his teeth knocked out in the fight.5) Bill had his hat blown off when (he was) crossing the bridge.6) The sleeping cat lay too near the fire and had its tail slightly burned.1) Our team is likely to win the game.2) Davis is not likely to get home before dark.3) These old buildings are very likely to be knocked down in a year or two.4) As the young man is very short of money, he is likely to apply for the dangerous job advertised in the paper.5) The old lady was even less likely to survive the operation if she got any worse.6) As Nancy is one of the best tennis players on the school team, she is most likely to be singled out for special training.1) The wish of the scientists is to find new resources for mankind.2) Her goal in life is to work hard for the happiness of all people in the world.3) The object of my visit was to consult your uncle as to how I could learn English better.4) Jefferson's / His purpose in making on-the-spot observations of the James River was to find out whether its South Branch was deep enough to be used by large boats.5) No. My approach is not to learn everything about something, but rather to learn something about everything.1) evidence2) on the rise3) behavior4) launched5) campaigns6) contagious7) Numerous8) linked9) unlike10) reinforced1) pair2) never3) very4) won5) On6) happened7) when8) along9) stopped10) help11) to12) station13) found14) gone15) lying16) this17) recognized18) back19) like20) strong21) fists22) got23) never24) on1) computer games2) was getting married3) hesitated4) Unfortunately5) Worse still6) forever7) positive8) property9) learn a lesson10) it's too bad I won't be able to replace it翻译1) 巨额投资(investment)使这一地区的经济得以迅速发展。
大学英语精读第四册UnitEight内容讲解大学英语精读第四册Unit Eight内容讲解导语：洞穴通常由水的侵蚀作用，或是风与微生物等其他外力的风化作用形成。
下面是讲解一篇有关洞穴的英语课文，欢迎大家来学习。
TextWould you choose to live underground if you could gain many advantages from doing so? Weather would no longer trouble you. Temperature would remain the same all the year round. Artificial lighting could make the rhythm of our life uniform everywhere. And the ecology of the natural world above ground would be greatly improved. Still, the prospect of moving underground may not be appealing to many people.THE NEW CAVESIsaac AsimovDuring the ice ages, human beings exposed to the colder temperatures of the time would often make their homes in caves. There they found greater comfort and security than they would have in the open.We still live in caves called houses, again for comfort and security. Virtually no one would willingly sleep on the ground under the stars. Is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground -- in new, manmade caves?It may not seem a palatable suggestion, at first though. We have so many evil associations with the underground. In our myths and legends, the underground is the realm of evil spirits and of the dead, and is often the location of an afterlife of torment. (This may be because dead bodies are buriedunderground, and because volcanic eruptions make the underground appear to be a hellish place of fire and noxious gases.)Yet there are advantages to underground life, too, and something to be said for imagining whole cities, even mankind generally, moving downward; of having the outermost mile of the Earth's crust honeycombed with passages and structures, like a gigantic ant hill.First, weather would no longer be important, since, it is primarily a phenomenon of the atmosphere. Rain, snow, sleet, fog would not trouble the underground world. Even temperature variations are limited to the open surface and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world remain equable and nearly constant. The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved. The damage done to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone. Transportation over local distances would be simplified. (Earthquakes would remain a danger, of course.)Second, local time would no longer be important. On the surface, the tyranny of day and night cannot be avoided, and when it is morning in one place, it is noon in another, evening in still another and midnight in yet another. The rhythm of human life therefore varies from place to place. Underground, where there is no externally produced day, but only perpetual darkness, it would be arificial lighting that produces the day and this could be adjusted to suit man's convenience.The whole world could be on eight-hour shifts, starting andending on the stroke everywhere, at least as far as business and community endeavors were concerned. This could be