2021年大学英语四级最新预测试题

12月英语四级预测试题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Styles of Living. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 有人乐意和父母居住在一起2. 有人想自己独立居住3. 我看法Styles of Living Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7，markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.How Ice Cream Works The U.S. ice cream industry sells about a million gallons of ice cream each year，dispensing cones，gallons，pints，sundaes and other desserts through grocery stores and ice cream shops. In fact，eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert?Not just any frozen treat can be called ice cream. In fact，the U.S. Department of Agriculture has specific rules that define what can and can't be labeled "ice cream". To bear the "Meets USDA Ingredient Standard for Ice Cream" stamp，it has to contain at least 10 percent milk fat，and a minimum of six percent non-fat milk solids. A gallon has to weigh at least 4.5 pounds.The range of milk fat (sometimes referred to as butter fat) used in ice cream can go from the minimum 10 percent to a maximum of about 16 percent. Most premium ice creams use 14 percent milk fat. Higher fat content leads to better，richer taste and a creamier texture. Ice cream makers don't go higher than 16 percent because it would be costly and very high in calories. An ice cream with this much milk fat would also taste so rich that people would probably eat it in smaller amounts，which would be bad news for people who sell ice cream for a living.Other frozen desserts，such as sorbets (果汁冰糕)，low-fat ice cream，and frozen yogurt，are not technically ice cream at all. Frozen custard is ice cream that has at least 1.4 percent egg yolk solids，and "soft serve" can be any frozen milkbased dessert that has not gone through the hardening process—more on that later.In terms of specific ingredients，the recipe for ice cream is simple. But in scientific terms，it's complicated stuff. Ice cream is a colloid，a type of emulsion(乳状液). An emulsion is a combination of two substances that don't normally mix together. Instead，one of the substances is dispersed throughout the other. In ice cream，molecules of fat are suspended in a water-sugar-ice structure along with air bubbles. The presence of air meansthat ice cream is also technically a foam.In addition to milk fat，non-fat milk solids，sugar，and air，ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers. Stabilizers help hold the air bubble structure together and give the ice cream a better texture. Although gelatin(凝胶) was originally used as a stabilizer，xanthan gum，guar gum，and other compounds are used today. Emulsifiers keep the ice cream smooth and aid the distribution of the fat molecules throughout the colloid. Egg yolks were once used，but ice cream manufacturers now tend to use other chemical compounds. These stabilizers and emulsifiers make up a very small proportion (less than one percent) of the ice cream.Making Ice Cream Whether it's being made in your kitchen with a hand crank，at a local homemade ice cream shop with a stand-alone ice cream maker，or in a factory that cranks out thousands of gallons of ice cream every day，the process of making ice cream is basically the same. The only difference is the scale of the operation.First，you need ice cream mix. You can buy commercially made ice cream mix that is set to a certain milk fat content. Ice cream factories usually make their own mix by combining milk，cream and sugar in a 3,000 gallon vat，with the proportions and mixing controlled by computers. The mix is then pasteurized(用巴氏法灭菌)，or heated，to kill any harmful bacteria. If you were to make your own mix at home，you could pasteurize it by cooking it in a double boiler，or use an egg substitute or pasteurized egg product. This step is important because otherwise people who eat your homemade icecream could get sick due to salmonella contamination. According to the Centers for Disease Control，those most at risk include the elderly，very young children，and people with compromised immune systems.The next step in production is adding flavor to the mix. There are thousands of varieties of ice cream，so just about any combination of flavors is possible. From vanilla to cinnamon，chocolate to triple chocolate fudge brownie，it all gets blended into the ice cream mix. In a factory，this step takes place in vats that hold hundreds of gallons of ice cream，while giant steel paddles do the mixing. In your kitchen，a large bowl and a food mixer will work，or even a wooden spoon and muscle power if you want some exercise. Solid chunks such as pieces of fruit，chocolate chunks，marshmallows，and candy are added later.The next step is where and ice cream making machine comes into play. The mix has to be simultaneously frozen and whipped. In a factory，this happens in a giant tube surrounded by pipes. The pipes contain chemicals such as ammonia that freeze the tube，but the ammonia never comes into contact with the ice cream. The ice cream mix is pumped through the tube，where it gets cold very quickly. A dasher，or blade，turns inside the tube. This whips the mixture，introducing the air bubbles that help give ice cream its structure. The dasher also scrapes the sides of the tube，clearing off ice crystals that form there. This prevents large ice crystals from ruining the flavor and texture of the ice cream. All the elements of this process are carefully monitored and controlled by computers. Most homemade ice cream shops use a batch freezer for this step，where the same process happens ona smaller scale.This step can be accomplished at home with a rock salt/ice mixture for freezing and a hand or electric cranked dasher to mix and scrape off the ice crystals.Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker，the process isn't finished. At this point，the mixture is frozen，but still soft. Large chunks of candy and other goodies are now added. Then the ice cream is placed into containers. Factory machines pour it straight into cartons or buckets，or it can be extruded(挤压出)into shapes that have wooden sticks placed into them for individual treats.Now the ice cream needs to be reduced to a very low temperature，zero degrees Fahrenheit or below. Factories make it even colder since they need the ice cream to stay frozen while it is packaged and loaded onto trucks. It needs to be very cold to freeze the ice cream quickly and prevent the formation of large ice crystals. This process is known as hardening. "Soft-serve" is often simply ice cream that has not gone through this process.We'll learn about the ice cream industry in the next section.Ice Cream Industry In 1999，retail sales of ice cream in the U.S.，the worldwide leader in ice cream production，topped $4 billion. In ，more that $20 billion was spent on frozen desserts. The leading states in ice cream consumption are California，Indiana，Pennsylvania，Texas and New York . Americans ate an average of 21.5 quarts of ice cream per person in .With that much money to be made，the ice cream industry can besecretive and underhanded(秘密). Deborah Hanny，owner of Sweet Jenny's Ice cream in Williamsville，NY，protects her recipes carefully. Her shop has been photographed by men in suits and she once caught someone in he upstairs office hurriedly trying to copy down her recipes.Ice cream making secrets are seldom passed down from generation to generation these days. So where do people in the ice cream industry learn their craft?At ice cream school. Pennsylvania State University offers a week-long "Ice Cream Short Course" intended for industry professionals. The course teaches the science and technology used to make ice cream. The also offer Ice Cream 101 for ice cream hobbyists who just want to learn more about their favorite frozen treat. The University of Guelph，Ontario's Dairy Science and Technology school，also has a long history of teaching ice cream science.1. Eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.2. Any frozen treat can be called ice cream.3. In addition to milk fat，non-fat milk solids，sugar，and air，ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers.4. The process of making ice cream at home is different from that in a factory.5. Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker，the process is finished.6. Ice cream making secrets are passed down from generation to generation these days.7. Many universities in U.S.A. offer courses of ice cream science.8. The range of milk fat used in ice cream can go ________.9. In 1999，retail sales of ice cream in the U.S. topped ________.10. With that much money to be made，the ice cream industry can be ________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A] The class thought the demonstration was too complex.[B] Too many students showed up.[C] The professor didn't show up.[D] The professor cancelled it.12. [A] Because nine is an odd number.[B] Because the elevator got stuck.[C] Because the elevator is too old.[D] Because there are too many people in the elevator.13. [A] The rain has stopped.[B] She wants to soak her clothes.[C] She is looking for her clothes.[D] It's raining heavily.14. [A] She goes home for lunch.[B] She spends her time shopping.[C] She gets interested in what she is reading.[D] She doesn't wake up in time.15. [A] To buy some potatoes.[B] To pass him some potatoes.[C] To have some potatoes.[D] to help him cook some potatoes.16. [A] It involved a few lunches.[B] There were free lunches.[C] There were three lunches.[D] There were more than free lunches.17. [A] He decided to continue his project.[B] He was unable to get sufficient money.[C] Lack of land prevented his success.[D] He was successful with his project.18. [A] Painting the room white.[B] Buying white furniture.[C] Waiting the man to decide.[D] Asking Mr. White for advice. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] In the student recreation center.[B] In the campus dining hall.[C] In the university bookstore.[D] In a classroom.20. [A] Studying.[B] Preparing snacks.[C] Playing cards.[D] Learning how to play bridge.21. [A] Miss her card game.[B] Stay up too late.[C] Take too heavy a work load next semester.[D] Neglect her studies to play bridge.22. [A] He already knows how to play.[B] He doesn't like to play games.[C] He doesn't have a partner.[D] He doesn't have enough free time. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] The effect of the atmosphere on rainfall.[B] How conditions on earth support life.[C] How water originated on earth.[D] A new estimate of the age of earth.24. [A] The surface of the ocean is expanding.[B] Volcanic activity is increasing.[C] The surface of earth contains tons of cosmic dust.[D] Thousands of comets are colliding with earth's atmosphere.25. [A] They are found under the oceans.[B] They were most active when earth was first formed.[C] Their emissions created earth's atmosphere.[D] Their fumes are mostly water in the state of a gas.Section B Directions：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] He was trained as an electronics engineer.[B] He was trained as a mechanical engineer.[C] He was trained as a communication engineer.[D] He was trained as a nuclear engineer.27. [A] Fishing and hunting.[B] He began to show great interest in natural beauty.[C] Nuclear science.[D] Amateur radio.28. [A] An old friend of his.[B] His elder brother.[C] His younger brother.[D] his younger son.Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. [A] The Bachelor's degree.[B] The Associate degree.[C] The Master's degree.[D] The Doctor's degree.30. [A] A technical associate degree.[B] A degree which is designed for transfer.[C] A bachelor's degree.[D] The last degree one can ever hope to attain.31. [A] 120 quarter hours.[B] 95 quarter hours.[C] 120 credit hours.[D] 72 credit hours.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. [A] In 1848.[B] In 1846.[C] In 1884.[D] In 1849.33. [A] 8,000 people.[B] 10,000 people.[C] 80,000 people.[D] 100,000 people.34. [A] From the western United States.[B] From all parts of the country.[C] From only the east coast of the American Continent.[D] From San Francisco Bay.35. [A] Because many settlements were abandoned.[B] Because there were many gold-hungry sailors.[C] Because private gold could not be protected by law.[D] Because everybody raced for California.Section C Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank，you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.Mark Twain，who wrote the story we're going to read，traveled quite a lot often because circumstamces，usually (36) ________ circumstances，forced him to He was born in Florida，Missouri in 1835 and moved to Hannibal，Missouri with his family when he was about 4 years old. Most people think he was born in Hannibal but that isn't true. After his father died when he was about 12，Twain worked in Hannibal for a while and then left，so he could (37)________ more money. He worked for a while as a typesetter on (38) ________ newspapers and then got a job as a river (39) ________ on the Mississippi. Twain loved this job and many of his books show it. The river job didn't last，however，because of the (40) ________ of the Civil War. Twain，was in the (41) ________ Army for just 2 weeks and then he and his whole (42) ________ went west to get away from the war and the army. In Nevada and California Twain (43) ________ for silver and gold without much luck，but did succeed as a writer. (44) ____________________________________________________________.(45) _________________________________________________________.(46)___________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section A Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two，but found yourself right back whereyou started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly，you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term，49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing，blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active，51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood，liver，and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity，the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity，the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking，running，rollerblading，swimming，dancing，and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly，if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration，you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short，a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.[A] positive[B] additional[C] duration[D] effective[E] shed[F] physical[G] food[H] functions[I] participated[J] rely[K] cut[L] repeatedly[M] uses[N] little[O] obviousSection B Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]，[B]，[C]and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences ingenetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities，it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.For some people，simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep，enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature，and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand，it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions，many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful，one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success，but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one's goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success："You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added，" You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like，and to which you have given you best effort."57. In the first paragraph，the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success.[A] ability and goals [C] ability and environment[B] goals and determination [D] goals and environment58. The word "frugal" (Line 2，Para. 2) means ________.[A] wealthy [C] thrifty[B] wasteful [D] miserable59. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________.[A] their life is miserable [C] their goals are too low[B] they do not live in peace [D] they are not rich enough by their own standards.60. The last paragraph implies that ________.[A] we should have high goals [C] success means taking a walk in the park[B] success means achieving great goals [D] success means trying one's best at what onereally likes61. This passage mainly talks about ________.[A] the definition of success [C] how to set goals[B] how to achieve success [D] the importance of goalsPassage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service，he figures his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellite into high earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly，who runs Kelly Space Technology，"I realized the real market is in space tourism."According to preliminary market surveys，there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour，$98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by . This may sound great，but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit—with no oxygen，life support or return trip necessary—already costs and astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn't include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious(爱打官司)passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the spacetourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket".The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do：design a reusable launch system that's inexpensive，safe and reliable. Kelly Space's prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away，but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all，you can't be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far，far away.62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?[A] T ake Vacations in Space [C] Flight Regulations in Space Travels[B] Building Hotels in Space [D] Cost of Space Traveling63. The phrase "bread-and-butter business" (Line 1，Pare.1) mostprobably means ________.[A] a business to sell bread and butter [C] the business to make a living[B] a business to produce bread and butter [D] a traveling agency64. How much is the 2-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington?[A] $1 million. [B] $10,000. [C] $98,000 [D] $22,00065. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A] The biggest hurdle for the space-tourism project is lack of a life supporting system.[B] The entrepreneurs trying to explore the space-tourism have plenty of money.[C] The government has little interests in this project.[D] The first passenger countdowns are within a few years.66. What's the author's tone in the last sentence of the passage?[A] Objective. [C] Approving.[B] Ironical. [D] Enthusiastic.Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 67 overthe centuries. During the 1950s especially，increased attention has been devoted to 68 and describing the reading process. 69 specialists agree that reading 70 a complex organization of higher mental 71 ，they disagree 72 the exact nature of the process. Some experts，who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds，73 reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand 74 .These authorities 75 that meaning，being concerned with thinking，must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is 76 related to thinking，and that a child who pronounces sounds without 77 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader，78 to some，is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 79 reads.Many adults，although they have the ability to read，have never read a book in its 80 . By some experts they would not be 81 as readers. Clearly，the philosophy，objectives，methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most 82 and satisfactory definition，reading is the ability to 83 the soundsymbols' code of the language，to interpret meaning for various 84 ，at various rates，and at various levels of difficulty，and to do 85 widely and enthusiastically. 86 short，reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.67. [A] substantively [B] substantially [C] substitutively [D] subjectively68. [A] distributing [B] promoting [C] defining [D] reporting069. [A] Although [B] If [C] Unless [D] Until70. [A] involves [B] takes [C] reveals [D] invites71. [A] opinions [B] effects [C] manners [D] functions72. [A] of [B] about [C] for [D] into73. [A] view [B] look [C] reassure [D] agree74. [A] by [B] to [C] off [D] for75. [A] content [B] contend [C] contempt [D] contact76. [A] inexplicably [B] inexpressibly [C] inextricably [D] inexpediently77. [A] interpreting [B] telling [C] explaining [D] reading78. [A] like [B] for [C] according [D] as79. [A] totally [B] usually [C] mainly [D] actually80. [A] part [B] entirety [C] chapter [D] section81. [A] claimed [B] said [C] classified [D] graded82. [A] inclusive [B] inclinable [C] conclusive [D] complicated83. [A] break [B] elaborate [C] define [D] unlock84. [A] purposes [B] degrees [C] stages [D] steps85. [A] such [B] so as [C] so [D] such as86. [A] By [B] In [C] On [D] ToPart VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions：Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. The circulation figures have risen ________________________ (自从咱们在头版上采用了彩色照片后).88. I believe in the theory that ________________________(高等动物是由低等动物发展而来).89. _______________________(我要点一份煎蛋和熏肉)，and my colleague。