important in a freely mobile world. Air transportation over long distances would no longer have entail "jet lag." Individuals landing on another coast or another continent would find the society they reached geared to the same time of day as at home.Third, the ecological structure could be stabilized. T o a certain extent, mankind encumbers the Earth. It is not only his enormous numbers that take up room; more so, it is all the structures he builds to house himself and his machines, to make possible his transportation and communication, to offer him rest and recreation. All these things distort the wild, depriving many species of plants and animals of their natural habitat -- and sometimes, involuntarily, favoring a few, such as rats and roaches.If the works of man were removed below ground -- and, mind you, below the level of the natural world of the burrowing animals —— man would still occupy the surface with his farms, his forestry, his observation towers, his air terminals and so on, but the extent of that occupation would be enormously decreased. Indeed, as one imagines the underground world to become increasingly elaborate, one can visualize much of the food supply eventually deriving from hydroponic growth in artificially illuminated areas underground. The Earth's surface might be increasingly turned over to park and to wilderness, maintained at ecological stability.Fourth, nature would be closer. It might seem that to withdraw underground is to withdraw from the natural world, but would that be so? Would the withdrawal be more complete than it is now, when so many people work in city buildings that are often windowless and artificially conditioned? Even where thereare windows, what is the prospect one views (if one bothers to) but sun, sky, and buildings to the horizon -- plus some limited greenery?And to get away from the city now? T o reach the real countryside? One must travel horizontally for miles, first across city pavements and then across suburban sprawls.In an underworld culture, the countryside would be right there, a few hundred yards above the upper level of the cities -- wherever you are. The surface would have to be protected from too frequent, or too intense, or too careless visiting, but however carefully restricted the upward trips might be, the chances are that the dwellers of the new caves would see more greenery, under ecologically healthier conditions, than dwellers of surface cities to today.However odd and repulsive underground living may seem at first thought, there are tings to be said for it -- and I haven't even said them all.New Wordsvirtuallyad. almostsomedayad. at some uncertain future time 有朝一日undergrounda. below the surface of the earth; secret 地下的;秘密的ad. under the earth's surface; secretlymanmadea. produced by people; not existing in naturepalatablea. agreeable to the taster or (fig.) to the mind; acceptable 可口的;受欢迎的associationn. an idea or object connected with another idea in thought 联想legendn. an old story handed down from the past, esp. one of doubtful truth 传说;传奇spiritjn. 神灵;鬼怪locationn. a place or position 场所，位置afterlifen. the life after death as is believed by some people 来世tormentn. sever pain or suffering in mind or body 痛苦;折磨volcanica. of, like, produced or caused by a volcanoeruptionn. outbreak of a volcano; (an example of) the action of erupting (火山)爆发hellisha. like hell, horrible, devilishnoxiousharmful to people, plants, or animals 有害的，有毒的mankindn. the human race 人类downwardad. towards a lower level or positionoutermosta. farthest from the inside or centercrustn. 地壳honeycombvt. fill with holes, tunnels, etc. 使成蜂窝状gigantica. huge, enormous; of or like a giant 巨大的，庞大的antn. 蚂蚁fogn. very thick mistvariationn. the action of varying; an example or degree of varying 变化equablea. steady; not changing much 稳定的constanta. unchanging; fixed 永桓的simplifyvt. make simple; make easy to do or understandearthquaken. sudden and violent movements of the earth's surface 地震tyrannyn. the cruel or unjust use of power to rule a person or country 专制varyv. (cause to) the different 变化variablea. likely to vary; not steady 易变的n. sth. which can vary in quantity or size 变量externallyad. outsideexternal a.artificala. not natural or real; manmadeadjustvt. set right; change slightly, esp. in order to make suitable for a particular job or new conditions 调整;调节conveniencen. personal comfort or advantage; the quality of being convenient 便利，方便convenient a.stoken. sound made by a bell striking the hours 钟鸣声communityn. the people living in a particular area considered as a whole; the area itself 社区(居民)endeavo(u)rn. effort, attempt 努力vt. 