答案速对：Part II Listening Comprehension【Section A】1-7：BB—AD—DAC【Section B】8-15：ABCD—AADC【Section C】16-25：DBD—CBAB—ADCPart III Reading Comprehension【Section A】26~30KEOLD31~35GHCFN【Section B】36~40FCIJD41~45KBEKH【Section C】46~50CABAC51~55CBDDA答案详解：Part I Writing【参考范文】As knowledge and experience serve as twin towers in problem-solving,one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment,either to wrack his brain,just like what happened to Neutron,siting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out one of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe,or to seek for others’wisdom through their advice,just as in the case of Benjamin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown library. Both ways work.When a practical goal is involved,however,Benjamin Franklin may best be regarded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative.Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and efficiency for a goal-accomplishment.Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual.A single thought in someone’s mind is,more often than not,far less shining compared with group’s wisdom.That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’of past great giants;that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds;that also explains why teamwork in corporation is highly emphasized in the21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individual involved,a team,a company,an institution,a country,or even the entire global village.Asking others’advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too.In terms of democracy,it is necessary to give othersrights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways,and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication,idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions,and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives,principles,practicalities and personalities of each other.Admittedly turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence.Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind,enlarges our vision,furthers understanding,enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm,and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities,which undoubtedly gives rise to better,if not the best solutions.As is paraphrased from John F Kennedy,brainstormed,there is little we cannot do while divided,there is little we can do. Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One(1)Scientists have discovered the species of songbird that performs a tap dance so fast that it can't be seen by the naked eye of human beings.Researchers from Japan and Germany slow down footage of the blue songbirds during courtship.Here's our science reporter Jonathan Web.“Now,they've discovered that tap dance is in the course of courtship of both male and female blue songbirds.This is very obvious in the process of the songbirds expressing love to each other.(2)The next step for the researchers is to discover the relationship between courtship and this fancy footwork,such as whether the bird's mate is courted by the sight,the sound or the vibrations of this fancy footwork. Such is the agility of the songbirds'show-stopping quickstep that could only be fully appreciated in super slow motion."That's the latest BBC news. Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.Why does the naked eye seldom see the dance of the songbirds?B)2.What should the researchers do next?B)News Report Two(3)The World Bank has warned that100million more people will be pushed into poverty by2030unless action is taken to prevent global warming.It says global warming will ravage crops and fuel the spread of malaria and other ura Becca reports from Washington."The World Bank says that climate change is already having an effect on the poorest people who were struggling to raise crops in extreme weather and low rainfall. They say the world's poorest receive fewer resources and are woefully unprepared to dealwith further Climate Shocks such as rising seas or severe drought.(4)They're calling for more to be done to help those in need and they want world leaders to act to reduce carbon emissions.That report had been released just a few weeks before a UN Climate Summit in Paris.”Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.What will make more people become poor by2030?A)4.What should world leaders do?D)News Report ThreeThere're reports of fights at an Australian immigration detention center on Christmas Island following the death of a refugee.(5)Australian media say the fights started after an argument between a prisoner and a guard about the death.Jon Donnison reports from Sydney.“The Australian Immigration Ministry has confirmed there have been what it calls disturbances at the Christmas Island detention center.There are reports some security guards abandoned their positions with fences torn down and fires lit.Fazel Chegeni was found dead at the bottom of a cliff after he apparently managed to escape from the centre on Friday.(6)Around200shelter-seekers are held on Christmas Island which is one of several offshore detention centers operated by Australia.(7)The country has been widely criticized by human rights groups for its treatment of the shelter-seekers but the government here says its tough polices have worked and stopped people trying to reach Australia shores by boat.”Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.How did the fights take place?D)6.How many refugees are held on Christmas Island?A)7.What is Australia criticized for?C)Section BConversation OneM：Laura,what are you busy doing?W：(8)I'm working on my report on gender differences with the results of my survey. M：Oh?What are findings?Are there really a lot of differences between men and women? W：You bet there are.For example,(9)in a lot of men's minds,women tend to be really talkative and some would describe their wives as chatterboxes.They say their wives say many things so fast that they get lost in the middle of the conversation.M：Oh，dear.That s too bad.But that is only men's feelings.Do you find that women do talk so much?W：Well,it all depends.Actually,my research findings are that men and women simplyhave different ways of talking.(10)Men do the public talking well and women often do the private talking.M：Sorry,I lose track of your words.Private talking?What's that?W：That is to say,(10)for most women,the language of conversation is primarily a way of establishing connections and relationships.But for most men，talk is primarily a means to stay independent and maintain status in the social order.M：I see.Men do have higher social status than women.W：But nowadays,(11)more and more women are doing better and better in the society. For example,in some Latin American countries,there are female defense ministers and in America,there are female Secretaries of State.M：But do you feel that men and women are equally treated in the modern society? W：According to my research,there still a lot of inequalities in both developing countries and the industrial ones.But fortunately,things are changing for the better. Questions8to11are based on the news report you have just heard.8.What is the woman busy doing?A)9.What do men think of their wives in general?B)10.What can we learn about people's ways of talking?C)11.Why are female defense ministers mentioned in the conversation?D) Conversation TwoM：Hi,Ruby,have you heard that there is going to be a robot show at the museum? W：Yes.And they say students can get half-price tickets.Sam,are you planning to go? M：Yes.(15)And I have invited my girlfriend to go with me.(14)So I wonder if I could borrow your car this Sunday.W：Well,would you please wait just a moment and let me check my schedule? M：OK.W：Well,(12)today is Friday and Ted wants to meet with me on Sunday,so that we can talk about next week's experiment.But I guess I can call him and put it off to the next Monday.The experiment is on Wednesday.Um,Sam,(15)do you mind me joining you to go to the robot show?Or you want it to be a trip with your girlfriend only?M：Are you kidding?Of course I don't mind.By the way,we can have lunch together at the Mexico restaurant just next to the museum.I heard they have really nice food and the price isn't high.(13)That will be my treat.W：I think it's better if we go Dutch.M：(13)I do want to pay for it.I appreciate your driving us to the museum.In this weather, we would shake all over if we have to wait for the bus.W:All right,then.(14)(15)I'll pick you up at8：00Sunday morning.Then,we can pick up yourgirlfriend at about8:20.M：Thank you.See you on Sunday.W；See you.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.What did Ruby plan to do on Sunday?A)13.Who will pay for the lunch?A)14.When will they go to the robot show?D)15.How many people will go to the robot show?C)Section CPassage OneTo some it's a dream job-eating delicious meals for free and then writing about them. But for some food critics,their eyes aren't the only thing that gets wide when consider yet another feast,(16)because the food critics tend to gain weight and become fat.Karen Fernau,a food writer for The Arizona Republic,said when she first started her job,she began to gain weight.“I always looked forward to lunch before this job,then all of a sudden lunch was all day every day,”she says.Nine years later,keeping her weight steady and her health intact is a daily battle.(17)If she knows she will be going to a tasting at a bakery or eating a four course meal,she usually eats fruit or salads throughout the day.At one tasting session alone,she says,upward of1000calories is often added to her day.That's about half of the recommended total calories per day for the average adult. But even through she has devised a special eating method,Fernau says sticking to it is a daily battle.And food editors,writers and critics across the country couldn't agree more.(18)Joe Yonan,a food editor at The Washington Post,has intensified his exercise habits since he started the job two years ago.Yonan says he realized early that he was gaining weight and promptly hired a personal trainer to meet with three times a week,on top of his aerobic training three to five times a week.Still,it's a struggle that many Americans might envy.After all,it's one thing to get your calories from lobster tails and quite another to get them from sodas and fast-food burgers.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.Why does the speaker say the food critics'eyes aren't the only thing that gets wide?D)17.What is Karen Fernau's way of keeping her weight steady?B)18.What can we know about Yonan's job?D)Passage TwoWhat really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle?It's probably not what you think.(19)Years of clinical research proves that the real keys are pleasure,joy and freedom,not willpower and hardship.Joy of living is sustainable;fear of dying is not. Why?Because life is to be enjoyed.There's no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that's even better,and quickly.(20)When people eat more healthfully,exercise,quit smoking,manage stress better,and love more,they find that they feel so much better.So quickly,it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.Fortunately,the latest studies show how powerful the mechanisms that control our health and well-being are.(21)When you exercise and eat right,your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen,so you become smarter,think more clearly,have more energy,and need less sleep.(21)Your face receives more blood flow,so your skin glows more and wrinkles less.You look younger and more attractive.In contrast,an unhealthy diet,lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly.Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your blood vessels to become narrower,which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely.This is why smokers look years older than they really are. One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers'perception of stress was more important than was objectively occurring in their lives.In other words,if you feel stressed, you are stressed.Questions19to22are based on the passage you have just heard.19.Which are the keys to sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle?C)20.Which of the following practices can make people feel better?B)21.What's the benefit of exercising and eating right according to the passage?A)22.What conclusion can we draw from the passage?B)Passage Three(23)At no other time in recent history has it been easier or cheaper to start a new kind of company,possibly a very profitable company.Let's call these new companies LILOs,for “a little in,a lot out."These are web-based businesses that cost almost nothing to get off the ground yet can turn into great moneymakers.How do you get started?All that's required is a great idea for a product that will fill a need in the21st century.These days you'd do best if your idea either makes people money or saves them money.And launching now will make your company stronger later—you'll learn to survive on fumes until the economy improves.That's what John Tayman is doing.He's an author who lives in San Francisco and writes reviews for a business magazine.(24)Tayman knew little about technology and even less about business.And yet he dreamed of a website thatwould summarize car reviews from other sources and rank every model of new car. Tayman said he intended to build the site on the side while continuing to write for a living. He'd work on his new company only at night and on weekends.(24)And he had only about $10000.Tayman went to work with nothing more than his laptop,a hyper-organized fellow.He quickly discovered a bunch of free stuff online-instructional manuals and sites that walk you through the process from start to finish.(25)Within months,Tayman had a virtual staff of20employees working for him in five different went live in January.Tayman figures he has worked about ten hours a week on it and hasn't spent a cent on marketing or advertising.Growth is modest but steady-nearly10 000people visit each week.Questions23to25are based on the passage you have just head.23.What are the advantages of starting a new business now?A)24.What did Tayman have when he started his business?D)25.What can we learn about Tayman's website from the passage?C)PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A26.K【精析】动词辨析题。

^| You have to believe，there is a way. The ancients said:" the kingdom of heaven is trying to enter". Only when the reluctant step by step to go to it 's time，must be managed to get one step down，only have struggled to achieve it.-- Guo Ge Tech大学英语四级考试全真预测试题(一)Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选取职业是一种人要面对众多难题之一。

2. 需要花时间去选取职业。

3. 选取职业时可以向多人谋求建议和协助。

【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业议论文。

短文需要阐明慎重择业相称重要，并提出各种指引择业办法。

【参照范文】Choosing an OccupationOne of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people，of course，who from th e time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters，but themajority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.Choosing an occupation takes time，and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work，or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.Fortunately，there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools，there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.听力Section CDirections:In this section，you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks，you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.In the English (36) system，students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus，which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38) or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40) if a child stayed in school. Now，however，all children continue in (41) schools，and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen，the students are (42) for the Ordinary (43) of the General Certificate of Education. (44) . Once students have passed this exam，they are allowed to specialize，so that two-thirds or more of their courses will be in physics，chemistry，classicallanguages，or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45) . Even at the universities，students study only in their concentrated area，and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46) .36.【答案】educational【解析】本文讲是英国教诲系统，重要讲了英国学生要参加三次重要考试。

2021年全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题及答案21.[A] compatible [B]parallel [C] similar [D]identical22.[A]Furthermore [B] However [C] Hence [D]Otherwise23.[A]addition[B]brief [C]general [D] fact24.[A]provided[B]since [C]whereas [D] though25.[A]stages [B] periods [C] years [D]sessions26.[A]location[B]position [C]situation [D]condition27.[A]patterns[B]designs [C]stations [D]schemes28.[A]variation [B]balance [C]frequency [D]stability29. [A] small [B] few [C]rare [D]scarce30. [A]operation[B]production[C] procession[D]action31. [A] spending [B]planning [C] financing [D]saving32. [A] expenditures [B]benefits[C]costs [D]profits33. [A]expensively [B]consistently [C] periodically [D]cheaply34. [A] conveniently [B]beneficially [C] advantageously[D]favorably35. [A]on account of [B]in terms of [C]regardless of [D]in spite of36. [A]Like[B]Except[C]Regarding [D]With37. [A] application[B]endurance[C] expectancy[D]extension38. [A]concentration [B] continuity[C] conformity [D]conductivity39. [A]develop [B]differ[C]depart[D]derive40. [A]interchangeably[B] immediately [C] intermittently[D]intensively41. In the author’s opinion, the high inflation rate in the US was accompanied by[A]energy crises[B]mounting wages[C]housing shortage[D]shrinking market42. The only way to reverse the worsening situation seems to be[A]a policy of gradualism[B]sacrifiee of public interests[C]radical changes of policy[D]postponing of drastic actions43. We can learn from the fourth paragraph that[A]a substantial cut in annual revenue is called for[B]defense and social welfare programs should undergo cuts[C]we should leave intact programs for bettering people’s living[D]we should exercise less control over monetary policy44. The phrase "special sectors"(Line 1, Para. 7 ) most probably refers to[A]energy, food and housing[B]indexed programs[C]social security and food stamps[D]arge corporations and labor settlements45. What is the text mainly about?[A]The defect of US monetary system.[B]The causes of ever-worsening inflation in the US.[C]Prospects for the US economic situation.[D]A comprehensive settlement of inflation in the l IN46. What is a basic requirement for work in all professions according to the passage?[A]Imagination.[B]Reliability of character.[C]Discipline.[D]Obedience to orders47. Which of the following serves best as the title of the passage?[A]Limitations of the University.[B]The Proper Function of the University.[C]Importance of Intellectual Imagination.[D]Foolery of Apprenticeship Period.48. In modern times the period of technical apprenticeship[A]may have bad effects upon the young men[B]can very well train the young men[C]is a root cause of many evils[D]is unnecessary for the employees and the business49. If a university is to be of any use, it should prepare the students for an intellectual career by[A]imparting knowledge and developing skills[B]developing students’independence in thinking[C]disciplining the students in their subject fields[D]promoting the imagination in connecting details with general principles50. What does the "great difficulty which hinders all the higher types of human effort" mean?[A]Prolonged and fixed routine work in the apprenticeship period.[B]The young employee’s seldom seeing the president of the company.[C]Universities’failure to get young people ready for future work.[D]Young men having to obey orders in the early stage of their work.51. The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education __________[A]wholeheartedly[B]with reservation[C]against her own will[D]with contempt52. Education for education’s sake was probably opposed by __________[A]scholars in the Renaissance period[B]Jill Ker Conway[C]scholars in the Dark Ages[D]Plato53. The idea that education transmits knowledge is dated back to __________[A]the Renaissance humanists[B]the medieval universities[C]the 18th century’s American scholars[D]the cold war period54. It can be inferred that Charles Francis Adams, Jr.[A]devoted his later years to classical education[B]was an advocate of education in history[C]was an opponent to classical education[D]regretted diminishing the importance of the distinction55. According to the third paragraph, which of the following is true?[A]Five percent of American college students learnt Latin texts.[B]Students in New England learnt Latin texts in official organizations.[C]Students were compelled to learn modern European languages.[D]American college students had to learn Latin grammar by heart.56. It will be a relief over the death of a friend or a relative if the friend or relative dies from[A]a traffic accident[B]an acute infectious disease[C]heart attack[D]a three-year cancer57. What is an Advance Directive?[A]A decision made by a doctor on how to end a patient’s life.[B]A hospital document on how to treat a terminally ill patient.[C]A wish made by a patient on how he will be medically treated.[D]A law that prohibits mercy killing.58. A doctor will be guilty of murder if he[Aladvises a patient to draw up his Advance Directive[B]refuses to carry out an Advance Directive[C]actively prescribes a medication that will quicken the death of a terminal patient[D]stops giving medication to a terminally ill patient according to his Advance Directive59. According to traditional English law __________[A]a person could refuse medical treatment[B]a person should not endanger his life by refusing medical treatment[C]a person should not refuse medical treatment[D]a doctor could force his patient into accepting his treatment60. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s attitude toward the Advance Directive?[A]it should be made legally binding in Britain.[B]It’s morally questionable.[C]It is the same as mercy killing,and therefore should not be encouraged.[D]It runs counter to traditional English law.Section lI Use of EnRlish2021年全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题及答案(2)21.[A]small [B]educational [C]big [D]business22.[A]claimed [B]called [C]spoken [D]told23.[A]as [B]with [C]over [D]in24.[A]money [B]discounts [C]priees [D]costs25.[A]exciting [B]encouraging [C]despairing[D]disappointing26.[A]ourselves [B]customers [C]companies [D]US27.[A]to [B]for [C]in [D]with28.[A]as if [B]even though [C]just as [D]although29.[A]custom [B]literacy [C]poem [D]tradition30.[A]artificial [B]human [C]wise [D]high31.[A]capable [B]possible [C]probable [D]available32.[A]compared [B]comparing [C]contrasted[D]contrasting33.[A]than [B]above [Clover [D]from34.[A]tools [B]robots Eelequipment [D]electronics35.[A]other [B]big [C]little [D]robot36.[A]expensive [B]artificial [C]educational [D]low-cost37.[A]up to [B]to [C]in [D]about38.[A]mechanical [B]standard [C]cheap [D]small39.[A]much [B]many [C]both [D]some40.[A]more [B]less [C]no [D]least41.What is the passage mainly talking about?[A]The necessity of the education about AIDS.[B]How to achieve the aims of AIDS courses.[C]Risks associated with AIDS.[D]Social responses to AIDS.42.Why did the author offer the AIDS course7[A] He wanted to teach people about a cure for AIDS.[B]People need to be taught how to avoid those with AIDS.[C]He wanted to teach the students that AIDS resulted from moral failure.[D]People take improper attitudes towards AIDS and those with or at high risk of43.The word“afflict”in the third sentence of the first paragraph nlost plobably means“__________”.[A] benTl[B]cause suffering to[C]teach[D]draw attention from44.What does the author think is the correct resDonse to AIDS?[A] contempt[B]Optimism and bravad0.[C]Understanding and compassion.[D]Resentment and avoidance.45.Which of the following can best explain“AIDS tests the institutions upon which our societv rcsfs， according to the passage?[A] AIDS is a sign of moral failure and socialc011aDse.[B]AIDS indicates that our social systems have been very inefficient.[C] The responses of a society to the threat of AIDS detemines whether and to what extent the society can be called civilized.[D]The spreading of the fatal disease suggests that the nation’s resources have been wron91y used。