试图mobilea. movable; able to move, or be moved, quickly and easily 活动的entailvt. make (an event or action) necessary 使成为必需jetn. a narrow stream or streams of liquid, gas, etc. coming forcefully out of a small hole; any aircraft that is pushed through the air by a jet engine 喷射;喷气式飞机lagn. falling behind; interval between two related events, processes, etc. 滞后;(事件等的)间隔jet lag(长时间乘飞机旅行后产生的)时差反应coastn. the land on or close to the edge of the sea 海岸;海滨gearvt. adjust, adapt,; connect by gearsn. 齿轮;(汽车等的)排档stabilizev. (cause to) become firm, steady, or unchanging; (cause to) keep in balance 使稳定;使平衡extentn. degree; length; area; range 程度，范围encumbervt. crowd, fill up; hinder, hamper the function of 塞满，妨碍recreationn. play or amusement 娱乐deprivevt. take away from; prevent from using or enjoying 剥夺speciesn. 物种habitatn. natural home of a plant or an animal 产地;栖息involuntarilyad. carried out without one's conscious wishes, unintentionally 不自觉地;无意识地ratn. 鼠roachn. 蟑螂burrowv. dig a hole in the ground 打(地洞)n. a hole made in the ground (by foxes, rabbits, etc.)forestryn. forest land; science of planting and caring for forests 林地;林学terminaln. a place or set of buildings for the use of passengers 终点站air terminaln. a building at an airport for boarding and discharging passengers from aircraft; a bus station in center of a town for passengers going to or arriving from an airport 航空终点站;航空集散站occupationn. the act of occupying or the state or period of being occupiedelaboratea. worked out with great care; complicated 精心制作的.;复杂的visualizevt. form a picture of (sb. or sth.) in the mind; imagine 想像visuala. of or gained by seeing 视觉的derivevi. come (from); originate 来(自)，起源(于)vt. gethydroponica. 溶液培养(学)的;水栽法的illuminatevt. give light to; throw light on 照亮，照明wildernessn. wild uncultivated waste land 荒野stabilityn. the quality or state of being stable 稳定(性)withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn)v. move back or away; take out or away 撤退，撤回withdrawaln. withdrawing or being withdrawnconditionvt. bring into a desired state or condition 使处于良好状态greeneryn. green leaves or plants 草木countrysiden. land outside the cities and towns; country area 农村horizontallyad. 水平地horizontal a.pavementn. (BrE) a paved surface or path a street for people to walk on, (AmE) the paved surface of a street (英)人行道， (美)铺过的道路suburbana. of or in a suburb 郊区的sprawln. a widespread untidy area, esp. of buildings 散乱的街区underworldn. a region undergroundculturen. ideas, customs and art shared by a particular society; a particular society or civilization 文化;文明intensea. (of qualities) high in degree 强烈的restrictvt. keep within limits 限制dwellern. a person or animal that lives (in the stated place); inhabitant 居住者repulsivea. very unpleasant; causing strong dislike and fear 令人厌恶的Phrases & Expressionsexpose toleave no longer covered or protected 使暴露在in the open在户外，在野外add toincrease 增加on the stokeat exactly the time stated or agree upon 准点地at first thoughtwhen considered for the first 乍一想to a certain extentpartly, to a certain degree 在一定程度上take upoccupy (space, time, etc.) 占据deprive oftake away from; prevent from using or having 剥夺mind you(used as an interj.) please note, take this fact into account 听着;请注意derive fromcome from; obtain from 来自，起源于;从……得到turn overgive (to sb.) for use or care 移交;交给get away fromsucceed in leaving; escape 离开;逃脱。
UNIT 8TEXTA young boy faces the impossible task of trying to soften the blow of tragic mews.You Go Your Way, I'll Go MineThe messenger got off his bicycle in front of the house of Mrs. Rosa Sandoval. He went to the door and knocked gently. He knew almost immediately that someone was inside the house. He could not hear anything, but he was sure the knock was bringing someone to the door and he was most eager to see who this person would be -- his woman named Rosa Sandoval who was now to heat of murder in the world and to feel it in herself. The door was not a long time opening, but there was no hurry in the way it moved on its hinges. The movement of the door was as if, whoever she was, she and nothing in the world to fear. Then the door was open, and there she was.To Homer the Mexican woman was beautiful. He could see that she had been patient all her life, so that now, after years of it, her lips were set in a gentle and saintly smile. But like all people who never receive telegrams the appearance of a messenger at the front door is full of terrible implication. Homer knew that Mrs. Rosa Sandoval was shocked to see him. Her first word was the first