之12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题：It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work，your coat when you are going to the cleaners，your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you；now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said："A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour，10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow[B] instance[C] blank[D] industrial[E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating[H] highlight [I] user[J] complicated[K] white[L] annoying[M] successful[N] articles[O] simple【参照答案】：略二、阅读理解第2题：What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century，canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.Then，in the 1940s，work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before，setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitchin with food preparation，women are not fully liberated from that chore.It's easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long，hard day. Also nowadays，the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people，as well as unmarried and divorced mature people，live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast，it doesn't require any dressing up，it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine，and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat，there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children，especially，love fast food because it's finger food，no struggling with knives and forks，no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.1. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ________.[A] it can be eaten in the car[B] it is much more tasty than home-made food[C] one only uses his fingers while eating it[D] it is time-saving and convenient2. It can be inferred that children ________.[A] want to have freedom at table[B] wash dishes after each meal[C] are not good at using forks and knives while eating[D] take eating time as a fun break3. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because ________.[A] they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home[B] the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home[C] many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook[D] American women refuse to cook at home due to women's liberation movement4. According to the text，a drive-in window is a ________.[A] car window from which you can see the driver[B] window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car[C] place where you check the mechanic condition of your car[D] entrance where you return the used plates after eating5. The expression "pitch in with" (Line 2，Para. 2) probably means________.[A] complain[B] enjoy[C] help[D] deny1小题>、【对的答案】：D2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：C4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：C【参照解析】：无第3题：InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September，there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states，Calloway said. With advicefrom the FBI，each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry，the academic community and public agencies. Bands，utilities，and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation，particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago，all you needed to protect yourself was a safe，a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker，who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com，CNN and Yahoo!several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile，too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles，who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board，said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles，a computer security expert，has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said，"the Net is a wonderful place，but it's also a dangerous one."1. From the first paragraph，we know ________.[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime2. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT ________.[A] academic communities[B] public agencies[C] FBI[D] private industry3. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3～4，Para. 3)，the author means ________.[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security4. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT ________.[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers[B] victims have no firewalls[C] the use of modem is increasing[D] companies don't pay enough attention to security5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation[B] information of the victims is inaccessible[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September[D] was often disrupted by hacking1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：C3小题>、【对的答案】：D4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：A【参照解析】：无三、完型填空第4题：Today，most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast，and parallel1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century，goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other2 of transport. These 3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals，such as the Suez and the Panama，save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast；still other canals8 lands where there is too much water，help to 9 fields where there is not enough water，and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope，people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals"16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane. However，scientists are now18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian "canals".1. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by2. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach3. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths4. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to5. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown6. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route7. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located8. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak9. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate10. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give11. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes12. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance13. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off14. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed15. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply16. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if17. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as18. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive19. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed20. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover1小题>、【对的答案】：C2小题>、【对的答案】：B3小题>、【对的答案】：A4小题>、【对的答案】：B5小题>、【对的答案】：B6小题>、【对的答案】：C7小题>、【对的答案】：D8小题>、【对的答案】：B9小题>、【对的答案】：D10小题>、【对的答案】：A11小题>、【对的答案】：C12小题>、【对的答案】：B13小题>、【对的答案】：C14小题>、【对的答案】：D15小题>、【对的答案】：B16小题>、【对的答案】：B17小题>、【对的答案】：A18小题>、【对的答案】：C19小题>、【对的答案】：B20小题>、【对的答案】：D【参照解析】：无四、阅读理解第5题：Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7，markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.To Save Trees，Fighting One Alien Insect with OthersRusty rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia，some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old."This is a very special tree," said Rhea，an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Health Protection program in Asheville，North Carolina，"I was brought up here，and I don't want to see another species go by the wayside."The evergreen trees，a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks，are under attack by an invasive inse4ct barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States' old-growth forests.Already the tiny bug from Japan，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HW A)，has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginia's Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.The hemlocks shade streams，keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout (鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler，solitary vireo，and northern goshawk，all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees.Because of the insect's broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia，HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight (枯萎病)of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States tothe southern Appalachian Mountains.In addition，a species related to HW A，the balsam woolly adelgid，has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.Acting QuicklyHW A arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly. It's already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains，where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.HW A multiply quickly：All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地)，laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph，or crawler，stage，they are dormant from about June until October，after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest.HW A crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches，sucking the sap，and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die，depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white，cottonlike material that appears along a tree's twigs or by the "baldness" of a tree's upper branches.Plans of AttackIn the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures' feeding，and in the cold northeast，winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast，with weather approximating that of the insects' native Asian homes，they thrive.Chemical sprays-such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections-have helped to kill some of the HW A infestations.But spraying must be repeated every six months，and injections are expensive and last only two years at most. These methods can't be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.Long term，the best way to control the pests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HW A. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and China and identified three such species. One of them，the Sasajiscymnus tsugae (St) beetle，was released in areas of Great Smoky Mountains National Park in .Studying what controls a species in its native habitat-including climate，predators，and host resistance-provided clues about which insects to use against HWA，said Kristine Johnson. Based in Gatlinburg，Tennessee，Johnson is a supervisory forester for Great Smoky Mountains National Park."Biological control is the only long-term hope to save the trees in the backcountry (穷乡僻壤)," she said. "We have 800 square miles (2,100 square kilometers) of contiguous wilderness. We value the native forest，and it's entirely worth defending."Risky BusinessReleasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could be risky business，potentially creating another type of infestation. But scientists first quarantined and studied the HW A-killer insects.They believe the St beetles are the best answer to the HW A problem and that they won't cause side damage. This tiny black female beetle，the size of a poppy seed，is already spreading in the Great Smoky Mountains.But the beetle and other HW A-killer insects are seasonal，so it will take several different ones operating year-round to keep HW A in check，Rhea said. He doesn't believe HW A will be completely eradicated (根除) but will instead be kept in balance by the predator insects. "We're trying to insert a balance in a system that's out of balance," he said.Each St beetle can lay 200 to 300 eggs，said Ernest Bernard，professor of entomology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Bernard's laboratory is one of several that are breeding the beetles."Each beetle eats hundreds of baby adelgids a year," he said. And about 120,000 of the beetles have been released in the past couple years in the Smokies，but it is still too early to measure their impact.One good sign，Bernard said，is that some beetle larvae (幼虫) have been found in areas where they were not released，indicating that the HWA killers may be reproducing and spreading.1. The passage gives a general description of an invasive insect，HWA.2. Hemlock is a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks.3. The invasive insect，known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA)，is from Japan.4. The key to killing the HW A is to catch it early and act quickly.5. An infected tree usually dies immediately.6. The Hemlock in the U.S. will be saved from HWA soon.7. The long term，best way to control the pests HWA is spraying.8. Since 1951 the HW A has spread to more than________.9. Releasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could create________.10. It will take several different insects operating year-round to________.1小题>【参照答案】：Y2小题>【参照答案】：3小题>【参照答案】：N4小题>【参照答案】：N5小题>【参照答案】：Y6小题>【参照答案】：Y7小题>【参照答案】：NG8小题>【参照答案】：15 U.S. states9小题>【参照答案】：another type of infestation10小题>【参照答案】：keep HWA in check五、翻译第6题：It is time the whole society began to take action to ________________________(使咱们环境免于毁灭).【参照答案】：save our environment from destruction第7题：If we had set out earlier，________________________(咱们就不会在雨中行走).【参照答案】：we wouldn’t have walked in the rain第8题：When this semester is over，________________________ (我就能抽空读这部故事了).【参照答案】：I should be able to get around to reading this novel第9题：________________________ (在我设计出这个问题解决方案后)，I’ll submit a report to the committee.【参照答案】：After I work out a solution to the problem第10题：________________________ (我已得出结论)that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.【参照答案】：I have come to the conclusion六、写作题第11题：Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 当前网络教诲形成热潮2. 我以为形成这股热潮因素是……3. 我对网络教诲评价Online Education【参照答案】：Online EducationBeing online is no longer something strange in our life.To some degree，it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online，such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very "in". That is online education.Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time?Among all the reasons，the quick development of the internet should be the essential one，which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today，modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However，due to the great pace of modern society，many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.Personally，I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all，with online education，we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.。