word of all surprise. She said "Oh," as if instead of a messenger she had thought of opening the door to someone she had know a long time and would be pleased to sit down with. Before she spoke again she studied Homer's eyes and Homer Knew that she knew the message was not a welcome one."You have a telegram?" she said.It wasn't Homer's fault. His work was to deliver telegrams. Even so, it seemed to him that he was part of the whole mistake. He felt awkward and almost as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. At the same time he wanted to come right out and say, "I'm only a messenger, Mrs. Sandoval, I'm very sorry I must bring you a telegram like this, but it is only because it is my work to do so.""Who is it for?" the Mexican woman said."Mrs. Rosa Sandoval, 1129 G Street." Homer said. He extended the telegram to the Mexican woman, but she would not touch it."Are you Mrs. Sandoval?" Homer said."Please," the woman said. "Please come in. I cannot read English. I am Mexican. I read only La Prensa which comes from Mexico City." She paused a moment and looked at the boy standing awkwardly as near the door as he could be and still be inside the house."Please," she said, "what does the telegram say?""Mrs. Sandoval," the messenger said, "the telegram says --"But now the woman interrupted him. "But you must open the telegram and read it to me," she said. "You have not opened it.""Yes, ma'am," Homer said as if he were speaking to a school teacher who had just corrected him.He opened the telegram with nervous fingers. The Mexican woman stooped to pick up thetorn envelope, and tried to smooth it out. As she did so she said, "Who sent the telegram -- my son Juan Domingo?""No, ma'am." Homer said. "The telegram is from the War Department.""War Department?" the Mexican woman said."Mrs. Sandoval," Homer said swiftly, "your son is dead. Maybe it's a mistake, Everybody makes a mistake, Mrs. Sandoval. Maybe it wasn't your son. Maybe it was somebody else. The telegram says it was Juan Domingo. But maybe the telegram is wrong,"The Mexican woman pretended not to hear."Oh, do not be afraid," she said. "Come inside. Come inside. I will bring you candy." She took the boy's arm and brought him to the table at the center of the room and there she made him sit."All boys like candy," she said. "I will bring you candy." She went into another room and soon returned with an old chocolate candy box. She opened the box at the table and in it Homer saw a strange kind of candy."Here," she said. "Eat this candy. All boys like candy."Homer took a piece of the candy from the box, put it into his mouth, and tried to chew."You would not bring me a bad telegram," she said. "You are a good boy -- like my little Juanito when he was a little boy. Eat another piece." And she made the messenger take another piece of the candy.Homer sat chewing the dry candy while the Mexican woman talked. "It is our own candy," she said, "from cactus. I made it for my Juanito when he come home, but you eat it. You are my boy, too."Now suddenly she began to sob, holding herself in as if weeping were a disgrace. Homer wanted to get up and run, but he knew he would stay. He even thought he might stay the rest of his life. He just didn't know what else to do to try to make the woman less unhappy, and if she had asked him to take the place of her son, he would not have been able to refuse, because he would not have known how. He got to his feet, as if by standing he meant to begin correcting what could not be corrected and then he knew the foolishness of this intention and became more awkward than ever. In his heart he was saying over and over again, "What can I do? What the hell can I do? I'm only the messenger."NEW WORDSsoftenv. (cause to) become soft(er) or gentle （使）软化；（使）温和tragica. very sad, unfortunate; of or related to tragedy 悲惨的；悲剧的messengern. a person employed to deliver telegrams, letters or parcels 送信人，电报投递员gentlyad. softly 轻轻地immediatelya. at onceimmediatea.eagera. marked by strong interest or impatient desire 热切的，渴望的hingen. 铰链whoeverpron. no matter who 无论谁，不管谁saintlya. like a saint; very holy 像圣徒一样的；圣洁的implicationn. 含义implyvt.shockvt. cause unpleasant or angry surprise to (sb.) 使（某人）震惊delivervt. take (sth.) to the place where it esp. sth. bad 交付，递送awkwarda. uncomfortable 尴尬的responsiblea. having done or been the cause of esp. sth. bad（应）负责的Mexicann & a. 墨西哥人；墨西哥（人）的extendvt. hold out 伸出pausevi. stop for a short time暂停，中止interruptvt. stop (sb. speaking) by breaking in 打断（某人讲话）nervousa. 