2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。

2021年6月份大学英语四级作文预测题目1.Should We Help Strangers?1.有人认为帮助陌生人是一种美德;2.有人却认为帮助陌生人会给自己带来麻烦和危险;3.我认为……【范文】Helping strangers has always been considered as a treasured virtue of mankind. We need help from others throughout our life, whenever we travel to other places or stay at home. On the other hand, helping others can make us happy. We feel great joy when we are trusted, needed and able to give a hand.2.1.现在许多人越来越依赖电脑;2.过分依赖电脑会带来很多问题;3.我的看法【范文1】【范文2】 Talent Show1.有人赞成电视选秀节目2.有人则反对3.我的观点【范文1】Over the past couple of years, a variety of talent shows have emerged on TV channel across our nation, from Happy Girls to Super Boys and so forth. This type of entertainment programs is intensely popular, especially among youngsters. It has produces profound impacts on their studies and life. They believe that the TV talent show can change their fate. At least, they say, the program offers the opportunity to show and develop one’s talents.For my part, I believe that the TV talent show is like a double-edged sword and it is important for us to face it properly. For one thing, the TV studios are supposed to offer more stimulating and favorable shows. For another, the media ought to give people proper guidance and refrain from exaggerating the effects of the show.【范文2】Recently, there is a public discussion about TV talent show. ,because many TVstations have all kinds of TV talent shows, such as Super Boy, Dream of China and so on. TV talent show makes a profound influence on our day-to-day life.From my perspective, we should pay more attention to the advantage of TV talent show. Meanwhile, we might take some measures to avoid some negative effects of TV talent show.4.Killing Time Indoors1.现在很多人业余时间喜欢“宅”在家里2.人们对这种做法有不同的看法3.我的看法【范文】5.Restrict Mobile Phone in Library1.现在有不少人在图书馆的阅览区里使用手机2.这一现象可能带来的影响3.我的看法【范文】There is no doubt that this behavior will have no good effect. On the one hand, students who use it can not concentrate on their own studies when they constantly send or receive messages. On the other hand, with the ringing of the phones and people’s talk ing over the phone, students around them may be distracted from their reading as well.Therefore, the proper way of using mobile phones in the library must be emphasized. First of all, whenever you enter the library, turn your mobile phone into the mode of silence or vibration so as to avoid the disturbance of other students. Second, if you do need to make a call or send or receive messages, you’d better go out of the reading room or at least try to reduce the volume of your sound and your phone’s sound.6. My Opinion on Micro-blog1．目前越来越多人开起了“微博”2．“微博”会带来一些问题3.我的看法【范文】7.Celebrities as Products’ Spokespersons1.现在明星为产品代言的现象很普遍2. 明星代言存在的一些问题2.我的看法【范文】In my view, as spokespersons, celebrities represent the products. They should understand that the pr oducts they are endorsing concern their images and consumers’ interests. Therefore, before endorsing products, they should learn about the products as much as possible. Only by doing so, can they be trusted by their fans and protect the legal rights of general public.8.Spam Message1.目前垃圾短信泛滥2.这种现象产生的原因3.如何解决这个问题【范文】To solve the problem of spam message, relative authorities and professionals should make joint efforts. The government should set up laws to severely punish the illegal advertisers and those who disclose users’ information. Cell phone researchers and developers should upgrade the products and enable them to delete the spam automatically. Should people act together, they will be free from the spam message. 9. Internet Slang1）近年来，网络语言在青少年中很流行；2.人们对这一现象的看法不同；3.我的看法是……【范文】In my opinion, Internet slang has little effect on language in general, but will greatly influence individuals, especially teenagers’ language development. It is because overuse of Internet slang will lead to their poor writing, being lacks in spellings, grammar and proper punctuations. That will drastically reduce chances of employment after they graduate and seek jobs. So, for the sake of their future, teenagers had better refrain from Internet slang.10. How to Relieve Stress1.现代人面临着各种压力2.人们减压的方法各异3.我的减压方法是…...【范文1】The effective way to relieve stress for me is different from those mentioned above. I have several relaxation techniques. For examples, when stress occurs, I would take a deep breath and exhale and if possible, I would take a warm bath. They prove to be very helpful. They help me to calm down my mind and improve my response.【范文2】As far as I am concerned, when stress does occur, it is important to recognize it and deal with it rather than escaping from it. My usual way to decrease stress would be practicing yoga, which helps me relax and it is good in keeping a very peaceful mind. And, I strongly oppose the negative ways such as taking sleeping pills, drinking heavily or fighting.11. Is Military Training Necessary Now?1.有人认为现在的大学生军训没必要2.有人则认为有必要3.我认为……【范文1】However, other people believe that military training is a must for today’s spoiled youth. First of all, it makes them more likely to persistinstead of escaping in face of hardships. Second, the self-discipline and teamwork spirit students develop are invisibly valuable wealth for their future. Last but not least, it provides a good chance for students to learn more on military and broaden their horizons.Generally, I agree with those advocating for military training. However, I insist that some training programs should be modified or carried out carefully. For example, when trainees have to stand for hours in the hot sun, trainers and teachers should watch closely their physical conditions to prevent the tragedy of sudden death from happening.【范文2】Personally, I think the military training is not a bad thing if effective measures are taken to avoid the potential risks involved in it. With careful consideration and preparation, it can not only have a good influence on students’ character, but als o help students learn how to cooperate with other people.12. Whom Do You Turn to When in Trouble?1. 有人遇到困难时向同学、朋友求助2.有人则向老师、家长求助3.以你自己为例……【范文】However, others have different choices when in trouble. They are inclined to tell their teachers and parents the difficulties they are faced with. In their opinion, teachers and parents, who are much older than them, can give them a hand with their rich experience.13 On Self-employment of College Graduates1. 政府加大了鼓励大学毕业生自主创业的力度；2. 产生这一现象的原因；3. 我的看法是……【范文】As far as I’m concerned, the program will not only offer opportunities to graduates but also bring back their confidence in themselves and in the future. An increasing number of graduates will benefit from this program. What is more, the development of each graduate will surely promote the development of the whole society in the long run.14.Text Messages on TV Shows1目前各类电视节目广泛使用短信参与方式2.人们对此有不同的看法3.我认为…….