神经质的；紧张的ma'ammadam (used in direct address)夫人，太太，小姐smoothvt. make smooth or smoother把...弄平departmentn. 部门；系swiftlyad. rapidly, quickly快速地；敏捷地swifta.chocolaten. 巧克力（糖）chewvt. crush (food) with the teeth 咀嚼cactusn. 仙人掌sobvi. cry with short, quick breaths 啜泣；呜咽disgracen. shame 耻辱；丢脸的人（或事）unhappya. not happyhelln. 地狱PHRASES & EXPRESSIONShear ofhave knowledge of or receive information about 听到，听说be responsible forbe the cause of 应对...负责的come out (with)speak out 大声地说，清楚地说smooth outmake smooth(er)hold oneself incontrol one's feelingstake the place ofact or be used instead of, replace 代替，取代get to one's feelstand upover and over againvery often, repeatedly 反复地，再三地PROPER NAMESRosa Sandoval罗莎.桑多瓦尔Homer霍默Mexico City墨西哥城（墨西哥首都）Juan Domingo胡安多明哥the War Department（美国）陆军部（旧称）Juanito胡安尼特（Juan的昵称）。
⼤学英语精读第三册课后练习答案（KeytoExercisesUnit8）Unit 8Study & PracticeII. Comprehension of the Text1. l) d 2) d 3) c 4) a 5) b 6) e 7) b 8) cIII. Vocabulary ActivitiesI. 1) neglects 2) attain3) will ... interfere with 4) hostile5) shaped 6) projecting7) appropriately 8) creative9) will contribute to 10) span11) remarkable 12) vision13) soared 14) supposedly2. 1) picture 2) appropriately3) go about 4) amount to5) achievement 6) benefit7) growth 8) Due to9) no substitute for 10) neglected brushing11) tense3.1) go about 2) dream of3) set aside 4) amount to5) interfere with 6) have gone beyond7) contributed to 8) reacted to/will react to9) was getting along with lO) lies inIV. Enriching Your Word Power1. l) sunbathe 2) shoplift 3) air-drop 4) heat-treat5) baby-sit 6) mass-produce 7) sleepwalk 8) typewrite2. 1) covered 2) made 3) good 4) cutting5) minded 6) willed 7) day 8) minute9) class 10) out 11) built 12) matter13) forgotten 14) wellV. Usage1. affect my decision2. the effect of the sleeping pills3. had a serious effect on/seriously affected the growth of crops4. will affect/have an effect on his eyesight5. was affected by the rain6. didn't have any effect7. effect a complete change8. had an almost immediate effect on/almost immediately affected his thinkingVI. StructureI. 1 ) Give us the tools and we will finish the job in two days.2) Turn over the page and you will see what I mean.3) Think of the difficulties that face us, and you will realize why progress is slow.4) Give them an inch and they will take a mile.5) Follow my instructions and you won*t get lost.6) Take a ten- or fifteen-minute "vacation" into the realm of the imagination each day, and you will probably add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life.2. 1 ) My brother, a young chemist, is conducting experiments in much the same way that his instructor used to do.2) The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.3) Mrs. Lu, born and brought up in France. does cooking in much the same way thatthe French do.4) Your nervous system reacts to what you imagine to be true in much the same way that it does to real experiences.5) English is taught in your country in much the same way that Spanish is taught in ours.VII. Cloze1. (1) hostile (2) interfere with (3) amount to (4) fantasy(5) benefits (6) contribute (7) recommend (8) picture(9) vision (10) supposedly (1l) neglect (12) substitute(13) attain2. (11) open (2) singing (3) window (4) what(15) sitting (6) in (7) say (8) so(9) that (10) not (1l) daydreaming (12) same(13) thoughtsVIII. Translation1. We didn't like his attitude that he deserved special treatment.2. Even if you are one of the best students in class, in order to maintain your grades youmust review your lessons often.3. Some of the old fantasies about the space age have come true.4. It is true that some people achieve success very early in life, while others must work along time before attaining their goals.5. He maintained that the failure of the experiment was largely due to inadequatepreparation.6. Researchers now recommend that we take time every day to project our desired goalsonto the semen in our minds.Reading ActivityExercise A1. b2. d3. a4. aExercise B1. For example (Group 1), Although (Group 2)2. Since (Group 5), Thus (Group 4)Exercise CI.F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. F 7. F 8. T 9. TliLTExercise D( Appendix 3)Guided Writing1. Paragraph 3: Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way thatattitudes towards night dreaming have changed.Paragraph 6: The most remarkable thing about daydreaming may be its usefulness inshaping our future lives as we want them to be..How to Attain Our Goals in LifeAs a sailing ship has a certain destination, so we must have a definite goal in our life. To succeed in life, a man must learn