【范文】At present, text messages are widely used in various TV shows. From serious news programs to different kinds of entertainment programs, we can always see some interactive sessions which all include the use of text messages, such as text-message voting in Super-girls and Happy boys.Is it good or bad? Some people hold the view that it provides a convenient and relatively cheaper way for audience to participate in the program. While others think it is nothing but a method which takes advantage of the public’s curiosity and their hope of winning awards to lure them into sending lots of messages that cost them a large amount of money.As far as I’m concerned, text message is an effective medium for the audience to interact with the TV shows, which can arouse people’s passion for watching the programs, and bring benefits to the TV station as well. But when we are enjoying the merit of it, we should also take the contents and objectives of the TV programs into consideration to ensure the quality of the TV shows.15.Attending Your Classes Regularly1.大学生迟到、早退、旷课现象越来越普遍；2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性；3.作为大学生，我们应该……【范文1】As college students, we should bear in mind that “Well begun is half done” and “Habits make nature”. If we can develop a good habit and prevent ourselves from violating the rule, even the most trivial one, we will certainly strive straight toward the target we have in mind. We should learn to discipline ourselves on campus; otherwise we may suffer a lot in our work place in the near future. You might lose your job or opportunity if you were late.【范文2】Attending Your Classes Regularly“Should we attend our classes regularly” is an unchanged topic in the university. It is universal that college students are eager to leave early and skip classes frequently. It’s because some students think the classes are so boring that they choose to skip classes. Others are busy in their own association activities, so they have to play truant.However it would give rise to a lot of problem s. For instance, some students can’t pass the final exam for skipping classes frequently. What’s really matter is that t hey will miss plenty of professional courses which will play an important role in their future job.16. Campus Certificate Craze1）大学生“考证热”成为潮流；2）出现这种现象的原因；3）你的看法是……【范文】17. A Brief Introduction to the University假设你是一名学生志愿者，要给来你们学校参观的外国朋友介绍学校情况。

2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（1）1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?A) make an apologyB) come over to interveneC) discipline her own boyD) take her own boy away2. What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children?A) it’s important not to hurt them in any wayB) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoingC) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kidsD) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel___________________________A) discouragedB) hurtC) puzzledD) overwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?A) talk to them directly in a mild wayB) complain to their parents politelyC) simply leave them aloneD) punish them lightly5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society,______________________A) parents are worried when their kids swear at themB) people think it improper to criticize kids in publicC) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoingsD) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids参考答案：1. A2. D3. B4. A5. C2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（2）1. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,____________________________A) it’s easy for people to become impatientB) it’s difficult to create a code of conductC) it’s important to be friendly to everybodyD) it’s hard for people to admire each other2. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?A) they’d question the teachersB) they’d charge up to the schoolC) they’d tell the kids to clam downD) They’d put the blame on their kids3. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be____________________4. According to professor white, today’s parents treat their children as something they___________________5. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not______________________ 参考答案：1. B2. D3. challenged4. can be proud of5. stay silent2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（3）1. Television is an attractive advertising medium inthat_____A____.A) it has large audiences B) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputation D) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TVchannels____D_.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreased B) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as anadvertising medium__B___A) earn a larger annual ad revenue B) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniques D) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because____C_______.A) more local radio stations have been set up B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumers D) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to_____A___.A) reach target audiences B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（4）1. What is the author’s profound belief? A[A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.[B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.[C] People have quite different perceptions ofnature.[D] People must make more efforts to study nature.2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays? D[A] Personal freedom.[B] Things that are natural.[C] Urban surroundings.[D] Things that are purchased.3. What does a study in Sweden show? B[A] The natural environment can help children learn better.[B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.[C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.[D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ____D____.[A] tend to develop a strong love for science[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD] are less likely to be involved in bullying5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD? D[A] Find more effective drugs for them.[B] Provide more green spaces for them.[C] Place them under more personal care.[D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（5）1. What is British food generally known for? BA) Its unique flavour. C) Its special cooking methods.B) Its bad taste. D) Its organic ingredients.2. The Second World War led to in Britain. AA) an inadequate supply of food C) an increase in food importB) a decrease of grain production D) a change in people's eating habits3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades? BA) Its food lacked variety. C) It was short of well-trained chefs.B) Its people cared more for quantity. D) It didn't have flavourful food ingredients.4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able to appeal to the tastes of . CA) most young people C) all kinds of overseas visitorsB) elderly British diners D) upper-class customers5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn? CA) Authentic classic cuisine. C) New ideas and presentations.B) Locally produced ingredients. D) The return of home-style dishes.2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（6）1. Everyone is busy _____ the examination in the classroom.A. withB. forC. onD. under答案： A解析：注意几个固定搭配： be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做…; be busy with sth 忙于…; busy oneself (in) doing sth 忙于做……; busy oneself with sth 忙于……。

6月英语四级作文预测题xx年6月英语四级作文预测题距离xx年6月的英语四级考试还有两天的时间，为了让大家更加有信心地去应对四级考试，特意为大家收集了三篇关于四级考试的预测题，先做一做看看自己的实力吧!随着国家的二胎政策的公布，也许在不久的将来，独生子女就成了少数群体了。

在还没有二胎成群的时候，我们一起来看看作为独生子女有哪些利与弊吧!作文题目：Advantage and Disadvantages of Being an Only Child：My father used to talk to me about his five siblings. He used to say that I was unfortunate that I had none. And I used to envy him and wonder how ni ___ it would be to have a houseful of brothers and sisters. I also used to wonder what would happen to me if I were to lose my parents.Frankly speaking, I do not have to share anything with anybody. I own all my parents' love. I can ask for anything I want. I always wear new clothes and eat the best food. Sin ___ my parents spend all their money on me, I can study at the best university of the country.Lucky as I am, I now and then feel very lonely and I have nobody to plain about my loneliness. How I long for a quarrel with my brothers and sisters! Of course I have class ___tes and friends, but they are different. Sometimes I feel so pessimistic that after my parents leave the world, I will have no blood relatives left to share with me the fond memories of my parents. Furthermore, I am likely to bee selfish while I realize the world is for sharing.So, I am happy but lonely; I am fortunate but piteous; I am loved but spoiled; I am well-bred but selfish, because I am the only child of the family.大城市生活固然好，然而房子却总是一个问题。

2021年12月英语四级考试(改革题型)预测试卷附答案(6)Part I Writing.(30 minutes)1.以下是某城市各类培训班的数目图，请简要描述图表;2.给出可能的原因;3.你的观点。

1、A.No. He has to finish his homework.B.No. He doesn't like going to the club.C.Yes. He'll go after he finished his homework.D.Yes. He'll write his paper after he returns.2、A.At a newsstand.B.At a car dealer's.C.At a publishing house.D.At a newspaper office.3、A.A movie.B.A lecture.C.A play.D.A speech.4、A.Having a break.B.Continuing the meeting.C.Moving on to the next item.D.Waiting a little longer.5、A.At a library.B.In a bus.C.At the airport.D.At a post office.6、A.The man wants to go to San Francisco.B.There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.C.There are two direct flights to Los Angeles within the next two hours.D.If the man boards the plane to Los Angeles now, he will have to transfer atSan Francisco.7、A.Shop assistant.B.A telephone operator.C.A waitress.D.A clerk.8、A.If the game is held there the team will lose.B.If the game is held there the team will win.C.It makes no difference since the team will lose.D.It makes no difference since the team will win.9、Conversation One.听材料，回答下列问题：why did the man decide to go to the library?A.One of his classes finished early.B.He wanted to get some studying done.C.The library had a special display on the Industrial Revolution.D.His books were ten days overdue.10、After getting the books,what did the man do?A.Checked them out.B.Took notes on them.C.Returned them to the shelves.D.Put them in his book bag.11、According to the man ,what happens to all the books in the library?A.They are marked with colored labels.B.They are specially coded.C.They are checked out.D.They are inspected by the guard.12、Conversation Two.听材料，回答下列各题：According to the woman,why does she respect he parents?A.Because her parents love her very much.B.Because her parents never force her to do anything she doesn't want to do.C.Because she is allowed to have her career.D.Because she has too much freedom.13、What happende when the women began to study nursing?A.She didn't need her parents' money any more.B.She begins to get on well with her parents.C.She always stayed with her parents.D.She rented a government house and lived alone.14、What attitude did the man‘s parents have towards his study abroad?A.They allowed him to come to England immediately.B.They thought he should go abroad as a child.C.They were reluctant until their son persuaded them.D.They tried to control his English study.15、Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation?A.The two speakers are from different countries.B.The man gets along very well with his parents.C.British parents never interfere with their children.D.The man doesn't like his parents at all.重点单词查看全部解释remedy['remidi]想一想再看n. 药物，治疗法，补救vt. 治疗，补救，hierarchy['haiərɑ:ki]想一想再看n. 等级制度，层级[计]，统治集团联想记忆X单词hierarchy联想记忆：原指：希腊神话中天使的级别或等级hier神圣的，archy统治－神圣的统治－阶层；等级制度 profound[prə'faund]想一想再看adj. 深奥的，深邃的，意义深远的联想记忆X单词profound联想记忆：pro向前，found底部：深的 contribution[.kɔntri'bju:ʃən]想一想再看n. 贡献，捐款(赠)minutes['minits]想一想再看n. 会议记录，(复数)分钟poll[pəul]想一想再看n. 投票，民意测验，民意，票数v. 做民意addition[ə'diʃən]想一想再看n. 增加，附加物，加法联想记忆X单词addition联想记忆：add增加，ition名词后缀 dealer['di:lə]想一想再看n. 商人，经销商，发牌者，毒品贩子emphasis['emfəsis]想一想再看n. 强调，重点astonished[əs'tɔniʃt]想一想再看adj. 惊讶的动词astonish的过去式和过去分词16、Passage One.听材料，回答下列各题：what is the main idea of the passage?A.The degree of violence in program is too high.B.There shouldn't be any commercials on television.C.Watching too much television is undesirable for children.D.Television programs in the United States are of low quality.17、Accordign to the passage,what do you think "Sesame Street"is?A.A recreational program.B.An educational program.C.A program for cartoons.D.A program for commercials.18、What will be the consequence if a child forms a habit of watching hours of television every day?A.They will become inactive and dull.B.They will not go to cinemas as often.C.They will forget to do their homework.D.They will imitate what they see in the program.19、Passage Two.听材料，回答下列各题：Where are the largest black bears living according to the passage?A.They are living in the tall building of Manhattan.B.They are living in the tall building of Philadelphia.C.They are living in northern Pennsylvania's Pocono Mountains.D.They are living in their home with other wild lives.20、What is the purpose in naming Pocono as one of America's "Last Great Place"?A.To gain support from the local community.B.To protect it from irresponsible development.C.To make it a better home for black bears.D.To provide financial security for future generations.21、How many acres of environmentally important land in the area for the Conservancy's protection?A.More than 14,000 acres.B.Less than 14,000 acres.C.About 14,000 acres.D.More than 1,400 acres.22、What is the key to protecting these remarkable lands according to the passage?A.Connecting with the wildlife.B.Connecting with the local administration.C.Connecting with the local conservancy.D.Connecting with the local community.23、Passage Three.听材料，回答下列各题：Why did the speaker say that she obviously had to go?ly was probably her secret sweetheart.B.The farmer was threatening her.C.She was curious about who Milly was.D.She was a doctor.24、What was the weather like that day?A.It was raining.B.It was clear.C.It was snowing.D.It was cloudy.25、Who did the speaker think Milly was when she saw the farmer?A.The farmer's secret sweetheart.B.The farmer's mother.C.The farmer's wife.D.The farmer's sister.26、听材料，回答下列各题：Today, students who want to learn English in the US have a wide choice of courses and institutionsto (26)________ from. And, because the US is such a big country, they also have a huge(27)________ oflocations in which to study. The US has a long(28)________of teaching English because, (29)________its history, the country has welcomed (30)________from all over the world, most of who have neededto learn English. Today, the US English language teaching sector is well developed and its teachersare highly qualified and (31) ________. American universities and colleges welcome many thousands of (32) ________students each year, who (33)________on degree or postgraduate courses. Most of theseinstitutions provide preparation courses for students who need to improve their English before they startuniversity.study. These courses are called Intensive English Language Programmes and they are themost (34)________ type of courses taken by overseas students. In addition to language tuition, IntensiveEnglish Language Programmes give students the chance to get to know the school where they will bestudying and become more familiar with the American (35)________ environment.26、第(26)题__________。