to develop such qualities in himself asindustry, persistence, confidence, and strong willpower. Here I would like to dwell alittle on the first two.Undoubtedly, hard work is the key to success. Take Peter G. Beidler for example. Having chosen teaching as his career, Professor Beidler made a great effort to meet the challenges of the profession. Day after day he stayed up late preparing his lectures,even when his eyes became swollen for lack of sleep. His subsequent success as ateacher was borne out by the fact that he was named The Professor of the Year in 1983. Obviously his success has had a great deal to do with hard work.Persistence is another important factor leading to the realization of one's goal in life. Once we have set a goal for ourselves, we must not depart from our course untilwe reach it. The mother in Unit 5 is a case in point. She refused to give up in the faceof all the challenges in life. Instead, she persisted in improving herself. In the end, she became a reporter with a local newspaper. Clearly persistence helped to make herdream come true.。
外教社大学英语精读第1册第8单元参考答案Comprehension of the textIII1.b2.a3.d4.c5. b6.b7. d8.aVocabularyV.1.f2.i3.h4. e5.c6.a7.j8.g9.d 10.bVI.1.1) hear 2)heard of 3)heard of 4) hear2.1) fault 2)mistake 3) mistake 4) faultVIII.1. however2.whoever3.whatever4. Whichever5. whenever6. Wherever7. Whoever 8. wherever 9. whichever 10.whatever 11.Whenever 12.HoweverVIII.1. taken the place of2. immediately3. tragic4. awkward5. swiftly6.over and over again 10. got t o his feet 11. be delivered 12. eager 13. chew 14. come outIX1. Electric stoves have taken the place of gas rings in many households in many households in this city.2. In earlier times, divorce was (taken as ) a disgrace to a family; now, however, it has become more acceptable.3. The sight of a policeman walking towards him made the thief very nervous.4. All the women in our neighborhood were shocked by the way the law was broken.5.The expression on his face showed that he was extremely eager to get started.6. She is studying for an exam tomorrow, so you'd better mot interrupt her.Word BuildingX.1.manly2.cowardly3. brotherly4. fatherly5.scholarly6.beastlyXI.1. 1) implication 2) implying 3) implied 4) implication2. 1) surprised 2.)surprise 3)Surprisingly 4) surprised3. 1) response 2) responded 3) irresponsible 4) responsible 5) responsibility 6) responsible4. 1) Incorrect 2) correcting 3) correct 4) correctness 5) correctly 6) correcting5. 1) smoothly 2) smoothing (out) 3) smooth 4) smoothness 5) smooth6. 1) dead 2) deadly 3) deadly 4) died, death 5) deadStructureXII.1.1) She was greatly shocked by the way things were done in that company.2) That was the way minority nationalities were treated in old China.3) I hate the way she stares at me.4) The way he talked reminded us of his grandfather.2.1) They hurried me, so that I forgot to turn off the TV before leaving.2) George often told lies, so that no one believed him even when he spoke the truth.3) Everybody lent a hand, so that the work was finished ahead of schedule / time.4) Sam is good at planning his time, so thatch has adequate time for both work and play.CloseXIII.(A)(1)deliver (2)tragic (3) nervous (4) awkward (5) immediately (6) extended(7) eager (8) came out (9) responsible (10) hold (11) in (12) got to his feet(B)(1) were (2)everywhere (3) of (4) was (5) left (6) go (7) an (8) towards (9) Where (10) far(11) battle (12) who (13) angrily /loudly (14) when (15) knowTranslationXIV.1. She stooped to pick up the handkerchief and smoothed it our on the table.2. The implication of his statement is that he'd like a job in a government department.3. She paused a moment, wiped her mouth with a small handkerchief and then went on to tell us w hat had happened in the shirt factory.4. Mr. Adams was greatly shocked to find /see his 13-urst-old son stealing money from his wallet.5. "Please do not interrupt me, " said Mr. Adams to his wife. "I'm talking to Tom about what he h as just done."6. How can I be responsible for what he says?7. The young boy was eager to make the woman less unhappy, but he did not know what to do.8. With an effort, he held himself in / held in his feelings and pretended not to have heard the sad n ews.Key to Reading PracticeExercise A1. It was Galileo's wise use of the telescope that helped him understand that the sun is the center of the planets.2. c, d, e3. By means of his telescope.4. Twelve.5. dExercise B1. c2. b-d-c-a3. c4. d5. a6. c7. d8. b9. d 10. b 11. dExercise C1. 那妇人转身来用脚踢他，然后伸手揪住男孩的衬衣把提了起来，接着双摇晃他，直到他的牙齿格格作响。
